CN109721536A

CN109721536A - The fused tricyclic class compound and application thereof that phenyl replaces

Info

Publication number: CN109721536A
Application number: CN201711026405.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晓军; 左应林; 阳传文; 王建成; 王慧
Original assignee: Guangdong HEC Pharmaceutical
Current assignee: Nianyan Pharmaceutical Zhuhai Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-10-27
Filing date: 2017-10-27
Publication date: 2019-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-27
Also published as: CN109721536B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the fused tricyclic class compounds and application thereof that a kind of phenyl replaces, further to the pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound.Compound of the present invention or described pharmaceutical composition may be used as mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.

Description

Phenyl-substituted fused tricyclic compounds and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and particularly relates to a phenyl-substituted fused tricyclic compound and application thereof, and further relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound. The compound or the pharmaceutical composition may be used as a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.

Background

Mineralocorticoid Receptors (MRs) are aldosterone-activated nuclear hormone receptors that regulate the expression of many genes involved in electrolyte homeostasis and cardiovascular disease. The increase in circulating aldosterone, through its effect on natriuresis, raises blood pressure while potentially affecting the brain, heart and vascular system. In addition, hyperaldosteronism is associated with a number of disease physiological processes leading to renal and cardiovascular disease. Although hyperaldosteronism is usually caused by aldosterone-producing adenomas, patients with refractory hypertension often have elevated aldosterone levels, commonly referred to as "aldosterone escape", due to elevated serum potassium levels or residual AT1R activity. Aldosterone excess and aldosterone escape typically results in increased MR activity, MR antagonists have been shown to be effective antihypertensive agents, and also to be effective in the treatment of heart failure and primary hyperaldosteronism.

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone formed in the adrenal cortex. Its production is regulated indirectly, largely depending on renal blood flow. Any reduction in renal blood flow results in the release of the enzyme renin in the kidney and into the circulating blood. This in turn activates the formation of angiotensin II, which on the one hand has a constrictive effect on arterial blood vessels, but on the other hand also stimulates the formation of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex. The kidney thus functions as a blood pressure sensor in the blood circulation and thus indirectly as a volume sensor and counteracts the severe loss of volume via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is achieved on the one hand by increasing the blood pressure (angiotensin II effect) and on the other hand by rebalancing the filling state of the vascular system (aldosterone effect) by increasing sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney.

The control system may be compromised by morbidity in various ways. For example, chronic reduction in renal blood flow (e.g., due to heart failure and resulting blood blockage in the venous system) results in chronic overdose of aldosterone. This is followed by an expansion of blood volume and thus an increase in the deficiency-type weakness of the heart by an increased supply of blood volume to the heart. Obstruction of blood in the lungs together with shortness of breath and formation of edema of the limbs, and ascites and pleural effusion may result therefrom; renal blood flow drops further. In addition, excessive aldosterone effects result in decreased potassium concentrations in the blood and extracellular fluids. In myocardium that has been previously damaged in other ways, fatal cardiac arrhythmias may be induced if there is a deviation below a critical minimum level. This is likely one of the major causes of sudden cardiac death that often occurs in patients with heart failure.

In addition, aldosterone has also been reported to determine many myocardial remodeling processes that are typically observed in heart failure. Thus, hyperaldosteronism is a decisive component of the pathogenesis and prognosis of heart failure (which may initially be induced by various types of injury, such as myocardial infarction, myocardial inflammation or hypertension). This assumption is supported by the fact that: in extensive clinical studies with aldosterone antagonists in patient populations with chronic heart failure and post-acute myocardial infarction, the overall mortality is significantly reduced (B.Pitt, F.Zannad, W.J.Remme et al, N.Engl.J.Med.ML 709-.

In addition, in visceral tissues, such as the kidney and gut, MR regulates sodium retention, potassium excretion, and water balance during response to aldosterone. MR expression in the brain also appears to play a role in controlling neuronal excitability, negative feedback regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and cognitive aspects of behavioral performance (Castren et al, J.of Neuroendocrinology,3,461-66 (1993)).

Elevated aldosterone levels or hyperstimulation of mineralocorticoid receptors have been associated with several physiological disorders or pathological disease states including conn's syndrome, primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism, increased sodium retention, increased magnesium and potassium excretion (polyuria), increased water retention, hypertension (isolated systolic and combined forms of systolic/diastolic), cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac fibrosis, myocardial infarction, barter's syndrome and conditions associated with excessive catecholamine levels. (Hadley, M.E., Endocrinology,2nd Ed., pp366-81, (1988); and Brilla et al, Journal of Molecular and Cellular biology, 25(5), pp563-75 (1993)). Compounds and/or pharmaceutical compositions that act as MR antagonists are of therapeutic value for any of the above conditions.

Although the progress of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure is significant, the current standard of care is only near optimal and there is a clear unmet medical need for other therapeutic/pharmacological interventions. The present invention addresses those needs by providing compounds and compositions that can be used to treat or prevent hypertension, heart failure, other cardiovascular disorders, and other aldosterone disorders.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a phenyl-substituted fused tricyclic compound with Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR) antagonism and a pharmaceutical composition thereof, and application of the compound or the pharmaceutical composition in preparing medicaments for treating, preventing or relieving diseases of patients, such as hyperaldosteronism, hypertension, chronic heart failure, sequelae of myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, stroke and the like.

In one aspect, the invention relates to a compound that is a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, geometric isomer, tautomer, nitrogen oxide, hydrate, solvate, metabolite, ester, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or prodrug of a compound of formula (I),

wherein,

ring A is an aromatic ring of 3-8 atoms, a heteroaromatic ring of 3-8 atoms, a partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring of 3-8 atoms or a partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring of 3-8 atoms;

each R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Independently H, D, amino, hydroxyl, mercapto, cyano, nitro, C_1-6Alkyl radical, C_1-6Alkoxy radical, C_1-6Haloalkyl, C_1-6Haloalkoxy, C_1-6Alkylamino, carboxyl, C_1-6Alkanoyl radical, C_1-6Alkylsulfonyl, aminoacyl, aminosulfonyl, C_3-6Cycloalkyl radical, C_6-10Aryl, heterocyclyl of 3 to 8 atoms or heteroaryl of 3 to 8 atoms;

R⁵is cyano or-C (═ O) NR^aR^b；

R⁶Is H, D, C_1-6Alkyl radical, C_1-6Alkoxy radical, C_1-6Haloalkyl, C_1-6Haloalkoxy, C_1-6Alkylamino radical, C_3-6Cycloalkyl radical, C_6-10Aryl, heterocyclyl of 3 to 8 atoms or heteroaryl of 3 to 8 atoms;

each R⁷And R⁸Independently H, D, halogen, cyano, C_1-6Alkoxyacyl, carboxyl, C_1-6Alkyl radical, C_1-6Alkoxy radical, C_1-6Haloalkyl, C_1-6Haloalkoxy, C_1-6Alkylamino radical, C_1-6Alkanoyl radical, C_1-6Alkylsulfonyl, aminoacyl, or aminosulfonyl;

each R^aIndependently H, D, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, mercapto, amino, C_1-6Alkyl radical, C_1-6Haloalkyl, C_1-6Alkoxy radical, C_1-6Haloalkoxy, C_1-6Alkylamino, carboxyl, C_1-6Alkanoyl radical, C_1-6Alkoxyacyl group, C_1-6Alkylsulfonyl, aminoacyl, or aminosulfonyl;

n is 0, 1,2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, ring a is an aromatic ring of 6 atoms, a heteroaromatic ring of 5-6 atoms, a partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring of 5-6 atoms, or a partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring of 5-6 atoms.

In some embodiments, ring a is

In some embodiments, each R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Independently H, D, F, Cl, Br, amino, hydroxyl, sulfydryl, cyano, nitro and C_1-4Alkyl radical, C_1-4Alkoxy radical, C_1-4Haloalkyl, C_1-4Haloalkoxy, C_1-4Alkylamino, carboxyl, C_1-4Alkanoyl radical, C_1-4Alkylsulfonyl, aminoacyl, aminosulfonyl, C_5-6Cycloalkyl radical, C_6-10Aryl, 5-6 atomsConstituting a heterocyclic group or a heteroaryl group consisting of 5 to 6 atoms.

In some embodiments, each R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Independently H, D, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, carboxy, methylacyl, ethylaccyl, methylsulfonyl, aminoacyl, or aminosulfonyl.

In some embodiments, R⁵Is cyano or-C (═ O) NH₂。

In some embodiments, R⁶Is H, D, C_1-4Alkyl or C_1-4A haloalkyl group.

In some embodiments, R⁶H, D, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, epoxyethyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl or pyrimidinyl.

In some embodiments, each R⁷And R⁸Independently H, D, halogen, cyano, C_1-4Alkoxyacyl, carboxyl, C_1-4Alkyl radical, C_1-4Alkoxy radical, C_1-4Haloalkyl, C_1-4Haloalkoxy, C_1-4Alkylamino radical, C_1-4Alkanoyl radical, C_1-4Alkylsulfonyl, aminoacyl or aminosulfonyl.

In some embodiments, each R⁷And R⁸Independently H, D, F, Cl,Br, cyano, methylacyl, ethylacoyl, propylacyl, methoxyacyl, ethoxyacyl, propoxyacoyl, carboxy, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, methylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl or aminoacyl.

In some embodiments, each R^aIndependently H, D, F, Cl, Br, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, mercapto, amino, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, methylacyl, ethylacyl, methoxyacyl, ethoxyacyl, carboxy, methylsulfonyl, aminoacyl or aminosulfonyl.

In some embodiments, the compound of the present invention is one of,

or a stereoisomer, geometric isomer, tautomer, nitrogen oxide, hydrate, solvate, metabolite, ester, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

In another aspect, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention.

In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention further comprise at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent, adjuvant, and vehicle.

In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition of the invention further comprises one or more additional active ingredients selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, renin inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, β -receptor blockers, acetylsalicylic acid, diuretics, calcium antagonists, statins, digitalis derivatives, calcium sensitizers, nitrates, and antithrombotic agents.

In one aspect, the invention relates to the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment, prevention or alleviation of aldosteronism, hypertension, chronic heart failure, the sequelae of myocardial infarction, cirrhosis of the liver, renal failure and stroke in a patient.

In another aspect, the invention relates to the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for use as a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.

Detailed description of the invention

Definitions and general terms

Reference will now be made in detail to certain embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated by the accompanying structural and chemical formulas. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the present invention. The present invention is in no way limited to the methods and materials described herein. In the event that one or more of the incorporated documents, patents, and similar materials differ or contradict this application (including but not limited to defined terminology, application of terminology, described techniques, and the like), this application controls.

It will be further appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. All patents and publications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

The following definitions as used herein should be applied unless otherwise indicated. For the purposes of the present invention, the chemical elements are in accordance with the CAS version of the periodic Table of the elements, and the handbook of chemistry and Physics, 75 th edition, 1994. In addition, general principles of Organic Chemistry can be found in the descriptions of "Organic Chemistry", Thomas Sorrell, University Science Books, Sausaltito: 1999, and "March's Advanced Organic Chemistry" by Michael B.Smith and Jerry March, John Wiley & Sons, New York:2007, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The articles "a," "an," and "the" as used herein are intended to include "at least one" or "one or more" unless otherwise indicated or clearly contradicted by context. Thus, as used herein, the articles refer to articles of one or more than one (i.e., at least one) object. For example, "a component" refers to one or more components, i.e., there may be more than one component contemplated for use or use in embodiments of the described embodiments.

The term "patient" as used herein refers to humans (including adults and children) or other animals. In some embodiments, "patient" refers to a human.

The term "comprising" is open-ended, i.e. includes the elements indicated in the present invention, but does not exclude other elements.

"stereoisomers" refers to compounds having the same chemical structure but differing in the arrangement of atoms or groups in space. Stereoisomers include enantiomers, diastereomers, conformers (rotamers), geometric isomers (cis/trans), atropisomers, and the like.

"enantiomer" refers to two isomers of a compound that are not overlapping but are in mirror image relationship to each other.

"diastereomer" refers to a stereoisomer having two or more chiral centers and whose molecules are not mirror images of each other. Diastereomers have different physical properties, such as melting points, boiling points, spectral properties, and reactivities. Mixtures of diastereomers may be separated by high resolution analytical procedures such as electrophoresis and chromatography, e.g., HPLC.

The stereochemical definitions and rules used in the present invention generally follow the general definitions of S.P. Parker, Ed., McGraw-Hilldictionary of Chemical Terms (1984) McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York; andEliel, E.and Wilen, S., "Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1994.

Any asymmetric atom (e.g., carbon, etc.) of a compound disclosed herein can exist in racemic or enantiomerically enriched forms, such as the (R) -, (S) -or (R, S) -configuration. In certain embodiments, each asymmetric atom has at least 50% enantiomeric excess, at least 60% enantiomeric excess, at least 70% enantiomeric excess, at least 80% enantiomeric excess, at least 90% enantiomeric excess, at least 95% enantiomeric excess, or at least 99% enantiomeric excess in the (R) -or (S) -configuration.

Any resulting mixture of stereoisomers may be separated into pure or substantially pure geometric isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, depending on differences in the physicochemical properties of the components, for example, by chromatography and/or fractional crystallization.

The term "tautomer" or "tautomeric form" refers to structural isomers having different energies that can interconvert by a low energy barrier (lowenergy barrier). If tautomerism is possible (e.g., in solution), then the chemical equilibrium of the tautomer can be reached. For example, proton tautomers (also known as proton transfer tautomers) include interconversions by proton migration, such as keto-enol isomerization and imine-enamine isomerization. Valence tautomers (valenctautomers) include interconversion by recombination of some of the bonding electrons. A specific example of keto-enol tautomerism is the tautomerism of the pentan-2, 4-dione and 4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one tautomers. Another example of tautomerism is phenol-ketone tautomerism. One specific example of phenol-ketone tautomerism is the tautomerism of pyridin-4-ol and pyridin-4 (1H) -one tautomers. Unless otherwise indicated, all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

The compounds of the invention may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents, as described herein, in compounds of the general formula above, or as specifically exemplified, sub-classes, and classes of compounds encompassed by the invention.

In addition, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, the descriptions of the terms "… independently" and "… independently" and "… independently" used in the present invention are interchangeable and should be understood in a broad sense to mean that the specific items expressed between the same symbols do not affect each other in different groups or that the specific items expressed between the same symbols in the same groups do not affect each other. Likewise, the above broad understanding should be made with respect to "independent" in describing manner "… independently optionally.

The terms "optional" or "optionally" mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance may, but need not, occur, i.e., that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.

In the various parts of this specification, substituents of the disclosed compounds are disclosed in terms of group type or range. It is specifically intended that the invention includes each and every independent subcombination of the various members of these groups and ranges. For example, the term "C₁-C₆Alkyl "or" C_1-6Alkyl "means in particular independently disclosed methyl, ethyl, C₃Alkyl radical, C₄Alkyl radical, C₅Alkyl and C₆An alkyl group; "C_1-4Alkyl refers specifically to independently disclosed methyl, ethyl, C₃Alkyl (i.e. propyl, including n-propyl and isopropyl), C₄Alkyl (i.e., butyl, including n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl).

In each of the parts of the invention, linking substituents are described. Where the structure clearly requires a linking group, the markush variables listed for that group are understood to be linking groups. For example, if the structure requires a linking group and the markush group definition for the variable recites "alkyl" or "aryl," it is understood that the "alkyl" or "aryl" represents an attached alkylene group or arylene group, respectively.

The term "alkyl" or "alkyl group" as used herein, denotes a saturated, straight or branched chain, monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents as described herein. In some embodiments, the alkyl group contains 1 to 12 carbon atoms; in other embodiments, the alkyl group contains 1-6 carbon atoms, i.e., C_1-6An alkyl group; in still other embodiments, the alkyl group contains 1-4 carbon atoms, i.e., C_1-4An alkyl group; in still other embodiments, the alkyl group contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms, i.e., C_1-3An alkyl group. In some embodiments, C is described herein_1-6The alkyl group may be C_1-4An alkyl group; in other embodiments, C is described herein_1-6The alkyl group may be C_1-3An alkyl group.

Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl (including n-propyl and isopropyl), butyl (including n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl), n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, n-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-3-pentyl, 2, 3-dimethyl-2-butyl, 3, 3-dimethyl-2-butyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, and the like.

The term "alkoxy" means an alkyl group attached to the rest of the molecule through an oxygen atom, wherein the alkyl group has the meaning as described herein. Examples of alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy (including 1-propoxy or 2-propoxy), butoxy (including n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy), and the like.

The term "haloalkyl" or "haloalkoxy" means an alkyl or alkoxy group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, examples of which include, but are not limited to, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, chloroethyl (e.g., 2-chloroethyl), 2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl, 2, 2-difluoroethyl, 2-chloro-1-methylethyl, and the like.

The term "amino" denotes the group-NH₂. The term "carboxyl" denotes the group-COOH. The terms "hydroxy", "cyano", "nitro" and "mercapto" denote the radicals-OH, -CN, -NO, respectively₂-SH. The term "oxo" represents a group ═ O.

The term "alkylamino" denotes the group-NH₂Substituted by one or two alkyl groups, wherein the alkyl groups have the meaning as described herein. Examples of alkylamino groups include, but are not limited to, methylamino, dimethylamino, and the like.

The term "carbocyclic" denotes a saturated, unsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring system containing from 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms. In some embodiments, carbocycles contain 3-8 ring atoms. Examples of carbocycles include, but are not limited to, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and the like. The carbocyclic group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents described herein.

Term "Cycloalkyl "denotes a saturated monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring system containing 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms. In some embodiments, cycloalkyl groups contain 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms, e.g., C_3-10A cycloalkyl group; in other embodiments, cycloalkyl groups contain 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms, e.g., C_3-8A cycloalkyl group; in still other embodiments, cycloalkyl groups contain 3-6 ring carbon atoms, e.g., C_3-6A cycloalkyl group. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and the like; wherein, said C_3-6Cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. The cycloalkyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents described herein.

The term "heterocyclyl" refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic ring system containing 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein at least one ring atom is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen atoms; wherein the heterocyclic group is non-aromatic and does not contain any aromatic ring. Unless otherwise specified, heterocyclyl may be carbon-or nitrogen-based, and-CH₂-the group may optionally be replaced by-C (═ O) -. The sulfur atom of the ring may optionally be oxidized to the S-oxide. The nitrogen atoms of the ring may optionally be oxidized to the N-oxide. The term "heterocyclyl" may be used interchangeably with the term "heterocycle". The heterocyclyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents described herein.

The term "halogen" refers to fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) or iodine (I).

The term "aryl" denotes a monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic carbocyclic ring system containing 6 to 14 ring atoms, or 6 to 12 ring atoms, or 6 to 10 ring atoms, wherein at least one ring is aromatic and has one or more attachment points to the rest of the molecule. The term "aryl" may be used interchangeably with the terms "aromatic ring" or "aromatic ring". Examples of the aryl group may include phenyl, 2, 3-dihydro-1H-indenyl, naphthyl and anthryl. The aryl group may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents as described hereinAnd (4) substitution. Unless otherwise stated, the group "C_6-10Aryl "represents an aryl group containing from 6 to 10 ring carbon atoms.

The term "heteroaryl" denotes monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic ring systems containing 5 to 12 ring atoms, or 5 to 10 ring atoms, or 5 to 6 ring atoms, wherein at least one ring is aromatic and at least one ring contains 1,2, 3 or 4 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and wherein the heteroaryl has one or more attachment points to the rest of the molecule. when-CH is present in the heteroaryl group₂When it is a group, -CH₂-the group may optionally be replaced by-C (═ O) -. Unless otherwise indicated, the heteroaryl group may be attached to the rest of the molecule (e.g., the main structure in the general formula) via any reasonable site (which may be C in CH, or N in NH). The term "heteroaryl" may be used interchangeably with the terms "heteroaromatic ring" or "heteroaromatic compound". In some embodiments, heteroaryl is 5-10 atom consisting of heteroaryl, meaning that heteroaryl contains 1-9 ring carbon atoms and 1,2, 3, or 4 ring heteroatoms selected from O, S and N; in other embodiments, heteroaryl is a 5-6 atom heteroaryl, meaning that heteroaryl contains 1-5 ring carbon atoms and 1,2, 3, or 4 ring heteroatoms selected from O, S and N examples include, but are not limited to, furyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, and the like. The heteroaryl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents described herein.

The term "3-8 atoms", "5-10 atoms" or "5-6 atoms" means that the cyclic group consists of 3-8, 5-10 or 5-6 ring atoms including carbon atoms or heteroatoms such as O, N, S, P.

The term "partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring of 3 to 8 atoms", "partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring of 3 to 8 atoms" as used herein means an unsaturated carbocyclic ring of 3 to 8 ring atoms or an unsaturated heterocyclic ring of 3 to 8 ring atomsHeterocycle, wherein said heterocycle contains 1,2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, S, and the CH in said carbocycle or heterocycle₂May be further oxidized to form C (═ O), and similarly, S or N in the heterocycle may be further oxidized to form S (═ O), S (═ O)₂Or N (═ O). In some embodiments, a "3-8 atom partially unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring" described herein can be a 5-6 atom partially unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

The term "3-8 atom aromatic ring" and "3-8 atom heteroaromatic ring" as used herein refers to an aromatic ring containing 3-8 ring atoms and a heteroaromatic ring containing 3-8 ring atoms, wherein the heteroaromatic ring contains 1,2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, S. In some embodiments, the "3-8 atom aromatic ring" of the present invention may be a 5-6 atom aromatic ring; in other embodiments, the "3-8 atom aromatic ring" of the present invention may be a 6 atom aromatic ring, i.e., a benzene ring. In some embodiments, a "3-8 atom heteroaromatic ring" described herein can be a 5-6 atom heteroaromatic ring; specific examples include, but are not limited to, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a thiophene ring, a thiazole ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, a pyrazole ring, an imidazole ring, a triazole ring, and the like.

The term "alkanoyl" denotes-C (═ O) -alkyl, wherein the alkyl group has the meaning as described herein, examples of which include, but are not limited to, methylacyl (-C (═ O) CH₃) Ethyl acyl (-C (═ O) CH₂CH₃) And so on.

The term "alkoxyacyl" denotes-C (═ O) -R, wherein R is alkoxy having the meaning as described in the present invention, and such examples include, but are not limited to, methoxyacyl (-C (═ O) OCH₃) Ethoxyacyl (-C (═ O) OCH₂CH₃) And so on.

The term "alkylsulfonyl" denotes-S (═ O)₂-an alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group hasHaving the meaning as described herein, such examples include, but are not limited to, methylsulfonyl (-S (═ O)₂CH₃) Ethylsulfonyl (-S (═ O)₂CH₂CH₃) And so on.

The term "aminosulfonyl" denotes-S (═ O)₂NH₂(ii) a The term "aminoacyl" denotes — C (═ O) NH₂。

The term "pharmaceutically acceptable" refers to molecular entities and compositions that are physiologically tolerable when administered to humans and do not typically produce an allergic or similar untoward reaction, such as gastrointestinal upset, dizziness and the like. Preferably, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable" as used herein refers to those approved by a federal regulatory agency or a state government or listed in the U.S. pharmacopeia or other generally recognized pharmacopeia for use in animals, and more particularly in humans.

The term "carrier" refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient, or matrix with which the compound is administered. Such pharmaceutical carriers can be sterile liquids, such as water and oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin, such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil and the like. Water and aqueous solutions (e.g., saline solution, aqueous dextrose solution, aqueous glycerol solution) are preferably employed as carriers, particularly injectable solutions. Suitable pharmaceutical carriers are described in "Remington's pharmaceutical Sciences" of e.w. martin.

The term "prodrug", as used herein, represents a compound that is converted in vivo to a compound of formula (I). Such conversion is effected by hydrolysis of the prodrug in the blood or by enzymatic conversion to the parent structure in the blood or tissue. The prodrug compound of the invention can be ester, and in the prior invention, the ester can be used as the prodrug and comprises phenyl ester and aliphatic (C)_1-24) Esters, acyloxymethyl esters, carbonates, carbamates and amino acid esters. For example, a compound of the present invention contains a hydroxy group, i.e., it can be acylated to provide the compound in prodrug form. Other prodrug forms include phosphate estersThese phosphate compounds are obtained by phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups on the parent substance. For a complete discussion of prodrugs, reference may be made to the following: T.Higuchi and V.Stella, Pro-drugs as Novel delivery systems, Vol.14of the A.C.S.Symphosium Series, Edward B.Roche, ed., Bioredeployers in Drug designs, American Pharmaceutical Association and PergammonPress, 1987, J.Rautio et al, Prodrug: Design and Clinical Applications, Nature review delivery, 2008,7,255 and 270, S.J.Hecker et al, Prodrugs of pharmaceuticals and phosphates, Journal of chemical Chemistry,2008,51,2328 and 2345.

"metabolite" refers to the product of a particular compound or salt thereof obtained by metabolism in vivo. Metabolites of a compound can be identified by techniques well known in the art, and its activity can be characterized by assay methods as described herein. Such products may be obtained by administering the compound by oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, amidation, deamidation, esterification, defatting, enzymatic cleavage, and the like. Accordingly, the present invention includes metabolites of compounds, including metabolites produced by contacting a compound of the present invention with a mammal for a sufficient period of time.

As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" refers to both organic and inorganic salts of the compounds of the present invention. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known in the art, as are: berge et al, descriptive acceptable salts in detail in J. pharmaceutical Sciences,1977,66:1-19. Pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acid forming salts include, but are not limited to, inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, phosphate, sulfate, perchlorate; organic acid salts such as acetate, oxalate, maleate, tartrate, citrate, succinate, malonate; or by other methods described in the literature, such as ion exchange. Other pharmaceutically acceptable salts include adipates, alginates, ascorbates, aspartates, benzenesulfonates, benzylatesAcid salts, bisulfate salts, borate salts, butyrate salts, camphorate salts, camphorsulfonate salts, cyclopentylpropionate salts, digluconate salts, dodecylsulfate salts, ethanesulfonate salts, formate salts, fumarate salts, glucoheptonate salts, glycerophosphate salts, gluconate salts, hemisulfate salts, heptanoate salts, hexanoate salts, hydroiodide salts, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate salts, lactobionate salts, lactate salts, laurate salts, lauryl sulfate salts, malate salts, methanesulfonate salts, 2-naphthalenesulfonate salts, nicotinate salts, nitrate salts, oleate salts, palmitate salts, pamoate salts, pectate salts, persulfate salts, 3-phenylpropionate salts, picrate salts, pivalate salts, propionate salts, stearate salts, thiocyanate salts, p-toluenesulfonate salts, undecanoate salts, valerate salts, and the like. Salts obtained by reaction with a suitable base include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium and N⁺(C_1-4Alkyl radical)₄A salt. The present invention also contemplates quaternary ammonium salts formed from any compound containing a group of N. Water-soluble or oil-soluble or dispersion products can be obtained by quaternization. Alkali or alkaline earth metals that can form salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts further include suitable, non-toxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium salts and amine cations resistant to formation of counterions, such as halides, hydroxides, carboxylates, sulfates, phosphates, nitrates, C_1-8Sulfonates and aromatic sulfonates.

"solvate" of the present invention refers to an association of one or more solvent molecules with a compound of the present invention. Solvents that form solvates include, but are not limited to, water, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, and aminoethanol. The term "hydrate" refers to an association of solvent molecules that is water.

"ester" in the context of the present invention refers to an in vivo hydrolysable ester formed from a compound containing a hydroxy or carboxy group. Such esters are, for example, pharmaceutically acceptable esters which are hydrolysed in the human or animal body to yield the parent alcohol or acid. The compounds of formula (I) of the present invention contain a carboxyl group and may form in vivo hydrolysable esters with appropriate groups including, but not limited to, alkyl, arylalkyl and the like.

"nitroxide" in the context of the present invention means that when a compound contains several amine functional groups, 1 or more than 1 nitrogen atom can be oxidized to form an N-oxide. Specific examples of N-oxides are N-oxides of tertiary amines or N-oxides of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nitrogen atoms. The corresponding amines can be treated with an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or a peracid (e.g., peroxycarboxylic acid) to form the N-oxide (see Advanced Organic Chemistry, Wiley Interscience, 4 th edition, Jerry March, pages). In particular, the N-oxide may be prepared by the method of L.W.Deady (Syn.Comm.1977,7,509-514) in which an amine compound is reacted with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA), for example, in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

As used herein, the terms "compound of the present invention", "compound described in the present invention" or the like refer to the compound represented by the formula (I) in the present invention.

The term "treating" or "treatment" as used herein refers, in some embodiments, to ameliorating a disease or disorder (i.e., slowing or arresting or reducing the development of the disease or at least one clinical symptom thereof). In other embodiments, "treating" or "treatment" refers to moderating or improving at least one physical parameter, including physical parameters that may not be perceived by the patient. In other embodiments, "treating" or "treatment" refers to modulating the disease or disorder, either physically (e.g., stabilizing a perceptible symptom) or physiologically (e.g., stabilizing a parameter of the body), or both. In other embodiments, "treating" or "treatment" refers to preventing or delaying the onset, occurrence, or worsening of a disease or disorder.

Any formulae given herein are also intended to represent the non-isotopically enriched forms as well as the isotopically enriched forms of these compounds. Isotopically enriched compounds have the structure depicted by the formulae given herein, except that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having a selected atomic mass or mass number. Exemplary isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention include hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and,Isotopes of oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine and chlorine, e.g.²H，³H，¹¹C，¹³C，¹⁴C，¹⁵N，¹⁷O，¹⁸O，¹⁸F，³¹P，³²P，³⁵S，³⁶Cl and¹²⁵I。

in another aspect, the compounds of the invention include isotopically enriched compounds as defined herein, e.g. wherein a radioisotope, e.g. is present³H，¹⁴C and¹⁸those compounds of F, or in which a non-radioactive isotope is present, e.g.²H and¹³C. the isotopically enriched compounds can be used for metabolic studies (use)¹⁴C) Reaction kinetics study (using, for example²H or³H) Detection or imaging techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) including drug or substrate tissue distribution determination, or may be used in radiotherapy of a patient.¹⁸F-enriched compounds are particularly desirable for PET or SPECT studies. Isotopically enriched compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by the procedures and examples described in the present specification using a suitable isotopically labelled reagent in place of the original used unlabelled reagent.

In addition, heavier isotopes are, in particular, deuterium (i.e.,²substitution of H or D) may provide certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability. For example, increased in vivo half-life or decreased dosage requirements or improved therapeutic index. It is to be understood that deuterium in the present invention is to be considered as a substituent of the compound of formula (I). The concentration of such heavier isotopes, particularly deuterium, can be defined by isotopic enrichment factors. The term "isotopic enrichment factor" as used herein refers to the ratio between the isotopic and natural abundance of a given isotope. If a substituent of a compound of the invention is designated as deuterium, the compound has, for each designated deuterium atom, at least 3500 (52.5% deuterium incorporation at each designated deuterium atom), at least 4000 (60% deuterium incorporation), at least4500 (67.5% deuterium incorporation), at least 5000 (75% deuterium incorporation), at least 5500 (82.5% deuterium incorporation), at least 6000 (90% deuterium incorporation), at least 6333.3 (95% deuterium incorporation), at least 6466.7 (97% deuterium incorporation), at least 6600 (99% deuterium incorporation), or at least 6633.3 (99.5% deuterium incorporation). Pharmaceutically acceptable solvates of the invention include those in which the crystallization solvent may be isotopically substituted, e.g. D₂O, acetone-d₆、DMSO-d₆Those solvates of (a).

Unless otherwise indicated, all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the invention are included within the scope of the invention. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the structural formulae of the compounds described herein include isotopically enriched concentrations of one or more different atoms.

Abbreviations for any protecting groups, amino acids and other compounds used in the present invention are based on their commonly used, accepted abbreviations unless otherwise indicated, or refer to IUPAC-IUBCommission on biochemical nomenclature (see biochem.1972, 11: 942-944).

The compounds of the present invention competitively antagonize aldosterone receptors (MR) and thus they may be useful agents for the treatment and prevention of conditions associated with elevated aldosterone levels.

The invention comprises the use of the compounds of the invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical product for the treatment of disorders related to mineralocorticoid receptors or aldosterone in a patient, including those disorders described herein. The present invention encompasses pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amounts of a compound represented by formula (I) in combination with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent, adjuvant, vehicle.

Unless otherwise indicated, all hydrates, solvates and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

In particular, the salts are pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable" includes substances or compositions which must be compatible with chemical or toxicological considerations, in connection with the other ingredients comprising the formulation and the mammal being treated.

Salts of the compounds of the present invention also include, but are not necessarily pharmaceutically acceptable salts of intermediates used in the preparation or purification of the compounds of formula (I) or isolated enantiomers of the compounds of formula (I).

Salts of the compounds of the present invention may be prepared by any suitable method provided in the literature, for example, using inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, nitric and phosphoric acids and the like, or using organic acids such as acetic, maleic, succinic, mandelic, fumaric, malonic, pyruvic, oxalic, glycolic and salicylic acids, pyranonic acids such as glucuronic and galacturonic acids, α -hydroxy acids such as citric and tartaric acids, amino acids such as aspartic and glutamic acids, aromatic acids such as benzoic and cinnamic acids, sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic, ethanesulfonic acid, and the like.

The biological activity of the compounds of the present invention can be assessed by using any conventionally known method. Suitable detection methods are well known in the art. For example, the compounds of the present invention can be tested for MR antagonistic activity, pharmacokinetic activity, and/or stability of liver microsomes, etc. by an appropriate conventional method. The detection methods provided by the present invention are presented by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The compounds of the invention are active in at least one of the detection methods provided herein.

Pharmaceutical compositions, formulations, administration and uses of the compounds of the invention

In another aspect, the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention feature phenyl-substituted fused tricyclic compounds of formula (I), compounds listed in the present invention, or the compounds of examples 1-3, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle. The amount of compound in the compositions of the present invention is effective to treat or alleviate a mineralocorticoid receptor or aldosterone-related disorder in a subject.

As described herein, the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions of the present invention further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or excipient, as used herein, including any solvent, diluent, or other liquid excipient, dispersant or suspending agent, surfactant, isotonic agent, thickening agent, emulsifier, preservative, solid binder or lubricant, and the like, as appropriate for the particular target dosage form. As described in the following documents: in Remington, The Science and practice of Pharmacy,21st edition,2005, ed.D.B.Troy, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, and Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, eds.J.Swarbrickand J.C.Boylan, 1988. Annu 1999, Marcel Dekker, New York, taken together with The disclosure of The references herein, indicate that different carriers can be used In The preparation of pharmaceutically acceptable compositions and their well-known methods of preparation. Except insofar as any conventional carrier vehicle is incompatible with the compounds of the invention, e.g., any adverse biological effect produced or interaction in a deleterious manner with any other component of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition, its use is contemplated by the present invention.

Substances which may serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins, such as human serum albumin, buffer substances such as phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids, water, salts or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylates, waxes, polyethylene-polyoxypropylene-blocking polymers, lanolin, sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; gum powder; malt; gelatin; talc powder; adjuvants such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; glycols, such as propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol; esters such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; agar; buffering agents such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; alginic acid; pyrogen-free water; isotonic salt; ringer's solution; ethanol, phosphate buffered solutions, and other non-toxic suitable lubricants such as sodium lauryl sulfate and magnesium stearate, coloring agents, releasing agents, coating materials, sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents, preservatives and antioxidants.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered directly or in the form of pharmaceutical compositions or medicaments, together with suitable carriers or excipients, as is well known in the art. The methods of treatment of the present invention may comprise administering to a subject in need thereof an effective compound of the present invention. In some embodiments, the subject is a mammalian subject, and in some preferred embodiments, the subject is a human subject.

Effective amounts of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions or medicaments of the present invention can be readily determined by routine experimentation, as can the most effective and convenient route of administration and the most appropriate formulation.

Pharmaceutical dosage forms of the compounds of the invention may be provided in the form of immediate release, controlled release, sustained release or targeted drug release systems. For example, common dosage forms include solutions and suspensions, (micro) emulsions, ointments, gels and patches, liposomes, tablets, dragees, soft or hard shell capsules, suppositories, ovules, implants, amorphous or crystalline powders, aerosols and freeze-dried preparations. Depending on the route of administration used, Special devices may be required to administer or administer the drug, such as syringes and needles, inhalers, pumps, injection pens, applicators or Special bottles (Special flash). Pharmaceutical dosage forms often consist of a drug, excipients, and a container/closure system. One or more excipients (also known as inactive ingredients) may be added to the compounds of the present invention to improve or facilitate the manufacture, stability, administration, and safety of the drug, and may provide a means to obtain the desired drug release profile. Thus, the type of excipient added to a drug may depend on various factors, such as the physical and chemical properties of the drug, the route of administration, and the preparation steps. Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients exist in the art and include those listed in various pharmacopoeias. (see U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP), Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP) and British Pharmacopoeia (BP)), the United states food and Drug Administration (the U.S. food and Drug Administration, www.fda.gov) Drug Evaluation and Research Center (CEDR) publications, such as "Guide for inactive ingredients" (Ingredient Guide,1996), Ash and Ash written "Handbook of pharmaceutical Additives (2002, United states Information Resources, Inc.; ethics).

Pharmaceutical dosage forms of the compounds of the invention may be manufactured by any of the methods well known in the art, for example, by means of conventional mixing, sieving, dissolving, melting, granulating, dragee-making, tabletting, suspending, extruding, spray-drying, grinding, emulsifying, (nano/micro) encapsulating, coating or lyophilizing processes. As noted above, the compositions of the present invention may include one or more physiologically acceptable inactive ingredients that facilitate processing of the active molecule into a formulation for pharmaceutical use.

Appropriate formulations will depend on the desired route of administration. For example, for intravenous injection, the compositions may be formulated in aqueous solution, with physiologically compatible buffers, if necessary, including, for example, phosphate, histidine or citrate for adjusting the pH of the formulation, and tonicity agents such as sodium chloride or dextrose. For transmucosal or nasal administration, a semi-solid, liquid formulation or patch, possibly containing a penetration enhancer, may be preferred; such penetrants are generally known in the art. For oral administration, the compounds may be formulated in liquid or solid dosage forms and as immediate release or controlled/sustained release formulations. Suitable dosage forms for oral ingestion by a subject include tablets, pills, dragees, hard and soft shell capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions and emulsions. The compounds may also be formulated in rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, e.g., containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.

Solid oral dosage forms can be obtained using excipients which include fillers, disintegrants, binders (dry and wet), dissolution retardants, lubricants, glidants, anti-adherents, cationic exchange resins, wetting agents, antioxidants, preservatives, coloring and flavoring agents. These excipients may be of synthetic or natural origin. Examples of such excipients include cellulose derivatives, citric acid, dicalcium phosphate, gelatin, magnesium carbonate, magnesium/sodium lauryl sulfate, mannitol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, silicates, silica, sodium benzoate, sorbitol, starch, stearic acid or salts thereof, sugars (i.e., dextrose, sucrose, lactose, etc.), talc, tragacanth mucilage (tragacanth mucilage), vegetable oils (hydrogenated), and waxes. Ethanol and water may be used as granulation aids. In some cases, it is desirable to coat the tablets with, for example, a taste-masking film, a gastric acid-resistant film, or a delayed-release film. Natural and synthetic polymers are often used to coat tablets in combination with colorants, sugars, and organic solvents or water to produce dragees. Where capsules are preferred over tablets, the pharmaceutical powders, suspensions or solutions may be delivered in the form of compatible hard or soft shell capsules.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the present invention may be administered topically, e.g. by means of a skin patch, a semi-solid or liquid formulation, such as a gel, (micro) emulsion, ointment, solution, (nano/micro) suspension or foam. Skin and underlying tissue penetration of the drug may be regulated by: for example, the use of penetration enhancers; using appropriate selection and combination of lipophilic, hydrophilic and amphiphilic excipients, including water, organic solvents, waxes, oils, synthetic and natural polymers, surfactants, emulsifiers; by adjusting the pH value; and the use of complexing agents. Other techniques, such as iontophoresis (ionophoresi), may also be used to modulate skin permeation of the compounds of the present invention. Transdermal or topical administration will be preferred, for example, in situations where topical administration with minimal systemic exposure is desired.

For administration by inhalation or nasal administration, the compounds for use according to the invention are conveniently administered from pressurized packs or nebulizers in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions or semi-solid aerosols, usually with the aid of propellants, such as halocarbons derived from methane and ethane, carbon dioxide or any other suitable gas. For topical aerosols, hydrocarbons such as butane, isobutene and pentane are suitable. In the case of a pressurized aerosol, the appropriate dosage unit can be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered dose. Capsules and cartridges of, for example, gelatin may be formulated for use in an inhaler or insufflator. These generally comprise a powder mix of the compound with a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.

Compositions formulated for parenteral administration by injection are generally sterile and may be presented in unit dosage form, for example, in ampoules, syringes, injection pens, or multi-dose containers, the latter typically containing a preservative. The compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions, or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain formulatory agents such as buffers, tonicity agents, viscosity enhancing agents, surfactants, suspending and dispersing agents, antioxidants, biocompatible polymers, chelating agents, and preservatives. Depending on the injection site, the carrier may contain water, synthetic or vegetable oils and/or organic co-solvents. In some cases, e.g., for lyophilized products or concentrates, the parenteral formulation will be reconstituted or diluted prior to administration. Depot formulations (depot formulations) that provide controlled or sustained release of the compounds of the invention may include injectable suspensions of nano/micron sized particles or nano/micron sized or non-micronized crystals. Other well known matrices in the art, polymers such as poly (lactic acid), poly (glycolic acid) or copolymers thereof, may be used as the controlled/sustained release matrix. Other depot type (depot) delivery systems may be provided in the form of implants and pumps requiring incisions.

Suitable carriers for the compounds of the invention for intravenous injection are well known in the art and include aqueous based solutions containing a base (e.g., sodium hydroxide) for forming the ionic compound; sucrose or sodium chloride as tonicity agent; such as a buffer containing phosphate or histidine. A co-solvent such as polyethylene glycol may be added. These water-based systems are effective in dissolving the compounds of the present invention and produce low toxicity after systemic administration. The proportions of the components of the solution system can be varied considerably without destroying the solubility and toxicity characteristics. In addition, the nature of the components may be varied. For example, low toxicity surfactants such as polysorbates or poloxamers (poloxamers) may be used, polyethylene glycols or other co-solvents may be used, biocompatible polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone may be added, and other sugars and polyols may be used in place of dextrose.

The compounds of the invention may act systemically and/or locally. They may be administered in a suitable manner, for example, by oral administration, parenteral administration, pulmonary administration, nasal administration, sublingual administration, lingual administration, buccal administration, rectal administration, dermal administration, transdermal administration, conjunctival administration, ear canal administration or administration as a graft or stent. The compounds of the invention are preferably administered orally or parenterally.

Suitable modes of administration for oral administration are as follows: modes of administration for the rapid release and/or release in an improved way of action according to the prior art of the compounds of the invention, which comprise the compounds of the invention in crystalline and/or amorphous and/or dissolved form, for example tablets (uncoated tablets or tablets coated, for example, with a gastric juice-resistant or dissolution-delaying or insoluble coating which controls the release of the compounds of the invention), tablets or films/wafers which disintegrate rapidly in the oral cavity, films/lyophilisates, capsules (for example hard or soft capsules), sugar-coated tablets, granules, pills, powders, emulsions, suspensions, aerosols or solutions.

Parenteral administration may bypass the absorption step (e.g., intravenous, intraarterial, cardiac, intraspinal or lumbar) or include absorption (e.g., intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, transdermal or intraperitoneal). Administration forms suitable for parenteral administration include preparations for injection and infusion in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilisates or sterile powders.

For other routes of administration, suitable examples are pharmaceutical forms for inhalation (including powder inhalers, nebulizers), nasal drops, solutions or sprays, tablets for lingual, sublingual or buccal administration, films/sheets or capsules, suppositories, otic or ophthalmic preparations, vaginal capsules, aqueous suspensions (lotions, concussors), lipophilic suspensions, ointments, creams, transdermal therapeutic systems (e.g. patches), emulsions (Milch), pastes, foams, spray powders, implants or stents.

A therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention should be present in the above-described pharmaceutical formulations at a concentration of about 0.1 to 99.5%, preferably about 0.5 to 95% by weight of the total mixture.

The above pharmaceutical preparations may contain other pharmaceutically active ingredients in addition to the compound of the present invention.

The therapeutically effective dose can first be estimated using various methods well known in the art. The initial dose for animal studies can be based on the effective concentration established in cell culture assays. Dosage ranges suitable for human individuals can be determined, for example, using data obtained from animal studies and cell culture assays. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present invention may be prepared as medicaments for oral administration. An exemplary dose of the compounds of the invention in a medicament for oral administration is from about 0.01 to about 100mg/kg (where kg denotes the body weight of the subject). In some embodiments, the agent comprises from about 0.01 to about 20mg/kg (where kg represents the weight of the subject), or optionally from about 0.01 to about 10mg/kg (where kg represents the weight of the subject), or optionally from about 0.01 to about 5.0mg/kg (where kg represents the weight of the subject). In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present invention are administered parenterally in an effective dose of about 0.001-1mg/kg, preferably about 0.01-0.5mg/kg body weight.

The dosing regimen for a medicament typically for oral administration is three times a week, twice a week, once a week, three times a day, twice a day, or once a day. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present invention are administered as the active ingredient in a total amount of about 0.001 to about 50, preferably 0.001 to 10mg/kg body weight per 24 hours, optionally in the form of multiple single doses, in order to achieve the desired result. A single dose may preferably contain a compound of the invention in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 30, especially from 0.001 to 3mg/kg body weight.

An effective or therapeutically effective amount or dose of an agent (e.g., a compound of the invention) refers to the amount of the agent or compound that causes improvement in the symptoms or prolongation of survival of the individual. Toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the molecules can be determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures in cell cultures or experimental animals, e.g., by determining LD₅₀(dose lethal to 50% of the population) and ED₅₀(a dose therapeutically effective for 50% of the population). The dose ratio of toxic to therapeutic effects is the therapeutic index, which can be expressed as LD₅₀/ED₅₀. Agents that exhibit high therapeutic indices are preferred.

An effective or therapeutically effective amount is that amount of the compound or pharmaceutical composition that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician. The dosage is preferably selected to include an ED with minimal or no toxicity₅₀In the circulating concentration range of (c). The dosage may vary within this range depending upon the dosage form employed and/or the route of administration utilized. The correct formulation, route of administration, dosage and time between administrations should be selected according to methods known in the art, taking into account the specificity of the individual condition.

The dose and interval may be adjusted individually to provide plasma levels of the active moiety sufficient to achieve the desired effect; i.e. the Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC). The MEC for each compound will vary, but can be estimated, for example, from in vitro (in vitro) data and animal experiments. The dosage necessary to obtain MEC will depend on the individual characteristics and route of administration. In the case of topical administration or selective uptake, the effective local concentration of the drug may not be related to the plasma concentration.

The amount of the agent or composition administered can depend on a variety of factors, including the sex, age and weight of the subject being treated, the severity of the affliction, the mode of administration and the judgment of the prescribing physician.

The compositions of the present invention may be provided in a pack or dispenser device containing one or more unit dosage forms containing the active ingredient, as desired. For example, the package or device may comprise a metal or plastic foil (such as a blister pack) or glass and rubber stopper. The packaging or dispensing device may be accompanied by instructions for administration. Compositions comprising a compound of the invention formulated in a compatible pharmaceutical carrier may also be prepared, placed in an appropriate container, and labeled for treatment of a specified condition.

The compounds of the invention may be used alone or, if desired, in combination with other active compounds. The invention also provides a combination comprising at least one compound according to the invention and one or more further active substances, in particular medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the diseases described herein.

The compounds of the invention act as antagonists of the mineralocorticoid receptor and show an unpredictable range of valuable pharmacological effects. They are therefore suitable as medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases in humans and animals.

The compounds of the invention are suitable for the prevention and/or treatment of various disorders and disease-related conditions, in particular disorders which are characterized by an elevated plasma aldosterone concentration or a change in plasma aldosterone concentration relative to plasma renin concentration, or disorders associated with such changes. Examples which may be mentioned are: idiopathic primary hyperaldosteronism, hyperaldosteronism associated with adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal adenoma and/or adrenal carcinoma, hyperaldosteronism associated with liver cirrhosis, hyperaldosteronism associated with heart failure, and (relative) hyperaldosteronism associated with primary hypertension.

Due to its mechanism of action, the compounds of the invention are also suitable for preventing sudden cardiac death in patients at increased risk of dying from sudden cardiac death. These are in particular patients suffering from one of the following conditions: primary and secondary hypertension, hypertensive heart disease with or without congestive heart failure, hypertension against therapy, acute and chronic heart failure, coronary heart disease, stable and unstable angina, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital primary cardiomyopathy (such as Bmgada syndrome), cardiomyopathy induced by south american trypanosomiasis, shock, arteriosclerosis, atrial and ventricular disorders of heart rhythm, transient and ischemic attacks, stroke, inflammatory cardiovascular disorders, peripheral and cardiovascular disorders, peripheral blood flow disturbances, arterial occlusive diseases such as intermittent claudication, asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, cardiac hypertrophy change, pulmonary hypertension, coronary and peripheral arterial spasm, thrombosis, thromboembolic disorders and vasculitis.

The compounds of the invention may additionally be used for the prevention and/or treatment of oedema formation, for example pulmonary oedema, nephrogenic oedema or heart failure associated floating lungs, and restenosis, such as following thrombolytic therapy, Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA) and coronary angioplasty (PTCA), heart transplantation and bypass procedures.

The compounds of the invention are further suitable for use as potassium-poor diuretics and for the treatment of electrolyte disorders such as hypercalcemia, hypernatremia or hypokalemia.

The compounds of the invention are likewise suitable for the treatment of renal disorders such as acute and chronic renal failure, hypertensive nephropathy, arteriosclerotic nephritis (chronic and interstitial), nephrosclerosis, chronic renal failure and bladder renal disorders, for the prevention of renal injury (for example caused by immunosuppressive agents of cyclosporin a associated with organ transplantation) and for kidney cancer.

The compounds of the invention can additionally be used for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diabetes and of the sequelae thereof, such as nephropathy.

The compounds of the invention may further be used for the prevention and/or treatment of microalbuminuria, e.g. caused by diabetes or hypertension, and proteinuria.

The compounds of the invention are also suitable for the prevention and/or treatment of conditions associated with an increased plasma glucocorticoid concentration or with a local increase in the glucocorticoid concentration in tissues, such as the heart. Examples of skin mention are: adrenal dysfunction leading to glucocorticoid overproduction (cushing's syndrome), adrenal cortical tumors leading to glucocorticoid overproduction, and pituitary tumors, which spontaneously produce ACTH (corticotropin) and thus adrenal hyperplasia and, as a result, cushing's disease.

The compounds of the invention may additionally be used for the prevention and/or treatment of obesity, metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea.

The compounds of the invention can further be used for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory disorders which are caused, for example, by viruses, spirochetes, fungi, bacteria or mycobacteria, and inflammatory disorders of unknown etiology, such as polyarthritis, lupus erythematosus, periarthritic or polyarteritis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma and sarcoidosis.

The compounds of the invention may further be useful in the treatment of central nervous disorders such as adhibition, anxiety states and chronic pain, in particular migraine, and in neurodegenerative disorders such as alzheimer's disease and parkinson's syndrome.

The compounds of the invention are also suitable for the prevention and/or treatment of vascular damage, for example after procedures such as Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA), stent grafting, coronary transluminal angiography, reocclusion or restenosis after bypass procedures, and for endothelial dysfunction, for raynaud's disease, for thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's syndrome) and for tinnitus syndrome.

The compounds of the invention may be used alone or, if desired, in combination with other active ingredients. The invention further relates to medicaments comprising at least one compound according to the invention and one or more further active ingredients, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the abovementioned conditions. Suitable active ingredients for the combination are for example and preferably:

active ingredients which lower blood pressure, such as and preferably selected from calcium antagonists, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, ACE inhibitors, endothelin antagonists, renin inhibitors, α -receptor blockers, β -renin-receptor blockers and Rho- (Rho-) kinase inhibitors;

diuretics, particularly loop diuretics, thiazine and thiazine-like diuretics;

an agent having an antithrombotic effect, for example and preferably selected from platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulants or plasminogen substances;

active ingredients which alter lipid metabolism, such as, and preferably selected from, thyroid receptor agonists, cholesterol synthesis inhibitors such as, and preferably, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or squalene synthesis inhibitors, ACAT inhibitors, CETP inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, PPAR- α -gamma and/or PPAR-delta agonists, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, lipase inhibitors, polymeric bile adsorbents, bile acid resorption inhibitors and lipoprotein (a) antagonists;

organic nitrates and NO donors such as sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, molsidomine or SIN-1, and inhaled NO;

compounds with positive inotropic action, for example cardiac glycosides (digoxin), β -adrenergic and dopaminergic agonists such as isoproterenol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and dobutamine;

compounds which inhibit the breakdown of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and/or cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), for example Phosphodiesterase (PDE)1, 2,3, 4 and/or 5 inhibitors, in particular PDE5 inhibitors such as sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil, and PDE3 inhibitors such as amrinone and milrinone;

natriuretic peptides such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP, anaritide), type B natriuretic peptide or brain natriuretic peptide (BNP, nesiritide), type C Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) and vasodilator;

calcium sensitizers such as and preferably levosimendan;

NO-independent but heme-dependent guanylate cyclase stimulators, such as the compounds described in WO 00/06568, WO00/06569, WO02/42301 and WO03/095451, respectively;

NO-and heme-independent guanylate cyclase activators, such as in particular the compounds described in WO 01/19355, WO 01/19776, WO 01/19778, WO 01/19780, WO 02/070462 and WO 02/070510;

inhibitors of Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE), such as cevelsitol or DX-890 (relan);

compounds which inhibit the signal transduction cascade, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, specifically sorafenib, imatinib, Gefitinib (Gefitinib) and Erlotinib (Erlotinib); and/or

A compound that affects cardiac energy metabolism, such as etomoxider, dichloroacetate, ranolazine or trimetazidine.

The compounds of the present invention may also be administered in combination with other active ingredients as described above. For example, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds of the invention are administered in combination with a diuretic such as, and preferably, triamcinolone, bumetanide, torsemide, bendroflumethiazide, cloresthiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, methyclothiazide, polythiazide, trichlorthiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, metolazone, quinethazone, acetazolamide, dichloratadine, methazolamide, glycerol, isosorbide, mannitol, amiloride or triamterene.

General synthetic procedure

In this specification, a structure is dominant if there is any difference between the chemical name and the chemical structure.

In general, the compounds of the present invention may be prepared by the methods described herein, wherein the substituents are as defined in formula (I), unless otherwise indicated. The following reaction schemes and examples serve to further illustrate the context of the invention.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that: the chemical reactions described herein may be used to suitably prepare other compounds of the invention, and other methods for preparing compounds of the invention are considered to be within the scope of the invention. For example, the synthesis of those non-exemplified compounds according to the present invention can be successfully accomplished by those skilled in the art by modification, such as appropriate protection of interfering groups, by the use of other known reagents in addition to those described herein, or by some routine modification of reaction conditions. In addition, the reactions disclosed herein or known reaction conditions are also recognized as being applicable to the preparation of other compounds of the present invention.

In the examples described below, all temperatures are given in degrees celsius unless otherwise indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, reagents were purchased from commercial suppliers such as Aldrich Chemical Company, Arco Chemical Company and dAlfa Chemical Company and used without further purification; general reagents were purchased from Shantou Wen Long chemical reagent factory, Guangdong Guanghua chemical reagent factory, Guangzhou chemical reagent factory, Tianjin HaoLiyu Chemicals Co., Ltd, Qingdao Tenglong chemical reagent Co., Ltd, and Qingdao Kaseiki chemical plant.

The anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene and ether are obtained through reflux drying of metal sodium. The anhydrous dichloromethane and chloroform are obtained by calcium hydride reflux drying. Ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, N-hexane, N, N-dimethylacetamide and N, N-dimethylformamide were used as they were previously dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.

The following reactions are generally carried out under positive pressure of nitrogen or argon or by sleeving a dry tube over an anhydrous solvent (unless otherwise indicated), the reaction vial being stoppered with a suitable rubber stopper and the substrate being injected by syringe. Glassware was dried.

The column chromatography is performed using a silica gel column. Silica gel (300 and 400 meshes) was purchased from Qingdao oceanic chemical plants. NMR spectral data were measured by Bruker Avance 400 NMR spectrometer or Bruker Avance III HD 600 NMR spectrometer, CDC1₃,DMSO-d₆,CD₃OD or Acetone-d₆As solvent (reported in ppm) TMS (0ppm) or chloroform (7.25ppm) was used as reference standard. When multiple peaks occur, the following abbreviations will be used: s (singleton, singlet), d (doublet ), t (triplet, triplet), m (multiplet ), q (quatet, quartet), br (broadpede, broad), dd (doublet of doublets, doublet), dt (doublet of triplets, doublet), dq (doublet of quatts, doublet), ddd (doublet of doublet of doublets, doublet of doublets), ddt (doublet of doublet of triplets, doublet of doublet), dddd (doublet of doublet). Coupling constants are expressed in hertz (Hz).

Low resolution Mass Spectral (MS) data were measured by an Agilent 6320 series LC-MS spectrometer equipped with a G1312A binary pump and a G1316A TCC (column temperature maintained at 30 ℃), a G1329A autosampler and a G1315B DAD detector were applied for analysis, and an ESI source was applied to the LC-MS spectrometer.

Low resolution Mass Spectral (MS) data were determined by Agilent 6120 series LC-MS spectrometer equipped with a G1311A quaternary pump and a G1316A TCC (column temperature maintained at 30 ℃), a G1329A autosampler and a G1315D DAD detector were used for analysis, and an ESI source was used for the LC-MS spectrometer.

Both spectrometers were equipped with an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column, 2.1X 30mm, 5 μm. The injection volume is determined by the sample concentration; the flow rate is 0.6 mL/min; peaks of HPLC were recorded by UV-Vis wavelength at 210nm and 254 nm. The mobile phases were 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (phase a) and 0.1% formic acid in ultrapure water (phase B). Gradient elution conditions are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 gradient elution conditions for low resolution mass spectrometry mobile phase

Time (min)	A(CH₃CN，0.1％HCOOH)	B(H₂O,0.1％HCOOH)
			0-3	5-100	95-0
3-6	100	0
			6-6.1	100-5	0-95
6.1-8	5	95

The following acronyms are used throughout the invention:

DMSO-d₆deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide; g, g; mg; mol; mmol millimole; mL; microliter of μ L

The following reaction scheme describes the steps for preparing the compounds disclosed herein. Wherein, unless otherwise indicated, R¹、R²、R³、R⁴、R⁶、R⁷、R⁸、R^aAnd n have the meaning as described in the present invention.

Reaction scheme

Reaction scheme 1

Compounds I-A can be prepared by the methods described in scheme 1. The amino compound A-I, the substituted 4-cyanobenzaldehyde compound A-iii and the substituted cyano sodium vinyl alcohol compound A-ii react under the action of acid to obtain the tricyclic compound I-A.

Reaction scheme 2

The compounds of formula I-B can be prepared by the methods described in scheme 2. The substituted 4-cyanobenzaldehyde compound A-iii reacts with ester B-I to obtain a compound B-ii, then reacts with amino compound A-I under the action of acid to obtain a compound B-iii, and then the compound B-iii undergoes catalytic hydrogenation reaction and amination reaction in sequence to obtain an amide compound I-B.

The following examples may further illustrate the present invention, however, these examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Example 11- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carbonitrile

Step 1) 3-methylnaphthalen-2-amine

Adding 3-amino-2-naphthoic acid (4.0g,21mmol) and xylene (150mL) into a 500mL double-neck flask, dropwise adding sodium dihydrobis (2-methoxyethoxy) aluminate (45mL,161.4mmol) at 0 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 150 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours after adding, then cooling to room temperature, dropwise adding sodium dihydrobis (2-methoxyethoxy) aluminate (14mL,50.22mmol), heating to 150 ℃ again, and stirring for 16 hours. Cooled to 0 ℃, quenched with 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide (80mL), filtered through celite, the filtrate was separated, and the organic phase was washed with 1mol/L aqueous potassium hydroxide (100mL) and saturated brine (100mL) in that order and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Suction filtration was performed, the solvent was evaporated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 15/1) to give a brown solid (2.06g, 61%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:158.2(M+1).

Step 2) sodium 1-cyanoprop-3-en-2-olate

In a 50mL two-necked flask, sodium hydroxide (0.24g,6.0mmol) and anhydrous methanol (10mL) were added, and 5-methylisoxazole (0.49mL,6.0mmol) was added dropwise at 30 ℃ and then stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was evaporated, the residue washed with ether (80mL), filtered with suction and the filter cake dried in vacuo to give a white solid (0.57g, 90%).

Step 3)1- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carbonitrile

A50 mL two-necked flask was charged with 4-cyano-2-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.050g,0.31mmol) and isopropanol (4mL), and further added with sodium 1-cyanoprop-3-en-2-olate (0.033g,0.31mmol), 3-methylnaphthalen-2-amine (0.049g,0.31mmol) and acetic acid (0.027mL,0.47mmol), and then heated to reflux overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (40mL), washed with water (40mL) and saturated brine (40mL), and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Suction filtration was performed, the solvent was evaporated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 3/1) to give a yellow solid (0.062g, 55%)

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:364.2(M-1)；

¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ(ppm)7.73–7.66(m,1H),7.61(s,1H),7.58–7.51(m,1H),7.36–7.30(m,2H),7.19(s,1H),7.04(d,J＝7.9Hz,1H),6.86(d,J＝7.9Hz,1H),6.27(s,1H),6.10(s,1H),4.10(s,3H),2.51(s,3H),2.27(s,3H).

Example 21- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carboxamide

Step 1) benzyl 2- (4-cyano-2-methoxybenzylidene) -3-oxobutanoate

In a 250mL single-neck flask were added 4-cyano-2-methoxybenzaldehyde (8.50g,52.7mmol), benzyl acetylacetonate (10.1g,52.5mmol) and dichloromethane (100mL), followed by piperidine (0.97mL,11mmol) and acetic acid (0.60mL,10mmol), and then refluxed over water overnight. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 20/1) to give a pale yellow solid (10.31g, 58.3%).

Step 2) benzyl 1- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carboxylate

Benzyl 2- (4-cyano-2-methoxybenzylidene) -3-oxobutanoate (0.85g,2.5mmol), 3-methylnaphthalen-2-amine (0.40g,2.5mmol) and glacial acetic acid (5mL) were added to a 50mL two-necked flask and allowed to react at 100 ℃ for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent was evaporated, ethyl acetate (60mL) was added, and the mixture was washed with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (50mL) and saturated brine (50mL) in that order, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under suction, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 10/1) to give a pale yellow solid (0.19g, 16%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:475.2(M+1).

Step 3)1- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carboxylic acid

In a 50mL one-necked flask, benzyl 1- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carboxylate (0.12g,0.25mmol), 10% palladium on carbon (0.20g), and methanol (15mL) were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. Suction filtration and spin-drying of the filtrate gave a pale yellow solid (0.073g, 75%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:385.2(M+1).

Step 4)1- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carboxamide

1- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -3, 5-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydrobenzo [ f ] quinoline-2-carboxylic acid (0.071g,0.18mmol), ammonium chloride (0.020g,0.37mmol) and N, N-dimethylformamide (6mL) were added to a 50mL single-neck flask, cooled to 0 deg.C, 2- (7-azobenzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (0.11g,0.29mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (0.092mL,0.56mmol) were added, warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. Water was added thereto, extraction was carried out with ethyl acetate (20 mL. times.2), and the organic phases were combined, washed with water (50mL) and saturated brine (50mL) in this order, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Suction filtration was performed, the solvent was evaporated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (dichloromethane/methanol (v/v) ═ 60/1) to give a pale yellow solid (0.028g, 40%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:384.2(M+1).

¹H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d₆)δ(ppm)7.77(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),7.62(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),7.53(s,1H),7.49(s,1H),7.40(s,1H),7.35–7.24(m,2H),7.14(dd,J＝14.4,7.5Hz,2H),7.05(d,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.60(d,J＝4.1Hz,1H),5.85(d,J＝4.0Hz,1H),3.90(s,3H),2.39(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).

Example 39- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -5, 7-dimethyl-6, 9-dihydrothieno [3,2-f ] quinoline-8-carbonitrile

Step 1) 2-bromo-4-methyl-5-nitrobenzaldehyde

Concentrated sulfuric acid (15mL) was added to a 50mL two-necked flask, and 2-bromo-4-methylbenzaldehyde (3.00g,15.1mmol) was added dropwise at 5 deg.C, followed by concentrated nitric acid (1.9mL,66 mass%) dropwise, and stirring was continued for 30 minutes. Poured into ice water, extracted with ethyl acetate (90 mL. times.2), and the organic phases were combined, washed successively with water (100 mL. times.2) and saturated brine (100mL), and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated by suction filtration, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 50/1) to give a pale yellow solid (2.24g, 60.9%).

Step 2) 6-methyl-5-nitrobenzo [ b ] thiophene-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

In a 100mL two-necked flask, ethanol (40mL) was added, sodium metal (0.25g,11mmol) was added under nitrogen, and after stirring for 20 minutes, ethyl thioglycolate (1.21mL,11.0mmol) was added at 5 deg.C, and after stirring for 30 minutes, 2-bromo-4-methyl-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (2.70g,11.1mmol) was added, followed by heating to reflux for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent was evaporated, and methylene chloride (100mL) was added to the residue, which was then washed with water (100mL) and saturated brine (100mL) in that order, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Suction filtration, evaporation of the solvent and vacuum drying gave a pale yellow solid (2.93g, 99.8%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:265.9(M+1).

Step 3) 6-methyl-5-nitrobenzo [ b ] thiophene-2-carboxylic acid

In a 100mL single-necked flask were added ethyl 6-methyl-5-nitrobenzo [ b ] thiophene-2-carboxylate (2.93g,11.0mmol), ethanol (40mL), and water (24mL), followed by sodium hydroxide (1.77g,44.3mmol), and the mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours. The organic solvent was evaporated, diluted with water, adjusted to pH 3 with 2mol/L hydrochloric acid, filtered with suction, washed with water and the filter cake was dried under vacuum to give a yellow solid (2.42g, 92.4%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:236.0(M-1).

Step 4) 6-methyl-5-nitrobenzo [ b ] thiophene

6-methyl-5-nitrobenzo [ b ] thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (2.30g,9.70mmol), copper powder (1.23g,19.4mmol) and quinoline (20mL) were added to a 50mL single-neck flask and heated to 190 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with methyl t-butyl ether (100mL), washed with 5mol/L hydrochloric acid (80 mL. times.2), water (90mL) and saturated brine (90mL) in this order, and the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 100/1) to give a white solid (1.72g, 91.8%).

Step 5) 6-methylbenzo [ b ] thiophene-5-amino

6-methyl-5-nitrobenzo [ b ] thiophene (0.20g,1.0mmol) and methanol (10mL) were added to a 50mL single-neck flask, followed by palladium on carbon (0.050g,10 mass%) and stirring at room temperature for 2 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. Suction filtration and evaporation of the solvent gave a pale yellow solid (0.16g, 95%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:164.1(M+1).

Step 6)9- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) -5, 7-dimethyl-6, 9-dihydrothieno [3,2-f ] quinoline-8-carbonitrile

In a 50mL single neck flask were added 4-cyano-2-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.11g,0.68mmol), 6-methylbenzo [ b ] thiophen-5-amino (0.11g,0.67mmol), sodium 1-cyanoprop-3-en-2-ol (0.072g,0.69mmol) and isopropanol (15mL), followed by acetic acid (0.059mL,1.0mmol) and heating to reflux for 4 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v) ═ 4/1) to give a pale yellow solid (0.046g, 18%).

MS(ESI,pos.ion)m/z:372.1(M+1).

¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ(ppm)7.58(s,1H),7.30(s,1H),7.17(s,1H),7.10(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.98(t,J＝5.8Hz,2H),6.10(s,1H),5.90(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),2.44(s,3H),2.27(s,3H).

Example 4 in vitro Activity assay

The experimental principle is as follows:

the property of luciferase to bind to a substrate to generate a chemiluminescent reaction is utilized to transfect human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) with a plasmid fused with Gal4 DNA Binding Domain (DBD) containing mineralocorticoid receptor Ligand Binding Domain (LBD) and a firefly luciferase reporter plasmid under the control of Gal4 UAS (upstream activating sequence). The influence of the pre-stimulation and the post-stimulation or different stimulations on the activity of the mineralocorticoid receptor is judged according to the activity level of the firefly luciferase. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the influence of internal variation factors on the accuracy of the experiment, the plasmid with the renilla luciferase gene is used as a control plasmid to transfect cells, and an internal control of transcription activity is provided, so that the test result is not interfered by the variation of experimental conditions.

The experimental method comprises the following steps:

1) after trypsinization HEK293 cells were harvested and cell density adjusted to 500,000 cells/ml;

2) adding FuGENE HD transfection reagent to the cell suspension;

3) the cell suspension was inoculated into 96-well cell culture plates at 100. mu.L/well and then incubated at 37 ℃ with 5% CO₂Culturing for 24 hours under the condition;

4) mixing a series of concentrations of test compound solution and EC₈₀Agonist aldosterone was added to each well at a concentration and incubated for 18 hours;

5) firefly and Renilla luciferase signals were detected by the Promega dual luciferase reporter assay system.

And (4) processing a result:

1) after obtaining a firefly luciferase signal (F) and a Renilla luciferase signal (R), correcting by using the Renilla luciferase signal, namely calculating the subsequent inhibition rate by using an F/R value;

2) the percent inhibition rate is (Max-X)/(Max-Min) multiplied by 100 percent, wherein Max is the F/R value of a positive control hole, Min is the F/R value of a negative control hole, and X is the F/R value of a compound hole to be detected with different concentrations;

3) IC by Graphprism 5.0 mapping software₅₀And (4) calculating.

The experimental results are as follows:

TABLE 2

Example numbering	MR IC₅₀(nM)
		Example 1	19.6

And (4) conclusion:

as can be seen from the experimental results of table 2, the compound of the present invention (e.g., example 1 of the present invention) has good Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR) antagonistic activity, which is an effective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound which is a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, geometric isomer, tautomer, nitrogen oxide, hydrate, solvate, metabolite, ester, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug of a compound of formula (I),

wherein,

R⁵is cyano or-C (═ O) NR^aR^b；

n is 0, 1,2, 3 or 4.

2. The compound of claim 1, wherein ring a is an aromatic ring of 6 atoms, a heteroaromatic ring of 5-6 atoms, a partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring of 5-6 atoms, or a partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring of 5-6 atoms.

3. The compound of claim 1 or 2, wherein ring a is

4. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Independently H, D, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, carboxy, methylacyl, ethylaccyl, methylsulfonyl, aminoacyl, or aminosulfonyl.

5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R⁶H, D, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, epoxyethyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl or pyrimidinyl.

6. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R⁷And R⁸Independently H, D, cyano, methylacyl, ethylacoyl, propylacyl, methoxyacyl, ethoxyacyl, propoxyacoyl, carboxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino;

each R^aIndependently H, D, F, Cl, Br, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, mercapto, amino, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, monofluoromethyl, 2-difluoroethyl, 1, 2-difluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, methylacyl, ethylacyl, methoxyacyl, ethoxyacyl, carboxy, methylsulfonyl, aminoacyl or aminosulfonyl.

7. The compound of claim 1, having the structure of one of:

8. a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any one of claims 1-7; optionally, it further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent, adjuvant, or combination thereof.

9. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment, prevention or alleviation of hyperaldosteronism, hypertension, chronic heart failure, sequelae of myocardial infarction, cirrhosis of the liver, renal failure and stroke in a patient.

10. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8 in the manufacture of a medicament for use as a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.