CN109720226A - A kind of novel pulse charging reparation all-in-one machine - Google Patents

Abstract

It charges the invention discloses a kind of novel pulse and repairs all-in-one machine, including main charging circuit and control circuit, the configuration of the present invention is simple, circuit is separately designed using main charging circuit board and control circuit board, is convenient for system maintenance while effectively reducing cost；Circuit uses serial connection charge parallel discharge circuit board, copper bar PCB layout, which is applied with, without windowing is achieved that large current charge, the main charging circuit board of positive negative cycle of alternating current works alternatively under control circuit circuit function, capacitive energy storage and electric discharge are alternately, capacitor, which is used, as energy-storage travelling wave tube effectively realizes the transmitting and isolation of energy, improves the stability of system.

Description

A kind of novel pulse charging reparation all-in-one machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to chargers, and in particular to a kind of novel pulse charging reparation all-in-one machine.

Background technique

Electric vehicle influences the two big restraining factors popularized: 1. battery life, 2. mileage travelled.For hauling goods electronic three Wheel vehicle and electric four-wheeled, the tricycle battery for picking student often cause the special attention of consumer, lithium battery Price height, Yi Qihuo, safety are poor with respect to plumbic acid, so lead-acid battery is within a very long time still with irreplaceable Property.Country's electric car charger generallys use constant current, constant pressure, floating charge three stage charging system strategy at present, this charging strategy with The decline drawback of the use of battery, battery performance is more and more significant, is mainly manifested in the decline of 1. battery capacities.Battery is once filling It is full, once with not having；2. battery bulge；3. battery pole plates vulcanize, battery-active is reduced, and battery capacity is caused to decline.To find out its cause, Battery performance declines as time goes by, and internal resistance difference is increasing between obstructed battery, in constant-current charging phase, the internal resistance of cell Serious (Q=the I of big battery-heating²Rt), it is easy to cause battery electrolyte evaporation fast, even results in battery bulge；Also due to interior It is high (U=IR) to hinder big battery both end voltage, often leads to battery and connects total cell voltage greater than charger stopping voltage, to fill Motor automatic stop charging.

The decline of capacity caused by plate vulcanizing for rechargeable battery, there are mainly two types of current relatively effective methods: 1. It adds chemical reagent and dissolves plate vulcanizing object, the method has certain effect to old-fashioned water battery, and to the glue generallyd use at present Body maintenance-free battery is substantially useless；2. using pulse repairing method, plate vulcanizing object is smashed using flash, this method is realized Carry out generally existing following difficulty, (a) impulse amplitude is big, and circuit implements difficulty, and charger failure is more, and reliability low (b) is repaired The multiple excessively high client of instrument cost is difficult to receive.

So-called positive pulse instrument for repairing on domestic market, negative pulse instrument for repairing, positive negative pulse stuffing instrument for repairing, producer are many More, technology is irregular, and price variance is big, and repairing effect is often not satisfactory, and many instrument for repairing are often false to repair true charging, battery Repair is limited, to find out its cause, impulse amplitude is too low, smashes pole plate crystal without enough energy.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, inventor has carried out concentrating on studies for more than 10 years, there are following three kinds of feelings for discovery cell damage Condition: 1. make extremely full.UPS reserve battery is in low current floating charge state for a long time, and cell damage main cause causes in plate vulcanizing Battery-active decline；2. hungry to death.Solar energy storage battery encounters continuous rainy days, and battery capacity over-discharge cannot be replenished in time Electric energy causes battery pole plates activity to decline.3. being tired out to death.The reserve batteries long time continuous working such as electri forklift, is leading to battery just Pole plate softening, argillization, final battery capacity decline.For the third situation, from I study many years of experience from the point of view of such battery Substantially maintenance value useless.For first two situation, inventor has developed novel pulse charging and repairs all-in-one machine, using low cost Circuit realize large current charge, verified by many years, system is reliable for operation, and battery repairing effect is significant, and new battery uses This charger longer cell life 1 year or more, used batteries cooperation battery charging and discharging balance plate service life can also extend 1 year with On.Such as the day for announcing is 2015.06.17, discloses one kind application No. is the Chinese patent of 201420820614X and repairs twin pulse Charger, including main power circuit and control loop composition, the main power circuit include input filter circuit, rectification circuit, Accessory power supply, DC-DC conversion circuit, pulse charge-discharge circuit, the accessory power supply connect with control loop, mention for control loop For required operating voltage, the control loop includes central control unit, PWM pulse width modulator, protection identification circuit, feedback Control circuit, adjuster, voltage collection circuit, current collection circuit, temperature collection circuit and driving circuit, the program is using most The charging strategy that traditional pulse charger uses needs to program AC-DC-DC by rectifier bridge, by inductance, after capacitor filtering By the BUCK circuit of MOSFET control system, output voltage is adjusted, which is limited by the limit such as metal-oxide-semiconductor conductor width System, impulse amplitude is typically small, this circuit pulse amplitude is low, and battery reparation is almost without effect.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure is simple, all-in-one machine is repaired in novel pulse charging easy to use.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of novel pulse charging reparation all-in-one machine, including main charging circuit and control circuit, the main charging circuit include handing over Galvanic electricity positive half period charging circuit and alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit, alternating current positive half period charging current and alternating current are negative Half period charging current uses asymmetric mechanism, when alternating current positive half period charging circuit carries out serial connection charge to storage capacitor When, the storage capacitor of alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit carries out parallel discharge to rechargeable battery, and rechargeable battery is filled in completion Electricity, positive and negative half period charging circuit, which works alternatively, completes entire charging process；The control circuit includes cpu controller, with institute State cpu controller connection charging indicator light interface P4, control circuit of skipping a grade U6, U7, U8, power supply processing circuit, optocoupler U11, Bridge heap rectification and voltage division filter circuit, alternating current pass through divider resistance R6, bridge heap U4 are flowed into after R8, and alternating current is rectified through gap bridge heap U4 With filter capacitor C5 after divider resistance R5, R7 partial pressure, C6, C7 connection, bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 passes through optocoupler U11 and CPU control Device connection processed, rechargeable battery are connected as cpu controller power supply, rechargeable battery by giving cpu controller after power supply processing circuit It by divider resistance R1, is connect after R2, R4 partial pressure and filter capacitor C4 filtering with the ADC1 of cpu controller, CPU sampling battery electricity Pressure drives bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 to charge the battery if having battery access by optocoupler U11, and CPU is controlled in charging process Device acquires alternating voltage simultaneously and controls skip a grade series connection and parallel connection that circuit of skipping a grade realizes capacitor according to actual power situation, from And guarantee the relatively stable of electric current in charging process.

The alternating current positive half period charging circuit includes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, current limiting capacitance C23, Rectifier diode D1, D15, circuit of skipping a grade, storage capacitor C16, diode D5, storage capacitor C17；The circuit of skipping a grade includes whole Flow diode D1, silicon-controlled Q9, Q10, Q11, capacitor C14, C15, isolating diode D4, D9, D10, D11, the electric current of alternating current Enter from the end L, successively by bidirectional triode thyristor D14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, rectifier diode D1, capacitor C14, silicon-controlled Q10, capacitor C15, isolating diode D4, storage capacitor C16, diode D5 return to exchange after storage capacitor C17, diode D15 The electric pole N, skip a grade circuit and the storage capacitor C16, C17 connect after being isolated by diode D5, control circuit respectively with Circuit of skipping a grade is connected with bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, and the end alternating current L and alternating current N-terminal pass through current-limiting resistance R6 respectively, enters bridge after R8 Heap U4 connects after gap bridge heap U4 rectification and voltage division resistance R5 and resistance R7 divider filter capacitor C5, C6, C7L filtering with control circuit The AD sampling for alternating current is connect, the end alternating current L is connect with bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, and the electric current of alternating current N-terminal is isolated by 12V Transformer primary side 2, the electric current at the end alternating current L enter 12V isolating transformer primary side 1 after bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, at this time IGBT Or MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 closing, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 realization serial connection charge, and IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 are opened, and storage capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18 complete charging process to discharging rechargeable battery, capacitor when charging C21, C20, C19, C18 are series connection, and capacitor C21, C20, C19 when electric discharge, C18 are parallel connection.

The alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit includes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, two poles of rectification Pipe D2, D16, storage capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18, isolating diode D8, D14, D13, D7, D12, D6, at this time IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 closing, C21, C20, C19, C18 complete serial connection charge, while IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are opened, and capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 completion is to the parallel discharge of rechargeable battery, and AC current is from N-terminal through diode D2 enters, and by C21, D8, C20, D7, C19, D6, C18, D16, current limiting capacitance C23, C22, silicon-controlled Q14 return to alternating current L When the charging of end, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 series connection, when electric discharge, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 parallel operation.

The current limiting capacitance C22 is connected with the cathode of current limiting capacitance C23.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the configuration of the present invention is simple, circuit is using main charging circuit board and control circuit board point Meter is opened up, is convenient for system maintenance while effectively reducing cost；Circuit does not have to windowing using serial connection charge parallel discharge circuit board It is applied with copper bar PCB layout and is achieved that large current charge, serial connection charge effectively reduces the pressure voltage of electronic component and resistant to flow Value, reduces costs while improving reliability；The main charging circuit board of positive negative cycle of alternating current is made in control circuit circuit With lower alternation, capacitive energy storage and electric discharge alternately, use capacitor as energy-storage travelling wave tube and effectively realize the transmitting of energy with Isolation, improves the stability of system, circuit when working normally main charging circuit use left and right asymmetric design, CPU is adopted in real time Sample alternating voltage, and automatically according to the automatic series connection and parallel connection of supply voltage situation realization capacitor, to ensure that charging current Stability, PU real-time sampling network voltage, using taken in average value filtering and three two voting formulas filter, effectively filter out power grid and exist Trip point is wriggled back and forth causes system to run unstable problem, eliminates interference, improves stability.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the alternating current positive half period charging circuit schematic diagram of main charging circuit of the invention；

Fig. 2 is the alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit schematic diagram of main charging circuit of the invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of control circuit；

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of main charging circuit；

Fig. 5 is radiator fan interface P2 circuit diagram；

Fig. 6 is the auxiliary side interface P3 circuit diagram of 12V transformer；

Fig. 7 is charging indicator light interface P4 circuit diagram；

Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of control circuit interface P5；

Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of current limiting capacitance；

Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of the auxiliary side rectification of transformer；

Figure 11 is AC rectification sample circuit figure；

Figure 12 is control panel power supply processing circuit figure；

Figure 13 is the circuit diagram for driving optocoupler U6, U8；

Figure 14 is the circuit diagram for driving optocoupler U7；

Figure 15 is IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 driving circuit figure；

Figure 16 is the circuit diagram of single-chip microcontroller U12；

Figure 17 is circuit diagram of skipping a grade.

Figure 18 is battery voltage sampling circuit figure.

Figure 19 is silicon-controlled Q14 driving circuit figure.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 19, a kind of novel pulse charging reparation all-in-one machine, including main charging circuit and control circuit, The main charging circuit includes alternating current positive half period charging circuit and alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit, alternating current positive half cycle Phase charging current and alternating current negative half-cycle charging current use asymmetric mechanism, when alternating current positive half period charging circuit is to storage When energy capacitor carries out serial connection charge, the storage capacitor of alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit carries out parallel discharge to rechargeable battery, The charging to rechargeable battery is completed, positive and negative half period charging circuit, which works alternatively, completes entire charging process；The control circuit Including cpu controller, the charging indicator light interface P4 being connect with the cpu controller, control circuit of skipping a grade U6, U7, U8, power supply Processing circuit, optocoupler U11, bridge heap rectification and voltage division filter circuit, alternating current pass through divider resistance R6, flow into bridge heap U4 after R8, hand over Galvanic electricity is through gap bridge heap U4 rectification and voltage division resistance R5, and with filter capacitor C5 after R7 partial pressure, C6, C7 connection, bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 passes through Optocoupler U11 is connect with the cpu controller, and rechargeable battery is connected as CPU control by giving cpu controller after power supply processing circuit Device processed power supply, rechargeable battery is by divider resistance R1, ADC1 with cpu controller after R2, R4 partial pressure and filter capacitor C4 are filtered Connection, CPU sampling battery voltage drive bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 to fill battery if having battery access by optocoupler U11 Electricity, cpu controller acquires alternating voltage simultaneously and realizes electricity according to actual power situation control circuit of skipping a grade in charging process Skip a grade series connection and the parallel connection held, to guarantee the relatively stable of electric current in charging process.

The alternating current positive half period charging circuit includes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, two poles of rectification Pipe D1, D15, circuit of skipping a grade, storage capacitor C16, diode D5, storage capacitor C17；The circuit of skipping a grade includes rectifier diode D1, silicon-controlled Q9, Q10, Q11, capacitor C14, C15, isolating diode D4, D9, D10, D11, the electric current of alternating current from the end L into Enter, successively passes through bidirectional triode thyristor D14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, rectifier diode D1, capacitor C14, silicon-controlled Q10, capacitor C15, isolating diode D4, storage capacitor C16, diode D5 return to the pole alternating current N, institute after storage capacitor C17, diode D15 State skip a grade circuit and storage capacitor C16, C17 connects after being isolated by diode D5, control circuit respectively with circuit of skipping a grade It is connected with bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, the end alternating current L and alternating current N-terminal pass through current-limiting resistance R6 respectively, and bridge heap U4, warp are entered after R8 It connects to the control circuit after gap bridge heap U4 rectification and voltage division resistance R5 and resistance R7 divider filter capacitor C5, C6, C7L filtering for handing over The AD of galvanic electricity is sampled, and the end alternating current L is connect with bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, and the electric current of alternating current N-terminal is former by 12V isolating transformer Side 2, the electric current at the end alternating current L enter 12V isolating transformer primary side 1 after bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, at this time IGBT or MOSFET Pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 closing, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 realization serial connection charge, and IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 It opening, storage capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18 complete charging process to discharging rechargeable battery, capacitor C21, C20 when charging, C19, C18 are series connection, and capacitor C21, C20, C19 when electric discharge, C18 are parallel connection.

The alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit includes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, two poles of rectification Pipe D2, D16, storage capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18, isolating diode D8, D14, D13, D7, D12, D6, at this time IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 closing, C21, C20, C19, C18 complete serial connection charge, while IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are opened, and capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 completion is to the parallel discharge of rechargeable battery, and AC current is from N-terminal through diode D2 enters, and by C21, D8, C20, D7, C19, D6, C18, D16, current limiting capacitance C23, C22, silicon-controlled Q14 return to alternating current L End, when charging, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 series connection, when electric discharge, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 parallel operation.

The current limiting capacitance C22 is connected with the cathode of current limiting capacitance C23.

Specific work process is as follows:

It is anti-since the industrial frequency AC of national grid permission 220V has ± 10% error i.e. (actual power voltage 198V-242V) Only charging current is excessive, as AC > 230V, bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, and Q11 shutdown, Q10 conducting, IGBT Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 Shutdown, the positive half cycle current of electric alternating current enter from L, by bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, by D1 after current limiting capacitance C22, C23, C14, Q10, C15, D4, C16, D5, C17, D15 return to the pole N of alternating current, at this time IGBT Q5, and Q6, Q7, Q8 is open-minded, energy storage electricity Hold C2, C8, C7, C6 realizes parallel connection to discharging rechargeable battery, and similarly circuit is realized to storage capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17's Serial connection charge, similarly charging voltage is UC14+UC15+UC16+UC17+UC2223=U0, wherein UC14, UC15, UC16, UC17, UC2223 is respectively energy storage C14, C15, C16, and the voltage at the both ends C17, UC2223 is capacitor C22, C23 both end voltage, it is assumed that C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal, then 4UC14+UC2233=U0, and UC14=(U0-UC2233)/4, UC14 is The charging voltage of battery；As 210V < AC≤230V, bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, Q10 shutdown, Q11 conducting, IGBT Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 shutdown, the positive half cycle current of electric alternating current enter from the end L, by bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, after current limiting capacitance C22, C23 By D1, C14, Q11, C16, D5, C17, D15 return to the N-terminal of alternating current, at this time IGBT Q5, and Q6, Q7, Q8 is open-minded, energy storage electricity Hold C2, C8, C7, C6 realizes parallel connection to discharging rechargeable battery, and similarly circuit is realized to storage capacitor C14, C16, the series connection of C17 Charging, similarly charging voltage is (wherein UC14, UC15, UC16, UC17, UC2223 points of UC14+UC16+UC17+UC2223=U0 Not Wei the both ends energy storage C14, C15, C16, C17 voltage, UC2223 be capacitor C22, C23 both end voltage, it is assumed that C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal) then 3UC14+UC2233=U0, UC14=(U0-UC2233)/3, UC14 are battery Charging voltage；When AC≤210V, bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 conducting, Q10 shutdown, Q11 conducting, after capacitor C14, C15 is in parallel with capacitor C16 series connection, returns to the pole N of power supply by D5, C17, D15, U1415+U16+U17+UC2223=U0 (wherein UC1415, UC16, UC17, UC2223 are respectively voltage after energy storage C14C15 in parallel, and C16, the voltage at the both ends C17, UC2223 is capacitor C22, C23 two Hold voltage, it is assumed that C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal) then 3UC1415+UC2233=U0, UC1415= (U0-UC2233)/3, UC1415 is the charging voltage of battery；

As operating voltage 210V < AC≤230V, CPU samples network voltage driving bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, Q10 shutdown, Q11 Conducting, the left side and the right of main charging circuit become unsymmetric structure, and the charger of 60V is defeated by calculating charger charging voltage 72V or so out, since evening network load is small, voltage is higher than 230V, and charging current is excessive in order to prevent, and CPU samples network voltage Bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, Q11 shutdown, Q10 conducting are driven, so that circuit becomes bilateral symmetry mechanism, with left side charging electricity Hold sealing in for C15, since the partial pressure of capacitor acts on, drops 13V or so by calculating (by taking 60V charger as an example) charging voltage, from And ensure that the stabilization of charging current, if network load weight on daytime, voltage is lower than 210V, and the output voltage to guarantee charger is steady Fixed, cpu controller samples network voltage driving bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 conducting, and Q10 shutdown, Q11 conducting, capacitor C14, C15 are in parallel It connects afterwards with capacitor C16, due to capacitor C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity is equal, C15, capacitor after 16 parallel connections The capacity capacitive reactance that becomes larger become smaller, increase 13V or so by calculating (by taking 60V charger as an example) charging voltage, filled to ensure that The normal operation of motor；

As shown in figure 4, cell voltage is by the third foot (VCC) of control panel P5 and the after rechargeable battery BT1 accesses charger Four feet (GND1) are sent into control panel, and cpu controller obtains electric start-up operation, and cell voltage passes through divider resistance R1, and R3, R4 are divided, The ADC1 of cpu controller is sent to be sampled after after capacitor C4 filtering, the cpu controller output control signal control if having battery access Bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 conducting processed, if user only accesses alternating current and accesses without battery, cpu controller does not work, prevents Charger just has output so as to cause accidental shock after user is inserted into socket, improves the safety of system；

Industrial-frequency alternating current is followed by the primary side of 12V transformer by bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, and the auxiliary side output of transformer is sent by interface P2 The bridge heap U1 for entering control panel rectifies C1, C2, control panel part of the C3 capacitor filtering latter aspect to control circuit through gap bridge heap U1 Device provides power supply, is on the other hand exported by P2 and is powered to radiator fan, is responsible for main charging panel and control panel cooling, charging knot CPU closes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 after beam, then simultaneously closes off radiator fan, can effectively reduce fan noise, while also extending wind The service life of fan；

The negative half-cycle charging circuit of alternating current, alternating current are inputted from the right half part N-terminal of main charging circuit, at this time IGBT Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 shutdown, electric current enters from diode D2, by capacitor C2, diode D6, capacitor C8, diode D8, capacitor C7, and two By current limiting capacitance C23 after pole pipe D7, capacitor C6, diode D16, the pole L of alternating current, electricity are returned to after C22 bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 Holding C2, C8, C7, C6 realizes serial connection charge, and charging voltage is UC2+UC7+UC9+UC6+UC2223=U0, wherein UC2, UC7, UC9, UC6, UC2223 are respectively energy storage C2, C8, C7, and the voltage at the both ends C6, UC2223 is capacitor C22, and C23 both end voltage is false If C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal, then 4UC2+UC2233=U0, UC2=(U0-UC2233)/4, UC2 For the charging voltage of battery；

It is anti-since the industrial frequency AC of national grid permission 220V has ± 10% error i.e. (actual power voltage 198V-242V) Only charging current is excessive, and as AC > 230V, bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, Q11 shutdown, Q10 conducting, IGBT or MOSFET are managed Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 shutdown, the positive half cycle current of electric alternating current enter from L, by bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, By D1, C14, Q10 after C23, C15, D4, C16, D5, C17, D15 return to the pole N of alternating current, at this time IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 are open-minded, and storage capacitor C2, C8, C7, C6 realization parallel connection is to discharging rechargeable battery, and similarly circuit is realized to storage The serial connection charge of energy capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17, similarly charging voltage is UC14+UC15+UC16+UC17+UC2223=U0, Wherein UC14, UC15, UC16, UC17, UC2223 are respectively energy storage C14, C15, C16, and the voltage at the both ends C17, UC2223 is electricity Holding C22, C23 both end voltage, it is assumed that C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal, then 4UC14+UC2233=U0, UC14=(U0-UC2233)/4, UC14 is the charging voltage of battery；As 210V < AC≤230V, bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, Q10 shutdown, Q11 conducting, IGBT MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 shutdown, the positive half cycle current of electric alternating current from L into Enter, by bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, returns to alternating current by D1, C14, Q11, C16, D5, C17, D15 after current limiting capacitance C22, C23 The pole N, IGBT MOSFET pipe Q5 at this time, Q6, Q7, Q8 is open-minded, storage capacitor C2, C8, C7, and C6 realizes parallel connection to charging Battery discharge, similarly circuit is realized to storage capacitor C14, C16, the serial connection charge of C17, and similarly charging voltage is UC14+ (wherein UC14, UC15, UC16, UC17, UC2223 are respectively energy storage C14, C15, C16, C17 two to UC16+UC17+UC2223=U0 The voltage at end, UC2223 are capacitor C22, C23 both end voltage, it is assumed that C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal) Then 3UC14+UC2233=U0, UC14=(U0-UC2233)/3, UC14 are the charging voltage of battery；It is two-way controllable when AC≤210V Silicon Q9 conducting, Q10 shutdown, Q11 conducting are connected after capacitor C14, C15 are in parallel with capacitor C16, and by D5, C17, D15 returns to electricity The pole N in source, U1415+U16+U17+UC2223=U0 (wherein UC1415, UC16, UC17, UC2223 be respectively energy storage C14C15 simultaneously Voltage after connection, C16, the voltage at the both ends C17, UC2223 are capacitor C22, C23 both end voltage, it is assumed that C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity are equal) then 3UC1415+UC2233=U0, UC1415=(U0-UC2233)/3, UC1415 are filling for battery Piezoelectric voltage；

As operating voltage 210V < AC≤230V, cpu controller samples network voltage driving bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, and Q10 is closed Disconnected, Q11 conducting, the left side and the right of main charging circuit becomes unsymmetric structure, and the charger of 60V is by calculating charger charging Voltage output 72V or so, since evening network load is small, voltage is higher than 230V, and charging current is excessive in order to prevent, CPU sampling electricity Net voltage drives bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 shutdown, Q11 shutdown, Q10 conducting, so that circuit becomes bilateral symmetry mechanism, with left side Charging capacitor C15's seals in, left by calculating (by taking 60V charger as an example) charging voltage drop 13V since the partial pressure of capacitor acts on The right side, to ensure that the stabilization of charging current, if network load weight on daytime, voltage is lower than 210V, for the output for guaranteeing charger Voltage stabilization, cpu controller sample network voltage driving bidirectional triode thyristor Q9 conducting, Q10 shutdown, and Q11 is connected, capacitor C14, It connects after C15 is in parallel with capacitor C16, due to capacitor C2, C8, C7, C6, C14, C15, C16, C17 capacity is equal, C15, and 16 is in parallel The capacity of the capacitor capacitive reactance that becomes larger afterwards becomes smaller, and 13V or so is increased by calculating (by taking 60V charger as an example) charging voltage, to protect The normal operation of charger is demonstrate,proved；

Circuit uses serial connection charge, and parallel discharge realizes the signal isolation of input stage and charge stage using capacitor as energy-storage travelling wave tube The reliability and safety of system are improved, while also reducing the cost of pulse charger, by taking 60V charger as an example, it is assumed that Power 60V*20A=1200W of charging current 20A then charger for 7 IGBT is that battery fills when circuit works normally Electric current is divided into 7 tunnels, and every road charging current is only 20A/7=2.85A, and PCB layout width 3MM can meet, effectively reduce into Originally with production difficulty (common charger 20A circuit at least 1.5 squares of fine copper conducting wires), do not consider the engine efficiency that charges, power input Grade 1200W/220V=5.45A, ac input end PCB layout 6MM width can be met the requirements, this serial connection charge parallel discharge plan The slightly circuit board additional copper bar that do not need to open a window by wiring on pcb board can meet current requirements；

The charger of one common 20A, the diode 6A10 in main circuit can be met the requirements, every IGBT or MOSFET pipe Electric current 3A, pressure voltage 100V can meet the requirements, storage capacitor pressure voltage 80V, the diode current 6A in circuit, Pressure-resistant 80V can be met the requirements, and effectively reduce the requirement of electronic component, to reduce overall cost；

This charger is a stylobate in the pulse charger of Maas charging law production, and left and right sides circuit works alternatively, can have Effect eliminates battery pole plates vulcanization, extends battery, tests common batteries by largely installing and can extend 1 year or more longevity Life；

Inventor is according to lot of documents such as abundant filial piety Ju, Wang Fuzhong, Deng Kun, king " to the experimental study of K1 value in Maas theory " Million contain, Deng Yawen.It is charging electricity that the researchs such as power-saving technology and incorporation engineering experience, which pass through lot of experiments discovery pulse current, 5-7 times of stream removes that plate vulcanizing effect is best, and the charger pulse current of a 20A requires 100A-140A, so big arteries and veins Rushing charging current, this is also the wide gap that domestic pulse charger is difficult to cross over, and no matter from cost or technically is all difficult to connect By this is also that current domestic pulse charger technology is irregular, and the huge reason of price variance, domestic overwhelming majority pulse is filled Motor is adulterated, and switching tube is only increased on the basis of common charger and carries out DC chopped-wave, a large amount of by inventor Such impulse interference wave machine is tested to battery life is extended, plate vulcanizing is removed, almost without any value；

Pulse current calculates.The electric discharge of this 7 tunnel of pulse charger, the charging current of 140A are averaged every road electric current only 20A, to IGBT and Cabling requirement is not high, it is assumed that charger output voltage Uo, cell voltage Uc, internal resistance of cell Ro, then pulse current Io=(Uo- Uc)/Ro, due to internal resistance of cell very little, electric three-wheel, electric four-wheeled common 4 milliohm of 12V 150AH battery national standard internal resistance or so, As long as voltage difference reaches 0.56V, due to using a period of time internal resistance of cell that can become larger, voltage difference can be increased, due to This charger uses capacitor as energy-storage travelling wave tube, and controls and do not discharge when working alternatively i.e. capacitor serial connection charge, and capacitor parallel connection is put It does not charge when electric, then this discharge process is zero state response, then pulse current Io=(Uo-Uc)/Ro*e^-t/RoC, then pulse current Decayed rapidly with the exponent of e, due to internal resistance of cell very little, instant pulse current is excessive, for the reliability for improving circuit, fits When adjusting impulse amplitude, smooth inductance L1, inductance value very little, several to dozens of microhenrys, due to inductance are introduced in circuit In electric current cannot be mutated, it is real to increase a sustained diode 8 in quick closedown IGBT or MOSFET pipe circuit The afterflow of existing circuit and the recycling of inductance energy；

Inventor investigates market further, it is found that the electro-tricycle of 60V and carriage have accounted for 50% of market or so, 48V and accounted for 15%, 72V account for 15%, remaining 24V, 36V, 84V, 96V account for 20% or so, with the promotion of user demand, much pick the electricity of student Dynamic carriage is equipped with warm-air drier, and cell voltage crosses low strap warm-air drier difficulty, and the electric vehicle occupation rate of market of 72V, 84V are gradually mentioning It rises, in order to improve the compatibility of system, reduces stock cost, I removes Q8, C21, D24, D8 in part on the right side of main charging circuit, electricity Road does not need any change, and suitably modified program can charge to 72V battery, removes II on the right side of same main charging circuit Right side Q8, C21, D24, D8, Q7, C20, D13, D7 circuit do not need any change, and suitably modified program can be to 84V battery It charges, circuit board has very strong compatibility.

If network voltage again nearby wriggle back and forth by 230V in charging process, silicon-controlled to prevent cpu controller from constantly driving Realize that charging is skipped a grade, cpu controller is in addition to also using other than sampled data number draw value filtering in three and taking two algorithms.Such as Cpu controller samples network voltage three times, it is found that voltage is then realized greater than 230V more than twice and skip a grade, other situations are the same.

As shown in Figure 10 to Figure 19, the specific work process of control circuit is as follows: the auxiliary sideline circle of 12V isolating transformer passes through It is fan after bridge heap U1 commutation capacitor C1, C2, C3 filtering, voltage comparator LM358 provides power supply；Alternating current L, N pass through current limliting Enter bridge heap after resistance R6, R8 and rectify U4, divider resistance R5, R7 partial pressure, capacitor C5, C6, C7 filtering send single-chip microcontroller U12 to carry out AD Sampling, perception exchange Electrical change drive optocoupler U6, and U7, U8 realize that the left half circuit realization of governor circuit is skipped a grade, to guarantee to charge The stabilization of electric current；Cell voltage passes through divider resistance R1, and R3, R4 partial pressure send single-chip microcontroller U12 to carry out AD after filter capacitor C4 filtering Sampling drives bidirectional triode thyristor driving chip U11 according to cell voltage, and opening charging and charging terminates.

Cell voltage passes through voltage-stabiliser tube VD1, VD2, and VD3 step-down capacitor C11, C8 filter laggard three-terminal regulator chip U5 capacitor Work energy is provided to CPU after C9, C12, C13, C10 filtering.

The auxiliary sideline circle of 12V isolating transformer passes through resistance R13 optocoupler U9, U13, rear into the same mutually defeated of comparator LM358 Enter end, it is comparator that bridge heap U1 output voltage, which passes through resistance R18, the inverting input terminal of comparator LM358 is sent into after R19 partial pressure, Threshold value is compared in offer, and the main charging circuit of comparator output driving realizes alternately charge/discharge operation according to design logic.ISP is monolithic Machine U12 program downloads mouth, and the I/O port P3.5 and P3.2 of single-chip microcontroller drive charging indicator light.

Alternating current positive half period, the auxiliary side electric current AC122 of 12V isolating transformer pass through optocoupler U13, current-limiting resistance R13 into Enter and return to AC121, the 5th foot non-inverting input terminal high input voltage IO10 of comparator LM358 exports high level at this time, and IO9 output is low Level, then IGBT MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 are opened, capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18 realize it is to rechargeable battery and Connection electric discharge, and IGBT MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are closed, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 skip a grade in CPU measures control Line realizes serial connection charge, and the alternating current negative half-cycle course of work is identical.

For prevent percentage of batteries it is disconnected due to, electrode delamination etc. caused by overcharge, cpu controller is not in charging process Disconnected sampling battery voltage, if cell voltage reaches setting value such as 60V charger 68.5V, cpu controller opens timing in 2 hours, Charging if cell voltage in timing reaches 69.5V terminates, if cell voltage declines after charging, but timing is not To then continuing to charge, cell voltage charges if being not up to 69.5V and terminates in timing 2 hours after voltage reaches 68.5V.

This charge-discharge circuit in the case where not needing pcb board windowing can be achieved with that specified charging current can be obtained 5-7 times of pulse current effectively eliminates the crystal of battery pole plates, extends battery, CPU automatic collection country The supply voltage of power grid, can be according to automatic skip a grade series connection and the parallel connection for realizing capacitor of fluctuation of power grid, to ensure that charging electricity The versatility of the relative stability of stream, circuit is good, for the rechargeable battery of different voltages grade, it is only necessary to remove negative alternating current half The part electronic component of period charging circuit can realize that, to 60V, 72V, 84V, the battery of the obstructed model of 96V charges, this Charger realizes the isolation between alternating current and rechargeable battery using capacitor, and the size of charging current is controlled by current limiting capacitance, It is cleverly connected by electronic component and in parallel, its pressure voltage being effectively reduced increases charging current, reduces costs.

Claims (5)

1. all-in-one machine is repaired in a kind of novel pulse charging, it is characterised in that: including main charging circuit and control circuit, the master fills Circuit includes alternating current positive half period charging circuit and alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit, alternating current positive half period charging electricity Stream and alternating current negative half-cycle charging electricity electricity use asymmetric mechanism；When alternating current positive half period charging circuit to storage capacitor into When row serial connection charge, the storage capacitor of alternating current negative half-cycle charging circuit carries out parallel discharge to rechargeable battery, completes to filling The charging of battery, positive and negative half period charging circuit, which works alternatively, completes entire charging process；The control circuit includes CPU control Device processed, the charging indicator light interface P4 being connect with the cpu controller, control circuit of skipping a grade U6, U7, U8, power supply processing circuit, Optocoupler U11, bridge heap rectification and voltage division filter circuit, alternating current pass through divider resistance R6, and bridge heap U4, alternating current warp are entered after R8 current limliting After gap bridge heap U4 rectification and voltage division resistance R5, R7 partial pressure with filter capacitor C5, C6, C7 connection, the voltage after divider resistance ADC0 is connected with cpu controller, and CPU perceives the variation of alternating current by 0 voltage of sampling ADC, and bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 passes through optocoupler U11 is connect with the cpu controller, and rechargeable battery is supplied by being connected as cpu controller after power supply processing circuit with cpu controller Electricity, rechargeable battery are connect after R2, R4 partial pressure and filter capacitor C4 filtering with the ADC1 of cpu controller by divider resistance R1, Cpu controller sampling battery voltage, real-time perception cell voltage are two-way controllable by optocoupler U11 driving if having battery access Silicon Q14 is charged the battery, and cpu controller acquires alternating voltage and according to actual power situation control simultaneously in charging process System circuit of skipping a grade realizes skip a grade series connection and the parallel connection of capacitor, to guarantee the relatively stable of electric current in charging process.

2. all-in-one machine is repaired in novel pulse charging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the alternating current positive half period Charging circuit includes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, rectifier diode D1, D15, circuit of skipping a grade, storage capacitor C14, C15, diode D5, storage capacitor C16, C17, isolating diode D9, D10, D11；The circuit of skipping a grade includes rectification two Pole pipe D1, D15 skips a grade and controls silicon-controlled Q9, Q10, Q11, capacitor C14, C15, isolating diode D9, D10, D11, between circuit-level Rectifier diode D4, D5；The electric current of alternating current from the end L enter, successively by bidirectional triode thyristor D14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, Rectifier diode D4, storage capacitor C16 between rectifier diode D1, capacitor C14, silicon-controlled Q10, capacitor C15, grade are rectified between grade Return to the pole alternating current N after diode D5, storage capacitor C17, rectifier diode D15, skip a grade circuit and the storage capacitor C16, C17 connects after being isolated by diode D5, control circuit respectively with skip a grade circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 connect, exchange The electric end L and alternating current N-terminal pass through current-limiting resistance R6 respectively, and bridge heap U4 is entered after R8, through gap bridge heap U4 rectification and voltage division resistance R5 and Connect to the control circuit the AD sampling for alternating current after resistance R7 divider filter capacitor C5, C6, C7L filtering, the end alternating current L with Bidirectional triode thyristor Q14 connection, the electric current of alternating current N-terminal pass through 12V isolating transformer primary side 2, and the electric current at the end alternating current L is by double Enter 12V isolating transformer primary side 1 after to silicon-controlled Q14, at this time IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 is closed, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 realize serial connection charge, and IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 are opened, storage capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18 complete charging process to discharging rechargeable battery, and capacitor C21, C20, C19 when charging, C18 are series connection, electricity when electric discharge Hold C21, C20, C19, C18 is parallel connection.

3. all-in-one machine is repaired in novel pulse charging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the alternating current negative half-cycle Charging circuit includes bidirectional triode thyristor Q14, current limiting capacitance C22, C23, rectifier diode D2, D16, storage capacitor C21, C20, C19, C18, isolating diode D8, D14, D13, D7, D12, D6, IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 are closed at this time, C21, C20, C19, C18 complete serial connection charge, while IGBT or MOSFET pipe Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 opening, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 It completes to the parallel discharge of rechargeable battery, AC current enters from N-terminal through diode D2, by C21, D8, C20, D7, C19, D6, C18, D16, current limiting capacitance C23, C22, silicon-controlled Q14 return to the end alternating current L, when charging, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 Series connection, when electric discharge, capacitor C14, C15, C16, C17 parallel operation.

4. all-in-one machine is repaired in novel pulse according to claim 2 charging, it is characterised in that: the current limiting capacitance C22 and The cathode of current limiting capacitance C23 is connected.

5. all-in-one machine is repaired in novel pulse charging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cpu controller is real-time Charged battery voltage is acquired, when cell voltage reaches certain threshold value, cpu controller starts timing automatically, when reaching timing Between be then automatically stopped charging, extend the service life of battery.