Electromechanical and hydraulic integrated voltage-sharing clamping system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical clamping, and particularly relates to an electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated voltage-sharing clamping system.
Background
In the jigs, a device for preventing displacement or vibration generated during rework of the workpiece is called a clamping device. On the basis of positioning, the workpiece is generally damaged due to the fact that the workpiece is subjected to large external force, mainly cutting force, during machining, clamping force needs to be applied to the workpiece to prevent the workpiece from moving.
The existing clamping devices have a plurality of types, but most of the existing clamping devices are only changed in style, the clamping devices themselves are not greatly improved in performance, the traditional clamping devices cannot simultaneously clamp a plurality of workpieces in a pressure equalizing mode, and when the traditional clamping devices clamp more uneven or irregular surfaces, the workpieces are easily damaged due to the fact that the workpieces are not clamped or clamping force is too large due to uneven stress.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electromechanical and hydraulic integrated pressure-equalizing clamping system, which aims to solve the problem that a plurality of workpieces cannot be clamped in a pressure-equalizing mode at the same time.
The basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated voltage-sharing clamping system comprises a base and a clamping device, wherein a motor is fixed at one end of the base, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a lead screw, the lead screw is arranged along the length direction of the base, a screw block is in threaded connection with the lead screw, a first lifting mechanism which is vertically arranged is fixed on the upper end face of the screw block, and a moving end of the first lifting mechanism is connected with a horizontally arranged connecting plate; a second lifting mechanism which is vertically arranged is fixed on the upper end face of the connecting plate; the clamping device comprises at least two clamping mechanisms arranged side by side, each clamping mechanism comprises at least two groups of clamping pieces, and each group of clamping pieces are arranged along the height direction; each group of clamping pieces comprises two clamping rods, the middle points of the two clamping rods are hinged with each other through a hinge joint, and the top ends of the two clamping rods of each group of clamping pieces are respectively hinged with the bottom ends of the two clamping rods of the clamping piece above; the two groups of clamping pieces form a clamping space, the inner side of a clamping rod of each clamping space is fixedly connected with a hydraulic support rod for clamping a workpiece, the end part of the hydraulic support rod, which is contacted with the workpiece, is provided with a pressure sensing plate, and the pressure sensing plate is electrically connected with a stress balancer for adjusting the hydraulic support rod; the clamping space of each clamping mechanism is correspondingly connected with the clamping spaces of other clamping mechanisms through a horizontal rod; the bottom ends of the two clamping rods at the lowest part of each clamping mechanism are respectively hinged with a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the bottom ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged with each other, the hinged points of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are fixedly arranged under the hinged joint of the clamping mechanism, and the hinged joint at the lowest part of one clamping mechanism is connected with the second lifting mechanism.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the basic scheme are as follows: when the lifting device is used, the second lifting mechanism is started, and the second lifting mechanism drives the hinge joint connected with the second lifting mechanism to move upwards or downwards according to the size of a workpiece. When the second lifting mechanism pushes the hinged joint connected with the second lifting mechanism to move upwards, the clamping spaces of the clamping mechanisms connected with the second lifting mechanism are enlarged through the principle of the link mechanism, and a plurality of workpieces can be respectively placed in the clamping spaces of the clamping system. And then the clamping space is reduced by the second lifting mechanism, so that the workpiece is clamped. This scheme only needs can drive whole clamping device through second elevating system and press from both sides tight a plurality of work pieces, convenient operation, swift.
When the workpiece is irregular, the data sensed by each point are transmitted to the stress balancer through the pressure sensing plate, and the stress balancer adjusts the hydraulic support rods of each point according to the pressure value, so that the stress is balanced when the irregular workpiece is clamped, and the clamping effect is better.
When a workpiece is machined, the machining head is aligned to one of the clamping spaces, after the machining head finishes machining one workpiece, the position of the machining head is fixed, and workpieces to be machined in other clamping spaces are driven to move to a machining position through the second lifting mechanism and the motor, so that the machining head finishes machining the next workpiece, machining of a plurality of workpieces in the whole clamping system is finally finished, and machining efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the inner side of each clamping rod in the clamping space is provided with a hydraulic support rod, and the hydraulic support rods in the clamping space are symmetrically arranged along the diagonal line of the clamping space.
The clamping spaces are symmetrically provided with the hydraulic support rods, so that the effect of balancing stress of the workpiece is improved.
Furthermore, a pressure spring is arranged between the clamping rods which are hinged up and down in each clamping space.
When the workpiece is located in the clamping space and the pressure spring is stretched, the pressure spring can provide clamping acting force, and the workpiece is further clamped. And when the workpiece is machined, the pressure spring can achieve the damping effect.
Further, the base is fixed with the backup pad that is located clamping device rear, every articulated joint in clamping device is fixed with the supporting shoe that can support against the backup pad.
When a workpiece is processed, the hinged joint on the clamping mechanism is abutted against the supporting plate through the supporting block, and the supporting plate provides stability for the clamping mechanism.
Further, the supporting plate is fixed right behind one of the clamping mechanisms, the height of the supporting plate is larger than that of the clamping mechanism connected with the second lifting mechanism, the width of the supporting plate is smaller than that of the clamping mechanism connected with the second lifting mechanism, and the width of the supporting plate is larger than that of the hinge joint.
When the device is used, the processing head is aligned with the clamping mechanism positioned right in front of the supporting plate. When the processing head processes a workpiece, the vibration received by the clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece being processed is large, and only the supporting plate provides supporting force for the clamping mechanism, so that the stability of the whole clamping system can be provided, and the manufacturing cost of the supporting plate is reduced. When a workpiece in the next clamping mechanism needs to be machined, the next clamping mechanism is moved to the position right in front of the supporting plate due to the fact that the machining head is not moved, the supporting block on the next clamping mechanism abuts against the supporting plate, and the supporting plate provides supporting force for the next clamping mechanism. This scheme can be accomplished promptly and add man-hour to the work piece in each presss from both sides tight space, and the backup pad can both provide the holding power for it, has effectively ensured this clamping system's stability.
Furthermore, hydraulic cylinders are selected for the first lifting mechanism, the second lifting mechanism and the hydraulic support rod.
The hydraulic cylinder is adopted to facilitate the automatic control of the positioning and clamping processes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram provided by an embodiment of an electro-mechanical and hydraulic integrated pressure equalizing and clamping system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The application principle of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a base 1, a motor 2, a screw rod 3, a screw block 4, a first lifting mechanism 5, a connecting plate 6, a second lifting mechanism 7, a clamping mechanism 8, a horizontal rod 9, a hinge joint 10, a clamping space 11, a clamping rod 12, a pressure spring 13, a hydraulic support rod 14, a pressure sensing plate 15, a first connecting rod 16, a second connecting rod 17, a hinge point fixing seat 18, a support plate 19, a support block 20, a stress balancer 21 and a clamping piece 22.
The embodiment is based on the following figure 1: an electro-mechanical-hydraulic integrated pressure-equalizing clamping system comprises a base 1 and a clamping device. The right-hand member of base 1 is fixed with motor 2, and the output shaft fixedly connected with lead screw 3 of motor 2, lead screw 3 sets up along the length direction of base 1. The screw rod 3 is connected with a screw block 4 in a threaded manner, a first lifting mechanism 5 which is vertically arranged is fixed on the upper end face of the screw block 4, and a connecting plate 6 which is horizontally arranged is connected to the moving end of the first lifting mechanism 5. In this embodiment, the first lifting mechanism 5 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 6. The upper end face of the connecting plate 6 is fixedly provided with a vertically arranged second lifting mechanism 7, and the second lifting mechanism 7 adopts a hydraulic cylinder.
The clamping device comprises at least two clamping mechanisms 8 arranged side by side, each clamping mechanism 8 comprises at least two groups of clamping pieces 22, and each group of clamping pieces 22 is arranged along the height direction. In this embodiment, there are three clamping mechanisms 8 side by side, and three sets of clamps 22 are connected to each clamping mechanism 8. Each set of clamping members 22 comprises two clamping rods 12, the middle points of the two clamping rods 12 are hinged with each other through a hinge joint 10, and the top ends of the two clamping rods 12 of each set of clamping members 22 are respectively hinged with the bottom ends of the two clamping rods 12 of the clamping member 22 positioned above. Two sets of clamping pieces 22 form a clamping space 11, in this embodiment, one clamping mechanism 8 has two clamping spaces 11, hydraulic support rods 14 for clamping a workpiece are fixedly connected to the inner sides of four clamping rods 12 of each clamping space 11, the hydraulic support rods 14 of the clamping spaces 11 are symmetrically arranged along the diagonal line of the clamping space 11, and the hydraulic support rods 14 are hydraulic cylinders. The tip that hydraulic pressure vaulting pole 14 and work piece contact is provided with pressure sensing board 15, and pressure sensing board 15 electricity is connected with the atress balancer 21 that is used for adjusting hydraulic pressure vaulting pole 14, and atress balancer 21 is installed on base 1, and the data transfer that senses each point through pressure sensing board 15 to atress balancer 21, the hydraulic pressure vaulting pole 14 of each point is adjusted according to the pressure value to atress balancer 21 for the atress is balanced when pressing from both sides tight to irregular work piece, and the clamping effect is better.
The clamping space 11 of each clamping mechanism 8 is correspondingly connected with the clamping spaces 11 of the other clamping mechanisms 8 through the horizontal rods 9. The bottom ends of the two lowermost clamping rods 12 of each clamping mechanism 8 are respectively hinged with a first connecting rod 16 and a second connecting rod 17, and the bottom ends of the first connecting rod 16 and the second connecting rod 17 are hinged with each other. The hinge points of the first connecting rod 16 and the second connecting rod 17 are fixedly arranged right below the hinge joint 10 of the clamping mechanism 8, specifically, the connecting plate 6 is fixed with a plurality of hinge point fixing seats 18, and the hinge point of each of the first connecting rod 16 and the second connecting rod 17 is fixed on the corresponding hinge point fixing seat 18. In the present exemplary embodiment, the lowermost joint 10 of the central clamping device 8 is connected to the second lifting device 7.
In the whole clamping device, a compression spring 13 is arranged between the clamping rods 12 hinged up and down in each clamping space 11, and when a workpiece is positioned in the clamping space 11 and the compression spring 13 is stretched, the compression spring 13 provides a clamping acting force to further clamp the workpiece. And when the workpiece is processed, the pressure spring 13 can achieve the effect of shock absorption. The base 1 is fixed with the backup pad 19, and the backup pad 19 is located middle clamping mechanism 8 directly behind, and the height of backup pad 19 is greater than middle clamping mechanism 8's height, and the width of backup pad 19 is less than middle clamping mechanism 8's width, just the width of backup pad 19 is greater than the width of articulated joint 10. Each joint 10 in the clamping device is fixed with a support block 20 which can abut against the support plate 19, by moving the clamping mechanism 8 so that the joint 10 of each clamping mechanism 8 can be moved to the front of the support plate 19 and abut against the support plate 19, the support plate 19 provides stability to the clamping mechanism 8 when processing a workpiece.
The specific implementation process is as follows: when the lifting device is used, the second lifting mechanism 7 is started, and the second lifting mechanism 7 drives the hinge joint 10 connected with the second lifting mechanism to move up or down according to the size of a workpiece. When the second lifting mechanism 7 pushes the articulated joint 10 to move upwards, all the articulated joints 10 on the middle clamping mechanism 8 move upwards along the supporting plate 19 by the principle of the link mechanism, so that the clamping space 11 is enlarged, and a plurality of workpieces are respectively placed in each clamping space 11 of the clamping system. And then the second lifting mechanism 7 pulls the hinge joint 10 to move downwards, so that the clamping space 11 is reduced, and the workpiece is clamped. When the workpiece is irregular and the pressure of the hydraulic brace 14 in each clamping space 11 acting on the workpiece is small or zero, the stress balancer 21 controls the hydraulic brace 14 to extend through the pressure signal sent to the stress balancer 21 by the pressure sensing plate 15, so that the hydraulic brace 14 can act on the workpiece, and the irregular workpiece is pressed.
In this embodiment, when the second lifting mechanism 7 drives the clamping space 11 in the middle clamping mechanism 8 to change, the middle clamping mechanism 8 will simultaneously drive the clamping spaces 11 of the two side clamping mechanisms 8 to change consistently through the horizontal rod 9, so as to finally complete the clamping of each clamping space 11 to the workpiece.
When a workpiece is machined, the machining head is aligned to the upper clamping space 11 in the middle clamping mechanism 8, and after the machining head finishes machining one workpiece, the second lifting mechanism 7 drives the clamping device to move upwards, so that the lower clamping space 11 in the middle clamping mechanism 8 is opposite to a machining position, and the machining head can machine the workpiece in the clamping space 11. After the workpieces in the middle clamping mechanism 8 are completely machined, the motor 2 is started, the motor 2 rotates to drive the screw rod 3 to rotate, the screw rod 3 rotates to enable the screw block 4 to move, and therefore the clamping mechanism 8 on the left side or the right side is enabled to be translated to a position to be machined. This scheme can drive whole clamping device through second elevating system 7 and press from both sides tight a plurality of work pieces, and the operation is swift. And when one workpiece is machined, the next workpiece to be machined is moved to a machining position, so that machining of a plurality of workpieces in the whole clamping system is finished finally, and machining efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.