CN109714845B - Induction type air heating method, device and application - Google Patents

Induction type air heating method, device and application Download PDF

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CN109714845B
CN109714845B CN201811603326.8A CN201811603326A CN109714845B CN 109714845 B CN109714845 B CN 109714845B CN 201811603326 A CN201811603326 A CN 201811603326A CN 109714845 B CN109714845 B CN 109714845B
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heat accumulator
induction
heat
heat exchange
accumulator
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CN109714845A (en
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郭孝国
江泽鹏
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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Abstract

An induction type air heating method, a device and an application thereof, wherein the method heats a heat accumulator in an induction heating mode; and the heat accumulator is utilized to carry out heat convection on the air flowing through the heat accumulator, and the required high-temperature air is output. The induction heating device manufactured by adopting the induction heating mode can simultaneously play a heat storage function of the induction heating body when the induction heating device is electrified and continuously operates, has large airflow heat exchange area, high heat exchange efficiency, can quickly heat the airflow, has stable airflow temperature control, and can meet the air heating requirements of different test sites. The induction heating equipment has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, convenient movement, simple structure and easy assembly.

Description

Induction type air heating method, device and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic induction heating equipment, in particular to an induction type air heating device.
Background
The heater used for the conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and the hot jet flow test comprises two types of heat accumulating type heaters with large volume and continuous type heaters with large power. Along with the increase of the number of matched equipment of the wind tunnel, the occupied area of a test site is short, the miniaturization, the compact structure and the high efficiency of a hot jet test system are required, the hot jet test system can be conveniently moved, the volume of the original heat accumulating type heating system is large and cannot meet the requirement, the volume of the continuous type heating system meets the requirement, but the required electric power is very large, and the application of the heater is also limited; in recent years, attention is paid to air preheating by using an induction heating mode, the induction heating mode is a novel heating mode relative to the current thermal effect heating and flame heating of the traditional resistor, the induction heating mode is an advanced heating technology which is efficient, energy-saving, environment-friendly and safe, and related equipment is manufactured in succession and is put into use.
The induction heating technology is widely applied to the industrial fields and the scientific and technical fields of heat treatment, smelting, welding, preheating and the like, eddy current is generated inside a heated material by using an electromagnetic induction method, and the purpose of heating is achieved by means of the energy of the eddy current. The induction heating device is designed based on an induction heating principle and mainly comprises an induction heating coil wound by a hollow red copper pipe and an induction part made of a high-temperature-resistant metal material. The induction heating has the advantages of rapid heating, non-contact, accurate temperature control, high efficiency and low pollution.
According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when applying alternating current to induction heating coil, can produce alternating magnetic field around the coil with inside, place in the inside induction heating member of coil and cut by the magnetic line of force, the inside induced electromotive force that produces of induction heating member, induced electromotive force makes the surface of induction heating member form the current loop, produce the eddy current, go into skin effect, because induction heating member is the metallic conductor who has the resistance value, the eddy current can make induction heating member surface rapid heating up, produce a large amount of heats. If the heat of the induction heating element is used for heating air, the air can be heated to a required high temperature, the eddy current of the induction heating element can be controlled by adjusting the power of the induction heating power supply, and then the temperature of the heating air flow is accurately controlled.
The induction heating equipment is an engineering system, and the core components of the induction heating equipment comprise an induction heating power supply and an induction heating device; the induction heating power supply supplies electric energy for induction heating, and the core device of the induction heating power supply is a power semiconductor power device, and the manufacturing level of the power semiconductor power device determines the technical level of the induction heating power supply. The technical level of the current power semiconductor power device is greatly improved in 90 years than 20 th century, along with the upgrading of high-voltage and high-current products of a field effect transistor (MOSFET) module and an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) module and the improvement of working frequency, a high-power inverter induction heating power supply adopts the IGBT as a power switch device and gradually becomes mainstream, the IGBT of 1200A/4.5KV becomes a commodity, the induction heating equipment power supply is marketized, and the power supply model of an induction heating device has sufficient choice. The other core component is an induction heating device, an innovative design is provided mainly for different application fields, the functional requirements are met, according to statistics and in the industrial field, the efficiency of induction heating is 30% -50% higher than that of a flame furnace and 20% -30% higher than that of a resistance furnace, the induction heating device has an obvious energy-saving effect, and the induction heating device is applied to a wind tunnel heat jet system and has a good application prospect for air heating.
In the field of the national institute of electrical and engineering of pernicious university, in the text of 'effect research on heating air by medium-frequency electromagnetic induction', an air heating device is designed by using a medium-frequency electromagnetic induction heating technology, induction heat generated in an induction piece is used for heating air to obtain the air temperature close to 600 ℃, the induction pieces in several forms are researched to obtain the heating power of a high-temperature air generating device, the surface area of a heating body and the influence of the shape of a heating piece on the air heating characteristic, because a steel bar is directly inductively heated, then normal-pressure air heat exchange is carried out, the device cannot bear pressure, cannot heat air flow with high pressure, and the design cannot be applied to a wind tunnel heat jet system.
The Nie Xin of Hangzhou electronic science and technology university cooperates with Jun tiger all around of Zhejiang university, a novel mixer type high-temperature air heater is designed, and in the text of the experimental research of the novel high-temperature air heater, a novel heater design method combining intermediate frequency heating equipment and a static mixer is introduced, the temperature of heat exchange air reaches 950 ℃, but the heater can only be used for high-temperature air heat exchange under normal pressure, pulverized coal ignition is carried out, high-pressure air of a high-pressure air source cannot be used, the adopted heat storage mode is large in size, the difficulty of temperature control of output airflow is large, and certainly, the heat storage type high-temperature air heater cannot be applied to a wind tunnel hot jet system.
The existing induction type air heating device has the feasibility of preheating high-pressure air in principle, the heating body generates high temperature and can preheat air through the combined design of the induction coil and the central metal heating body, the heater shell adopts a high-pressure resistant design and is tightly wound on the inner wall of the heater shell to form a thick heat insulation layer, in the practical engineering application, the sealing problem is difficult to treat, and no related design method and application exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and an induction type air heating method, device and application are provided.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: an induction type air heating method is realized by the following steps:
heating the heat accumulator in an induction heating mode;
and the heat accumulator is utilized to carry out heat convection on the air flowing through the heat accumulator, and the required high-temperature air is output.
An induction type air heating device comprises an induction coil, a heat accumulator, a heat exchange tube and a fixing plate;
the heat accumulator is of a hollow structure, and an induction coil is arranged in a cavity of the heat accumulator; the heat exchange tubes are fixedly arranged in the heat accumulator and arranged to enable the heat exchange area of the heat exchange tubes to meet the preset requirement; the heat accumulator is fixed on the fixing plate, and two ends of the heat exchange tube are used as the input end and the output end of the whole heating device; the induction coil heats the heat accumulator, and the air input from the heat exchange tube is output after convection heat exchange.
Preferably, the heat accumulator comprises an outer heat accumulator and an inner heat accumulator, the outer heat accumulator and the inner heat accumulator are both of hollow structures, and the inner heat accumulator is arranged in a cavity of the outer heat accumulator; and induction coils are arranged in the space of the inner heat accumulator and in the gap between the inner heat accumulator and the outer heat accumulator, heat exchange tubes are fixedly arranged in the inner heat accumulator and the outer heat accumulator and are connected through connecting tubes, one end of each communicated heat exchange tube is an air inlet, and the other end of each communicated heat exchange tube is a high-temperature air outlet.
Preferably, the inner cavity of the outer heat accumulator and the outer wall of the inner heat accumulator are both conical, and gaps formed between the inner cavity of the outer heat accumulator and the outer wall of the inner heat accumulator are uniform.
Preferably, the arrangement shape of the heat exchange tubes is a spiral shape.
Preferably, the arrangement shape of the heat exchange tubes is a spiral with the same diameter, and the free end of the heat exchange tube at the conical small end of the internal heat accumulator is used as a high-temperature air outlet end.
Preferably, the induction coil is wound into a spiral shape, cooling water is introduced into the induction coil, the insulating heat-resistant layer is wound on the outer layer, the cross section of the induction coil is rectangular or circular, and the induction coil is made of red copper.
Preferably, the heat accumulator is formed by combining an inner layer of metal and an outer layer of metal, mounting grooves corresponding to the arrangement shapes of the heat exchange tubes are respectively formed in the two layers of metal, and the heat exchange tubes are placed in the mounting grooves of the inner layer of metal and are fastened and fixed through the outer layer of metal.
Preferably, the metal is selected from magnetic materials.
The induction type air heating device is suitable for wind tunnel tests of Ma9 and Ma 10 with the pressure of 6-8 MPa and the temperature of more than 650 ℃.
The induction type air heating device carries out a hot jet flow test by introducing compressed air and outputting high-temperature and high-pressure air flow for the test at an outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the induction heating device manufactured by adopting the induction heating mode can simultaneously play a heat storage function of the induction heating body when the induction heating device is electrified and continuously operates, has large airflow heat exchange area, high heat exchange efficiency, can quickly heat the airflow, has stable airflow temperature control, and can meet the air heating requirements of different test sites. The induction heating equipment has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, convenient movement, simple structure and easy assembly.
According to the invention, the rectangular induction coil is arranged in the middle gap between the inner-layer heating body and the outer-layer heating body, the spiral induction coil simultaneously induces the heating body from the inside and the outside, the induction heating area is large, and the structural design meets the requirement of high-efficiency induction heating;
the heat accumulator structurally comprises an inner part and an outer part; during induction heating, the metal inner layer close to the induction coil is used as a heating body; the heat accumulator is formed after the outer cover is installed. The heat accumulator has the advantages of large heat storage capacity, high heating temperature, short heating time, quick induction heating, less heat loss, stable induction heating power and easy control of the temperature of airflow;
the heat exchange tube is processed into a spiral shape and fixed in the heat accumulator, the contact area with the heat accumulator is large, the heat exchange is sufficient, meanwhile, the tube is fixed in a spiral groove of the heat accumulator by adopting a tight fit size, the tube is protected by the heat accumulator outside, the compression strength of the tube at high temperature is greatly improved, and the safety of the tube bearing high-pressure gas inside is improved;
the induction heating device has compact structure, small occupied area and convenient movement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of an induction coil of the induction air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of an outer tub of the induction air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of an external heat generating body assembly of the induction air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a left fixing plate of an outer heating element of the induction type air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the structure of the inner layer of the outer heating element of the induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a structural view of an external heat exchange pipe of the induction air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8(a) is a view showing the upper structure of an outer heating element of the induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 8(b) is a lower structural view of an outer heating element of the induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a view showing a combination structure of an inner heater of the induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a right fixing plate structure view of an inner heating element of the induction type air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a view showing the inner layer structure of an inner heater of the induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a structural view of an inner heat exchange tube of the induction air heating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 13(a) is a view showing the upper structure of the outer layer of the inner heater of the induction air heating apparatus of the present invention,
fig. 13(b) is a lower structure view of an outer layer of an inner heater of the induction air heating apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 13(b) and examples.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the induction coil connected to the power output end is the primary side, the heated metal heat accumulator is the secondary side, and a coreless hollow transformer is formed.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an induction type air heating apparatus includes an induction coil 1, a connecting pipe 2, a heating element left fixing plate 3, an inner heat exchange pipe 4, an outer heat exchange pipe 5, an outer heating element outer layer 6, an inner heating element 7 of an outer heating element, an outer heating element outer layer 8, an inner heating element inner layer 9, an outer tube 10 and a heating element right fixing plate 11; the heat accumulator which performs induction heating with the induction coil 1 in the device consists of an outer heat accumulator and an inner heat accumulator;
as shown in fig. 4, the structure of the external heat storage body of the present invention comprises an outer layer 6 of the external heat generating body, an inner layer 7 of the external heat generating body, and an end flange 11 (also called as a right fixing plate of the heat generating body); the outer 6 of outer heating element is the equal diameter drum, for two upper and lower semicircular structure, can detain together, through welded fastening, constitutes a drum, and the inlayer 7 of outer heating element is a cylinder pipe, and the pipe surface is processed into the helicla flute for installation heat exchange tube 5, overall arrangement like this, under the high temperature condition, the heat exchange tube does not produce the deformation and softens, and the pressure resistance is high, and heat transfer capacity is strong, and the inner tube of the inlayer 7 of outer heating element, the diameter is different, and the shape is a awl section of thick bamboo. When the heat exchange tube is installed, the heat exchange tube is wound on the inner layer 7, the outer layer 6 is buckled on the heating tube 5, the matching is tight, the upper part and the lower part are welded into a whole in a welding mode, then end face flanges are welded, the inner layer heat exchange tube and the outer layer heat exchange tube are identical through connecting tubes to form a heat exchange pipeline, and the heat exchange tube joints are led out from two ends.
As shown in figure 9, the structure diagram of the internal heat accumulator of the invention, the internal heat accumulator also has two layers of inside and outside, the inner layer 9 of the internal heat accumulator is a cylindrical spiral tube, the outer layer 8 of the internal heat accumulator is a conical structure and is divided into an upper semicircle and a lower semicircle, the outer layer 8 of the internal heat accumulator and the spiral groove inside the inner layer 9 are used for installing the heat exchange tube 4, the size of the spiral groove is just matched with the heat exchange tube tightly, when the heat exchange tube is installed, the inner layer 9 of the internal heat accumulator is firstly wound, the upper part and the lower part of the outer layer 8 of the internal heat accumulator are buckled on the heat exchange tube, the upper part and the lower part are integrated by welding, then end face flanges are welded to form an integrated body. The heat exchange tube 4 is communicated with the heat exchange tube 5 through the connecting tube 2 to form a heat exchange airflow channel, high-pressure air is input through an airflow inlet end, the airflow exchanges heat with the heating body, and high-temperature and high-pressure airflow meeting requirements is output at an airflow outlet end.
As shown in fig. 2, an induction coil 1 is installed in a gap between an inner heat accumulator and an outer heat accumulator, cooling water is introduced into the induction coil 1, an insulating heat-resistant layer is wound on an outer layer, the induction coil is rectangular or circular, and the material is red copper; the shape of the induction coil is matched with the outer heat accumulator and the inner heat accumulator, and the induction distance meets the high efficiency requirement of induction heating.
As shown in fig. 7, the heat exchange tube 5 is made of a 310s seamless steel tube and is processed into a spiral shape, the extension length of the stainless steel tube reaches 17m, the heat exchange area and the heat exchange length are large, and the airflow heat exchange is sufficient.
As shown in FIG. 12, the heat exchange tube 4 is processed into a spiral shape, the material of the seamless tube is 310s, and in this embodiment, the length of the inner layer heat exchange tube 4 is 11m, so as to meet the heat exchange requirement of the air flow.
Referring to fig. 3, the outer tube 10 is a cylindrical structure, and the side surfaces of the two sections are provided with screw holes for fixing the left and right fixing plates of the heating element, thereby ensuring the overall size of the heating device.
FIG. 5 is a right fixing plate of the heating element, which is provided with a hole for passing through a heat exchange tube; FIG. 10 shows a left fixing plate of a heating element, which is provided with a hole for passing through an induction coil and a heat exchange tube for high-temperature and high-pressure gas.
The parts of the device are welded into an integral part for assembly, so that the processing difficulty is reduced, and the assembly efficiency is improved. When the device works, the inner and outer layer heating bodies are preheated by induction heating, the temperature of the heat exchange tube 5 is raised to 650 ℃, and airflow is introduced, so that the device can be used for a Ma9 wind tunnel test; in another application, compressed air is introduced, high-temperature and high-pressure airflow is output through the outlet of the heat exchange tube 4, a hot jet flow test is carried out, and the performance of the hot jet flow test is superior to that of the existing air heating equipment.
The invention has not been described in detail in part of the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. An induction air heating device, characterized in that: comprises an induction coil, a heat accumulator, a heat exchange tube and a fixing plate;
the heat accumulator is of a hollow structure, and an induction coil is arranged in a cavity of the heat accumulator; the heat exchange tubes are fixedly arranged in the heat accumulator and arranged to enable the heat exchange area of the heat exchange tubes to meet the preset requirement; the heat accumulator is fixed on the fixing plate, and two ends of the heat exchange tube are used as the input end and the output end of the whole heating device; the induction coil heats the heat accumulator, and the air input from the heat exchange tube is output after convective heat exchange; the heat accumulator comprises an outer heat accumulator and an inner heat accumulator, the outer heat accumulator and the inner heat accumulator are both of hollow structures, and the inner heat accumulator is arranged in a cavity of the outer heat accumulator; and induction coils are arranged in the space of the inner heat accumulator and in the gap between the inner heat accumulator and the outer heat accumulator, heat exchange tubes are fixedly arranged in the inner heat accumulator and the outer heat accumulator and are connected through connecting tubes, one end of each communicated heat exchange tube is an air inlet, and the other end of each communicated heat exchange tube is a high-temperature air outlet.
2. An induction air heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the inner cavity of the outer heat accumulator and the outer wall of the inner heat accumulator are both conical, and gaps formed between the inner cavity of the outer heat accumulator and the outer wall of the inner heat accumulator are uniform.
3. An induction air heating unit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the arrangement shape of the heat exchange tubes is spiral.
4. An induction air heating unit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the arrangement shape of the heat exchange tubes is an equal-diameter spiral shape, and the free end of the heat exchange tube at the conical small end of the inner heat accumulator is used as a high-temperature air outlet end.
5. An induction air heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the induction coil is wound into a spiral shape, cooling water is filled in the induction coil, the outer layer of the induction coil is wound with the insulating heat-resistant layer, the cross section of the induction coil is rectangular or circular, and the induction coil is made of red copper.
6. An induction air heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heat accumulator is formed by combining an inner layer of metal and an outer layer of metal, mounting grooves corresponding to the arrangement shapes of the heat exchange tubes are respectively formed in the two layers of metal, and the heat exchange tubes are placed in the mounting grooves of the inner layer of metal and are fastened and fixed through the outer layer of metal.
7. An induction air heating unit as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the metal is selected from magnetic materials.
8. The induction type air heating device of any one of claims 1 to 7 is suitable for a wind tunnel test of Ma9 and 10 with the pressure of 6-8 MPa and the temperature of more than 650 ℃.
9. An induction air heating apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hot jet test is carried out by introducing compressed air and outputting a test high-temperature high-pressure gas stream through the outlet.
CN201811603326.8A 2018-12-26 2018-12-26 Induction type air heating method, device and application Active CN109714845B (en)

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