CN109713711A - The idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop - Google Patents

The idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop Download PDF

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CN109713711A
CN109713711A CN201810281253.9A CN201810281253A CN109713711A CN 109713711 A CN109713711 A CN 109713711A CN 201810281253 A CN201810281253 A CN 201810281253A CN 109713711 A CN109713711 A CN 109713711A
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inverter
distributed photovoltaic
reactive
power
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CN109713711B (en
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刘皓明
徐晓春
黄晓剑
李峰
王建春
赫卫国
张博
杨志豪
梅飞
韩伟
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Hohai University HHU
HuaiAn Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Hohai University HHU
HuaiAn Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention discloses the idle coordination control strategies of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of failure, comprising: reactive requirement Q when 1) calculating grid voltage sagsAggregate demand；2) the failure apparent energy of each distributed inverter when grid voltage sags is calculated；3) the reactive capability Q of each distributed inverter when grid voltage sags is calculatedimax；4) it is affected by faults degree according to different on-position inverters, proposes corresponding control strategy；5) consider that distributed photovoltaic inverter active reduced value minimizes under failure, in favor of the recovery of active power after Failure elimination.The present invention considers difference, illumination variation and the Voltage Drop degree of actual distribution formula photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter on-position to the transient process of distributed photovoltaic gird-connected inverter and the combined influence of reactive capability, make full use of the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic inverter, active power reduced value is minimum during realizing electric network fault, the active power of distributed photovoltaic is restored after eliminating in favor of grid voltage sags, while avoiding distributed photovoltaic inverter that chain collapse occurs.

Description

The idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop
Technical field
The invention belongs to distributed photovoltaic power generation fields, and in particular under a kind of Voltage Drop distributed photovoltaic inverter without Function coordination control strategy.
Background technique
In recent years, distributed photovoltaic shows develops in flakes, the grid-connected feature of cluster.In distributed photovoltaic cluster permeability In the case where higher and higher, the randomness and fluctuation of distributed photovoltaic power output will generate deep shadow to electricity net safety stable It rings, especially in electric network fault, the unplanned off-grid of distributed photovoltaic cluster can aggravate main power grid energy imbalance, lead to electricity Net collapse of voltage.
Currently, the research for distributed photovoltaic focuses mostly in the voltage & var control to inverter.German engineer association Surely idle control can be proposed, determine power factor controlling, Adjustable Power Factor Current control and Q (U) control.On this basis, there is text Q (U) control strategy for proposing and combining based on Adjustable Power Factor Current control and Q (U) control is offered, all inverters are both participated in Network voltage is adjusted and idle output total amount is minimum, but the strategy needs to obtain nothing of each inverter under different control strategies Function output valve is higher to the reliability requirement of communication system.There are also documents to introduce Adjustable Power Factor Current control for grid entry point voltage In system, according to grid entry point voltage magnitude automatic power adjustment factors curve, the unnecessary idle output of inverter is effectively reduced, But inverter can not export lagging reactive power and be supported to power grid in the strategy.Also there is document to propose reduction inversion simultaneously The active power of device output inhibits overvoltage.
Control for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under electric network fault focuses mostly in the low voltage crossing (LVRT) in large-sized photovoltaic power station, There is document by watt current and reactive current progress coordinated control to inverter, realizes LVRT.Also document considers inversion The capacity limit of device limits watt current by preferentially providing reactive current to realize low voltage crossing.Also there is document spy simultaneously The idle fan-out capability for begging for inverter proposes idle control strategy on this basis, but gives to the reactive power during failure It is fixed not do network analysis.Symmetrical and asymmetric two kinds of fault conditions are considered there are also document to pass through when asymmetrical voltage falls The full symmetric positive and negative sequence rotating coordinate system of structure independently controls positive and negative sequence electric current, realizes low under unbalanced fault Voltage ride-through.It is the research for photo-voltaic power supply single-point concentrated form above, does not account for the higher situation of photovoltaic permeability Under coordinated control between each inverter.So needing to assist for the distributed photovoltaic inverter that multiple spot under fault condition accesses Regulation system.
Summary of the invention
It is each to be distributed when the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to break down for network voltage in current Practical Project Formula photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can not coordinated control unreasonable with active power during making full use of reactive power and failure reduction the problem of, Propose the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of idle coordination control strategy of Voltage Drop distributed photovoltaic inverter, method includes the following steps:
1) according to the operating status of distributed photovoltaic, control point voltage change is detected, in conjunction with " photovoltaic plant accesses power train Unite technical stipulation " in the requirement of fault traversing directive/guide, calculate and total reactive power be provided needed for each inverter under Voltage Drop QAggregate demand；
2) according to intensity of solar radiation and environment temperature and different intervention position inverter common point Voltage Drop situations, meter Calculate the failure apparent energy S of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converteri, and then acquire the reactive power capacity Q of each distributed photovoltaic inverterimax；
3) comparison voltage, which is fallen, provides reactive power and each distributed photovoltaic inverter reactive power needed for lower each inverter Capacity summation, the idle output of each distributed photovoltaic inverter of coordinated control, entire distributed photovoltaic is inverse during realizing failure Become device active power reduced value minimum, so that the active power of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter after Failure elimination is restored.
Further, the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop of the invention, step 1) distributed photovoltaic is ordinarily connected to power distribution network end, needs to consider line impedance, intensity of solar radiation and environment temperature It influences, according to the requirement in " photovoltaic plant access power system technology provides ", the reactive requirement Q of output responseAggregate demand。
Further, the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop of the invention, step 2) specifically includes the following steps:
201, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter failure apparent energy and reactive capability are determined, the method is as follows:
According to power relation:
P2+Q2=S2；
For the idle output area of distributed inverter i under steady-state operation:
In formula, PiAnd QiThe active power and reactive power of respectively every inverter output；SNFor the specified view of inverter In power.
202, consider the active output area of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under intensity of solar radiation, ambient temperature effect:
0≤Pi≤Pmax；
203, under malfunction, in order to avoid inverter current overcurrent, fault of converter apparent energy is introduced:
In formula, UNFor inverter grid entry point voltage under steady-state operation；Grid-connected inverters point electricity when U' is grid voltage sags Pressure；SNFor the specified apparent energy of inverter；SiFor the failure apparent energy of inverter.
204, when grid voltage sags, inverter can work under 1.1 times of apparent energy, thus obtain distributed photovoltaic The reactive capability of inverter:
205, bigger reactive capability in order to obtain, can pass through reduces inverter active power:
In formula, PcurFor the reduced value of active power during Fault Control.
Further, distributed photovoltaic inverter hierarchical coordinative control strategy under a kind of failure of the invention, step 3) tool Body the following steps are included:
301, when grid voltage sags, the distributed photovoltaic inverter of different location access detects that grid entry point voltage is presented Different falls degree, according to the reactive requirement Q for the output response that step 1) and 204 calculateAggregate demandAnd QimaxBoth, by comparing Carry out idle coordinated allocation；
302, work as QAggregate demand≤∑Qimax；Mean that the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic can provide required reactive power, no It needs to reduce active power to improve reactive capability, considers active power loss caused by resistance on route at this time, pass through coordination Each distributed inverter reactive power guarantees that active power loss is reduced；
Each inverter on-position is different, and line impedance can indicate are as follows:
Each distributed photovoltaic inverter output reactive power wattful power as caused by line resistance under grid voltage sags Rate loss may be expressed as:
In formula, uipccGrid-connected common point voltage is detected for inverter under grid voltage sags；QirefIt is mentioned for inverter needs The reactive power of confession, meets constraint condition:
∑Qiref=QAggregate demand；
Utilize Lagrangian algorithm constructor:
F=∑ Δ P+ λ (∑ Qiref-Q)；
Lower relation of plane should be met in order to acquire the minimum value of f:
Enable Qiref=kiQAggregate demand, then by that can obtain:
303, work as QAggregate demand>∑Qimax；Mean that the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic cannot provide required reactive power, needs Active power is reduced to improve reactive capability, considering to reduce by each inverter reactive power of coordinated allocation at this time total has Function power reduction；
The active power summation that distributed inverter reduces under grid voltage sags can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, QirefFollowing constraint condition need to be met:
∑Qiref=QAggregate demand；
It is obtained using Lagrangian method:
F=∑ Pi+λ(∑Qiref-QAggregate demand)；
In order to seek the relationship that the minimum value of f needs to reach following:
And then acquire the reactive power of each distributed photovoltaic inverter distribution:
In order to avoid the reactive power that some inverter distribution occurs in the reactive power for occurring distributing is less than its reactive capability, Improve distribution power are as follows:
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.Those skilled in the art of the present technique can With understanding, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have and this hair The identical meaning of the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in bright fields.It should also be understood that in such as general dictionary Those of definition term, which should be understood that, to be had a meaning that is consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art, and unless picture Here it equally defines, will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop, it should Method the following steps are included:
Step 1), the operating status according to distributed photovoltaic detect control point voltage change, in conjunction with " photovoltaic plant access Power system technology provides " in the requirement of fault traversing directive/guide, calculate provided needed for each inverter under Voltage Drop it is total idle Power QAggregate demand；
Step 2), according to the Voltage Drop situation of grid-connected common point is detected, calculate fault of converter apparent energy and Its reactive capability；
Itself specifically includes the following steps:
Determine photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter failure apparent energy and reactive capability, the method is as follows:
According to power relation:
P2+Q2=S2；
For the idle output area of distributed inverter i under steady-state operation:
In formula, PiAnd QiThe active power and reactive power of respectively every inverter output；SNFor the specified view of inverter In power.
Consider the active output area of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under intensity of solar radiation, ambient temperature effect:
0≤Pi≤Pmax；
Under malfunction, in order to avoid inverter current overcurrent, fault of converter apparent energy is introduced:
In formula, UNFor inverter grid entry point voltage under steady-state operation；Grid-connected inverters point electricity when U' is grid voltage sags Pressure；SNFor the specified apparent energy of inverter；SiFor the failure apparent energy of inverter.
When grid voltage sags, inverter can work under 1.1 times of apparent energy, thus obtain distributed photovoltaic inversion The reactive capability of device:
Bigger reactive capability in order to obtain, can be by reducing inverter active power:
In formula, PcurFor the reduced value of active power during Fault Control.
Step 3) detects common point Voltage Drop degree, each distributed light of coordinated control according to each distributed inverter The idle output of inverter is lied prostrate, entire distributed photovoltaic inverter active power reduced value is minimum during realizing failure, in favor of The active power of distributed photovoltaic inverter is restored after Failure elimination.
Itself the following steps are included:
When grid voltage sags, it is different that the distributed photovoltaic inverter of different location access detects that grid entry point voltage is presented Fall degree, according to step 1) and 204 calculate output response reactive requirement QAggregate demandAnd Qimax, carried out by comparing the two Idle coordinated allocation；
Work as QAggregate demand≤∑Qimax；Mean that the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic can provide required reactive power, does not need Active power is reduced to improve reactive capability, active power loss caused by resistance on route is considered at this time, by coordinating each point Cloth inverter reactive power guarantees that active power loss is reduced；
Each inverter on-position is different, and line impedance can indicate are as follows:
Each distributed photovoltaic inverter output reactive power wattful power as caused by line resistance under grid voltage sags Rate loss may be expressed as:
In formula, uipccGrid-connected common point voltage is detected for inverter under grid voltage sags；QirefIt is mentioned for inverter needs The reactive power of confession, meets constraint condition:
∑Qiref=QAggregate demand；
Utilize Lagrangian algorithm constructor:
F=∑ Δ P+ λ (∑ Qiref-Q)；
Lower relation of plane should be met in order to acquire the minimum value of f:
Enable Qiref=kiQAggregate demand, then by that can obtain:
Work as QAggregate demand>∑Qimax；Mean that the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic cannot provide required reactive power, needs to drop Low active power improves reactive capability, considers to reduce total wattful power by each inverter reactive power of coordinated allocation at this time Rate reduction；
The active power summation that distributed inverter reduces under grid voltage sags can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, QirefFollowing constraint condition need to be met:
∑Qiref=QAggregate demand；
It is obtained using Lagrangian method:
F=∑ Pi+λ(∑Qiref-QAggregate demand)；
In order to seek the relationship that the minimum value of f needs to reach following:
And then acquire the reactive power of each distributed photovoltaic inverter distribution:
In order to avoid the reactive power that some inverter distribution occurs in the reactive power for occurring distributing is less than its reactive capability, Improve distribution power are as follows:

Claims (4)

1. the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop, which is characterized in that this method include with Lower step:
1) according to the operating status of distributed photovoltaic, control point voltage change is detected, in conjunction with " photovoltaic plant accesses electric system skill Art provides " in the requirement of fault traversing directive/guide, calculate and total reactive power Q be provided needed for each inverter under Voltage DropAggregate demand；
2) it according to intensity of solar radiation and environment temperature and different intervention position inverter common point Voltage Drop situations, calculates each The failure apparent energy S of a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converteri, and then acquire the reactive power capacity Q of each distributed photovoltaic inverterimax；
3) comparison voltage, which is fallen, provides reactive power and each distributed photovoltaic inverter reactive power capacity needed for lower each inverter Summation, the idle output of each distributed photovoltaic inverter of coordinated control, entire distributed photovoltaic inverter during realizing failure Active power reduced value is minimum, so that the active power of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter after Failure elimination is restored.
2. the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop according to claim 1, special Sign is that the step 1) distributed photovoltaic is ordinarily connected to power distribution network end, need to consider line impedance, intensity of solar radiation and The influence of environment temperature, according to the requirement in " photovoltaic plant access power system technology provides ", the reactive requirement of output response QAggregate demand。
3. the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter under a kind of Voltage Drop according to claim 1, special Sign is, step 2) the following steps are included:
201, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter failure apparent energy and reactive capability are determined, the method is as follows:
According to power relation:
P2+Q2=S2；
For the idle output area of distributed inverter i under steady-state operation:
In formula, PiAnd QiThe active power and reactive power of respectively every inverter output；SNFor inverter specified view in function Rate.
202, consider the active output area of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under intensity of solar radiation, ambient temperature effect:
0≤Pi≤Pmax；
203, under malfunction, in order to avoid inverter current overcurrent, fault of converter apparent energy is introduced:
In formula, UNFor inverter grid entry point voltage under steady-state operation；Grid-connected inverters point voltage when U' is grid voltage sags；SN For the specified apparent energy of inverter；SiFor the failure apparent energy of inverter.
204, when grid voltage sags, inverter can work under 1.1 times of apparent energy, thus obtain distributed photovoltaic inversion The reactive capability of device:
205, bigger reactive capability in order to obtain, can pass through reduces inverter active power:
In formula, PcurFor the reduced value of active power during Fault Control.
4. the idle coordination control strategy of distributed photovoltaic inverter, feature exist under Voltage Drop according to claim 1 In, step 3) specifically includes the following steps:
301, when grid voltage sags, it is different that the distributed photovoltaic inverter of different location access detects that grid entry point voltage is presented Fall degree, the reactive requirement Q for acquiring output response in conjunction with step 1) and 204Aggregate demandAnd Qimax, nothing is carried out by comparing the two Function coordinated allocation；
302, work as QAggregate demand≤∑Qimax；Mean that the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic can provide required reactive power, does not need to drop Low active power improves reactive capability, considers active power loss caused by resistance on route at this time, passes through and coordinate each distribution Formula inverter reactive power guarantees that active power loss is reduced；
Each inverter on-position is different, and line impedance can indicate are as follows:
Each distributed photovoltaic inverter output reactive power active power as caused by line resistance damage under grid voltage sags Consumption may be expressed as:
In formula, uipccGrid-connected common point voltage is detected for inverter under grid voltage sags；QirefIt is needed for inverter to be offered Reactive power meets constraint condition:
∑Qiref=QAggregate demand；
Utilize Lagrangian algorithm constructor:
F=∑ Δ P+ λ (∑ Qiref-Q)；
Lower relation of plane should be met in order to acquire the minimum value of f:
Enable Qiref=kiQAggregate demand, then by that can obtain:
303, work as QAggregate demand>∑Qimax；Mean that the reactive capability of distributed photovoltaic cannot provide required reactive power, needs to drop Low active power improves reactive capability, considers to reduce total wattful power by each inverter reactive power of coordinated allocation at this time Rate reduction；
The active power summation that distributed inverter reduces under grid voltage sags can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, QirefFollowing constraint condition need to be met:
∑Qiref=QAggregate demand；
It is obtained using Lagrangian method:
F=∑ Pi+λ(∑Qiref-QAggregate demand)；
In order to seek the relationship that the minimum value of f needs to reach following:
And then acquire the reactive power of each distributed photovoltaic inverter distribution:
In order to avoid the reactive power that some inverter distribution occurs in the reactive power for occurring distributing is less than its reactive capability, improve Distribution power are as follows:
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