CN1097136C - 从煤层中现场开采煤气的方法 - Google Patents
从煤层中现场开采煤气的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1097136C CN1097136C CN99810233A CN99810233A CN1097136C CN 1097136 C CN1097136 C CN 1097136C CN 99810233 A CN99810233 A CN 99810233A CN 99810233 A CN99810233 A CN 99810233A CN 1097136 C CN1097136 C CN 1097136C
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
一种从煤层中现场开采气体的方法。为了提高开采率,在本发明的方法中延长了为使煤分解而对钻孔加压的时间。压力低于在被开采的煤层中求出的主压力的最小值,在加压过程中,通过周期性交变的压力对钻孔进行加压。
Description
本发明涉及一种从煤层中现场开采煤气的方法,在这种方法中,为了在煤中形成流动通路,借助于在压力下向在煤层中向下钻出的孔中充入气体和/或液体使含气煤的结构分解,接着,向该孔中施加一个比当时测定的解吸压力小的压力。
借助于从的煤层中向下钻出的孔中现场开采的方法采出的、在矿工无法开采的煤层中所含的甲烷的可开采性由煤中的煤气含量、透气性和疏松度参数所确定,还由煤中所含的各种煤气含量中的甲烷的解吸压力决定。迄今所公知的开采甲烷的基本方法是激励法,这种方法本身在石油开采中是一种公知技术,在这种技术中,通过注入水或一种适合的气体,使在开采煤气所用到的在煤层中向下钻出的孔中短暂地,即,小于一个小时或几个小时的一段时间内处于均匀的高压,例如300-350巴。
这样加压导致一种所谓破碎激发的形成,即,使煤的宏观结构在裂隙等自然的机械薄弱环节出现了破坏。在进行这种加压的同时还引入一种适合的材料,例如一种松散的砂石,这种材料使破坏后的宏观结构保持处于裂开的状态,同时,沿着破裂后的机械薄弱环节形成煤气流动通路。通过这种公知的方法只能扩大通向开采孔的接近面。
这种公知激发的方法具有如下缺点,在可浸透性较低的煤层中,只有当煤中含有高度饱和的甲烷,从而解吸压力较接近所施加的压力时才能达到令人满意的煤气开采率。如果浸透率低的煤中所含甲烷是低饱和的,则当用于当时破碎煤气开采压力下降时,所形成压口的浸透深度只能是很小的。这时,调节得低于解吸压力的钻孔中的开采压力只能对较小体积的煤产生作用,即,直接露出的垂直于各个裂口的煤产生作用。因此,公知的激发技术只能作用在较小的煤层截面上;至少在短暂的时间内不能对大量的煤层产生影响,而且,开采时在煤层中的减压迁移速度太小。
因此,在采气所用到的煤的浸透率低并且解吸压力也小的情况下,为了不超过解吸压力,开采经济上有利的数量的煤所需的时间较长;所以,可达到的煤气开采率可能低到了不能进行经济上有利的开采的程度。
本发明的基本任务是提供一种上述的那种方法,使得煤气的开采率得以提高。
包括本发明的有利的实施和具体设计将从后面的权利要求书的内容中得出以实现本发明的目的。
本发明的基本构思是,为了使煤分解,对较长时间作用的钻孔加压进行调节,使所加压力小于采气所需各煤层平面求出的主应力,在此,在所述加压时间内对钻孔施加周期性变化的压力。
本发明具有如下优点,对采气所需的煤层施加的压力小于在各相应的煤层中算出的最小的主应力,所述相应的煤层在其现有的带有从宏观孔到微观孔结构范围内的孔的复杂断裂系处张开,而在宏观结构中不出现或不必出现新的断裂。在这种孔结构开裂之后,微观裂纹并不会回到其不渗透的初始状态。因为通过较长时间地施加主应力范围内的压力,各微观断裂面之间出现一点相对偏移,而且,由于由此而连接起来的细小颗粒层,在各断裂面上形成一保持不变的间隙,因此,也可以以有利的方式放弃支撑介质(例如沙子)等的使用。
按照本发明,可以以如下的方式使带孔区域内的断裂系张开,即,在开采时,在钻孔中施加周期性交变的压力,从而使被开采煤的带孔区域内发生呼吸,从而使张开过一次的带孔结构不会再次封闭。因此,也促进了各微观断裂面之间的偏移,并促进了在张开的微观带孔结构中形成细小颗粒的输送。
因此,按照本发明的方法,煤的可浸透性是持久的,并且在较大的开采面区域内得到了提高,在接着进行的开采过程中,不必对较大量的煤施加一个低于解吸压力的压力,就可以通过本发明的措施使所述较大量的煤的浸透率提高,以便进行采气。
详细地说,为了测量在特殊情况下调节的压力,对在采气所用到的煤层中占主导地位的最低的主压力进行测量,并将所施加的压力调节得小于求出的主压力;将施加压力的时间延长,可以达到一天至几天或几周。这样长时间地施加所求出的主压力导致煤的多孔结构分解,但不会出现煤层机械结构的变化。
按照本发明的一个优选实施例,在分解时间,对钻孔加压周期与采气周期周期性地交替。
按照本发明的优选实施例,通过压入水或气体对钻孔加压。使用水对钻孔加压时,也可以将矿层中存在着的矿层水压入钻孔中,或者说,通过周期性积累起来的压力,由煤层水的压力激发形成多孔结构的呼吸。以相同的方法,在本发明的另一实施例中,为了对钻孔加压,可以将流入钻孔中的被开采气体返压回钻孔;也可以以压入CO2来代替,这种方案具有一种有利的效果,那就是,在流入CO2的情况下,被开采的甲烷(CH4)粘结在煤上的可能性减小了,因此,被用来加压的CO2气体同时也起到了开采助剂的作用。
在上面的说明书中、权利要求书中和摘要中公开的本申请的主体的特征可以单独地也可以任意组合地通过不同的实施例中实现本发明。
Claims (7)
1.煤层气体的现场开采方法,其中为了在煤中形成流动通路,借助于在压力下向钻入煤层中的钻孔中注入的气体和/或流体,将含气煤的结构分解,接着,为了采气,将一个小于解吸压力的压力施加到孔中,其特征在于:为了使煤分解,对较长时间作用的钻孔加压进行调节,使所加压力小于采气所需各煤层平面求出的最小主应力,在此,在所述加压时间内对钻孔施加周期性变化的压力。
2.如权利要求1的方法,其特征在于:在分解时间,对钻孔加压周期与采气周期周期性地交替。
3.如权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于:通过压入水对钻孔加压。
4.如权利要求3的方法,其特征在于:将在矿层中露出的矿层水作为压入水。
5.如权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于:借助于注入气体对钻孔进行加压。
6.如权利要求5的方法,其特征在于:将流入钻孔的被开采气体返压入钻孔中,用于对钻孔加压。
7.如权利要求5的方法,其特征在于:将CO2作为气体注入钻孔中。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19839866A DE19839866A1 (de) | 1998-09-02 | 1998-09-02 | Verfahren zur in -Situ-Förderung von Gas aus Kohleflözen |
DE19839866.2 | 1998-09-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1320189A CN1320189A (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
CN1097136C true CN1097136C (zh) | 2002-12-25 |
Family
ID=7879472
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN99810233A Expired - Fee Related CN1097136C (zh) | 1998-09-02 | 1999-08-27 | 从煤层中现场开采煤气的方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6571874B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1112437B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1097136C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19839866A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2204166T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL346410A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2206718C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2000014379A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101743377A (zh) * | 2007-07-19 | 2010-06-16 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | 临界解吸压力的现场确定 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10159311B4 (de) * | 2001-08-03 | 2007-02-01 | Wolfgang Herr | In-situ Verdampfung |
US6877566B2 (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2005-04-12 | Richard Selinger | Method and apparatus for causing pressure variations in a wellbore |
US20050082058A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-04-21 | Bustin Robert M. | Method for enhancing methane production from coal seams |
AU2006279679B2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2011-08-04 | University Of Wyoming Research Corporation D/B/A Western Research Institute | Biogenic methane production enhancement systems |
CA2729802C (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2013-06-11 | Ciris Energy, Inc. | Method for optimizing in-situ bioconversion of carbon-bearing formations |
CN101539008B (zh) * | 2009-04-14 | 2012-04-04 | 赵万福 | 煤层气地面立体排采方法 |
SG181644A1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2012-07-30 | Ciris Energy Inc | Biogasification of coal to methane and other useful products |
WO2013005082A1 (es) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-10 | Seeden Foundation | Aparato y metodo para mejorar la producci0n de petroleo mediante la generacion de ondas de choque |
CN103670338B (zh) * | 2012-09-21 | 2016-06-15 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | 一种煤层气与煤共采方法 |
RU2524583C1 (ru) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-07-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный минерально-сырьевой университет "Горный" | Способ интенсификации добычи природного газа из угольных пластов через скважины |
RU2625829C2 (ru) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-19 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем нефти и газа Российской академии наук (ИПНГ РАН) | Способ разработки залежи углеводородов в низкопроницаемых отложениях |
CN109026128A (zh) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-18 | 中国矿业大学 | 多级燃烧冲击波致裂煤体与注热交变强化瓦斯抽采方法 |
CN115163021B (zh) * | 2022-07-13 | 2023-11-03 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种注水注氮抽采瓦斯封孔装置及钻孔布置方法 |
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US5411098A (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-02 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method of stimulating gas-producing wells |
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US5419396A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-05-30 | Amoco Corporation | Method for stimulating a coal seam to enhance the recovery of methane from the coal seam |
US6412559B1 (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-07-02 | Alberta Research Council Inc. | Process for recovering methane and/or sequestering fluids |
-
1998
- 1998-09-02 DE DE19839866A patent/DE19839866A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-08-27 CN CN99810233A patent/CN1097136C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-27 US US09/786,488 patent/US6571874B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-27 DE DE59906375T patent/DE59906375D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-27 WO PCT/DE1999/002693 patent/WO2000014379A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-08-27 RU RU2001108537/03A patent/RU2206718C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-27 PL PL99346410A patent/PL346410A1/xx unknown
- 1999-08-27 ES ES99953624T patent/ES2204166T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-27 EP EP99953624A patent/EP1112437B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
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US5566755A (en) * | 1993-11-03 | 1996-10-22 | Amoco Corporation | Method for recovering methane from a solid carbonaceous subterranean formation |
US5411098A (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-02 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method of stimulating gas-producing wells |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101743377A (zh) * | 2007-07-19 | 2010-06-16 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | 临界解吸压力的现场确定 |
CN101743377B (zh) * | 2007-07-19 | 2014-03-19 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | 临界解吸压力的现场确定 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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PL346410A1 (en) | 2002-02-11 |
ES2204166T3 (es) | 2004-04-16 |
WO2000014379A1 (de) | 2000-03-16 |
EP1112437A1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
EP1112437B1 (de) | 2003-07-23 |
RU2206718C2 (ru) | 2003-06-20 |
DE59906375D1 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
DE19839866A1 (de) | 2000-03-09 |
CN1320189A (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
US6571874B1 (en) | 2003-06-03 |
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