CN109713460A - GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection method - Google Patents
GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection methods, the GNSS omnidirectional antenna includes: antenna radiation unit battle array, antenna mounting frame, rf board and baseband board, antenna radiation unit battle array, it is distributed on spherical crown shape antenna mounting frame, it is connected with rf board, for received radiofrequency signal to be sent to rf board；Rf board is connected with baseband board, and for being filtered enhanced processing to the radiofrequency signal received, by treated, radiofrequency signal is converted into digital signal and is sent to baseband board；Baseband board, for carrying out digital beam froming processing to received digital signal, determine that antenna radiation unit battle array is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's, and according to current gain main spindle's and adjustment phase place, the gain main spindle's for adjusting antenna radiation unit battle array are prediction gain main spindle's.The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention expands the detection angular domain of antenna, and improves the sensitivity of antenna tracking signal location.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to remote sensing application technical field more particularly to a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection sides
Method.
Background technique
With the development of GNSS, GNSS remote sensing comes into being, and is passed in earth atmosphere using radio wave
The signal broadcast or by the variation of the physical quantitys such as the amplitude of the signal after clutter reflections, phase, come inverting earth atmosphere, ocean and
The relevant factor of soil etc., application prospect are extremely wide.
GNSS remote sensing antenna is the Main Load equipment of GNSS remote sensing, for receiving LEO occultation signal and anti-
Detectable signal is penetrated, for comparing general GNSS antenna, the characteristic that GNSS remote sensing antenna needs to have wide visual field and high-gain, so
And since the characteristic is to the more demanding of Antenna Design, current GNSS remote sensing antenna can not detect angular domain from omnidirectional and receive
Signal adjust gain main shaft can not track signal location in real time.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection method, to expand the detection angular domain of antenna, and
Improve the sensitivity of antenna tracking signal location.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antennas, comprising: antenna radiation unit battle array, antenna
Mounting rack, rf board and baseband board；
The antenna radiation unit battle array, is uniformly distributed on the antenna mounting frame, is connected with the rf board, and being used for will
The radiofrequency signal in received multiple channels is sent to the rf board；Wherein, the antenna mounting frame is in spherical crown shape；
The rf board is connected with the baseband board, for being filtered at amplification to the radiofrequency signal received
Reason, by treated, the radiofrequency signal is converted into digital signal, and is sent to the baseband board；
The baseband board carries out digital beam froming processing for the digital signal to received multiple channels, really
The fixed antenna radiation unit battle array is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's, and according to
The current gain main spindle's and the adjustment phase place adjust the gain main spindle's of the antenna radiation unit battle array as institute
State prediction gain main spindle's.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection methods, including；
Control antenna radiation unit battle array receives the radiofrequency signal in multiple channels, and converts digital letter for the radiofrequency signal
Number；Wherein, the antenna radiation unit battle array is equally distributed spherical crown shape aerial array；
Digital beam froming processing is carried out to the digital signal, determines the antenna radiation unit battle array from current gain master
Shaft position is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's；
According to the current gain main spindle's and the adjustment phase place, the gain of the antenna radiation unit battle array is adjusted
Main spindle's are the prediction gain main spindle's, and return to the execution control antenna radiation unit battle array and receive multiple channels
The operation of the radiofrequency signal, until the gain main shaft of the antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of the radiofrequency signal
It sets.
Antenna radiation unit battle array is uniformly distributed on spherical crown shape antenna mounting frame by the embodiment of the present invention, and with rf board phase
Even, then rf board is connected with baseband board, received radiofrequency signal is sent to rf board using antenna radiation unit battle array, is passed through
Rf board is filtered enhanced processing to the radiofrequency signal received, will treated that radiofrequency signal is converted into digital signal is concurrent
It send to baseband board, recycles baseband board to carry out digital beam froming processing to received digital signal, according to current gain main shaft
Position and calculated adjustment phase place adjust the gain main spindle's of antenna radiation unit battle array, by constantly repeating above-mentioned mistake
Journey, until the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of radiofrequency signal.I.e. the embodiment of the present invention is by by day
Beta radiation unit battle array ensure that received radiofrequency signal is the signal in omnidirectional's detection angular domain with the distribution of spherical crown shape, and lead to
The adjustment phase place for calculating be adjusted to prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's in real time is crossed, ensure that GNSS omnidirectional antennas
Line can be with the generation position of real-time tracking to radiofrequency signal.Solving GNSS remote sensing antenna in the prior art cannot detect from omnidirectional
Angular domain receives signal, the problem of tracking signal location, can not expand GNSS remote sensing antenna by adjust gain main shaft in real time
Angular domain is detected, and improves the sensitivity of GNSS remote sensing antenna tracking signal location.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is a kind of structural schematic diagram for GNSS omnidirectional antenna that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 1 b is a kind of electrical block diagram for GNSS omnidirectional antenna that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart for GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection method that the embodiment of the present invention three provides.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.It also should be noted that in order to just
Only the parts related to the present invention are shown in description, attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 a is a kind of structural schematic diagram for GNSS omnidirectional antenna that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, and the present embodiment is applicable
In receiving LEO occultation signal, reflected probe signal and the case where normal signal, which includes: aerial radiation
Unit battle array 1, antenna mounting frame 2, rf board 3 and baseband board 4.
It should be noted that GNSS omnidirectional antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention is generally disposed on receiver, it is described to connect
Receipts machine be arranged below satellite or space base platform, with realize above-mentioned reception LEO occultation signal, reflected probe signal and often
Advise the function of signal.
Antenna radiation unit battle array 1 is uniformly distributed on antenna mounting frame 2, is connected with rf board 3, and being used for will be received more
The radiofrequency signal in a channel is sent to rf board 3；Wherein, antenna mounting frame 2 is in spherical crown shape.
Wherein, antenna radiation unit battle array is the array of mutiple antennas radiating element composition, the multiple antenna radiation unit
It by according to certain orientation, is uniformly distributed on antenna mounting frame, for enhancing the directionality of GNSS omnidirectional antenna, it is complete to improve GNSS
To the gain coefficient of antenna, thus the directional characteristic needed for meeting.Antenna mounting frame is for supporting antenna radiation unit battle array
Physical structure, in the present embodiment, antenna mounting frame are in spherical crown shape, to make the antenna radiation unit battle array being fixed thereon also be in
The distribution of spherical crown shape, typically, antenna mounting frame is hemispherical, and antenna radiation unit battle array is hemispherical to be distributed in antenna mounting frame
On.
The advantages of this arrangement are as follows: compared to the prior art, the side of distribution antenna radiating element battle array in planar structure
Formula, the spherical crown shape mode arranged evenly of antenna radiation unit battle array can expand the detection angular domain of GNSS omnidirectional antenna, make search angle
Domain expands to entire hemispherical space from cone space, is more advantageous to GNSS omnidirectional antenna tracking signal.
The radiofrequency signal in multiple channels refers to the GNSS radiofrequency signal of multiple navigation constellations and/or multiple frequency points, and GNSS
Radiofrequency signal mainly includes GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal or GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal.In the present embodiment, aerial radiation list
The received GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal of first battle array or GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal are for forecasting that LEO occultation event or reflection are visited
The frequency of survey event penetrates signal, and the LEO occultation event refers to that earth atmosphere and ionosphere are passed through in processing, and is cut into the earth
The GNSS navigation signal of atmosphere and Ionospheric Profile, inverting obtain neutral atmosphere temperature and humidity pressure profile and ionospheric electron density
The event of profile, the reflection detection event refer to that the GNSS navigation signal of sea surface reflection is passed through in processing, carry according in signal
Reflecting surface characteristic information (parameters such as waveform, polarization characteristic, amplitude, phase and frequency), obtain Ocean Wind-field information event.
In the present embodiment, antenna radiation unit battle array real-time reception can forecast the radio frequency letter in multiple channels of observed events
Number, and obtained signal is sent to radio frequency version and is handled, further to obtain accurate generation position and the forecast of signal
Event information.
Rf board 3, is connected 4 with baseband board, for being filtered enhanced processing to the radiofrequency signal received, after processing
Radiofrequency signal be converted into digital signal, and be sent to baseband board 4.
Wherein, rf board is to carry out the amplification of radio frequency array, filtering processing and analog-to-digital conversion to the radiofrequency signal received
The circuit of processing, typically, the electrical block diagram of the rf board are as shown in Figure 1 b.
Baseband board 4 carries out digital beam froming processing for the digital signal to received multiple channels, determines antenna spoke
The adjustment phase place that unit battle array 1 is adjusted to prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's is penetrated, and according to current gain master
Shaft position and adjustment phase place, the gain main spindle's of adjustment antenna radiation unit battle array 1 are prediction gain main spindle's.
Wherein, baseband board carries out the circuit of digital beam froming processing to the digital signal in received multiple channels, typical
, the electrical block diagram of the baseband board is as shown in Figure 1 b.
Gain main shaft is the highest antenna radiation unit of yield value in antenna radiation unit battle array by received radiofrequency signal
Determining axis, current gain main spindle's are the gain main spindle's used in current antenna receive process, prediction gain master
Shaft position is after carrying out digital beam froming processing by the digital signal to received multiple channels, and being directed to for predicting receives
The gain main spindle's of signal.
Digital beam froming processing refers to through Beam-former, determines antenna radiation unit battle array from current gain main shaft position
Set the treatment process for being adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's.GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal pass through atmosphere or
GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal will all generate the decaying of signal through sea surface reflection, in order to receive weak radio-frequency signal and mention
For enough signal-to-noise ratio, need to be synthesized using digital signal of the Beam-former to multiple channels, to realize directional reception
The purpose of radiofrequency signal.In the present embodiment, Beam-former is realized based on the FPGA circuitry on baseband board, Wave beam forming
The basic principle of device is exactly that the digital signal using the multiple channels of filter process makes it is expected by changing the weight of filter
The digital signal in direction inhibits the digital signal in other directions by filter.
In the present embodiment, based on the current gain main spindle's of antenna radiation unit battle array, and by received more
The digital signal in a channel carries out digital beam froming processing, and antenna radiation unit battle array can be determined from current gain main spindle's
It is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's, is based on the adjustment phase place, baseband board adjustable antenna radiating element battle array
Gain main spindle's are prediction gain main spindle's, to realize the real-time tracking to signal.
Antenna radiation unit battle array is uniformly distributed on spherical crown shape antenna mounting frame by the present embodiment, and is connected with rf board,
Rf board is connected with baseband board again, received radiofrequency signal is sent to rf board using antenna radiation unit battle array, by penetrating
Frequency plate is filtered enhanced processing to the radiofrequency signal received, and by treated, radiofrequency signal is converted into digital signal and sends
To baseband board, baseband board is recycled to carry out digital beam froming processing to received digital signal, according to current gain main shaft position
It sets and calculated adjustment phase place, adjusts the gain main spindle's of antenna radiation unit battle array, by constantly repeating the above process,
Until the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of radiofrequency signal.I.e. the present embodiment is by by aerial radiation list
First battle array ensure that received radiofrequency signal is the signal in omnidirectional's detection angular domain with the distribution of spherical crown shape, and by counting in real time
The adjustment phase place for being adjusted to prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's is calculated, ensure that GNSS omnidirectional antenna can be real
When trace into the generation position of radiofrequency signal.Angular domain reception cannot be detected from omnidirectional by solving GNSS remote sensing antenna in the prior art
Signal the problem of tracking signal location, can not expand the detection angular domain of GNSS remote sensing antenna by adjust gain main shaft in real time,
And improve the sensitivity of GNSS remote sensing antenna tracking signal location.
Optionally, GNSS omnidirectional antenna further include: RF calibration plate 5；
RF calibration plate 5, it is right for receiving the digital signal of the transmission of rf board 3 between rf board 3 and baseband board 4
Digital signal carries out calibration process, obtains the digital signal in multiple channels of Phase amplitude-matched, and be sent to baseband board 4.
Wherein, RF calibration plate is for generating calibration signal, and acts in the digital signal in multiple channels, each to guarantee
The amplitude-phase consistency in channel, typically, the electrical block diagram of the RF calibration plate are as shown in Figure 1 b.
In general, influenced when the digital signal through radio-frequency front-end acquisition passes through each channel by different hardware delay,
It needs to carry out calibration of amplitude and phase before carrying out digital beam froming processing, i.e., by acquiring and analyzing each channel data, estimation is each
Amplitude difference and phase difference of a channel relative to reference channel, are compensated by digital form, each channel after making correction
Digital signal meets passage consistency index request.Thereby it is ensured that the amplitude-phase consistency in each channel, while also ensuring each logical
The stability in road.
Optionally, baseband board 4 are connected with receiver, for receiving the control instruction of receiver transmission, and by digital signal
It is sent to the receiver.
In this optional technical solution, baseband board is connected with receiver, receives the control instruction that receiver is sent, described
It may include the current location information of receiver in control instruction, can be determined by the location information and carry out digital beam shape
The current gain main spindle's of antenna radiation unit battle array when at processing, to assist realizing baseband board to received multiple channels
Digital signal carry out digital beam froming processing function.This optional technical solution is sent by receiving receiver as a result,
Control instruction, ensure that baseband board accurately determines antenna radiation unit battle array and is adjusted to prediction gain master from current gain main spindle's
The adjustment phase place of shaft position improves GNSS omnidirectional antenna tracking frequency and penetrates the accuracy that signal generates position.
Meanwhile the digital signal that baseband board is also used to will acquire is sent to receiver, and receiver is made to be based on the number letter
Number, sampling, despreading, demodulation and the information for carrying out signal resolve, to obtain navigator fix information, ephemeris and almanac letter
Breath finally establishes the information such as observation time started and the observation end time of detection event
Optionally, GNSS omnidirectional antenna further include: antenna house 6, water-proof connector 7, support plate 8 and bottom plate 9；
Antenna house 6 is connect with antenna radiation unit battle array 1, positioned at the top of GNSS omnidirectional antenna, for preventing aerial radiation
Unit battle array 1 is impaired；
Water-proof connector 7 is connected with antenna mounting frame 2, internal to place rf board 3 and RF calibration plate 5, for preventing
Steam enters inside water-proof connector 7, and fixed antenna cover 6 and antenna mounting frame 2；
Support plate 8, is connected 7 with water-proof connector, is provided with baseband board fixing groove, for fixing baseband board 4, and props up
Support the rf board 3 and RF calibration plate 5 in water-proof connector 7；
Bottom plate 9 is connect with support plate 8, positioned at the bottom end of GNSS omnidirectional antenna, for encapsulating the baseband board of support plate 8
Fixing groove.
Wherein, antenna house is the works for protecting antenna system from external environment influence.It has in electric property
Good electromagnetic wave through characteristic is amenable to the effect of external adverse circumstances in mechanical performance, thus protect antenna system from
It is more stable reliable to make antenna system working performance, while mitigating antenna for the influence of wind and rain, ice and snow, sand and dust and solar radiation etc.
Abrasion, corrosion and the aging of system, prolong the service life.Antenna house can also eliminate wind load and wind moment, reduce rotation day
The driving power of line mitigates mechanical structure weight, reduces inertia, improves intrinsic frequency.
Water-proof connector is can be applied in the environment with water, can guarantee connection in the case where bearing certain water pressures
The connector of device internal mechanical performance, electric property normal use is put inside water-proof connector in this optional technical solution
Rf board and RF calibration plate are set, is mainly used for preventing rf board and RF calibration plate from being invaded by steam, meanwhile, fixed antenna cover
And antenna mounting frame.
Support plate is connected with water-proof connector, can be fixed on the side of water-proof connector, be used to support water-proof connector
In rf board and RF calibration plate, meanwhile, baseband board fixing groove is provided in support plate, for fixing baseband board.Again by base
After band plate is fixed on support plate, needs bottom plate to be installed on the supporting plate, GNSS omnidirectional antenna is made to become an opposing seal
Entirety.
This optional technical solution ensure that GNSS omnidirectional antenna as a complete mechanical structure, has waterproofness
And structural stability
Optionally, it is used between antenna radiation unit battle array 1, rf board 3, RF calibration plate 5, baseband board 4 and receiver
Cable connection.
This optional technical solution connects each main signal reception and processing structure using cable, realizes radio frequency
The complete process process of signal.
Embodiment two
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and the present embodiment can
The case where suitable for receiving LEO occultation signal, reflected probe signal and normal signal, this method can be complete by above-mentioned GNSS
It is executed to antenna.
The method of the present embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 210, control antenna radiation unit battle array receive the radiofrequency signal in multiple channels, and convert number for radiofrequency signal
Word signal；Wherein, antenna radiation unit battle array is equally distributed spherical crown shape aerial array.
In the present embodiment, the controller control antenna radiation unit battle array of GNSS omnidirectional antenna receives the radio frequency in multiple channels
Signal, then the radiofrequency signal in multiple channels is sent to rf board by antenna radiation unit battle array, make rf board to received radio frequency
Signal carries out analog-to-digital conversion process, obtains the digital signal in corresponding multiple channels.In the present embodiment, due to fixed antenna spoke
The antenna mounting frame of unit battle array is penetrated in spherical crown shape, thus make the equally distributed spherical crown shape aerial array of antenna radiation unit battle array,
Typically, antenna mounting frame is hemispherical, and antenna radiation unit battle array is hemispherical to be distributed on antenna mounting frame.
The radiofrequency signal for receiving multiple channels by the antenna radiation unit battle array using the distribution of spherical crown shape as a result, makes to obtain
The detection angular domain of GNSS omnidirectional antenna increases, and tracks signal convenient for GNSS omnidirectional antenna.
Optionally, radiofrequency signal includes: GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal or GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal；
In this optional technical solution, GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal and GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal respectively correspond forecast
LEO occultation event and forecast reflection detection event, it should be noted that except GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal or GNSS-R are penetrated
Outside frequency signal, radiofrequency signal can also be conventional GNSS signal, i.e. the complete of general GNSS antenna may be implemented in GNSS omnidirectional antenna
Portion's function.
Step 220 carries out digital beam froming processing to digital signal, determines antenna radiation unit battle array from current gain master
Shaft position is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's.
In the present embodiment, after getting the digital signal in multiple channels by rf board, the digital signal is sent out
Baseband board is given, baseband board is based on FPGA circuitry and carries out digital beam froming processing to digital signal, determines antenna radiation unit
Battle array is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's, i.e. embodiment passes through digital beam froming
Handling calculated prediction gain main spindle's may be implemented after the filter output in-phase stacking of Beam-former, output
The maximum effect of gain.
Step 230, according to current gain main spindle's and adjustment phase place, adjust the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array
Position is prediction gain main spindle's, and returns to the behaviour for executing the radiofrequency signal that control antenna radiation unit battle array receives multiple channels
Make, until the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of radiofrequency signal.
In the present embodiment, due to the received GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal of antenna radiation unit battle array or GNSS-R reflected radio
Signal is for forecasting that LEO occultation event or the frequency of reflection detection event penetrate signal, that is to say, that in LEO occultation event or instead
Before penetrating the generation of detection event, the GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal or GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal for sending forecast property are first passed through
So that GNSS omnidirectional antenna is adjusted the position of its gain main shaft, makes in the final radiofrequency signal for obtaining reflection actual detection event
When, the gain main shaft of GNSS omnidirectional antenna is just directed toward the generation position of radiofrequency signal, to make the signal strength received most
Greatly.
As a result, when baseband board constantly obtains the digital signal received and processed by front end circuit, to what is received
Digital signal carries out the processing of real-time digital Wave beam forming, the adjustment phase place constantly updated, and in real time more by FPGA circuitry
The gain main spindle's of new GNSS omnidirectional antenna, until the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of radiofrequency signal
It sets.Determine that the decision condition of the generation position of the gain main shaft direction radiofrequency signal of antenna radiation unit battle array may is that nearest one
Secondary acquisition adjustment phase place is less than preset phase, then it is assumed that the generation position of current gain main shaft direction radiofrequency signal.Wherein, radio frequency
The generation position of signal includes transmitting position or the reflection position of GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal of GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal.
Received radiofrequency signal is sent to rf board using antenna radiation unit battle array by the present embodiment, will be connect by rf board
The radiofrequency signal of receipts is converted into digital signal and is sent to baseband board, and baseband board is recycled to carry out number to received digital signal
Wave beam forming processing adjusts the increasing of antenna radiation unit battle array according to current gain main spindle's and calculated adjustment phase place
Beneficial main spindle's, by constantly repeating the above process, until the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the production of radiofrequency signal
Raw position.I.e. the present embodiment is by, with the distribution of spherical crown shape, ensure that received radiofrequency signal is for antenna radiation unit battle array
Omnidirectional detects the signal in angular domain, and is adjusted to prediction gain main spindle's by being calculated in real time from current gain main spindle's
Adjustment phase place ensure that GNSS omnidirectional antenna can be with the generation position of real-time tracking to radiofrequency signal.It solves in the prior art
GNSS remote sensing antenna cannot detect angular domain from omnidirectional and receive signal, can not track signal location by adjust gain main shaft in real time
Problem, expands the detection angular domain of GNSS remote sensing antenna, and improves the sensitivity of GNSS remote sensing antenna tracking signal location.
Embodiment three
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart for GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection method that the embodiment of the present invention three provides, and the present embodiment exists
It further refines, provides before converting digital signal for radiofrequency signal, and in logarithm on the basis of a upper embodiment
Word signal carries out the specific implementation step before digital beam froming processing.The embodiment of the present invention three is provided below with reference to Fig. 3
A kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection method be illustrated, comprising the following steps:
Step 310, control antenna radiation unit battle array receive the radiofrequency signal in multiple channels；Wherein, antenna radiation unit battle array
For equally distributed spherical crown shape aerial array.
Step 320 is filtered enhanced processing to received radiofrequency signal.
It in the present embodiment, can also be to the radio frequency received before radiofrequency signal is converted digital signal by rf board
Signal carries out the amplification of radio frequency array, filtering processing, the quality of the radiofrequency signal to guarantee to carry out analog-to-digital conversion.
Radiofrequency signal is converted digital signal by step 330.
Step 340 carries out calibration process to digital signal, obtains the digital signal in multiple channels of Phase amplitude-matched.
In the present embodiment, after radiofrequency signal is converted digital signal by rf board, the control of GNSS omnidirectional antenna
Device controls the digital signal and is sent to RF calibration plate by rf board, and RF calibration plate calibrates received digital signal
Processing, obtains the digital signal in multiple channels of Phase amplitude-matched.
Assuming that on RF calibration plate, the transmission function of the corresponding N number of different filters in N number of channel are as follows:
H1(w)=α1(w)exp[jβ1(w)]
…………..
HN(w)=αN(w)exp[jβN(w)]
The calibration signal of addition is s (w), and antenna radiation unit battle array generally selects point-frequency signal progress under narrowband condition
Single-frequency point is calibrated, then the signal in received k-th of channel are as follows:
sk(w)=αk(w)exp[jβk(w)] × s (w), k=1,2, L, N
The inconsistent degree of interchannel in order to obtain, using the data in channel 1 as reference signal, then between channel k and channel 1
Difference indicates to obtain with complex division:
Timing incident RF signal selects narrow band signal, and the frequency response function in different channels is to become slowly the time,
It is considered that the amplitude phase error for a certain carrier frequency is a constant, therefore above formula is written as:
Above formula is the calibration of amplitude and phase weight coefficient of a certain carrier frequency w lower channel k.Each reception is needed since amplitude phase error calculates
Amplitude phase error of the channel relative to reference channel, then the antenna radiation unit battle array for being N for array number, calculative correction system
Number is just η=[η1,η2,L,ηN].Based on the correction coefficient, by digital compensation, it can be realized and each channel is calibrated.
Step 350 receives the control instruction that receiver is sent, and digital signal is sent to receiver.
In the present embodiment, the controller control baseband board of GNSS omnidirectional antenna receives the control instruction that receiver is sent,
The control instruction may include the location information for determining receiver current location, be based on the location information, and baseband board can be with
Digital beam froming processing is carried out to digital signal, determines the adjustment phase place of gain main shaft.Baseband board is also by the received number of institute
Signal is sent to receiver, and sampling, despreading, demodulation and the information for so that receiver is carried out signal based on digital signal are resolved, from
And navigator fix information, ephemeris and almanac information are obtained, the observation time started and observation for finally establishing detection event terminate
The information such as time.It should be noted that the operation for the control instruction that above-mentioned reception receiver is sent and digital signal is sent to
The operation of receiver may be performed simultaneously, and can also sequentially execute, and when performed sequentially, not do specific limit to its operation order
It is fixed.
Step 360 carries out digital beam froming processing to digital signal, determines antenna radiation unit battle array from current gain master
Shaft position is adjusted to the adjustment phase place of prediction gain main spindle's.
Step 370, according to current gain main spindle's and the adjustment phase place, adjust the gain of antenna radiation unit battle array
Main spindle's are the prediction gain main spindle's, and return and execute the radio frequency that control antenna radiation unit battle array receives multiple channels
The operation of signal, until the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of radiofrequency signal.
The technical solution of the present embodiment, provides before converting digital signal for radiofrequency signal, and to number
Signal carries out the specific implementation step before digital beam froming processing, by being filtered at amplification to received radiofrequency signal
Reason ensure that the signal quality for carrying out the radiofrequency signal of analog-to-digital conversion, by carrying out calibration process to digital signal, ensure that each
The amplitude-phase consistency in channel, while also ensuring the stability in each channel.
Optionally, after the generation position that the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward radiofrequency signal, further includes:
The target radio frequency signal from generation position acquisition is received, and converts target number signal for target radio frequency signal；
Target number signal is sent to receiver.
Wherein, target radio frequency signal, which refers to, obtains the radiofrequency signal of atmospheric information and Ocean Wind-field information for inverting,
Reflect the radiofrequency signal of actual detection event.
In this optional technical solution, the generation position of radiofrequency signal is directed toward in the gain main shaft of antenna radiation unit battle array
Later, i.e., GNSS omnidirectional antenna determines the generation position of radiofrequency signal by the radiofrequency signal of forecast detection event, and by antenna
The gain main shaft of radiating element battle array is directed toward after the generation position of radiofrequency signal, is opened in conjunction with the observation that receiver establishes detection event
Begin the information such as time and observation end time, and GNSS omnidirectional antenna completes this reality from generation position acquisition target radio frequency signal
Signal amplification, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and the calibration process process in example are applied, the target number signal finally obtained is supplied to
Receiver, for analyzing atmosphere or ocean relevant information in detection event.This optional technical solution as a result, by
After determining that forecast radiofrequency signal generates position, receive the radiofrequency signal of reflection actual detection event, realize to atmosphere or
The detection process of marine information.
Note that the above is only a better embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, be able to carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation,
It readjusts and substitutes without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although being carried out by above embodiments to the present invention
It is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only, without departing from the inventive concept, also
It may include more other equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna characterized by comprising antenna radiation unit battle array, antenna mounting frame, rf board and base
Band plate；
The antenna radiation unit battle array, is uniformly distributed on the antenna mounting frame, is connected with the rf board, for that will receive
The radiofrequency signal in multiple channels be sent to the rf board；Wherein, the antenna mounting frame is in spherical crown shape；
The rf board is connected with the baseband board, will for being filtered enhanced processing to the radiofrequency signal received
Treated, and the radiofrequency signal is converted into digital signal, and is sent to the baseband board；
The baseband board carries out digital beam froming processing for the digital signal to received multiple channels, determines institute
The adjustment phase place that antenna radiation unit battle array is adjusted to prediction gain main spindle's from current gain main spindle's is stated, and according to described
Current gain main spindle's and the adjustment phase place, it is described pre- for adjusting the gain main spindle's of the antenna radiation unit battle array
Survey gain main spindle's.
2. GNSS omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the GNSS omnidirectional antenna further include: radio frequency
Calibration plate；
The RF calibration plate, between the rf board and the baseband board, for receiving the number of the rf board transmission
Word signal carries out calibration process to the digital signal, obtains the digital signal in multiple channels of Phase amplitude-matched, and send
To the baseband board.
3. GNSS omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the baseband board is connected with receiver, is used for
The control instruction that the receiver is sent is received, and the digital signal is sent to the receiver.
4. GNSS omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the GNSS omnidirectional antenna further include: antenna
Cover, water-proof connector, support plate and bottom plate；
The antenna house is connect with the antenna radiation unit battle array, positioned at the top of the GNSS omnidirectional antenna, for preventing
It is impaired to state antenna radiation unit battle array；
The water-proof connector is connected with the antenna mounting frame, internal to place the rf board and the RF calibration plate,
For preventing steam from entering inside the water-proof connector, and the fixed antenna house and the antenna mounting frame；
The support plate is connected with the water-proof connector, is provided with baseband board fixing groove, for fixing the base band
Plate, and support the rf board and the RF calibration plate in the water-proof connector；
The bottom plate is connect with the support plate, positioned at the bottom end of the GNSS omnidirectional antenna, for encapsulating the base of support plate
Band plate fixing groove.
5. GNSS omnidirectional antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the antenna radiation unit battle array, the radio frequency
It is connected between plate, the RF calibration plate, the baseband board and the receiver using cable.
6. a kind of GNSS omnidirectional antenna detection method is applied in GNSS omnidirectional antenna a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5,
It is characterized in that, comprising:
Control antenna radiation unit battle array receives the radiofrequency signal in multiple channels, and converts digital signal for the radiofrequency signal；
Wherein, the antenna radiation unit battle array is equally distributed spherical crown shape aerial array；
Digital beam froming processing is carried out to the digital signal, determines the antenna radiation unit battle array from current gain main shaft position
Set the adjustment phase place for being adjusted to prediction gain main spindle's；
According to the current gain main spindle's and the adjustment phase place, the gain main shaft of the antenna radiation unit battle array is adjusted
Position is the prediction gain main spindle's, and returns to the execution control antenna radiation unit battle array and receive the described of multiple channels
The operation of radiofrequency signal, until the gain main shaft of the antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward the generation position of the radiofrequency signal.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, before converting digital signal for the radiofrequency signal,
Further include:
Enhanced processing is filtered to the received radiofrequency signal.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, carrying out digital beam froming processing to the digital signal
Before, further includes:
Calibration process is carried out to the digital signal, obtains the digital signal in multiple channels of Phase amplitude-matched；
The control instruction that receiver is sent is received, and the digital signal is sent to the receiver.
9. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the radiofrequency signal include: GNSS occultation radiofrequency signal or
GNSS-R reflected radio-frequency signal.
10. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the gain main shaft in the antenna radiation unit battle array is directed toward
After the generation position of the radiofrequency signal, further includes:
It receives from the target radio frequency signal for generating position acquisition, and converts target number letter for the target radio frequency signal
Number；
The target number signal is sent to the receiver.
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| CN201910122693.4A CN109713460A (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection method |
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| CN201910122693.4A CN109713460A (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | GNSS omnidirectional antenna and its detection method |
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