CN109713312A - Anode pole piece and preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Anode pole piece and preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109713312A CN109713312A CN201811600330.9A CN201811600330A CN109713312A CN 109713312 A CN109713312 A CN 109713312A CN 201811600330 A CN201811600330 A CN 201811600330A CN 109713312 A CN109713312 A CN 109713312A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention proposes anode pole pieces and preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery.The anode pole piece includes: collector;Film layer, film layer are coated on collector, and the material for forming film layer includes positive active material, binder, conductive agent and barium carbonate.Anode pole piece proposed by the invention, it wherein joined temperature sensitive resistor ceramic material barium titanate, the program can be switched off internal current in the initial phase that thermal runaway occurs in battery core, to prevent further exothermic reaction, and then can significantly improve the security performance of lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, specifically, the present invention relates to anode pole pieces and preparation method thereof, lithium
Ion battery.
Background technique
Currently, new-energy automobile has become the development trend of Global Auto industry, and power battery is to new-energy automobile
Development play key effect.The demand that course continuation mileage is constantly promoted proposes higher and higher want to battery energy density
It asks, but often brings the decline of security performance while high-energy density promotion.As current Hot spots for development, nickelic ternary is just
The security performance of pole lithium ion battery is paid close attention to by people, as nickel content steps up in its tertiary cathode, anode
The stability of material is decreased obviously, while the side reaction that positive electrode and electrolyte occur increased significantly, and thermal discharge becomes larger.
Therefore, the security performance of lithium ion battery can be further decreased using nickelic positive electrode.
Aiming at the problem that ternary lithium ion battery security, domestic and international a variety of different technical solutions are solved: 1) first
Kind designs core strueture part and improves: for example, dry powder can be filled between battery case and cap, protective device is in battery core
The foreign current safeguard procedures taken in the case that portion is completely out of control, but internal electric current can not be cut off in time;For another example,
At least one room separated with electrochemical active area is formed inside the shell, and burning is slowed down into agent setting indoors, is thus burnt
Slow down agent not contact with electrochemical active area, although the structure can prevent influence of the flame-retardant additive to electrical property, knot
Structure is complex, leads to the decline of the energy density appearance of battery by a relatively large margin.2) second pair of anode improves: nucleocapsid can be used
The ternary material of structure improves safety and cyclicity;Lithium titanate cladding ternary can also be used to improve safety;Or it is logical
The Mn/Ni ratio on raising ternary material surface is crossed to improve safety;But the material preparation method of these methods is complicated, cost
Higher, there is also certain problems for the stability of product.3) the third is to pole piece process modification: can be by the change of conductive agent
To improve electric conductivity and safety;Or improve the dispersibility and safety of slurry by adding lithium carbonate in anode pole piece;
Though these method simple processes, effect is limited, also, thermal discharge is big in battery core thermal runaway, these additives can only also press down
Make a small amount of heat release.
So the anode pole piece of ternary lithium ion battery at this stage still has much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the following discovery based on inventor and completes:
The present inventor has found in the course of the research, and temperature sensitive resistance pottery can be added in the anode pole piece inside battery core
Ceramic material barium titanate improves the technical solution of battery core safety.The program can be cut in the initial phase that thermal runaway occurs in battery core
Disconnected internal current, to prevent further exothermic reaction.The solution of the present invention has method simple, at low cost, to battery core
It can influence the advantages that small.
In view of this, that an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods is simple, improving cost is low and significantly mentions
The anode pole piece of high-lithium ion battery safety.
In the first aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of anode pole pieces.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the anode pole piece includes: collector;Film layer, the film layer are coated on the collection
On fluid, and the material for forming the film layer includes positive active material, binder, conductive agent and barium carbonate.
Inventor has found that the anode pole piece of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein joined temperature sensitive resistance pottery
Ceramic material barium titanate, the program can be switched off internal current in the initial phase that thermal runaway occurs in battery core, to prevent into one
The exothermic reaction of step, and then the security performance of lithium ion battery can be significantly improved.
In addition, anode pole piece according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can also have the following additional technical features:
According to an embodiment of the invention, the positive active material is LiaNixCoyMnzO2, wherein 0≤a≤1.2,0.5≤
X≤1,0≤y≤0.5,0≤z≤0.5, x+y+z=1.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the binder includes in Kynoar, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyimides
At least one.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the conductive agent includes carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber and graphene
At least one.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the granularity of the barium carbonate is 1~10 micron, specific surface area is 0.5~10m2/g、
Powder pH is 7~11.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the total weight based on the film layer, the content of the positive active material is 80~
98wt%, the content of the binder are 0.5~10wt%, and the content of the conductive agent is 0.5~10wt%, the barium carbonate
Content be 0.1~10wt%.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the collector be aluminium foil, and the aluminium foil with a thickness of 10~25 microns.
In the second aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of methods for preparing above-mentioned anode pole piece.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the described method includes: by positive active material, binder, conductive agent, barium carbonate and
Solvent is made into slurry;On a current collector by slurry coating, and compaction treatment is carried out, to obtain the anode pole piece.
Inventor has found that can directly add carbonic acid in the slurry using the preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention
This temperature sensitive resistor ceramic material of barium, then slurry is coated to the anode pole piece that can get high temperature impedance and increase, so as to make
The security performance for the lithium ion battery that the anode pole piece prepared is assembled into is higher, also, the preparation method is simple, at low cost.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that being still applied to the preparation above for feature and advantage described in anode pole piece
The method of anode pole piece, details are not described herein.
In addition, preparation method according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can also have the following additional technical features:
According to an embodiment of the invention, the solvent is methyl pyrrolidone, and the viscosity of the slurry is 1~20Pa
s。
In the third aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of lithium ion batteries.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the lithium ion battery includes cathode pole piece, diaphragm and above-mentioned anode pole piece.
Inventor has found that the lithium ion battery of the embodiment of the present invention, anode pole piece increases with high temperature impedance
High function, so that there is the initial phase of thermal runaway in the battery core in lithium ion battery, the impedance of anode pole piece sharply increase and
Internal current is cut off, and then improves the security performance of lithium ion battery.It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that above for
Feature and advantage described in anode pole piece are still applied to the lithium ion battery, and details are not described herein.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned aspect combination following accompanying drawings of the invention explains the description of embodiment, in which:
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of the anode pole piece of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram for preparing anode pole piece of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the electron scanning micrograph of the barium carbonate powder of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the exchange of addition 0.5wt% barium carbonate at different temperatures in the anode pole piece of one embodiment of the invention
Impedance diagram;
Fig. 5 is the exchange of addition 3wt% barium carbonate at different temperatures in the anode pole piece of another embodiment of the present invention
Impedance diagram;
Fig. 6 is AC impedance of the addition 3wt% barium carbonate at 140 DEG C in the anode pole piece of another embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Appended drawing reference
100 collectors
200 film layers
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, those skilled in the art is it will be appreciated that following example is intended for solving
The present invention is released, and is not construed as limitation of the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, it is not expressly recited in embodiment below specific
Technology or conditions, those skilled in the art can be according to common technology or conditions in the art or according to product description
It carries out.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of anode pole pieces.
According to an embodiment of the invention, anode pole piece includes collector 100 and film layer 200, wherein film layer with reference to Fig. 1
200 are coated on collector 100, and the material for forming film layer 200 includes positive active material A, binder B, conductive agent C and carbon
Sour barium D.
It was found by the inventors of the present invention that the nickelic tertiary cathode of existing ternary lithium ion battery, although addition can be passed through
Conductive agent is to improve electric conductivity and safety, but thermal discharge is big in battery core thermal runaway, these additives can only also inhibit a small amount of
Heat release, and the security performance of lithium ion battery can not be improved significantly.So temperature is added in inventor in anode pole piece
Sensitive resistor ceramic material barium titanate D is spent, in this way, there is the initial phase of thermal runaway in battery core, the impedance of anode pole piece is anxious
Increase severely and add and internal current can be cut off, so as to prevent further exothermic reaction, and then significantly improves the peace of lithium ion battery
Full performance.
According to an embodiment of the invention, Li can be used in positive electrode active material A matteraNixCoyMnzO2, wherein 0≤a≤1.2,0.5
≤ x≤1,0≤y≤0.5,0≤z≤0.5, x+y+z=1.In this way, the anode using nickle cobalt lithium manganate as a positive electrode active material
Pole piece, theoretical gram is held connection and can reach 200Wh/kg or more, so as to make include the lithium ion battery of the anode pole piece energy
Density is higher.
According to an embodiment of the invention, binder B may include Kynoar (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) and gather
At least one of acid imide (PI), in this way, the slurry of coating can be made to have viscous well using the binder of above-mentioned material
Property, so that the planarization for the film layer for forming coating is more preferable, and then make the contact performance of the other structures such as anode pole piece and diaphragm
More preferably.According to an embodiment of the invention, conductive agent C may include carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber and graphene at least
One of, in this way, the electric conductivity that can make anode pole piece using the nano-carbon material of above-mentioned excellent electric conductivity and safety are all more
It is good.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the granularity of barium carbonate D can for 1~10 micron, specific surface area can be 0.5~10m2/g
It can be 7~11 with powder pH, in this way, anode pole piece can be made to have high temperature sensitive well by the barium carbonate D of addition mentioned kind
Perception can quickly be cut off in battery core so that the Charge-transfer resistance of anode pole piece be made to obviously increase in the initial stage of thermal runaway
The electric current in portion, and then play the effect of protection lithium ion battery safety.Also, in barium carbonate D K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and
The impurity contents such as Cr are no more than 0.05%, and the powder shape of barium carbonate D can be ball, bulk, piece shape, aciculiform etc..
According to an embodiment of the invention, the total weight of the film layer based on anode pole piece, the content of positive active material A can be
80~98wt%, the content of binder can be 0.5~10wt%, and the content of conductive agent can be 0.5~10wt%, and barium carbonate contains
Amount can be 0.1~10wt%.In this way, the film layer to form above-mentioned content ratio is coated on the surface of the collector of anode pole piece,
While increasing anode pole piece electric conductivity, it can also make anode pole piece that there is extraordinary high temperature (140 DEG C or so) sensibility, thus
It obviously increases the Charge-transfer resistance of anode pole piece in the initial stage of thermal runaway, can quickly cut off the electric current inside battery core,
And then play the effect of protection lithium ion battery safety.
According to an embodiment of the invention, collector 100 can be aluminium foil, and the thickness of aluminium foil can be 10~25 microns, in this way,
It can make anode pole piece that there is better electric conductivity, and due to the excellent workability of aluminium foil, to make the work for preparing anode pole piece
Skill is simpler, cost is lower.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the specific shape and size of anode pole piece are not particularly limited, this field skill
Art personnel can require correspondingly to be designed according to the specific performance of lithium ion battery, and details are not described herein.It is according to the present invention
The specific thickness of embodiment, film layer 200 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art want according to the actual performance of anode pole piece
It asks and is adjusted correspondingly.
In conclusion according to an embodiment of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of anode pole pieces, wherein it is quick to joined temperature
The resistor ceramic material barium titanate of sense, the program can be switched off internal current in the initial phase that thermal runaway occurs in battery core, from
And further exothermic reaction is prevented, and then the security performance of lithium ion battery can be significantly improved.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of methods for preparing above-mentioned anode pole piece.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 2, which includes:
S100: positive active material, binder, conductive agent, barium carbonate and solvent are made into slurry.
In this step, positive active material A, binder B, conductive agent C, barium carbonate D and solvent E are first made into slurry.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of positive active material A, binder B, conductive agent C and barium carbonate D in the slurry
For (80~98): (0.5~10): (0.5~10): (0.1~10), in this way, using each group of slurry being distributed into of aforementioned proportion
Material has viscosity, higher electric conductivity and high temperature sensitivity suitable for coating.
According to an embodiment of the invention, methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) may be selected in solvent E, in this way, can make as positive-active
The nickle cobalt lithium manganate of substance A, as PVDF, PTFE or PI of binder B, as the carbon black of conductive agent C, graphite, carbon nanotube,
Carbon fiber or graphene can more fully be dissolved in NMP and form uniform slurry for subsequent coating.
S200: on a current collector by slurry coating, and compaction treatment is carried out, to obtain anode pole piece.
In this step, the configured slurry of step S100 is uniformly coated on the surface of collector, and carried out tight
Close compaction treatment, to obtain anode pole piece.According to an embodiment of the invention, the viscosity of the configured slurry of step S100 can be 1
~20Pas, in this way, can be uniformly coated on the surface of aluminium foil, and the profile pattern and uniformity of the film layer after compacting
It is all more preferable.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in the preparation method of the anode pole piece other than above step S100 and S200,
The step of may also include other, specifically such as cutting, cross cutting, winding or lamination, assembly, those skilled in the art can be according to this
The specific design of anode pole piece is correspondingly supplemented and is adjusted, and details are not described herein.
In conclusion according to an embodiment of the invention, can directly add in the slurry the invention proposes a kind of preparation method
Add this temperature sensitive resistor ceramic material of barium carbonate, then slurry is coated to the anode pole piece that can get high temperature impedance and increase, from
And the security performance for the lithium ion battery that the anode pole piece prepared can be made to be assembled into is higher, also, the preparation method it is simple, at
This is low.It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that being still applied to this above for feature and advantage described in anode pole piece
The method for preparing anode pole piece, details are not described herein.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of lithium ion batteries.
According to an embodiment of the invention, lithium ion battery includes cathode pole piece, diaphragm and above-mentioned anode pole piece.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the concrete type of lithium ion battery is not particularly limited, specific such as liquid lithium
Ion battery or polymer Li-ion battery, etc., those skilled in the art are according to the specifically used requirement of the lithium ion battery
It is correspondingly selected with practical service environment.It should be noted that the lithium ion battery is in addition to anode pole piece, diaphragm and cathode
Further include other necessary the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes other than pole piece, by taking liquid lithium ionic cell as an example, specifically for example electrolyte, shell,
Circuit, etc., those skilled in the art correspondingly can be designed and be supplemented according to the concrete type of the lithium ion battery, herein
It repeats no more.
In conclusion according to an embodiment of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of lithium ion battery, anode pole piece has
The function that high temperature impedance is increased, so that the initial phase of thermal runaway, the impedance of anode pole piece occurs in the battery core in lithium ion battery
It sharply increases and cuts off internal current, and then improve the security performance of lithium ion battery.Skilled artisans appreciate that
It is, above for feature and advantage described in anode pole piece, to be still applied to the lithium ion battery, details are not described herein.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only descriptive
, without limiting the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
In this embodiment, nickelic tertiary cathode pole piece is prepared.Specific steps are as follows: first by nickle cobalt lithium manganate, PVDF, carbon
Black and barium carbonate mixes 0.5~10 hour in nmp solution according to a certain percentage, and range of viscosities is made in the equal of 1~20Pas
Even stable slurry, wherein the additive amount of barium carbonate is 0.5wt%;Slurry is uniformly coated on aluminium foil again, and tightly compacted
Obtain anode pole piece.
Wherein, the electron scanning electromicroscopic photograph for the barium carbonate powder which uses, as shown in Figure 3.It can be seen by Fig. 3
Out, the material particle size of barium carbonate powder is about 1~9 micron, and pattern is bulk.
Ac impedance measurement is carried out to the anode pole piece of the embodiment, test results are shown in figure 4.As seen from Figure 4,
When pole piece temperature is low temperature (- 20 DEG C) and high temperature (140 DEG C), the Charge-transfer resistance (impedance) of pole piece shows as half
It arc radius and dramatically increases.Therefore, barium titanate works as lithium ion as a kind of extraordinary temperature sensitive resistor ceramic material
Initial thermal runaway occurs for battery, i.e., when battery core internal temperature is significantly higher (140 DEG C), barium titanate resistance material impedance becomes immediately
Greatly, so as to quickly shut off the electric current inside battery core, the effect of protection battery core safety is played.
Embodiment 2
In this embodiment, according to method and condition substantially the same manner as Example 1, nickelic tertiary cathode pole is prepared
Piece.Difference is that the additive amount of barium carbonate is 0.5wt% in this embodiment.
Ac impedance measurement is carried out to the anode pole piece of the embodiment, test result is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.By Fig. 5,6
It can be seen that, with the variation of temperature, the Charge-transfer resistance (impedance) of pole piece equally shows as semicircle arc radius.And work as
When pole piece temperature is low temperature (- 20 DEG C) and high temperature (120 DEG C), the Charge-transfer resistance of pole piece increases obvious.Comparison diagram 4 and Fig. 5,
6 it has been also found that when the content of barium titanate increases, the Charge-transfer resistance of pole piece becomes larger, therefore further illustrates that barium titanate is
A kind of extraordinary temperature sensitive resistor ceramic material, so, suitable barium titanate additive, neither shadow are added in pole piece
The performance of nickelic positive electrode is rung, and initial phase cutting electric current can occur in battery core thermal runaway, so that thermal runaway be avoided to release
The heat of amplification quantity.
It summarizes
Integrated embodiment 1~2 can obtain, anode pole piece proposed by the invention, wherein joined temperature sensitive resistance
Ceramic material barium titanate, the program can be switched off internal current in the initial phase that thermal runaway occurs in battery core, thus prevent into
The exothermic reaction of one step, and then the security performance of lithium ion battery can be significantly improved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on the figure or
Positional relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must
There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of anode pole piece characterized by comprising
Collector;
Film layer, the material that the film layer is coated on the collector, and forms the film layer include positive active material, bonding
Agent, conductive agent and barium carbonate.
2. anode pole piece according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the positive active material is LiaNixCoyMnzO2,
Wherein 0≤a≤1.2,0.5≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.5,0≤z≤0.5, x+y+z=1.
3. anode pole piece according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the binder includes Kynoar, polytetrafluoro
At least one of ethylene and polyimides.
4. anode pole piece according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conductive agent includes carbon black, graphite, carbon nanometer
At least one of pipe, carbon fiber and graphene.
5. anode pole piece according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the granularity of the barium carbonate is 1~10 micron, compares table
Area is 0.5~10m2/ g, powder pH are 7~11.
6. anode pole piece according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the total weight based on the film layer,
The content of the positive active material is 80~98wt%,
The content of the binder is 0.5~10wt%,
The content of the conductive agent is 0.5~10wt%,
The content of the barium carbonate is 0.1~10wt%.
7. anode pole piece according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the collector is aluminium foil, and the thickness of the aluminium foil
Degree is 10~25 microns.
8. a kind of method for preparing anode pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized by comprising
Positive active material, binder, conductive agent, barium carbonate and solvent are made into slurry;
On a current collector by slurry coating, and compaction treatment is carried out, to obtain the anode pole piece.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the solvent is methyl pyrrolidone, and the slurry
Viscosity is 1~20Pas.
10. a kind of lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that including described in any one of cathode pole piece, diaphragm and claim 1~7
Anode pole piece.
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WO2021238708A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Positive electrode sheet containing high-safety heat-sensitive coating, and lithium-ion battery |
CN114195490A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉中维创发工业研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of ceramic resistor, ceramic resistor and electronic circuit device |
CN116344830A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-27 | 江阴纳力新材料科技有限公司 | High-conductivity low-water-absorption nano carbon-coated current collector and preparation method thereof |
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