CN109711064B - Method and device for simulating numerical wind tunnel by adopting ABAQUS - Google Patents
Method and device for simulating numerical wind tunnel by adopting ABAQUS Download PDFInfo
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- CN109711064B CN109711064B CN201811627098.8A CN201811627098A CN109711064B CN 109711064 B CN109711064 B CN 109711064B CN 201811627098 A CN201811627098 A CN 201811627098A CN 109711064 B CN109711064 B CN 109711064B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for simulating a numerical wind tunnel by adopting ABAQUS, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S1, transversely and equally-high sectioning is carried out on a building elevation to obtain a building cross section, the size and the relative position of the building cross section needing to be simulated and calculated are selected and determined, and a finite element model is built in ABAQUS software; s2, determining a simulated wind speed according to the geographical position of the building and the altitude of the cross section of the building elevation; s3, determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model and finite element model parameters; and S4, calculating the wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of calculation of structural wind load, in particular to a method and a device for simulating a numerical wind tunnel by using ABAQUS.
Background
The building construction load specification provides an empirical algorithm for buildings in different regions and at different heights, however, the algorithm provided in the specification is only applicable to buildings which are simple and regular in shape. If the building facade is complicated in shape, under the influence of the irregular facade, the flow speed and the flow direction of wind are difficult to predict by the traditional method, so that the method provided in the specification is not suitable for determining the wind pressure of each building facade under the condition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for simulating a numerical wind tunnel by adopting ABAQUS so as to realize the computer simulation of wind pressure applied to various vertical surfaces of a complex building model in different wind directions.
To achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a method for using an ABAQUS analog value wind tunnel, comprising the steps of:
step S1, transversely and equally-high sectioning is carried out on a building elevation to obtain a building cross section, the size and the relative position of the building cross section needing to be simulated and calculated are selected and determined, and a finite element model is built in ABAQUS software; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
S2, determining a simulated wind speed according to the geographical position of the building and the altitude of the cross section of the building elevation;
s3, determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model and finite element model parameters;
and S4, calculating the wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters.
Preferably, in step S1, the building facade is cut transversely at equal height to obtain a building cross section, the size and the relative position of the building cross section to be calculated in a simulation are selected and determined, and a finite element model is built in ABAQUS software.
Preferably, in step S2, the simulated wind speed is determined according to the geographical location of the building and the altitude of the cross section of the building elevation by referring to the parameters and formulas provided in the specification, and the simulated wind speed is used as the boundary condition parameter of the finite element model.
Preferably, in step S2, the wind speed at the inlet of the simulated wind field and the wind speed at the boundary around the model are determined, and the wind pressure at the outlet of the wind field is set to zero.
Preferably, in step S3, the parameters required in the reynolds average turbulence model are determined from the relevant aerodynamic references.
Preferably, the desired parameters include, but are not limited to, air density and vortex motion viscosity.
Preferably, after step S4, the method further comprises the following steps of
And S5, comparing the wind pressure result obtained in the step S4 with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or actual wind tunnel test data to verify the accuracy of the wind tunnel result adopting the ABAQUS simulation numerical value.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a device using ABAQUS analog value wind tunnel, comprising:
the building method comprises a finite element model building unit, a building cross section and a finite element model building unit, wherein the finite element model building unit is used for transversely and equally sectioning a building elevation to obtain the building cross section, determining the size and the relative position of the building cross section, and building a finite element model by using ABAQUS software;
the simulated wind speed determining unit is used for determining a simulated wind speed according to the geographical position and the altitude of the building;
the parameter determining unit is used for determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model and finite element model parameters;
and the wind pressure calculation unit is used for obtaining wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters.
Preferably, the finite element model building unit performs transverse equal-height sectioning on all building vertical surfaces, takes the position where the cross section area of the main building in the sectioning surface is the maximum value as the analysis position of the model, determines the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building through the sectioning surface of the analysis position, and inputs the cross section sizes and the relative positions into ABAQUS software to build the finite element model.
Preferably, the device further comprises a verification unit, which is used for comparing the wind pressure result obtained by the wind pressure calculation unit with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or actual wind tunnel test data so as to verify the accuracy of the wind tunnel result adopting the ABAQUS simulation numerical value.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for simulating the numerical wind tunnel by using the ABAQUS acquire the section size and the corresponding position by cutting the complex building elevation, and then simulate turbulence formed by wind by using the Spalart-Allmaras calculation model (belonging to the Reynolds average turbulence model) provided by the ABAQUS, so that the wind pressure of each point of the cutting cross section boundary of the building elevation is calculated, and the computer simulation of the wind pressure of each elevation of the complex building model in different wind directions is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a method of the present invention employing an ABAQUS analog number wind tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of a system employing an ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process using an ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, when considered in light of the accompanying drawings, by describing embodiments of the present invention with specific embodiments thereof. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments and details within the scope and range of equivalents of the various features and advantages of the invention.
Since the mathematical community has not yet obtained an accurate solution of the basic control equation (N-S equation) of the incompressible fluid, a numerical calculation method has to be adopted to approximately solve the N-S equation, and the combination of numerical calculation and finite elements is suitable for computer simulation to greatly improve the calculation efficiency. ABAQUS is a large general-purpose finite element software commonly used for stress strain analysis of solids and rarely used for hydrodynamic analysis. Currently, ABAQUS has added some modules to simulate turbulence, and can simulate wind pressure on the building surface of a complex building facade under fixed wind direction and wind speed.
However, at present, ABAQUS can not introduce modeling files of other software, but has the capability of constructing and combining a rule model, so that a complicated building elevation can only be split to obtain the section size and the corresponding position, and then a Spalart-Allmaras calculation model (belonging to a Reynolds average turbulence model) provided by the software is utilized to simulate turbulence formed by wind, so that wind pressure of each point of a split cross section boundary of the building elevation is calculated.
In particular, the method comprises the steps of,
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a method of the present invention using an ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for simulating the numerical wind tunnel by adopting the ABAQUS comprises the following steps of:
step S1, transversely and equally-high sectioning is carried out on a building elevation to obtain a building cross section, the size and the relative position of the building cross section needing to be simulated and calculated are selected and determined, and a finite element model is built in ABAQUS software. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the building elevation is a complex building elevation, all building elevations are transversely split at equal heights, the analysis position of the model is taken as the position where the cross section area of the main building in the split plane is the maximum value, the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building are determined by the split plane of the analysis position, and the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building are input into ABAQUS software to establish a finite element model.
And S2, determining the simulated wind speed according to the geographical position of the building and the altitude of the cross section of the building elevation. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the simulated wind speed can be determined according to the geographical position of the analyzed building and the altitude of the analyzed section by referring to the parameters and formulas provided in the building structure load specification, and the simulated wind speed is used as the boundary condition parameter of the finite element model established in the step S1, namely, the wind speed at the inlet of the simulated wind field and the wind speed at the boundary around the model are determined, and the wind pressure at the outlet of the wind field is set to be zero.
And S3, determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model and finite element model parameters. In an embodiment of the invention, the required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model, such as air density and vortex motion viscosity, are determined from relevant aerodynamic references. In the finite element model parameters, the unit adopted in the grid division is an 8-node square linear unit (the unit code number in ABAQUS is FC3D 8), and the unit size in the grid division is set according to the precision required by a user. The analysis duration is generally set to 30 seconds to 60 seconds, and the time interval of each analysis is determined by the accuracy required by the user.
And S4, obtaining the wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters. Specifically, after the relevant parameters are determined, ABAQUS software is operated, and the wind pressure results of all points of the cross section boundary of the building elevation are obtained through calculation.
Preferably, after step S4, the method further comprises the following steps of
And S5, comparing the wind pressure result obtained in the step S4 with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or actual wind tunnel test data to verify the accuracy of the wind tunnel result adopting the ABAQUS simulation numerical value. If the comparison result is within the preset threshold, the ABAQUS simulation numerical wind tunnel can be adopted, and if the comparison result exceeds the preset threshold, the ABAQUS simulation numerical wind tunnel is not adopted.
FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of an apparatus employing an ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the device adopting ABAQUS analog value wind tunnel according to the present invention includes:
the finite element model building unit 201 is configured to perform a transverse equal-height sectioning on a building elevation to obtain a building cross section, and determine a size and a relative position of the building cross section through a section plane of the analysis position where a main building cross section area in the section plane is a maximum value as an analysis position of a model, and build the model in ABAQUS software. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the building facade is a complex building facade, the finite element model building unit 201 performs a transverse equal-height sectioning on the building facade of the main building, uses the maximum cross-sectional area of the main building as an analysis position of the model, obtains the cross-sectional dimensions and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building through the sectioning at the height, and inputs the cross-sectional dimensions and the relative positions into ABAQUS software to build the model.
The simulated wind speed determining unit 202 is configured to determine a simulated wind speed according to a geographical location of the building and an altitude at which the analysis location is located. In an embodiment of the present invention, the simulated wind speed determining unit 202 may determine the simulated wind speed according to the geographical location and altitude of the building by referring to the parameters and formulas provided in the building structural load specification, and uses the data as the boundary condition parameters of the finite element model, that is, determine the wind speed at the inlet of the simulated wind field and the wind speed at the boundary around the model, and set the wind pressure at the outlet of the wind field to zero.
And the parameter determining unit 203 is configured to determine a required parameter in the reynolds average turbulence model and a finite element model parameter. In an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter determination unit 203 determines required parameters in the reynolds average turbulence model, such as air density and vortex motion viscosity, according to the relevant aerodynamic references.
And the wind pressure calculation unit 204 is used for obtaining wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters. Specifically, after the relevant parameters are determined, the wind pressure calculation unit 204 calculates wind pressure results of each point of the cross-section boundary of the building facade through ABAQUS software.
Preferably, the device adopting the ABAQUS analog value wind tunnel of the invention further comprises:
and the verification unit is used for comparing the wind pressure result obtained by the wind pressure calculation unit 204 with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or actual wind tunnel test data so as to verify the accuracy of the wind tunnel result adopting the ABAQUS simulation numerical value. If the comparison result is within the preset threshold, the ABAQUS simulation numerical wind tunnel can be adopted, and if the comparison result exceeds the preset threshold, the ABAQUS simulation numerical wind tunnel is not adopted.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process using an ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel in an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the procedure using ABAQUS analog value wind tunnel is as follows:
and firstly, transversely splitting the building elevation at equal height to obtain a building cross section, taking the maximum cross section of the main building as an analysis position of the model, inputting the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building obtained by the height splitting into ABAQUS software, and establishing the model.
And step two, determining the simulated wind speed according to the geographical position of the building and the altitude of the analysis position by referring to the parameters and formulas provided in building structure load specification, and taking the data as boundary condition parameters of a finite element model, namely determining the wind speed at the inlet of the simulated wind field and the wind speed at the boundary around the model, wherein the wind pressure at the outlet of the simulated wind field is set to be zero.
And step three, determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model, such as air density and vortex motion viscosity, according to the relevant aerodynamic references.
And step four, operating software to calculate and obtain a wind pressure result.
And fifthly, comparing the wind pressure result obtained in the step four with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or with actual wind tunnel experimental data to check the accuracy of the software numerical simulation result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the difference between the numerical simulation calculation result of ABAQUS and the calculation result of the method in the specification is only 3% by comparing the wind pressure of the windward side, so that the method can be estimated to be used for estimating the wind pressure of each point of the building section.
In summary, the method and the device for simulating the numerical wind tunnel by using the ABAQUS acquire the section size and the corresponding position by sectioning the vertical face of the complex building, and then simulate turbulence formed by wind in the section of the vertical face of the building by using the Spalart-Allmaras calculation model (belonging to the Reynolds average turbulence model) provided by the ABAQUS, so that wind pressures of all points of the boundary of the section are calculated, and the computer simulation of the wind pressures of all vertical faces of the complex building in different wind directions is realized.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be indicated by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for simulating a numerical wind tunnel by adopting ABAQUS comprises the following steps:
step S1, transversely and equally-high sectioning is carried out on a building elevation to obtain a building cross section, the size and the relative position of the building cross section needing to be simulated and calculated are selected and determined, and a finite element model is built in ABAQUS software;
s2, determining a simulated wind speed according to the geographical position of the building and the altitude of the cross section of the building elevation, and taking the simulated wind speed as a boundary condition parameter of a finite element model;
s3, determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model and finite element model parameters;
and S4, calculating the wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters.
2. A method of using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, all building facades are transversely cut at equal heights, the cross section area of a main building in the cut plane is taken as the analysis position of the model, the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building are determined through the cut plane of the analysis position, and the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building are input into ABAQUS software to build the model.
3. A method of using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the simulated wind speed is determined according to the geographical location of the analyzed building and the altitude of the analyzed section by referring to the parameters and formulas provided in the specification.
4. A method of using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the wind speed at the inlet of the simulated wind field and the wind speed at the boundary around the model are determined, and the wind pressure at the outlet of the wind field is set to zero.
5. A method of using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the parameters required in the reynolds average turbulence model are determined from the aerodynamic references.
6. A method of using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: desirable parameters include, but are not limited to, air density and vortex motion viscosity.
7. A method of using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: after step S4, the method further comprises the following steps of
And S5, comparing the wind pressure result obtained in the step S4 with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or actual wind tunnel test data to verify the accuracy of the wind tunnel result adopting the ABAQUS simulation numerical value.
8. An apparatus for simulating a numerical wind tunnel using ABAQUS, comprising:
the finite element model building unit is used for transversely and equally sectioning the building elevation to obtain a building cross section, selecting and determining the size and the relative position of the building cross section needing to be simulated and calculated, and building a finite element model in ABAQUS software;
the simulated wind speed determining unit is used for determining a simulated wind speed according to the geographical position of the building and the altitude of the cross section of the building elevation, and taking the simulated wind speed as a boundary condition parameter of the finite element model;
the parameter determining unit is used for determining required parameters in the Reynolds average turbulence model and finite element model parameters;
and the wind pressure calculation unit is used for calculating the wind pressure of each point of the cross section boundary of the building elevation by using ABAQUS software according to the parameters.
9. A device for using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel as defined in claim 8 wherein: and the finite element model building unit is used for transversely and equally sectioning all building vertical surfaces, taking the position where the cross section area of the main building in the sectioning surface is the maximum value as the analysis position of the model, determining the cross section sizes and the relative positions of the main building and the adjacent building through the sectioning surface of the analysis position, and inputting ABAQUS software to build the finite element model.
10. A device for using ABAQUS analog scale wind tunnel as defined in claim 8 wherein: the device also comprises a verification unit which is used for comparing the wind pressure result obtained by the wind pressure calculation unit with the result obtained by the standard calculation method or actual wind tunnel test data so as to verify the accuracy of the wind tunnel result adopting the ABAQUS simulation numerical value.
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