CN109709401A - The dielectric properties test method of material under a kind of high temperature, aerobic environment - Google Patents
The dielectric properties test method of material under a kind of high temperature, aerobic environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature, aerobic environment, include the following steps: that material sample is carried out pre-oxidation treatment by (1)；(2) material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is subjected to dielectric properties test.The present invention solves the problems, such as that high temperature aerobic environment brings certain influence to material at high temperature dielectric properties, provides a kind of aerobic environment high temperature dielectric properties test method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dielectrics of material under Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology field more particularly to high temperature, aerobic environment
Performance test methods.
Background technique
Dielectric material performance parameter is the key input of radome electricity structure design.The higher aircraft of flying speed is flying
During row, radome material works under the aerobic environment of high temperature, it may occur that thermal chemical reaction, dielectric properties and height
It is had under warm oxygen-free environment dramatically different.And material at high temperature dielectric properties data be wave transparent mechanism study and electromagnetic wave transparent material selection with
The crucial foundation of development, therefore, it is necessary to the dielectric properties evaluation methods to material under high temperature aerobic environment to study, and accurately comment
The dielectric properties of valence and characterization material lay the foundation for radome selection and electrical properties in high temperatures evaluation.
The most accurate method of dielectric properties for evaluating material under high temperature aerobic environment is that development principle model machine is tested.So
And under high temperature aerobic environment, dielectric properties test macro is developed, needs just to can determine that final choosing by experiment examination repeatedly
Material scheme.Lead time is long, and research and development are at high cost, and technically there is also great risks.The test of maturation not yet domestic at present
System comes into operation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as that high temperature aerobic environment brings certain influence to material at high temperature dielectric properties,
Provide a kind of aerobic environment high temperature dielectric properties test method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides following technical solutions:
1, under a kind of high temperature, aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, include the following steps:
(1) material sample is subjected to pre-oxidation treatment；With
(2) material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is subjected to dielectric properties test.
2, under high temperature according to technical solution 1, aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, the step
(1) include the following steps:
(11) condition of pre-oxidation treatment is formulated；
(12) material sample is placed under conditions of step (11) are formulated and carries out pre-oxidation treatment.
3, the high temperature according to technical solution 2, under aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, in step (11)
In, the working condition in flight course is covered on according to aircraft radars and combines the working performance of pre-oxidation treatment device used
Formulate the condition of pre-oxidation treatment.
4, under high temperature according to technical solution 3, aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, it is described to fly
Journey includes ramp-up period, cruising phase and landing phases；With
The working condition includes time, temperature, height and pressure.
5, the high temperature according to technical solution 4, under aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, the pre-oxidation
The condition of processing includes pre-oxidation treatment device in temperature rise period, the temperature range in constant temperature stage and temperature-fall period, temperature control setting
And pressure.
6, the high temperature according to technical solution 4, under aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, it is each to fly
The working condition of journey is as follows:
Ramp-up period: including the first ramp-up period and the second ramp-up period；
First ramp-up period: the time, temperature rose to 875 DEG C from 320 DEG C from 0 to 80s, highly rose to 18000m from 0, pressure
Power is down to 5000pa from 100000；
Second ramp-up period: the time, temperature rose to 1460 DEG C from 875 DEG C from 80s to 210s, highly from 18000m liter
To 27000m, pressure is down to 1800pa from 5000pa；
Cruising phase: the time, temperature maintained 1460 DEG C from 210s to 905s, highly maintained 27000m, pressure
Maintain 1800pa；
Landing phases: the time, temperature was down to 875 DEG C from 1460 DEG C from 905s to 970s, was highly down to from 27000m
0m, pressure rise to 100000pa from 1800pa.
7, the high temperature according to technical solution 5 or 6, under aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, it is described pre-
Oxidation treatment device is vacuum drying oven.
8, the high temperature according to technical solution 7, under aerobic environment material dielectric properties test method, the pre-oxidation
Treatment conditions are as follows:
Temperature rise period: including the first heating stage and the second temperature rise period；
The first heating stage: temperature rises to 875 DEG C from room temperature, and heating rate is adjusted to maximum, and pressure maintains 5000pa；
Second temperature rise period: temperature rises to 1460 DEG C from 875 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to maximum, and pressure maintains 1800pa；
The constant temperature stage: temperature maintains 1460 DEG C, and temperature constant state, pressure maintains 1800pa；
Temperature-fall period: including the first temperature-fall period and the second temperature-fall period；
First temperature-fall period: temperature is down to 875 DEG C from 1460 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to zero point, and pressure maintains 1800pa；
Second temperature-fall period: temperature is down to room temperature from 875 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to zero point, and pressure maintains 5000pa.
Term " maximum " and " zero point " describe the temperature control capacity of pre-oxidation device vacuum drying oven respectively.
9, according to the dielectric properties test method of material under the described in any item high temperature of technical solution 1 to 8, aerobic environment,
The material sample is electromagnetic wave transparent material sample.
10, according to the dielectric properties test method of material under the described in any item high temperature of technical solution 1 to 8, aerobic environment,
In step (2), the material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is placed in high temperature dielectric properties test cavity and carries out dielectricity
It can test.
Beneficial effect
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention has the advantages that
The present invention carries out high temperature dielectric properties test after carrying out pre-oxidation treatment to material sample again, and inoxidized
Wave material sample compares, so that obtaining influence of the aerobic environment to material at high temperature dielectric properties has more positive meaning.
According to the flight environment of vehicle and operating condition of aircraft, practical flight environment is simulated to greatest extent, formulates material in flight course
In the experimental condition that is oxidized, pre-oxidation treatment is carried out to material, high temperature dielectric properties test is carried out, aerobic environment is obtained with this
The test method of lower material at high temperature dielectric properties.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the change curve of aircraft radars cover surface temperature (DEG C) (s) at any time；
Fig. 2 is the change curve of aircraft altitude (m) (s) at any time；
Fig. 3 is change curve of the normal atmospheric pressure (Pa) with height above sea level (km)；
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are test sample comparison diagrams before and after pre-oxidation treatment；Wherein 4a is the test specimens before pre-oxidation treatment
Product, Fig. 4 b are the test sample after pre-oxidation treatment；
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is 1500 DEG C of high temperature dielectric properties test results of test sample (frequency unit: GHz)；Wherein, Fig. 5 is
The curve that dielectric constant with temperature changes under different frequency, Fig. 6 are the curve that loss angle tangent varies with temperature under different frequency.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, to this hair
Bright technical solution is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and
The embodiment being not all of.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work
Under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of dielectric properties test methods of material under high temperature, aerobic environment, include the following steps:
(1) material sample is subjected to pre-oxidation treatment；With
(2) material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is subjected to dielectric properties test.
Preferably, the step (1) includes the following steps:
(11) condition of pre-oxidation treatment is formulated；
(12) material sample is placed under conditions of step (11) are formulated and carries out pre-oxidation treatment.
It is further preferred that covering on the working condition in flight course and knot according to aircraft radars in step (11)
The working performance for closing pre-oxidation treatment device used formulates the condition of pre-oxidation treatment.In this step, the flight course
Including ramp-up period, cruising phase and landing phases；The working condition includes time, temperature, height and pressure.
Preferably, the condition of the pre-oxidation treatment includes pre-oxidation treatment device in temperature rise period, constant temperature stage and drop
Temperature range, temperature control setting and the pressure of thermophase.
Specifically, the working condition of each flight course can refer to following content:
Ramp-up period: including the first ramp-up period and the second ramp-up period；
First ramp-up period: the time, temperature rose to 875 DEG C from 320 DEG C from 0 to 80s, highly rose to 18000m from 0, pressure
Power is down to 5000pa from 100000；
Second ramp-up period: the time, temperature rose to 1460 DEG C from 875 DEG C from 80s to 210s, highly from 18000m liter
To 27000m, pressure is down to 1800pa from 5000pa；
Cruising phase: the time, temperature maintained 1460 DEG C from 210s to 905s, highly maintained 27000m, pressure
Maintain 1800pa；
Landing phases: the time, temperature was down to 875 DEG C from 1460 DEG C from 905s to 970s, was highly down to from 27000m
0m, pressure rise to 100000pa from 1800pa.
Specifically, the pre-oxidation treatment device can be vacuum drying oven.
Specifically, the pre-oxidation treatment condition can be with are as follows:
Temperature rise period: including the first heating stage and the second temperature rise period；
The first heating stage: temperature rises to 875 DEG C from room temperature, and heating rate is adjusted to maximum, and pressure maintains 5000pa；
Second temperature rise period: temperature rises to 1460 DEG C from 875 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to maximum, and pressure maintains 1800pa；
The constant temperature stage: temperature maintains 1460 DEG C, and temperature constant state, pressure maintains 1800pa；
Temperature-fall period: including the first temperature-fall period and the second temperature-fall period；
First temperature-fall period: temperature is down to 875 DEG C from 1460 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to zero point, and pressure maintains 1800pa；
Second temperature-fall period: temperature is down to room temperature from 875 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to zero point, and pressure maintains 5000pa.
Specifically, the material sample uses electromagnetic wave transparent material sample.
Preferably, in step (2), the material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is placed in high temperature dielectric properties test chamber
Dielectric properties test is carried out in body.
It in some embodiments, further include following steps between step (1) and step (2): after pre-oxidation treatment
Sample and the sample of non-pre-oxidation treatment compare.
It is the embodiment that the present invention enumerates below.
Embodiment 1
Formulating material at high temperature pre-oxidation experimental condition is one of key technology.Aircraft is during practical flight, temperature
Variation is complicated, and in the case that material reacts in aerobic environment, structural constituent is also extremely complex.How maximum mould
Quasi- practical flight environment determines and rises (drop) warm time, rises (drop) warm rate, liter (drop) temperature range, produce corresponding sample into
Row pre-oxidation test, is the research emphasis of aerobic environment high temperature dielectric properties test method.Therefore, it is covered on according to aircraft radars
It is pre- in a vacuum furnace to have formulated electromagnetic wave transparent material sample in conjunction with the running parameter of vacuum drying oven for working condition during practical flight
The experimental condition of oxidation.
1. the working condition of aircraft radars cover
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are respectively the surface temperature of aircraft radars cover and the flying height of aircraft changes with time song
Line.There it can be seen that from the aircraft spontaneous emission moment to 210 second moment be ramp-up period, radome surface temperature is by 320 DEG C
1460 DEG C are rapidly warming up to, flying height rises to 27000 meters of height above sea level by zero point, wherein preceding 80 seconds heating rates and increase rate
Greater than latter 130 seconds；210 seconds to 905 seconds, aircraft was in the high cruise stage, and radome surface temperature is maintained at 1460 DEG C, flew
Row height is maintained at 27000 meters of height above sea level；905 seconds to 970 seconds, aircraft was in the fall-retarding stage, and the rates such as temperature are down to 875
DEG C, also the rates such as intimate are down to zero point to flying height.
Fig. 3 normal atmospheric pressure between 0~80km height above sea level flies with the change curve of height above sea level in conjunction with aircraft
Row height versus time curve (shown in Fig. 2) can learn the atmospheric pressure in different mission phases.Table 1 gives flight
Operating temperature and locating atmospheric pressure of the device radome in different mission phases.
The operating temperature of the different mission phase radomes of table 1 and locating atmospheric pressure
2. the parameter setting of vacuum drying oven
Pre-oxidation device used in the present embodiment is vacuum drying oven.Due to being limited by vacuum drying oven heating rate, at 210 seconds
It is interior by in-furnace temperature by room temperature rise to 1460 DEG C be it is impossible, rate can only be will heat up and be adjusted to highest, make it most short
Time in reach the maximum operation (service) temperature of material.To the west of work big superhigh temperature composite material laboratory vacuum drying oven for, will most
High heating rate is adjusted to 50 DEG C/min of peak, and in-furnace temperature is made to rise to 1460 DEG C by room temperature, this process needs 30 minutes, then will
Room temperature is naturally cooling to furnace after in-furnace temperature holding 690 seconds.
During entire heating and cooling, the atmospheric pressure in furnace is changed by setting vacuum degree, it is contemplated that actual
Engineering operability, make the atmospheric pressure in furnace make whithin a period of time continuously change be it is highly difficult, can only be in different liters
Temperature-fall period makes the atmospheric pressure kept constant in furnace.According to the working condition of radome, the radome electromagnetic wave transparent material overwhelming majority
Time service is in the high cruise stage, and the heating and cooling time of vacuum drying oven is relatively long, therefore, is risen in in-furnace temperature by 875 DEG C
875 DEG C of stages are naturally cooling to 1460 DEG C of stages, 1460 DEG C of stages of constant temperature and by 1460 DEG C, atmospheric pressure in furnace is unified
The atmospheric pressure value (1800Pa) being set as under high cruise state；In-furnace temperature by room temperature rise to 875 DEG C of stages and by
875 DEG C are naturally cooling to the room temperature stage, and atmospheric pressure in furnace is uniformly set as 5000Pa.The design parameter setting of vacuum drying oven is shown in
Shown in table 2.
The parameter setting of 2 vacuum drying oven of table
3. sample test
Using porous silicon nitride (Si3N4) sample tested as typical electromagnetic wave transparent material, using high temperature resistant, can allow as far as possible
The sample holder or container that sample and oxygen come into full contact with, are put into high temperature oxidative atmosphere furnace, heat up according to the condition setting of table 2
Rate and test maximum temperature, open heating.Constant temperature, which finishes, should be initially switched off power supply.Fire door must not be opened immediately, in case burner hearth is prominent
So cooling fragmentation.When temperature drops to 100 DEG C or less, fire door is opened, takes out sample with long handle crucible tongs.Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are shown
Test sample comparison diagram before and after pre-oxidation treatment.Sample such as without strain cracking abnormal conditions, is immediately placed in high temperature after weighing
Dielectric properties are tested in cavity, are tested.Test result is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.In fig. 5 and fig., under different frequency
Dielectric properties variation is little.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. the dielectric properties test method of material under a kind of high temperature, aerobic environment, which comprises the steps of:
(1) material sample is subjected to pre-oxidation treatment；With
(2) material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is subjected to dielectric properties test.
2. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 1, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that institute
Step (1) is stated to include the following steps:
(11) condition of pre-oxidation treatment is formulated；
(12) material sample is placed under conditions of step (11) are formulated and carries out pre-oxidation treatment.
3. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 2, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that
In step (11), the working condition in flight course is covered on according to aircraft radars and combines pre-oxidation treatment device used
The condition of working performance formulation pre-oxidation treatment.
4. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 3, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that institute
Stating flight course includes ramp-up period, cruising phase and landing phases；With
The working condition includes time, temperature, height and pressure.
5. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 4, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that institute
The condition for stating pre-oxidation treatment include pre-oxidation treatment device the temperature rise period, constant temperature stage and temperature-fall period temperature range,
Temperature control setting and pressure.
6. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 4, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that each
The working condition of a flight course is as follows:
Ramp-up period: including the first ramp-up period and the second ramp-up period；
First ramp-up period: the time, temperature rose to 875 DEG C from 320 DEG C from 0 to 80s, highly rose to 18000m from 0, pressure from
100000 are down to 5000pa；
Second ramp-up period: the time, temperature rose to 1460 DEG C from 875 DEG C from 80s to 210s, highly rose to from 18000m
27000m, pressure are down to 1800pa from 5000pa；
Cruising phase: the time, temperature maintained 1460 DEG C from 210s to 905s, highly maintained 27000m, and pressure maintains
In 1800pa；
Landing phases: the time, temperature was down to 875 DEG C from 1460 DEG C from 905s to 970s, was highly down to 0m from 27000m, pressure
Power rises to 100000pa from 1800pa.
7. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 5 or 6, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that
The pre-oxidation treatment device is vacuum drying oven.
8. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to claim 7, aerobic environment, which is characterized in that institute
State pre-oxidation treatment condition are as follows:
Temperature rise period: including the first heating stage and the second temperature rise period；
The first heating stage: temperature rises to 875 DEG C from room temperature, and heating rate is adjusted to maximum, and pressure maintains 5000pa；
Second temperature rise period: temperature rises to 1460 DEG C from 875 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to maximum, and pressure maintains 1800pa；
The constant temperature stage: temperature maintains 1460 DEG C, and temperature constant state, pressure maintains 1800pa；
Temperature-fall period: including the first temperature-fall period and the second temperature-fall period；
First temperature-fall period: temperature is down to 875 DEG C from 1460 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to zero point, and pressure maintains 1800pa；
Second temperature-fall period: temperature is down to room temperature from 875 DEG C, and heating rate is adjusted to zero point, and pressure maintains 5000pa.
9. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 8, aerobic environment, special
Sign is that the material sample is electromagnetic wave transparent material sample.
10. the dielectric properties test method of material under high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 8, aerobic environment, special
Sign is, in step (2), the material sample after progress pre-oxidation treatment is placed in high temperature dielectric properties test cavity and is carried out
Dielectric properties test.
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