CN109708550A - Blind big gun recognition methods based on blasting vibration signal detection - Google Patents
Blind big gun recognition methods based on blasting vibration signal detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to engineering explosion technologies, and in particular to a kind of blind big gun recognition methods based on blasting vibration signal detection.The present invention is based on the blind big gun recognition methods of blasting vibration signal detection, include the following steps: that (1) obtains and records original blasting vibration signal f(t)；(2) the original blasting vibration signal f(t obtained using empirical mode decomposition analytical procedure (1)), the IMF component of blasting vibration signal is obtained, and obtain the principal component component of IMF component；(3) envelope function of main vibration component is obtained；(4) it is confirmed whether to generate blind big gun；(5) position that blind big gun occurs is determined.Of the invention provides a kind of blind big gun recognition methods quickly, economic, reliably based on blasting vibration signal detection, to avoid due to without accurately and timely excluding safety accident caused by blind big gun.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering explosion technologies, and in particular to a kind of blind big gun identification side based on blasting vibration signal detection
Method, the blind big gun identification that can be used in elementary errors hole-by-hole blasting circuit.
Background technique
Engineering explosion a drug amount is larger, to reach good demolition effect and reducing blasting vibration, is generally segmented quick-fried
It is broken, and Millisecond delay is taken to detonate., can be because of some uncertain factors in blasting process, can make can in blasting process
It can generate blind big gun.Explosion is easy to cause accident after generating blind big gun, and traditional blind big gun recognition methods mainly passes through work people
The micro-judgment of member, is as a result often difficult to accurately reflect actual conditions.Therefore, a kind of practical, quick, reliable blind big gun knowledge is studied
Other method, is of great immediate significance.
Summary of the invention
For the state of the art of big gun blind in current blasting engineering identification, the purpose of the present invention is intended to provide a kind of quick, warp
Ji, reliable blind big gun recognition methods, to avoid due to without accurately and timely excluding safety accident caused by blind big gun.
For the purpose of the present invention, the blind big gun recognition methods provided by the invention based on blasting vibration signal detection, specifically
Technical solution specifically includes that
Based on the blind big gun recognition methods of blasting vibration signal detection, include the following steps:
(1) blasting network of hole-by-hole initiation formula is established, and blasting vibration measurement instrument is arranged in the position of record blasting vibration signal
It sets, and records original blasting vibration signal f(t)；
(2) the original blasting vibration signal f(t obtained using empirical mode decomposition analytical procedure (1)), obtain blasting vibration letter
Number IMF component, and obtain the principal component component of IMF component；
(3) the principal component component of the IMF component obtained to step (2) carries out Hilbert transformation, obtains the envelope letter of main vibration component
Number；
(4) envelope function obtained to step (3) is analyzed, and the number of each pole is blasting network reality on envelope function
The detonation other number of section, by it compared with number of theoretical plates, if number is equal, no blind big gun is generated；If number is less than number of theoretical plates ratio
Compared with then generating blind big gun；
(5) the practical burst time that each section of explosive is obtained according to the envelope function that step (4) obtains, by the adjacent segment other burst time
Successively subtract each other the practical priming network design time that can obtain adjacent shot hole, the practical priming network design time is prolonged with explosion design theory
When the time compare, so that it is determined that blind big gun occur position.
The blasting vibration measurement instrument is TC-4850 blasting vibration measurement instrument.
Specific step is as follows for the step (2):
(1) original blasting vibration signal f (t) all Local Extremums are formed into upper and lower envelope with cubic spline interpolation,
The upper and lower envelope includes all data points of signal；
(2) average value for the upper and lower envelope that step (1) obtains is denoted as m1(t), it finds out
(3) to different blasting vibration signal f (t), step (2), which obtains h1 (t), to be an IMF component or not to be an IMF
Component is denoted as c1 (t)=h1 (t) if h1 (t) is an IMF component；If h1 (t) is not an IMF component, at this time by step
(2) h1 (t) signal obtained repeats step (1) ~ step (2) k times as original signal, both obtains the garbled data h1k of kth time
(t):
H1k (t) is an IMF component, it is necessary to there is the termination condition of a screening process, it is continuous by calculating two
Standard deviation SD judgement between processing result:
When the requirement that SD value is 0.1 ~ 0.4, then first h1k (t) met is the first rank, remembers c1 (t)=h1k (t), then c1
(t) the first rank IMF component for being signal f (t)；
(4) the 1st IMF component c for decompositing step (2)1(t) removal from original blasting vibration signal f (t), obtains
Remaining time sequence r1(t):
(5) work as r1(t) when being monotonic function or only existing a pole, then empirical mode decomposition, r are completed1(t) it is denoted as residual
Difference, the r for otherwise obtaining step (4)1(t) step (1) ~ step (4) are repeated as initial data and obtains other ranks point of signal
Amount, such as c1(t)~ ci(t)。
The SD value is preferably 0.2 ~ 0.3.
It is preferred that c2(t), c3(t) or c4It (t) is the principal component component of IMF component.For intrinsic mode function (IMF) component
Principal component component need compare, choose compared with the IMF component that can embody signal message principal component, acquiring principle are as follows: first compare IMF
Component and original signal characteristic, such as waveform variation approximate time point, waveform morphology (usual 1IMF component is noise component(s), the
2,3 and 4 components are main characteristic component)；Selected component waveform information reservation degree is observed, the component compared with after is more due to screening out number
Original shape information can be lost；Comparing back/forth component figure, whether effect is best.
Specific step is as follows for the step (3):
Hilbert transformation is carried out to the principal component component c (t) of the IMF component of selection,
Wherein, H [c (t)] is the Hilbert transforming function transformation function of c (t), and PV is Cauchy's principal value, c(t) it is the IMF that claim 6 is chosen
Principal component component；
Wherein, a (t) is the envelope function of IMF principal component component c (t).
Blind big gun recognition methods provided by the invention based on blasting vibration signal detection, it is possible to prevente effectively from manually experience
Judge the method for blind big gun, and can more effectively identify the position that blind big gun and blind big gun occur.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram for the blind big gun recognition methods that the present embodiment is detected based on blasting vibration signal；
Fig. 2 is the blasting network figure for the blind big gun recognition methods that the present embodiment is detected based on blasting vibration signal；
Fig. 3 is the original blasting vibration signal f(t for the blind big gun recognition methods that the present embodiment is detected based on blasting vibration signal)；
Fig. 4 is signal IMF1 ~ IMF13 component (the i.e. c for the blind big gun recognition methods that the present embodiment is detected based on blasting vibration signal1
(t)~ ci(t),c1(t) corresponding IMF1, c2(t) corresponding IMF2, and so on) and remainder r；
Principal component IMF5 component when the blind big gun recognition methods that Fig. 5 the present embodiment is detected based on blasting vibration signal is without blind big gun；
IMF5 component Hilbert when the blind big gun recognition methods that Fig. 6, which is the present embodiment, to be detected based on blasting vibration signal is without blind big gun
Convert modulus value；
Fig. 7 is IMF principal component component when the present embodiment has blind big gun based on the blind big gun recognition methods that blasting vibration signal detects
Hilbert converts modulus value.
Specific embodiment
It is further detailed below with reference to Fig. 1-6, a kind of blind big gun recognition methods based on blasting vibration signal detection,
Include the following steps (flow diagram that Fig. 1 is the application):
(1) blasting network (establishing according to shown in Fig. 2) of hole-by-hole initiation formula is established, and the setting of blasting vibration measurement instrument is being recorded
The position of blasting vibration signal, and record original blasting vibration signal f(t), f(t) (the present embodiment uses TC- as shown in Figure 3
4850 blasting vibration measurement instrument)；
(2) the original blasting vibration signal f(t obtained using empirical mode decomposition analytical procedure (1)), obtain blasting vibration letter
Number IMF component, and obtain the principal component component of IMF component；The specific steps of the step (2) are as follows:
One, forms all Local Extremums of original blasting vibration signal f (t) (as shown in Figure 3) with cubic spline interpolation
Upper and lower envelope, the upper and lower envelope include all data points of signal；
The average value for the upper and lower envelope that step 1 obtains is denoted as m by two,1(t), it finds out
；
To different blasting vibration signal f (t), step (2) obtains h1 (t) to be an IMF component or not to be an IMF three,
Component is denoted as c1 (t)=h1 (t) if h1 (t) is an IMF component；If h1 (t) is not an IMF component, at this time by step
(2) h1 (t) signal obtained repeats step (1) ~ step (2) k times as original signal, both obtains the garbled data h1k of kth time
(t):
H1k (t) is an IMF component, it is necessary to there is the termination condition of a screening process, it is continuous by calculating two
Standard deviation SD judgement between processing result:
When the requirement that SD value is 0.1 ~ 0.4, then first h1k (t) met is the first rank, remembers c1 (t)=h1k (t), then c1
(t) the first rank IMF component for being signal f (t)；
The 1st IMF component c that four, decomposite step 31(t) removal from original blasting vibration signal f (t), is remained
Remaining time series r1(t):
；
Five, work as r1(t) when being monotonic function or only existing a pole, then empirical mode decomposition, r are completed1(t) it is denoted as residual
Difference, the r for otherwise obtaining step 41(t) step 1 ~ step 4 is repeated as initial data obtain other order components of signal,
Such as c1(t)~ ci(t).(obtaining Fig. 4)
Six, are needed to compare, be chosen compared with the IMF component that can embody signal message principal component to the principal component component of IMF component, are obtained
Principle are as follows: first compare IMF component and original signal characteristic, such as waveform changes approximate time point, waveform morphology (usual the 1IMF minutes
Amount is noise component(s), and the 2nd ~ 5 component is main characteristic component)；Observe selected component waveform information reservation degree, relatively after component due to
Screen out that number is more to lose original shape information；Comparing back/forth component figure, whether effect is best.(obtaining Fig. 5)
(3) the principal component component of the IMF component obtained to step (2) carries out Hilbert transformation, obtains the envelope letter of main vibration component
Number；Specific step is as follows:
Hilbert transformation is carried out to the principal component component c (t) of the IMF component of selection,
Wherein, H [c (t)] is the Hilbert transforming function transformation function of c (t), and PV is Cauchy's principal value, c(t) it is the IMF that claim 6 is chosen
Principal component component；
Wherein, a (t) is the envelope function of IMF principal component component c (t).(obtaining Fig. 6 or Fig. 7)
(4) envelope function obtained to step (3) is analyzed, and the number of each pole is blasting network reality on envelope function
The detonation other number of section, by it compared with number of theoretical plates, if number is equal, no blind big gun is generated；If number is less than number of theoretical plates ratio
Compared with then generating blind big gun；(Fig. 6 is to have the case where the case where blind big gun, Fig. 7 is without blind big gun)
(5) the practical burst time that each section of explosive is obtained according to the envelope function that step (4) obtains, by the adjacent segment other burst time
Successively subtract each other the practical priming network design time that can obtain adjacent shot hole, the practical priming network design time is prolonged with explosion design theory
When the time compare, so that it is determined that blind big gun occur position.
The identification of blind big gun it is main in two steps, the first step judges whether to generate blind big gun: i.e. other according to each section in short-delay blasting
Blasting cap initiation mean that the unexpected load of primary energy, will cause the blasting vibration signal of monitoring point on time-history curves
Primary mutation, Hilbert transformation is carried out to IMF principal component component based on this, the number according to pole each on modulus value figure is
The practical detonation section of blasting network is other, is known that theoretical detonation section is other by explosion planned network, the two, which is compared, to be sentenced
It is disconnected whether to generate blind big gun；Second step identifies the position that blind big gun generates: short-delay blasting time delay interval can be defined as front and back adjacent two
Section the blasting cap initiation moment between time difference interval, can in the hope of adjacent segment it is other between practical Initiation time interval, by practical detonation
Interval time compares in theoretical Initiation time interval judges that blind emplacement is set.
It is specifically described as follows:
Fig. 6 is IMF5 component Hilbert transformation modulus value (without blind big gun)；The time point of the corresponding abscissa of each pole is just on modulus value figure
It is the practical detonation moment of short-delay blasting detonator.It can be clearly seen that the Hilbert of signal principal component converts mould from Fig. 6
Obviously there are 7 local singular points in value figure, and the time point that local singular point occurs is respectively 55ms, 99ms, 151ms,
247ms, 343ms, 449ms, 496ms.Illustrate that short-delay blasting vibration signal shown in Fig. 3 is superimposed by 7 sections of blasting vibration waveforms
It is formed afterwards.Short-delay blasting time delay interval can be defined as the time difference interval between the adjacent two sections of blasting cap initiation moment of front and back, then
To each section of other detonator practical detonation moment be respectively 44ms, 52ms, 96 ms, 96 ms, 106 ms, 47ms.
IMF5 component Hilbert as shown in FIG. 6 converts modulus value, there is 7 extreme points, and no blind big gun generates.
Fig. 7 is principal component component Hilbert transformation modulus value (having blind big gun)；It can clearly be seen that 6 parts are odd from Fig. 6
The time point that dissimilarity occurs is respectively 55ms, 99ms, 151ms, 247ms, 343ms, 496ms.It is equally available according to Fig. 5
Each section of other detonator practical detonation moment is respectively 44ms, 52ms, 96 ms, 96 ms, 153ms.
Principal component component Hilbert as shown in Figure 7 converts modulus value, there is 6 extreme points, has blind big gun to generate, and judge to produce
The number of raw blind big gun and blind big gun is 1；Second step judges that blind big gun generates position, and successively to acquire, adjacent segment is other to prolong specific method
Slow interval time, as shown in table 1, the 5th section of Initiation time interval are 153ms, not corresponding with design theory value, but interval time
Between the 5th section and the 6th section theoretical interval time within (120ms ~ 430ms), then judge that blind gun commander is born in this position, i.e., the 6th
A blasthole is not detonated, and blind big gun is produced.Quickly determine whether to occur blind big gun so can be convenient through the invention and find
The position of blind big gun occurs.
1 blasting network theory of table and actual time delay list position: ms
Claims (6)
1. the blind big gun recognition methods based on blasting vibration signal detection, which comprises the steps of:
(1) blasting network of hole-by-hole initiation formula is established, and blasting vibration measurement instrument is arranged in the position of record blasting vibration signal
It sets, and records original blasting vibration signal f(t)；
(2) the original blasting vibration signal f(t obtained using empirical mode decomposition analytical procedure (1)), obtain blasting vibration letter
Number IMF component, and obtain the principal component component of IMF component；
(3) the principal component component of the IMF component obtained to step (2) carries out Hilbert transformation, obtains the envelope letter of main vibration component
Number；
(4) envelope function obtained to step (3) is analyzed, and the number of each pole is blasting network reality on envelope function
The detonation other number of section, by it compared with number of theoretical plates, if number is equal, no blind big gun is generated；If number is less than number of theoretical plates ratio
Compared with then generating blind big gun；
(5) the practical burst time that each section of explosive is obtained according to the envelope function that step (4) obtains, by the adjacent segment other burst time
Successively subtract each other the practical priming network design time that can obtain adjacent shot hole, the practical priming network design time is prolonged with explosion design theory
When the time compare, so that it is determined that blind big gun occur position.
2. the blind big gun recognition methods according to claim 1 based on blasting vibration signal detection, it is characterised in that: described quick-fried
Broken vibration measurement instrument is TC-4850 blasting vibration measurement instrument.
3. the blind big gun recognition methods according to claim 1 based on blasting vibration signal detection, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (2) specific step is as follows:
(1) original blasting vibration signal f (t) all Local Extremums are formed into upper and lower envelope with cubic spline interpolation,
The upper and lower envelope includes all data points of signal；
(2) average value for the upper and lower envelope that step (1) obtains is denoted as m1(t), it finds out
(3) to different blasting vibration signal f (t), step (2), which obtains h1 (t), to be an IMF component or not to be an IMF
Component is denoted as c1 (t)=h1 (t) if h1 (t) is an IMF component；If h1 (t) is not an IMF component, at this time by step
(2) h1 (t) signal obtained repeats step (1) ~ step (2) k times as original signal, both obtains the garbled data h1k of kth time
(t):
H1k (t) is an IMF component, is judged by the standard deviation SD calculated between two continuous processing results:
When the requirement that SD value is 0.1 ~ 0.4, then first h1k (t) met is the first rank, remembers c1 (t)=h1k (t), then c1
(t) the first rank IMF component for being signal f (t)；
(4) the 1st IMF component c for decompositing step (2)1(t) removal from original blasting vibration signal f (t), is remained
Remaining time series r1(t):
(5) work as r1(t) when being monotonic function or only existing a pole, then empirical mode decomposition, r are completed1(t) it is denoted as residual error,
Otherwise r step (4) obtained1(t) step (1) ~ step (4) are repeated as initial data and obtain other order components of signal,
Such as c1(t)~ ci(t)。
4. the blind big gun recognition methods according to claim 3 based on blasting vibration signal detection, it is characterised in that: the SD
Value is preferably 0.2 ~ 0.3.
5. the blind big gun recognition methods according to claim 3 based on blasting vibration signal detection, it is characterised in that: preferred c2
(t), c3(t) or c4It (t) is principal component component.
6. the blind big gun recognition methods according to claim 1 based on blasting vibration signal detection, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (3) specific step is as follows: Hilbert transformation is carried out to the principal component component c (t) of the IMF component of selection,
Wherein, H [c (t)] is the Hilbert transforming function transformation function of c (t), and PV is Cauchy's principal value, c(t) it is the IMF that claim 6 is chosen
Principal component component；
Wherein, a (t) is the envelope function of IMF principal component component c (t).
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| CN110865171A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-06 | 北京龙德时代技术服务有限公司 | Blasting safety analysis method and system based on digital noise detection |
| CN112611275A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 江西理工大学 | Detection method for blasting blind gun |
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