CN109708549A - The automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material - Google Patents
The automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material, which comprises the following steps: step 1. setting area GPS information controls unmanned plane course line；Step 2. carries out explosion using primary blasting parameter to quick-fried area；Step 3. is by taking photo by plane to obtain the grit level parameter of quick-fried heap；Step 4. obtains amendment rock mass coefficient A using unmanned plane；Step 5. is adjusted blasting parameter according to amendment rock mass coefficient A, obtains revised new blasting parameter: pitch-row a, burden W and dynamite quantity per hole Q；Step 6. is updated primary blasting parameter using new blasting parameter, carries out next round explosion design and construction.This method can it is quick-fried it is preceding fast and accurately obtain rock mass parameter, it is quick-fried after fast and accurately obtain quick-fried heap lumpiness information and adjustment optimized to explosion drill-and-blast method using the two information automatic feedbacks, so that the amount of labour and risk be greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering explosion technical fields, are related to a kind of automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material.
Technical background
Forbid exploiting in view of resource shortage and more and more natural aggregate factories, artificial aggregate market development is fast
Speed, annual output is up to 20,000,000,000 tons, 2/3 or so of Zhan Quanguo output of mineral product, and wherein gradating material blasting excavation is artificial aggregate production
Important link.
In mine, ROCK MASS JOINT, crack be not uniformly it is constant, difference excavate regions may rock mass parameters difference very
Greatly, and ROCK MASS JOINT, crack have a significant impact to the LUMPINESS DISTRIBUTION of explosion, then in real time according to demolition effect carry out blasting parameter
Amendment seem particularly significant.In terms of carrying out drill-and-blast method adjustment, traditional means be examined on the spot, manual measurement,
It manually enters, this period in engineer application is longer, error is larger, precision is not high, and there are shortcomings, reduces mining production
Efficiency has seriously affected the economic benefit of enterprise's production.There is an urgent need to a kind of automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material,
Can it is quick-fried it is preceding fast and accurately obtain rock mass parameter, it is quick-fried after fast and accurately obtain quick-fried heap lumpiness information and using the two
Information automatic feedback optimizes adjustment to explosion drill-and-blast method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be to solve the above-mentioned problems and carry out, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of drill-and-blast method of gradating material from
Dynamic method of adjustment, is significantly dropped using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetric Technique, ROCK MASS JOINT identification technology and explosion block identification technology
The low amount of labour and risk.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1. setting area GPS information controls unmanned plane course line；
Step 2. carries out explosion using primary blasting parameter to quick-fried area；The initial parameter of first blasting is by design requirement and warp
Parameter is tested to obtain；
Step 3. is by taking photo by plane to obtain the grit level parameter of quick-fried heap, comprising:
Step 3.1 is based on region GPS information control route using unmanned plane and shoots the quick-fried multi-faceted figure of taking photo by plane of the quick-fried heap in area；To examine
Demolition effect is measured, needs to shoot the quick-fried rear quick-fried heap for being not affected by the mechanical disturbances such as excavator at once, can just make before explosion
Unmanned plane waits above burst region and (should keep safe distance)；And during taking photo by plane, unmanned plane is controlled mainly with vertical
It is shot in the visual angle on quick-fried heap surface, to obtain the information of accurate quick-fried area's rock mass；
Step 3.2 carries out quick-fried heap lumpiness using lumpiness image recognition software and identifies, calculate grade according to the quick-fried heap of map analysis of taking photo by plane
With curve, practical lumpiness uneven index n is providedIt is realAnd average grain diameter
Step 3.3 compares design lumpiness uneven index nIfValue, practical lumpiness uneven index nIt is realValue, design are average
Partial sizeWith actual average partial sizeWith corresponding permission relative error k1、k2Relationship, ifAnd4 are then entered step, otherwise enters step 6；Wherein, allow relative error k1、k2Value according to practical need
Ask selected in advance；
Step 4. obtains amendment rock mass coefficient A using unmanned plane, comprising:
Step 4.1 is cleaned out to quick-fried heap, is based on the quick-fried Qu Zhongwei of region GPS information control route shooting using unmanned plane and is opened
Dig the multi-faceted figure of taking photo by plane in region；
Step 4.2 extracts the characteristic information of rock mass, then passes through intelligent algorithm according to figure of taking photo by plane, application image processing technique
(such as neural network, machine learning) classifies to ROCK MASS JOINT, crack according to training result, obtains ROCK MASS JOINT, crack
Developmental state；
Step 4.3 obtains amendment rock mass coefficient A based on ROCK MASS JOINT, the developmental state in crack；
Step 5. is automatically adjusted blasting parameter according to amendment rock mass coefficient A, comprising:
Known explosive relative weight power E, explosive specific charge q and amendment rock mass coefficient A are designed average grain by step 5.1
DiameterDesign lumpiness nonuniformity coefficient nIfSubstitute into following equation:
Single hole explosive payload Q is obtained, and according to Q=mW2Hq can be obtained one using m and W as the equation one of unknown quantity:
In formula: A-rock mass coefficient；Q-explosive specific charge, kg/m3；Q-single hole explosive payload, kg, Q=mW2Hq；H-step is high
Degree, m；E-explosive relative weight power is 115 when ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture 100, TNT；— that is, X50, the average grain of explosion sillar
Diameter, cm；N-uneven index indicates the steep slow of distribution curve；E-borehole accuracy standard deviation, m generally take drilling depth
5%；D-aperture, m；L-disregards the loaded length of outdrill part；W-burden；M-blasthole spread ratio, pitch-row a and resistance
The ratio between line, m=a/W generally take 1~2；
Step height H, aperture d, borehole accuracy difference e are disregarded the loaded length L and design block of outdrill part by step 5.2
Spend uneven index nIfSubstitute into following formula:
Another can be obtained using m and W as the equation two of unknown quantity:
Step 5.3 simultaneous equations one and two, and because of pitch-row a=m × W, revised new explosion can be acquired accordingly
Parameter: pitch-row a, burden W and dynamite quantity per hole Q；
Step 6. is updated primary blasting parameter using new blasting parameter, carries out next round explosion design and applies
Work.
Further, the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material provided by the invention can also have the feature that
It in step 1, is based on quick-fried zone position, landform and explosion free face information come setting area GPS information.
Further, the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material provided by the invention can also have the feature that
It is that rock mass performance demands are provided by related specifications or industry recommended value based on ROCK MASS JOINT, fractured situation in step 4.3
Number RMD and joints characteristics coefficient JF, and RMD and JF is substituted into following formula, amendment rock mass coefficient A is calculated,
A=0.06 (RMD+JF+RDI+HF),
RDI=25RD-50,
As E < 50GPa, HF=E/3,
As E > 50GPa, HF=UCS/5,
In formula: the RMD-rock mass coefficient of performance；JF-joints characteristics coefficient；RDI-bulkfactor, g/cm3；HF-hardness
Coefficient；E-Young's modulus, GPa；UCS-compression strength, MPa.
Further, the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material provided by the invention can also have the feature that
Primary blasting parameter is updated using new blasting parameter in step 6, and enters step 2 carry out next round explosion designs
With construction.
The action and effect of invention
1. method provided by the present invention by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetric Technique, obtains space letter in a non-contact manner
Breath, the biggish amount of labour and risk for reducing field operation, the cumbersome field construction of the amount of becoming larger are measured as efficiently simple indoor
Image procossing reduces production cost, improves design and construction efficiency.
2. this method can save the various information of construction work comprehensively and accurately, can the quick-fried area's data of real-time update,
Not only can Fast Evaluation gradating material production level, but also data supporting can be provided for the improvement or variation in engineering later period.
3. this method uses the photogrammetric acquisition ROCK MASS JOINT crack of unmanned plane and quick-fried heapinfo, by obtaining section in real time
Reason crack can accurately adjust A value, obtain grading curve by quick-fried heapinfo, be adjusted to blasting parameter.It is this
Mode can make the production efficiency of gradating material more fast and accurately according to requiring to be adjusted blasting parameter with field data
It is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material involved in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing to the specific embodiment party of the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material of the present invention
Case is described in detail.
<embodiment>
In the present embodiment, by taking certain one bench blasting gradating material of mine excavation as an example, it is used to fill after Exploitation in grade burden, gradation
Expect that size distribution feature parameter requires lumpiness uneven index nIf=1.4 and design average grain diameter Excavate massif side's amount
Greatly, massif lithology is uneven.Some given blasting parameter step height H=16.2m, aperture 90mm, explosive is using 2# rock mass ammonium
Terraced explosive E=100, disregards the loaded length L=14.0m of outdrill part, and explosive specific charge is determined as 1.0kg/m3.As shown in Figure 1,
The automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material provided in this embodiment specifically includes:
Suitable unmanned plane course line is arranged according to quick-fried area and campsite position in GPS information in step 1. setting area, and course line needs
Guarantee that unmanned plane can carry out vertical shooting to quick-fried rear quick-fried heap surface and not quick-fried region rock mass is vertically shot；
Step 2. carries out explosion according to primary blasting parameter, wherein pitch-row a=2.5m, burden W=2.3m and single-perforated grain
Measure Q=93.15kg；
Step 3. obtains the grit level parameter of quick-fried heap, including following sub-step using the quick-fried heap of unmanned plane:
Step 3.1 unmanned plane is based on region GPS information control route at once and shoots the quick-fried multi-faceted figure of taking photo by plane of the quick-fried heap in area, mainly
It is shot with the visual angle perpendicular to quick-fried heap surface；
Step 3.2 carries out quick-fried heap lumpiness using lumpiness image recognition software and identifies according to the quick-fried heap of map analysis of taking photo by plane, this implementation
Split-desk3.1 lumpiness image recognition software is used in example, is calculated grading curve, is provided practical lumpiness uneven index nIt is real=
1.3 and actual average partial size
Step 3.3 compares design nIfValue and practical nIt is realValue designs average grain diameterIt is larger with differing,Wherein k1、k2To allow relative error, according to actual needs thing
It is first chosen to be 5%, nonuniformity coefficient is unsatisfactory for requiring to need to be modified；
Step 4. obtains amendment rock mass coefficient A using unmanned plane, specifically includes following sub-step:
Step 4.1 is cleaned out to quick-fried heap, is based on the quick-fried area of region GPS information control route shooting using unmanned plane and is not excavated
The multi-faceted figure of taking photo by plane in region, mainly to be shot perpendicular to not excavating quick-fried area's rock mass surface；
Step 4.2 extracts the characteristic information of rock mass according to figure of taking photo by plane, application image processing technique, with intelligent algorithm (such as mind
Through network, machine learning etc.) classified according to training result to ROCK MASS JOINT, crack；
Step 4.3 provides RMD rock mass according to ROCK MASS JOINT, fractured situation, by related specifications or industry recommended value
RMD and JF is substituted into following formula and obtains A value by energy coefficient and JF joints characteristics coefficient.RD=27g/cm herein3, E=42GPa, RMD
=30, JF=40, substitution can obtain A=6.69.
A=0.06 (RMD+JF+RDI+HF) (1)
RDI=25RD-50 (2)
As E < 50GPa, HF=E/3；As E > 50GPa, HF=UCS/5；
In formula: the RMD-rock mass coefficient of performance；JF-joints characteristics coefficient；RDI-bulkfactor, g/cm3；RD-density,
g/m3；HF-hardness factor；E-Young's modulus, GPa；UCS-compression strength, MPa.
Step 5. is automatically adjusted blasting parameter according to amendment rock mass coefficient A, specifically includes following sub-step:
Step 5.1 is by known explosion design parameter step height H, aperture d, borehole accuracy difference e, explosive relative weight power
E, explosive specific charge q and rock mass coefficient A designs average grain diameterDynamite quantity per hole Q=can be obtained in substitution formula (3)
88.5kg, and Q=mW2Hq available one using m and W as the equation of unknown quantity
In formula: A-rock mass coefficient；Q-explosive specific charge, kg/m3；Q-single hole explosive payload, kg, Q=mW2Hq；H-step is high
Degree, m；E-explosive relative weight power is 115 when ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture 100, TNT；— that is, X50, the average grain of explosion sillar
Diameter, cm；N-uneven index indicates the steep slow of distribution curve；E-borehole accuracy standard deviation, m；D-aperture, m；L-disregards
The loaded length of outdrill part；W-burden；M-blasthole spread ratio, the ratio between pitch-row a and burden, m=a/W generally take 1
~2.
Step 5.2 is by step height H, the loaded length L for disregarding outdrill part, borehole accuracy standard deviation e and designs lumpiness
Nonuniformity coefficient nIf=1.4, which substitute into formula (4), can be obtained another using m and W as the equation of unknown quantity
Step 5.3 enters shown in following formula (7), and simultaneous equations can find out m=1.24 and W=2.1m, pitch-row a=m × W=
2.6m, then blasting parameter pitch-row a=2.6m, burden W=2.1m and dynamite quantity per hole Q=88.5kg so far can be obtained；
Step 6. utilizes new blasting parameter (pitch-row a=2.6m, burden W=2.1m and dynamite quantity per hole Q=88.5kg)
Primary blasting parameter is updated, and enters step 2 carry out next round explosion design and constructions.
Above embodiments are only the illustration done to technical solution of the present invention.Gradating material according to the present invention
The automatic adjusting method of drill-and-blast method is not merely defined in described content in the embodiment above, but with claim
Subject to limited range.Any modify or supplement that those skilled in the art of the invention are done on the basis of the embodiment
Or equivalence replacement, all in claim range claimed of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1. setting area GPS information controls unmanned plane course line；
Step 2. carries out explosion using primary blasting parameter to quick-fried area；
Step 3. is by taking photo by plane to obtain the grit level parameter of quick-fried heap, comprising:
Step 3.1 is based on region GPS information control route using unmanned plane and shoots the quick-fried multi-faceted figure of taking photo by plane of the quick-fried heap in area；
For step 3.2 according to the quick-fried heap of map analysis of taking photo by plane, application image identification software carries out quick-fried heap lumpiness identification, calculates grading curve,
Provide practical lumpiness uneven index nIt is realAnd average grain diameter
Step 3.3 compares design lumpiness uneven index nIfValue, practical lumpiness uneven index nIt is realValue, design average grain diameterWith actual average partial sizeWith corresponding permission relative error k1、k2Relationship, ifAnd4 are then entered step, otherwise enters step 6；
Step 4. obtains amendment rock mass coefficient A using unmanned plane, comprising:
Step 4.1 is cleaned out to quick-fried heap, is based on region GPS information control route using unmanned plane and is shot the quick-fried excavation area Qu Zhongwei
The multi-faceted figure of taking photo by plane in domain；
Step 4.2 extracts the characteristic information of rock mass according to figure of taking photo by plane, application image processing technique, then by intelligent algorithm to rock
Body segment reason, crack are classified, and ROCK MASS JOINT, the developmental state in crack are obtained；
Step 4.3 obtains amendment rock mass coefficient A based on ROCK MASS JOINT, the developmental state in crack；
Step 5. is automatically adjusted blasting parameter according to amendment rock mass coefficient A, comprising:
Known explosive relative weight power E, explosive specific charge q and amendment rock mass coefficient A are designed average grain diameter by step 5.1
Design lumpiness nonuniformity coefficient nIfSubstitute into following equation:
Single hole explosive payload Q is obtained, and according to Q=mW2Hq can be obtained one using m and W as the equation one of unknown quantity:
In formula:Indicate the average grain diameter of explosion sillar；Q indicates explosive specific charge；N indicates uneven index；Outdrill is disregarded in L expression
Partial loaded length；W indicates burden；M=a/W indicates that blasthole spread ratio, H indicate step height；
Step 5.2 is by step height H, aperture d, borehole accuracy difference e, and the loaded length L for disregarding outdrill part and design lumpiness are not
Shannon index nIfSubstitute into following formula:
Another can be obtained using m and W as the equation two of unknown quantity:
Step 5.3 simultaneous equations one and two, and because of pitch-row a=m × W, revised new blasting parameter can be acquired accordingly:
Pitch-row a, burden W and dynamite quantity per hole Q；
Step 6. is updated primary blasting parameter using new blasting parameter, carries out next round explosion design and construction.
2. the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It wherein, in step 1, is based on quick-fried zone position, landform and explosion free face information come setting area GPS information.
3. the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It wherein, is that rock is provided by related specifications or industry recommended value based on ROCK MASS JOINT, fractured situation in step 4.3
Body coefficient of performance RMD and joints characteristics coefficient JF, and RMD and JF is substituted into following formula, amendment rock mass coefficient A is calculated,
A=0.06 (RMD+JF+RDI+HF),
RDI=25RD-50,
As E < 50GPa, HF=E/3,
As E > 50GPa, HF=UCS/5,
In formula: RMD indicates the rock mass coefficient of performance；JF indicates joints characteristics coefficient；RDI indicates bulkfactor；HF indicates hardness system
Number；E indicates Young's modulus；UCS indicates compression strength.
4. the automatic adjusting method of the drill-and-blast method of gradating material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, primary blasting parameter is updated using new blasting parameter in step 6, and it is next to enter step 2 carry out
Take turns explosion design and construction.
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| CN113361812A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-07 | 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 | Homogeneous quantitative collocation control method for mineral aggregate mining |
| CN114065475A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-18 | 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 | Step blasting parameter optimization design method according to required blockiness grading requirements |
| CN115479513A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-16 | 太钢集团岚县矿业有限公司 | Blasting method for reducing output of rubbles |
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