CN109708072B - Large-size light guide optical system with free-form surface light-emitting surface - Google Patents
Large-size light guide optical system with free-form surface light-emitting surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN109708072B CN109708072B CN201811552528.4A CN201811552528A CN109708072B CN 109708072 B CN109708072 B CN 109708072B CN 201811552528 A CN201811552528 A CN 201811552528A CN 109708072 B CN109708072 B CN 109708072B
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide an optical system of a large-size light guide with a free-form surface light-emitting surface, which comprises a light source and a light guide, wherein the light guide comprises a right light-in surface, a light coupling part on the left side of the light-in surface, a front optical reflection part and a rear light-emitting surface; at least 2 light sources are longitudinally arranged on the right side of the light incident surface; the light-emitting surface is a concave surface with curvature, namely the light-emitting surface is a free-form surface and is obtained by modeling; the optical reflection portion is a light guide tooth surface. The optical system with the large-size light guide with the free light-emitting curved surface is particularly designed in such a way that the light-emitting surface of the optical system is the free curved surface with curvature and is a concave surface which is modeled and designed according to the position of a light source, so that a larger light-emitting visual angle can be realized, the defect of bright lines can be overcome, and the optical coupling efficiency and uniformity can be improved; when the number of the light sources is larger than three, a modular array or superposition design method is adopted, so that the design process can be facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile lighting optical systems, in particular to a novel optical system with a large-size light guide with a free-form surface light-emitting surface.
Background
At present, with the increasing requirements of people on the appearance and shape of automobiles, the function of the automobile lamp as an automobile exterior decoration piece for showing the individual shape of the automobile is more and more important. The application of the light source to the car lamp provides a wide idea for car lamp designers, and the optical system of the common circular light guide is widely applied to car illumination due to the uniform lighting effect and small space occupation ratio.
However, for the optical system of the large-sized light guide, the concept of the optical system of the circular light guide in the prior art cannot meet the design requirement of the car lamp because the light-emitting area and the light-emitting viewing angle are small, and the optical system has obvious bright line defects and low light coupling efficiency. Therefore, another optical system scheme of a large-size elliptical light guide is proposed by designers in the prior art, although the light-emitting area and the light-emitting visual angle of the large-size elliptical light guide are theoretically slightly larger than those of a circular light guide, the scheme is still insufficient, the requirements of the light-emitting area and the light-emitting visual angle of a whole car factory cannot be met, and meanwhile, the elliptical light guide has a converging and condensing effect on light and also has an obvious bright line defect due to the fact that the elliptical light guide is a shape with a convex middle part.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a novel optical system with a large-sized light guide having a free-form surface light exit surface.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel optical system with a large-sized light guide having a free-form surface light exit surface, so as to achieve a larger light exit viewing angle, solve the bright line defect, and improve the optical coupling efficiency and uniformity.
The invention aims to provide an optical system of a large-size light guide with a free-form surface light-emitting surface, which comprises a light source and a light guide, wherein the light guide comprises a right light-in surface, a light coupling part on the left side of the light-in surface, a front optical reflection part and a rear light-emitting surface; at least two longitudinal light sources are arranged on the right side of the light incident surface; the light-emitting surface is a concave surface with curvature, namely the light-emitting surface is a free-form surface; the optical reflection part is a light guide tooth surface;
the number of the light sources is two; the modeling and drawing process of the light emitting surface is as follows:
a, making two circles with the radius of r in the front of the light guide by taking the two light sources as the center of a circle, wherein r is not more than 5 mm;
equally dividing the diameter 2r of a circle with the radius r on the upper surface into 3 equal parts, taking a point which is 2r/3 of the center line and is downward from the top end point of the circle as a normal line, and respectively intersecting two points A and C with the circle with the radius r on the upper surface;
c, equally dividing the diameter 2r of a circle with the radius r below into 3 equal parts, taking a point which is 2r/3 of the center line and is upward from the bottom endpoint of the circle as a normal line, and respectively intersecting two points B and D with the circle with the radius r below;
d, passing through the points A and B to form an arc surface with the radius of R at the right part of the light guide, wherein R is not less than R, and the arc surface is a light-emitting surface;
e, making circular arcs passing through the two points C and D and tangent with two circles with the radius of r, and sewing the circular arcs and the circles into a pea shape;
and f, finally, continuing to make a light reflection part to form the section of the large-size light guide with the free light-emitting curved surface.
The further improvement lies in that: the bottom of the upper circle of radius r is spaced from the top of the lower circle of radius r and the distance is varied, i.e. the distance between the light sources is adjustable.
The further improvement lies in that: the light sources are longitudinally arranged at the out-of-focus position in front of the light incident surface.
The further improvement lies in that: when light passes through the light-emitting surface, that is, when the light exits from the light-emitting surface 6 of the light guide to the air, the light propagation direction changes, and an exit angle θ 2= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1/n 2), where θ 1 is an incident angle one, n2 is a refractive index of the air, and n1 is a refractive index of the light guide; in the middle part of the section of the light guide, because the light-emitting surface is a concave free-form surface, the direction of light can be changed when the light passes through the light-emitting surface, the emergent angle is the emergent angle theta 2, and the light is not converged like an elliptical or circular emergent surface but diffused, so that the problem that bright lines are generated between light sources of adjacent light sources of a large-size light guide, particularly the middle part, is solved, and the light is more uniform; an exit angle of two θ 2'= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1'/n 2), where θ 1 'is an incident angle of two, and at a recessed portion of the light-emitting surface of the free-form surface of the light guide, light near two sides of the light-emitting surface changes direction when passing through the light-emitting surface, and the exit angle is an exit angle of two θ 2', and light is diffused to the two sides, so that the light-emitting viewing angle is expanded.
The further improvement lies in that: when the radius R becomes smaller, that is, the curvature 1/R of the concave surface becomes larger, the incident angle θ 1 becomes larger to the incident angle three θ 1 ″, because θ 2= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1/n 2), θ 2= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1 "/n 2), where θ 1 ″ is the incident angle three, and θ 2 ″ is the exit angle three, and because n2 is the refractive index of air, n1 is the refractive index of the light guide, that is, n1/n2 is constant, when the derivative of the incident angle θ 1 becomes larger, the derivative of the angle θ 2 becomes larger, that is, when the change rate of the exit angle θ 1 becomes larger, the change rate of θ 2 becomes larger, and the change rate of the light diffusion becomes larger.
The further improvement lies in that: the width of the light guide can be changed, when the width of the light guide is large but the uniformity is the same as that when the width of the light guide is not increased, the light guide with the free light-emitting curved surface is large in light-emitting visual angle, so that the number of light sources of the light source can be reduced, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
The further improvement lies in that: the light guide teeth of the optical reflection part are inward-concave prisms or outward-convex prisms, and each light guide tooth comprises a light guide tooth step surface and a light guide tooth reflection surface; the light guide tooth reflecting surface is used for reflecting light, and the light guide tooth step surface is used for controlling the size of the light emitting surface of the light guide tooth reflecting surface.
The further improvement lies in that: the radius R can be adjusted to be small, but R can not be infinitely small, and R can not be smaller than R.
The further improvement lies in that: when the number of light sources is more than 2, the modeling of the optical surfaces of each two adjacent light sources and the light guide therebetween is as described above, and the optical surfaces formed by each two light sources are arranged in a modular array or superposed to form the light emitting surface.
The further improvement lies in that: the light source is a red light source to realize a tail lamp position lamp or a tail lamp brake lamp; or a white light source to realize a daytime running light or a headlight position light; or a yellow light source, to implement the turn signal light.
The further improvement lies in that: the light guide material is polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the optical system with the large-size light guide of the free light-emitting curved surface, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the light-emitting surface is designed into the free curved surface with curvature, and is a concave surface which is modeled and designed according to the position of the light source, so that a larger light-emitting visual angle can be realized, the defect of bright lines can be solved, and the light coupling efficiency and uniformity can be improved; when the number of the light sources is larger than three, a modular array or superposition design method is adopted, so that the design process can be facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an isometric view of a large-size light guide with a free-form light exit curve of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a front view of a large size light guide with a free-form light exit curve according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows an optical cross-section of the reflecting portion of the large-size light guide with a free-form light exit curved surface of fig. 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of line a-a of the fig. 2 large size light guide with a free-form light exit curve of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a modeling and mapping process schematic of a large-scale light guide with a freeform light exit surface of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows a light path diagram of light passing through the light-emitting surface of the large-sized light guide with a free-form light-emitting curved surface according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic of the rate of change of θ 2 versus the rate of change of θ 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the frequency of light coupling in the inside of the large-sized light guide with a free light exit curved surface according to the present invention, and is a schematic diagram showing the combination of a side view and a top view.
Fig. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a large-sized light guide with a free-form light exit curve of the present invention with three light sources.
Wherein: 1-a light source; 2-a light guide; 3-an incident plane; 4-a light coupling part; 5-a light reflecting part; 51-light guide tooth step face; 52-light guide tooth reflective surface; 6-light emitting surface; θ 1 — incident angle one; theta 1' -incident angle two; θ 1 "-incident angle three; θ 2 — exit angle one; theta 2' -exit angle two; θ 2 "-exit angle three; n1 — light guide refractive index; n 2-refractive index of air.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-8, the present embodiment provides an optical system of a large-size light guide with a free-form surface light exit surface, including a light source 1 and a light guide 2, where the light guide 2 includes a right light incident surface 3, a light coupling portion 4 on the left side of the light incident surface 3, a front optical reflection portion 5, and a rear light exit surface 6; two light sources 1 are longitudinally arranged on the right side of the light incident surface 3; the light-emitting surface 6 is a concave surface with curvature, namely the light-emitting surface 6 is a free-form surface; the optical reflection portion 5 is a light guide tooth surface.
The modeling and plotting process of the light-emitting surface 6 is as follows:
a, making two circles with the radius of r in the front of the light guide by taking two light sources as the center of a circle, wherein r is 4 mm;
equally dividing the diameter 2r of a circle with the radius r on the upper surface into 3 equal parts, taking a point which is 2r/3 of the center line and is downward from the top end point of the circle as a normal line, and respectively intersecting two points A and C with the circle with the radius r on the upper surface;
c, equally dividing the diameter 2r of a circle with the radius r below into 3 equal parts, taking a point which is 2r/3 of the center line and is upward from the bottom endpoint of the circle as a normal line, and respectively intersecting two points B and D with the circle with the radius r below;
d, passing through the points A and B to form an arc surface with the radius of R at the right part of the light guide, wherein R is not less than R, and the arc surface is the light emitting surface 6;
e, making circular arcs passing through the two points C and D and tangent with two circles with the radius of r, and sewing the circular arcs and the circles into a pea shape;
finally, the light reflection part 5 is made continuously, so that the section of the large-size light guide 2 with the free light-emitting curved surface is formed.
The bottom of the upper circle of radius r is spaced from the top of the lower circle of radius r and the distance is varied, i.e. the distance between the light sources 1 is adjustable. The light sources 1 are arranged longitudinally at the out-of-focus position in front of the light incident surface 3.
As shown in fig. 6, when the light passes through the light-emitting surface, that is, the light exits from the light-emitting surface 6 of the light guide to the air, the light propagation direction changes, and an exit angle θ 2= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1/n 2), where θ 1 is the incident angle one, n2 is the refractive index of the air, and n1 is the refractive index of the light guide; in the middle part of the section of the light guide, because the light-emitting surface is a concave free-form surface, the direction of light can be changed when the light passes through the light-emitting surface, the emergent angle is the emergent angle theta 2, and the light is not converged like an elliptical or circular emergent surface but diffused, so that the problem that bright lines are generated between light sources of adjacent light sources of a large-size light guide, particularly the middle part, is solved, and the light is more uniform; an exit angle of two θ 2'= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1'/n 2), where θ 1 'is an incident angle of two, and at a recessed portion of the light-emitting surface of the free-form surface of the light guide, light near two sides of the light-emitting surface changes direction when passing through the light-emitting surface, and the exit angle is an exit angle of two θ 2', and light is diffused to the two sides, so that the light-emitting viewing angle is expanded.
As shown in fig. 7, when the radius R becomes smaller, that is, the curvature 1/R of the concave surface becomes larger, the incident angle θ 1 becomes larger to the incident angle three θ 1 ″, where θ 2= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1/n 2), θ 2 "= arcsin (n 1 × sin θ 1"/n 2), where θ 1 ″ is the incident angle three, θ 2 ″ is the exit angle three, and n1 is the refractive index of the light guide, that is, n1/n2 is constant, since n2 is the refractive index of air, the derivative of the exit angle θ 2 becomes larger as the derivative of the incident angle θ 1 becomes larger, that is, as the change rate of θ 1 becomes larger, the change rate of θ 2 becomes larger, and the change rate of light diffusion becomes larger.
The radius R can be adjusted to be smaller, but R cannot be infinitely smaller, and R cannot be smaller than R, that is, the most concave surface of the light emitting surface 6 cannot exceed the center line in fig. 5.
The light guide teeth of the optical reflection part 5 are inward concave prisms or outward convex prisms, and comprise light guide tooth step surfaces 51 and light guide tooth reflection surfaces 52; the light guide tooth reflecting surface 52 is used for reflecting light, and the light guide tooth step surface 51 controls the size of the light emitting surface of the light guide tooth reflecting surface 52. The material of the light guide 2 is polycarbonate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the frequency of light coupling performed by light inside the large-sized light guide 2 with a free light-emitting curved surface according to the present invention, and it can be seen from the diagram that the more the light total reflection times of the light at the concave surface of the light-emitting surface 6 are, the more frequent the light reflection frequency is, the better the light coupling is, the more uniform the light is, and thus the uniformity of the more concave part in the middle of the light guide 2 is better than that of the prior art, and the uniformity of the whole light guide 2 is better than that of the prior art.
In the sectional view of line a-a of fig. 4, the light emitted from the light source 1 is reflected to the light-emitting surface 6 by the light-reflecting portion 5, the light-emitting surface 6 is a concave surface with a certain curvature, which is designed by the above-described design method, and is a free-form surface, the light parallel up and down is diffused by the light-emitting surface 6, and the design of the light-emitting surface 6 with the free-form surface with the concave surface with the certain curvature can solve the problems of the light guide of the prior art, such as small viewing angle, poor uniformity, and especially bright lines in the middle.
The optical system with the large-size light guide with the free light-emitting curved surface has the advantages that the light-emitting surface is designed to be the free curved surface with the curvature, and the light-emitting surface is the concave surface which is designed according to the modeling of the light source position, so that a larger light-emitting visual angle can be realized, the defect of bright lines can be overcome, and the light coupling efficiency and the uniformity can be improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 9, the modeling drawing design of the three light sources 1, the left light source, the middle light source and the light guide optical surface therebetween is the same as the modeling drawing design process in fig. 5, and the modeling drawing design process of the next middle light source, the right light source and the light guide optical surface therebetween is the same as the modeling drawing design process of the left light source and the middle light source, so that the design of the large-sized light guide 2 with the free light emitting curved surface when there are three light sources 1 can be completed only by performing the previously performed design processes of the left light source, the middle light source and the light guide optical surface therebetween on the right side in a modular array.
Claims (7)
1. An optical system of a large-size light guide with a free-form surface light-emitting surface comprises a light source (1) and a light guide (2), and is characterized in that: the light guide (2) comprises a right light incident surface (3), a light coupling part (4) on the left side of the light incident surface (3), a front optical reflection part (5) and a rear light emergent surface (6); the light sources (1) are at least two and are longitudinally arranged on the right side of the light incident surface (3); the light-emitting surface (6) is a concave surface with curvature, namely the light-emitting surface (6) is a free-form surface; the optical reflection part (5) is a light guide tooth surface;
the number of the light sources (1) is two; the modeling and drawing process of the light emitting surface (6) is as follows: a, making two circles with the radius of r in the front of the light guide by taking the two light sources as the center of a circle, wherein r is not more than 5 mm; equally dividing the diameter 2r of a circle with the radius r on the upper surface into 3 equal parts, taking a point which is 2r/3 of the center line and is downward from the top end point of the circle as a normal line, and respectively intersecting two points A and C with the circle with the radius r on the upper surface; c, equally dividing the diameter 2r of a circle with the radius r below into 3 equal parts, taking a point which is 2r/3 of the center line and is upward from the bottom endpoint of the circle as a normal line, and respectively intersecting two points B and D with the circle with the radius r below; d, passing through the points A and B to form an arc surface with the radius of R at the right part of the light guide, wherein R is not less than R, and the arc surface is a light-emitting surface (6); e, making circular arcs passing through the two points C and D and tangent with two circles with the radius of r, and sewing the circular arcs and the circles into a pea shape; finally, the light reflection part (5) is continuously made, so that the section of the large-size light guide (2) with the free light-emitting curved surface is formed.
2. An optical system of a large-scale light guide with a free-form surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the upper circle of radius r is spaced from the top of the lower circle of radius r and the distance is varied, i.e. the distance between the light sources (1) is adjustable.
3. An optical system of a large-scale light guide with a free-form surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light sources (1) are longitudinally arranged at the out-of-focus position in front of the light incident surface (3).
4. An optical system of a large-scale light guide with a free-form surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light guide teeth of the optical reflection part (5) are inward concave prisms or outward convex prisms, and comprise light guide tooth step surfaces (51) and light guide tooth reflection surfaces (52); the light guide tooth reflecting surface (52) is used for reflecting light, and the light guide tooth step surface (51) controls the size of the light emitting surface of the light guide tooth reflecting surface (52).
5. An optical system of a large-scale light guide with a free-form surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the number of the light sources (1) is more than 2, the modeling of the optical surfaces of each two adjacent light sources (1) and the light guide (2) between the two light sources is as described above, and the optical surfaces formed by each two light sources are arranged in a modular array or overlapped to form the light emitting surface (6).
6. An optical system of a large-scale light guide with a free-form surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light source (1) is a red light source to realize a tail lamp position lamp or a tail lamp brake lamp; or a white light source to realize a daytime running light or a headlight position light; or a yellow light source, to implement the turn signal light.
7. An optical system of a large-scale light guide with a free-form surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material of the light guide (2) is polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
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| EP2646860A1 (en) * | 2010-12-04 | 2013-10-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Illumination assembly and method of forming same |
| US20170205042A1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2017-07-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Lighting assembly with elongated lightguide |
| JP6709095B2 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2020-06-10 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Vehicle lighting |
| CN108227184B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-01-07 | 清华大学 | Design method of free-form surface imaging optical system |
| CN108345107B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2020-03-17 | 清华大学 | Design method of free-form surface illumination system |
| CN107504424A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-22 | 上海小糸车灯有限公司 | Vehicle lamp light guide, vehicle lamp optical system and vehicle |
| CN107830449A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 上海小糸车灯有限公司 | Photocon structure for vehicle lamp |
| CN207762814U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-24 | 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 | Car light deep camber light guide and car light optics module |
| CN208255458U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-12-18 | 杭州矽能新材料有限公司 | Rectangular light guide plate |
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