CN109706310B - Low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon and arsenic-containing refractory gold ore - Google Patents
Low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon and arsenic-containing refractory gold ore Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon-and arsenic-containing refractory gold ores, wherein a rotary roasting furnace is adopted as low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting main equipment, the roasting furnace is externally heated, a low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting environment (300 ℃ plus 550 ℃) is established by controlling the air flow and the flow velocity in the rotary roasting furnace, the uniform roasting of materials is realized by the rotation of a furnace body, arsenic sulfide in the ores is decomposed, micro-fine gold particles wrapped in the arsenic sulfide are exposed and dissociated, and organic carbon in the ores is completely oxidized and eliminated; adding water into roasted calcine, mixing the slurry and cooling, leaching and extracting gold by adopting an environment-friendly gold leaching reagent CG505, recovering gold in a leaching solution, adjusting a barren solution to return to a leaching system, piling leaching residues as general solid wastes in a tailing pond, and absorbing harmful impurities such as arsenic oxide and the like remained in roasted smoke fully by adopting an alkali liquor efficient spraying method to realize standard discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ore gold leaching, and particularly relates to a low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon and arsenic-containing refractory gold ores.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the gold industry, on one hand, easily-extracted gold ore resources are gradually exhausted, difficultly-treated gold ore resources become main raw materials of the current gold industry and the future gold industry, and in some difficultly-treated gold ores, gold exists in arsenic pyrite in the form of fine particles and packages and contains organic carbon and the like which are not beneficial to leaching. The gold in the gold can be effectively extracted only by a pretreatment method due to physical packaging, chemical bonding and chemical coating film packaging; at present, the pretreatment method of the refractory gold ore mainly comprises three pretreatment processes of roasting, biological oxidation and hot-pressing oxidation, wherein the biological oxidation pretreatment process has a long treatment period and high production cost, the influence of organic carbon in the ore on gold robbing cannot be completely eliminated, and the gold leaching index can be effectively improved only by adding activated carbon for competitive adsorption in the leaching process; although the hot-pressing oxidation pretreatment has good treatment effect, the production cost is high, the hot-pressing oxidation pretreatment can be realized only by adopting special pressure equipment, the requirements on main pressure equipment and auxiliary equipment are high, the investment cost is high, and the like; the roasting pretreatment process has the advantages of simple operation, low requirement on equipment, capability of completely eliminating the influence of sulfides and organic carbon, wide application range and the like, but the traditional boiling roasting pretreatment process has higher temperature control, generally above 650 ℃, because the reaction speed of materials is high in a boiling state, the dynamic balance of heat can not be realized at low temperature, and further the low-temperature control can not be realized; the refractory gold ore containing carbon and arsenic is subjected to roasting pretreatment, if the roasting temperature is too high and is higher than 550 ℃, organic carbon and arsenic sulfide minerals are rapidly oxidized and release heat, the over-roasting can cause secondary coating of gold, and adverse effects are generated on subsequent gold leaching, so that the gold in the refractory gold ore can be effectively recovered by adopting a low-temperature (300-, however, because the heating mode adopts the mode of spraying hot gas or burning fuel into the kiln for heating, the heating is not uniform, and the temperature fluctuation of materials in the kiln is large, so that the problem how to control the roasting of the gold ore containing carbon and arsenic which is difficult to treat at a stable low temperature is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon-and-arsenic-containing refractory gold ores, wherein the low temperature is 300-550 ℃, so that the problems of nonuniform roasting and heating and large temperature fluctuation of materials in a kiln in the traditional rotary kiln are solved, the roasting temperature is effectively controlled to be 300-550 ℃, and the materials are uniformly heated, so that the micro-fine gold particles wrapped in the materials are fully exposed and dissociated, the recovery rate of gold is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
The main roasting equipment adopts a rotary roasting furnace, a heating device is sleeved on the rotary roasting furnace, is fixed outside a furnace body and does not rotate together with the furnace body, the heating device is a sleeve-shaped heating ring with an insulating layer and a heat-insulating layer, the heating ring can generate heat after being electrified to heat the furnace body of the rotary roasting furnace, a temperature detection device and an inflation system are arranged inside the furnace body, the inflation system can inflate air into the furnace at different flow rates, and the temperature detection device, the heating device and the inflation system are all in control connection with a temperature control system; determining a roasting temperature target value according to the properties of ores, controlling a heating device to be started by a temperature control system for heating, and controlling an inflation system to increase the inflation quantity and simultaneously reduce the heating power of the heating device or stop heating when the temperature in the furnace exceeds the target value; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than the target value, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity, reduce the inflation flow rate and increase the heating power of the heating device; the circulation is carried out, the dynamic heat balance of the roasting environment is realized, the roasting environment in an oxygen-rich state at the low temperature of 300-; adding water into roasted sand, mixing the roasted sand with the water, cooling, leaching and gold extracting by adopting an environment-friendly gold leaching reagent CG505, recovering gold in a leaching solution, returning a barren solution to a leaching system, piling leaching residues as general solid wastes in a tailing pond, and fully absorbing residual arsenic oxide harmful impurities in roasted flue gas by adopting an alkali liquor spraying method for the roasted flue gas so as to realize standard emission.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores have different granularity compositions and occurrence states due to different gold, dry grinding granularity compositions are different, and the grinding fineness of the gold ores is controlled to be less than-0.074 mm and the mass percentage content is controlled to be 70-95%, so that gold ore powder is obtained;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
Setting a roasting temperature target value according to ore properties, specifically setting the roasting temperature target value to be between 300-;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a pulp mixing system from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the pulp until the mass concentration is 25% -50%, ensuring the pH value of ore pulp to be 9-11, adding a CG505 medicament, stirring and leaching for 24-48h, performing solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in leaching liquid, and returning barren liquor after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention effectively solves the problems of uneven heating and larger temperature fluctuation of materials in the kiln caused by the fact that the traditional rotary kiln roasting heating mode adopts the mode of spraying hot gas or burning fuel into the kiln for heating, effectively controls the roasting temperature to be 550 ℃ and uniformly heats, oxidizes and decomposes arsenic sulfide minerals in ores, fully exposes and dissociates micro-fine gold particles wrapped in the ores, simultaneously oxidizes organic carbon in the ores, solves the problem of gold robbing caused by organic carbon adsorption, reduces the subsequent environment-friendly treatment pressure of smoke environment, adopts an environment-friendly gold leaching reagent CG505 for gold leaching and extraction operation, has high leaching speed and simple and convenient gold recovery, and can use leached tailings to be piled in a tailing pond as common solid waste, thereby being safe and environment-friendly; the gold is recovered to the maximum extent, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the refractory gold ore resources can be fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The main roasting equipment adopts a rotary roasting furnace, a heating device is sleeved on the rotary roasting furnace, is fixed outside a furnace body and does not rotate together with the furnace body, the heating device is a sleeve-shaped heating ring with an insulating layer and a heat-insulating layer, the heating ring can generate heat after being electrified to heat the furnace body of the rotary roasting furnace, a temperature detection device and an inflation system are arranged inside the furnace body, the inflation system can inflate air into the furnace at different flow rates, and the temperature detection device, the heating device and the inflation system are all in control connection with a temperature control system; determining a roasting temperature target value according to the properties of ores, controlling a heating device to be started by a temperature control system for heating, and controlling an inflation system to increase the inflation quantity and simultaneously reduce the heating power of the heating device or stop heating when the temperature control system displays that the temperature in the furnace exceeds the target value; when the temperature control system displays that the temperature in the furnace is lower than the target value, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity, reduce the inflation flow rate and increase the heating power of the heating device; the circulation realizes the dynamic heat balance of the roasting environment, ensures the roasting environment in an oxygen-rich state at the low temperature of 300-.
Adding water into roasted sand, mixing the roasted sand with the water, cooling, leaching and gold extracting by adopting an environment-friendly gold leaching reagent CG505, recovering gold in a leaching solution, returning a barren solution to a leaching system, piling leaching residues as general solid wastes in a tailing pond, and fully absorbing residual arsenic oxide harmful impurities in roasted flue gas by adopting an alkali liquor spraying method for the roasted flue gas so as to realize standard emission.
Example 1
Step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores are ground to 80 percent of-0.074 mm mass percentage by using a vertical roller mill to obtain gold ore powder, wherein the grain size composition and occurrence state of gold are different, and the grain size composition of dry grinding is different;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
The method comprises the steps that the organic carbon content fraction in the ore is 1.53%, the arsenic mass fraction is 0.5%, the ore belongs to high-carbon low-arsenic gold ore, the target value of roasting temperature is set to be 350 ℃, a temperature control system is started, a heating device is controlled by the temperature control system to be heated until the temperature in the furnace is 350 ℃, the gold ore after dry grinding is fed into a rotary roasting furnace heated to 350 ℃ through a screw feeder, a furnace body rotating system and an inflating system are started, and when the temperature in the furnace exceeds 350 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflating system to increase inflating quantity, and meanwhile, the power of the heating device is reduced or heating is stopped; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than 350 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity and increase the power of the heating device; the inclination angle of the furnace body is adjusted to 5 degrees, the rotating speed of the furnace body is controlled to be 3r/min, and the average aeration quantity is 50m3The excess coefficient of the aerated oxygen is 2.2, and the retention time in the ore furnace is controlled to be 1.5 h; the oxidation rate of arsenic is 91.35%, the curing rate of arsenic is 90.77%, and the oxidation rate of organic carbon is 99.32%;
flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a size mixing tank from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the size until the mass concentration is 40%, ensuring the pH value of ore pulp to be 10, adding a CG505 medicament with the dosage of 1.8kg/t of calcine, stirring and leaching for 24 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in a leaching solution, and returning a barren solution after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction; the leaching rate of gold is 89.41%, and the leached tailings reach the standard of common solid wastes.
Example 2
Step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores are ground to the fineness of-0.074 mm by a vertical roller mill until the mass percentage content of the crushed gold ores is 90 percent to obtain gold ore powder, wherein the grain size composition and the occurrence state of gold are different, and the grain size composition of dry grinding is different;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
The ore of the embodiment comprises 0.67 percent of organic carbon and 3.44 percent of arsenic by mass, belongs to high-arsenic low-carbon gold ore, the target value of roasting temperature is set to be 500 ℃, a temperature control system is started, a heating device is controlled by the temperature control system to be heated until the temperature in the furnace is 500 ℃, the gold ore after dry grinding is fed into a rotary roasting furnace heated to 500 ℃ by a screw feeder, a furnace body rotating system and an inflating system are started, and when the temperature in the furnace exceeds 500 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflating system to increase the inflating quantity and simultaneously reduces the power of the heating device or stops heating; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than 500 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity and increase the power of the heating device; the inclination angle of the furnace body is adjusted to be 3 degrees, the rotating speed of the furnace body is controlled to be 2.5r/min, and the furnace body is inflatedVolume average 65m3The excess coefficient of the aerated oxygen is 2.8, and the retention time in the ore furnace is controlled to be 2.0 h; the arsenic oxidation rate is 96.67%, the arsenic curing rate is 88.36%, and the organic carbon oxidation rate is 99.76%;
flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a size mixing tank from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the size until the mass concentration is 33%, ensuring the pH value of ore pulp to be 10.5, adding a CG505 medicament with the dosage of 3.0kg/t of calcine, stirring and leaching for 36 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in a leaching solution, and returning a barren solution after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction; the leaching rate of gold is 91.33%, and the leached tailings reach the standard of common solid wastes.
Example 3
Step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores are ground to the fineness of 70 percent by mass of minus 0.074mm by adopting a vertical roller mill to obtain gold ore powder, wherein the granularity composition and occurrence state of gold are different, and the granularity composition of dry grinding is different;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
The method comprises the steps that the organic carbon content fraction of ore in the embodiment is 2.27%, the arsenic mass fraction is 1.69%, the ore belongs to high-carbon and high-arsenic gold ore, the target value of roasting temperature is set to be 400 ℃, a temperature control system is started, a heating device is controlled by the temperature control system to be heated until the temperature in a furnace is 400 ℃, the gold ore after dry grinding is fed into a rotary roasting furnace heated to 400 ℃ through a screw feeder, a furnace body rotating system and an inflating system are started, and when the temperature in the furnace exceeds 400 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflating system to increase inflating quantity, and meanwhile, the power of the heating device is reduced or heating is stopped; when in useWhen the temperature in the furnace is lower than 400 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity and increase the power of the heating device; the inclination angle of the furnace body is adjusted to 4 degrees, the rotating speed of the furnace body is controlled to 4.5r/min, and the average aeration quantity is 58m3And h, controlling the retention time in the ore furnace to be 1.0h, wherein the aerated oxygen surplus coefficient is 2.5. The oxidation rate of arsenic is 94.57%, the curing rate of arsenic is 83.49%, and the oxidation rate of organic carbon is 99.05%;
flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a size mixing tank from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the size until the mass concentration is 45%, ensuring that the pH value of ore pulp is 9.5, adding a CG505 medicament with the dosage of 1.2kg/t of calcine, stirring and leaching for 24 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in a leaching solution, and returning a barren solution after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction; the leaching rate of gold is 95.02%, and the leached tailings reach the standard of common solid wastes.
Example 4
Step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores are ground to the fineness of 75 percent by mass of minus 0.074mm by adopting a vertical roller mill to obtain gold ore powder, wherein the granularity composition and occurrence state of gold are different, and the granularity composition of dry grinding is different;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
In the ore of the embodiment, the mass fraction of organic carbon is 1.96 percent, the mass fraction of arsenic is 2.18 percent, the ore belongs to high-carbon high-arsenic gold ore, the target value of the roasting temperature is set to be 450 ℃, a temperature control system is started, a heating device is controlled by the temperature control system to be heated until the temperature in the furnace is 450 ℃, and the gold ore after dry grinding is fed into the rotary roasting furnace through a screw feeder, wherein the temperature is raised to 450 DEG CWhen the temperature in the furnace exceeds 450 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to increase the inflation quantity and simultaneously reduces the power of the heating device or stops heating; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than 450 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity and increase the power of the heating device; the inclination angle of the furnace body is adjusted to be 3 degrees, the rotating speed of the furnace body is controlled to be 5r/min, and the average aeration quantity is 70m3And h, controlling the retention time in the ore furnace to be 1.5h, wherein the aerated oxygen surplus coefficient is 3.5. The oxidation rate of arsenic is 97.96 percent, the curing rate of arsenic is 85.33 percent, and the oxidation rate of organic carbon is 99.67 percent;
flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a size mixing tank from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the size until the mass concentration is 40%, ensuring the pH value of ore pulp to be 10, adding a CG505 medicament with the dosage of 0.8kg/t of calcine, stirring and leaching for 24 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in a leaching solution, and returning a barren solution after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction; the leaching rate of gold is 93.67%, and the leached tailings reach the standard of common solid waste.
Example 5
Step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores are ground to the fineness of-0.074 mm by a vertical roller mill until the mass percentage content of the crushed gold ores is 90 percent to obtain gold ore powder, wherein the grain size composition and the occurrence state of gold are different, and the grain size composition of dry grinding is different;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
In the ore of this example, the organic carbon content fraction was 1.89%, the arsenic content was 0.36%, and the ore belongs to high-carbon low-arsenic gold ore, the target value of the roasting temperature was 350 ℃, and the start temperature was setThe control system controls the heating device to heat up through the temperature control system until the temperature in the furnace is 350 ℃, the gold ore after dry grinding is fed into the rotary roasting furnace heated to 350 ℃ through the screw feeder, the furnace body rotating system and the inflating system are started, and when the temperature in the furnace exceeds 350 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflating system to increase the inflating amount and simultaneously reduces the power of the heating device or stops heating; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than 350 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity and increase the power of the heating device; the inclination angle of the furnace body is adjusted to be 3 degrees, the rotating speed of the furnace body is controlled to be 4r/min, and the average aeration quantity is 40m3And h, controlling the retention time in the ore furnace to be 2.0h, wherein the aerated oxygen surplus coefficient is 2.0. The oxidation rate of arsenic is 88.64%, the curing rate of arsenic is 79.25%, and the oxidation rate of organic carbon is 97.82%;
flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a size mixing tank from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the size until the mass concentration is 40%, ensuring that the pH value of ore pulp is 11, adding a CG505 medicament with the dosage of 1.6kg/t of calcine, stirring and leaching for 48 hours, performing solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in a leaching solution, and returning a barren solution after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction; the leaching rate of gold is 88.72%, and the leached tailings reach the standard of common solid wastes.
Example 6
Step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Different gold ores are ground to the fineness of 85 percent by mass of minus 0.074mm by adopting a vertical roller mill to obtain gold ore powder, wherein the granularity composition and occurrence state of gold are different, and the granularity composition of dry grinding is different;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
The ore of the embodiment comprises 2.66% of organic carbon and 0.65% of arsenic by mass, belongs to high-carbon low-arsenic gold ore, the target value of roasting temperature is set to 380 ℃, a temperature control system is started, a heating device is controlled by the temperature control system to be heated until the temperature in the furnace is 380 ℃, the gold ore after dry grinding is fed into a rotary roasting furnace heated to 380 ℃ by a screw feeder, a furnace body rotating system and an air charging system are started, and when the temperature in the furnace exceeds 380 ℃, the air charging system is controlled by the temperature control system to increase the air charging amount, and meanwhile, the power of the heating device is reduced or the heating is stopped; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than 380 ℃, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity and increase the power of the heating device; the inclination angle of the furnace body is adjusted to 4 degrees, the rotating speed of the furnace body is controlled to be 3.5r/min, and the average aeration quantity is 60m3And h, controlling the retention time in the ore furnace to be 1.5h, wherein the aerated oxygen surplus coefficient is 3.3. The oxidation rate of arsenic is 90.73 percent, the curing rate of arsenic is 81.06 percent, and the oxidation rate of organic carbon is 98.58 percent;
flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a size mixing tank from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the size until the mass concentration is 40%, ensuring that the pH value of ore pulp is 9, adding a CG505 medicament with the dosage of 2.4kg/t of calcine, stirring and leaching for 36 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in a leaching solution, and returning a barren solution after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction; the leaching rate of gold is 94.96%, and the leached tailings reach the standard of common solid wastes.
The environment-friendly gold leaching reagent CG505 can replace cyanide to carry out leaching gold extraction operation on calcine, is simpler in storage and use than cyanide due to the low-toxicity characteristic, can realize a gold leaching effect equivalent to that of the cyanide under the same dosage, and leaching residues after gold leaching by the reagent can reach a common solid waste standard, and the requirement on stockpiling tailing ponds is not high.
The environmental-friendly gold leaching agent CG505 is characterized in that:
(1) the reagent comprises the following components: the environment-friendly gold leaching reagent CG505 is a composite gold leaching reagent formed by fusing a plurality of nontoxic chemical reagents at high temperature, contains a plurality of effective components capable of leaching gold, including polymeric cyanamide and alkaline thiourea, and the components play a main role in the leaching process of gold.
(2) The gold leaching mechanism is as follows: in an alkaline (pH value of 9-11) ore pulp system, active ingredients for gold leaching in CG505 oxidize gold in complex ore under the synergistic action of dissolved oxygen, so that gold is quickly dissolved into a solution, complex ions of the gold can be efficiently absorbed and recovered by activated carbon or resin, and the gold in the complex ions can also be recovered by an ion exchange method or a metal replacement method.
(3) Environmental protection property: the chemical reagents for synthesizing the CG505 are all non-toxic chemical reagents, and the comparison of the toxicity identification indexes of the CG505 and NaCN reagents shows that half of death amount of NaCN to mice can reach 128mg/kg, and half of death amount of CG505 to mice is only 5.88mg/kg, which shows that the CG505 has extremely low toxicity, can obviously reduce the environmental protection pressure of a gold leaching process, and the leached tailings can be stockpiled as general solid waste, and have lower requirements on the safety level of constructing a tailings pond.
Claims (1)
1. A low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon-containing and arsenic-containing refractory gold ores is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, crushing operation
Crushing by combining a jaw crusher and a cone crusher until the granularity of the gold ore is-40 mm and the mass percentage content is 100%;
step two, dry grinding operation
Controlling the grinding fineness of the gold ore to be less than-0.074 mm and the mass percentage content of the gold ore to be 70-95 percent to obtain gold ore powder;
step three, low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting operation
The roasting main equipment adopts a rotary roasting furnace, a heating device is sleeved on the rotary roasting furnace, is fixed outside a furnace body and does not rotate together with the furnace body, the heating device is a sleeve-shaped heating ring with an insulating layer and a heat-insulating layer, the heating ring can generate heat after being electrified to heat the furnace body of the rotary roasting furnace, a temperature detection device and an inflation system are arranged inside the furnace body, the inflation system can inflate air into the furnace at different flow rates, and the temperature detection device, the heating device and the inflation system are all in control connection with a temperature control system;
determining a roasting temperature target value according to the properties of ores, starting a temperature control system of the rotary roasting furnace, controlling a heating device to be started by the temperature control system for heating, uniformly feeding gold ore powder obtained after secondary ore grinding into the rotary roasting furnace through a feeder, simultaneously starting a rotating system of a furnace body, controlling an inflation system to introduce air into the furnace through the temperature control system, and when the temperature in the furnace exceeds the target value, controlling the inflation system to increase the inflation amount and simultaneously reducing the heating power of the heating device or stopping heating; when the temperature in the furnace is lower than the target value, the temperature control system controls the inflation system to reduce the inflation quantity, reduce the inflation flow rate and increase the heating power of the heating device; the heat dynamic balance of the roasting environment is realized by the circulation, the roasting environment in an oxygen-enriched state at the low temperature of 300-;
the retention time of gold ore powder in the furnace is realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the furnace body and the inclination angle of the furnace body, the flue gas generated by roasting enters an alkali liquor high-efficiency spraying system through a smoke outlet, the flue gas is discharged after being treated and reaches the standard, and the roasted sand is subjected to the next operation;
step four, leaching and gold extracting operation
Discharging the calcine obtained in the third step into a pulp mixing system from an ore discharge port at the tail end of the furnace body, mixing the pulp until the mass concentration is 25% -50%, ensuring the pH value of ore pulp to be 9-11, adding a CG505 medicament, stirring and leaching for 24-48h, performing solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, discharging produced leaching residues to a tailing pond, recovering gold in leaching liquid, and returning barren liquor after gold recovery to continue leaching and gold extraction operation.
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| CN201811618427.2A CN109706310B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon and arsenic-containing refractory gold ore |
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| CN201811618427.2A CN109706310B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process for carbon and arsenic-containing refractory gold ore |
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| CN109706310B true CN109706310B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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