CN109704733B - Gradual change three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gradual change three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109704733B CN109704733B CN201910097563.XA CN201910097563A CN109704733B CN 109704733 B CN109704733 B CN 109704733B CN 201910097563 A CN201910097563 A CN 201910097563A CN 109704733 B CN109704733 B CN 109704733B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plug
- dimensional
- hole
- vent plug
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gradual change three-dimensional through hole vent plug and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: and (4) guiding the constructed three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by using 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template. And fixing the porous template at the bottom of the vent plug mold, pouring the vent plug slurry into the vent plug mold, maintaining for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, and demolding and drying. Heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, and preserving heat for 1-3 h; and then heating to 800-1600 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug. The invention has the advantages of large air permeability, high integral strength, good stirring effect, high blowing rate, difficult steel clamping and high efficiency of cleaning molten steel, and the prepared gradient three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug has through and uniform distribution of air holes, large volume and small size.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vent plugs. In particular to a gradual change three-dimensional through hole vent plug and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the structural forms of the high-performance air-permeable plug mainly comprise a dispersion type and a slit type. The dispersive air plug is the earliest form of air plug, and a large amount of irregularly distributed air holes are generated by controlling the granularity ratio of ingredients and adopting a hydraulic press for molding. The advantages of this venting plug are that the manufacturing process is simple and easy to produce; due to the special structure of the diffusion holes, the problem that the slit of the slit type ventilation plug clamps steel is avoided, and absolute ventilation can be ensured; simultaneously, the generated bubbles are small, much and uniform, and the bottom blowing stirring effect is good. The defects of the gas-permeable plug are required to be in service under higher pressure, so that the gas-permeable plug has low strength and poor anti-scouring performance and is easy to permeate molten steel; the airflow is unstable, bubbles are easy to be gathered into large bubbles, and the quality fluctuation of the molten steel is large; the holes do not penetrate, resulting in a low blow-up rate. The slit type vent plug comprises two forms, one is that the central part of the vent plug is spliced by a plurality of formed thin plates to form a slit, and the outer part is cast by adopting casting materials, namely the slit type vent plug is called as a 'split type', and the defect of the vent plug is that the controllability of blown gas is poor. The other is to pre-cast tens of straight-through slits in the brick body, which is commonly called "slit type". Compared with the dispersion type, the slit type air-permeable plug has the advantages of long service life, high blowing rate, large air flow, good stirring effect and the like, and is the mainstream of the existing air-permeable plug. However, when the slit type air vent plug is used, the formed bubbles are large, and the removal rate of micro impurities is not high; the slit is also easy to be invaded by molten steel to form steel clamping, so that the air permeability is reduced, the later argon blowing is difficult, the molten steel has small flower, and the effect of purifying the molten steel is difficult to achieve. To this end, the person skilled in the art has developed a number of new types of venting plugs.
The patent of "a preparation method of microporous ceramic rod for air-permeable plug" (CN201810905590.0) is a technology of using aqueous wax emulsion as micropore forming agent to prepare microporous ceramic rod with uniformly distributed and large quantity in the body. The pore ribs of the structure are nano-scale, can ventilate and also can prevent the penetration of molten steel and steel slag, but the pore size is too small and is not communicated, and the ventilation amount is limited and is not suitable to be adjusted.
The patent technology of the composite slit vent plug and the preparation method thereof (CN201610795168.5) is to arrange a dispersion vent part and a slit vent part up and down and respectively utilize the advantages of the dispersion vent part and the slit vent part. Although the air bubbles of the composite dispersion air-permeable plug are higher than those of the independent dispersion air-permeable plug and slit air-permeable plug in granularity and uniformity, if the air permeability is adjusted, the dispersion structure and the slit structure are easy to leak air at the interface, so that the service life of the air-permeable plug is shortened.
The patent technology of 'a preparation method of a slit type vent plug' (CN201310580577.X) is characterized in that a lubricant is coated on the surface of a slit filler, so that the slit filler of the vent plug can be drawn out without damaging the structure of a vent plug green body, and the problem of insufficient ventilation quantity of a finished product vent plug caused by the residue of the slit filler after burning is solved. The manufacturing method can improve the air permeability of the air permeable plug by 10 percent on average under other equal manufacturing conditions, but the slit is easy to be invaded by molten steel to form steel inclusion, so that the air permeability is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and aims to provide a preparation method of a gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug with adjustable hole size in the three-dimensional direction, and the prepared gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug has the characteristics of large air permeability, high overall strength, good stirring effect, high blowing rate, difficulty in steel clamping and high efficiency of cleaning molten steel.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm, of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model;
h represents the height of the air permeable plug, and H is 300-400 mm;
n1representing the number of layers of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model, n1＝12～24；
d represents the diameter, mm, of a single cell element in the three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model;
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model, and k is 1.01-1.05;
n2the number of the cells on the center line of the plane on the air-permeable plug is shown;
ron the upper partRadius of the upper plane of the gas-permeable plug, rOn the upper part＝50～65mm；
n3The number of the cell elements on the central line of the middle cross section of the vent plug is represented;
rinRadius of the middle cross-section of the plug, rIn＝70～90mm；
n4The number of the cell elements on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown;
rlower partDenotes the radius of the lower plane of the venting plug, rLower part＝75～100mm。
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that: a is 12-34 mm; d is 12-36 mm; n is2＝3～10；n3＝4～14；n4＝4～16。
And guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template.
The porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; and then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 800-1600 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug.
The preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 60-70 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 15-25 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 6-10 wt% of alumina micro powder and 1-15 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the air-permeable plug slurry.
The structure of the porous template is a polyhedron; the width of the hole rib of the porous template is 0.05-2 mm.
The 3D printing paste is one of photosensitive resin, polyurethane and polyvinyl alcohol.
Al of the plate-like corundum particles2O3The content is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the granularity of the plate-shaped corundum particles is 0.5-6 mm.
Al of the tabular corundum fine powder2O3The content is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the granularity of the plate-shaped corundum fine powder is 0.1-0.5 mm.
Al of the alumina micropowder2O3The content is more than or equal to 99 wt%; the granularity of the alumina micro powder is less than or equal to 6 um.
Al of the pure calcium aluminate cement2O3The content is 70-80 wt%, and the particle size of the pure calcium aluminate cement is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the invention can accurately control the size of holes in the radial direction, form a variable-size gradual change hole structure, generate uniform fine bubbles under the condition of not reducing the ventilation quantity, and improve the efficiency of removing tiny impurities.
According to the invention, a cellular cell topology method is adopted to form a porous template, and the three-dimensional directions of cellular cells are closely connected, so that the internal holes of the ventilation plug are three-dimensional through holes and have large volume, and the ventilation volume is increased by 10-20%; the cells are distributed in an array, so that the generated bubbles are uniformly distributed, and the blowing rate is high.
According to the invention, by adjusting the size of the hole ribs of the porous template, the size of bubbles generated in service of the air plug is small, steel clamping is not easy to occur, and the stirring effect is good.
According to the invention, the porous template is formed by adopting a 3D printing technology, the template can be burnt out when being fired at 600-800 ℃, a porous structure is left, and a green body structure cannot be influenced by forming the porous structure; the integral casting method and the plate-shaped corundum and the pure calcium aluminate cement are adopted as raw material components, so that the integral strength of the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug is improved.
The detection shows that the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the invention is as follows: the air permeability can be improved by 10-20%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 180-240 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages of large air permeability, high integral strength, good stirring effect, high blowing rate, difficult steel clamping and high efficiency of cleaning molten steel, and the prepared gradient three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug has through and uniform distribution of air holes, large volume and small size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional top view of a single cell in a porous template for a graded three-dimensional through-hole venting plug prepared according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an oblique view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional oblique view of a quarter structure of a gradual change three-dimensional through hole venting plug prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description, without limiting its scope.
In order to avoid repetition, the raw materials and related technical parameters in this specific embodiment are described in a unified manner as follows, and are not described in detail in the embodiments:
the structure of the porous template is a polyhedron; the width of the hole rib of the porous template is 0.05-2 mm.
The 3D printing paste is one of photosensitive resin, polyurethane and polyvinyl alcohol.
Al of the plate-like corundum particles2O3The content is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the granularity of the plate-shaped corundum particles is 0.5-6 mm.
Al of the tabular corundum fine powder2O3The content is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the granularity of the plate-shaped corundum fine powder is 0.1-0.5 mm.
Al of the alumina micropowder2O3The content is more than or equal to 99 wt%; the granularity of the alumina micro powder is less than or equal to 6 um.
Al of the pure calcium aluminate cement2O3The content is 70-80 wt%, and the particle size of the pure calcium aluminate cement is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
Example 1
A gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm, of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model;
h represents the height of the venting plug, mm;
n1representing the number of layers of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
d represents the diameter, mm, of a single cell element in the three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model;
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
n2the number of the cells on the center line of the plane on the air-permeable plug is shown;
ron the upper partRepresents the radius of the upper plane of the breather plug, mm;
n3the number of the cell elements on the central line of the middle cross section of the vent plug is represented;
rinRepresents the radius of the middle cross section of the purge plug, mm;
n4the number of the cell elements on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown;
rlower partThe radius of the lower plane of the plug is indicated in mm.
In this embodiment:
H＝300～325mm；k＝1.01～1.05；ron the upper part＝50～53.75mm；rIn＝70～75mm；rLower part＝75～80mm；n1＝12～15。
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that:
a＝20～27mm；d＝20～29mm；n2＝3～5；n3＝5～7；n4＝5～8。
and guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template.
The porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; and then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug.
The preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 60-65 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 22.5-25 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 9-10 wt% of alumina micro powder and 1-8 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the air-permeable plug slurry.
The detection shows that the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the invention is as follows: the air permeability is improved by 10-15%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 180-210 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Example 2
A gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm, of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model;
h represents the height of the venting plug, mm;
n1representing the number of layers of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
d represents the diameter, mm, of a single cell element in the three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model;
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
n2the number of the cells on the center line of the plane on the air-permeable plug is shown;
ron the upper partRepresents the radius of the upper plane of the breather plug, mm;
n3the number of the cell elements on the central line of the middle cross section of the vent plug is represented;
rinRepresents the radius of the middle cross section of the purge plug, mm;
n4the number of the cell elements on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown;
rlower partThe radius of the lower plane of the plug is indicated in mm.
In this embodiment: h is 325-350 mm; k is 1.01 to 1.05; r isOn the upper part＝53.75～57.5mm；rIn＝75～80mm， rLower part＝80～85mm；n1＝15～18。
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that:
a＝18～23mm；d＝18～25mm；n2＝4～6；n3＝6～8；n4＝6～9。
and guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template.
The porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; and then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 950-1150 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug.
The preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 60-65 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 15-17.5 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 8-9 wt% of alumina micro powder and 10-15 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the air-permeable plug slurry.
The detection shows that the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the invention is as follows: the air permeability is improved by 12-16%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 180-210 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Example 3
A gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm, of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model;
h represents the height of the venting plug, mm;
n1representing the number of layers of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
d represents the diameter, mm, of a single cell element in the three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model;
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
n2the number of the cells on the center line of the plane on the air-permeable plug is shown;
ron the upper partRepresents the radius of the upper plane of the breather plug, mm;
n3the number of the cell elements on the central line of the middle cross section of the vent plug is represented;
rinRepresents the radius of the middle cross section of the purge plug, mm;
n4the number of the cell elements on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown;
rlower partThe radius of the lower plane of the plug is indicated in mm.
In this embodiment:
H＝350～375mm；k＝1.01～1.05；ron the upper part＝57.5～61.25mm；rIn＝80～85mm；rLower part＝85～90mm；n1＝18～21。
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that:
a＝16～21mm；d＝16～23mm；n2＝5～7；n3＝7～10；n4＝8～11。
and guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template.
The porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; and then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 1100-1300 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug.
The preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 65-70 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 17.5-20 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 7-8 wt% of alumina micro powder and 3-10 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the air-permeable plug slurry.
The detection shows that the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the invention is as follows: the air permeability is improved by 12-18%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 180-230 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Example 4
A gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm, of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model;
h represents the height of the venting plug, mm;
n1representing the number of layers of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
d represents the diameter, mm, of a single cell element in the three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model;
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
n2the number of the cells on the center line of the plane on the air-permeable plug is shown;
ron the upper partRepresents the radius of the upper plane of the breather plug, mm;
n3the number of the cell elements on the central line of the middle cross section of the vent plug is represented;
rinRepresents the radius of the middle cross section of the purge plug, mm;
n4the number of the cell elements on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown;
rlower partThe radius of the lower plane of the plug is indicated in mm.
In this embodiment:
H＝375～400mm；k＝1.01～1.05；ron the upper part＝61.25～65mm；rIn＝85～90mm；rLower part＝90～100mm；n1＝21～24。
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that:
a＝15～19mm；d＝15～20mm；n2＝6～10；n3＝8～12；n4＝9～13；
and guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template.
The porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; and then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 1200-1450 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug.
The preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 65-70 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 20-22.5 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 6-7 wt% of alumina micro powder and 1-8 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the air-permeable plug slurry.
The detection shows that the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the invention is as follows: the air permeability is improved by 16-20%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 205-240 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Example 5
A gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm, of a single cell element in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric model;
h represents the height of the venting plug, mm;
n1representing the number of layers of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
d represents the diameter, mm, of a single cell element in the three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model;
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model;
n2the number of the cells on the center line of the plane on the air-permeable plug is shown;
ron the upper partRepresents the radius of the upper plane of the breather plug, mm;
n3the number of the cell elements on the central line of the middle cross section of the vent plug is represented;
rinRepresents the radius of the middle cross section of the purge plug, mm;
n4the number of the cell elements on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown;
rlower partThe radius of the lower plane of the plug is indicated in mm.
In this embodiment:
H＝300～325mm；k＝1.01～1.05；ron the upper part＝50～53.75mm；rIn＝70～75mm；rLower part＝75～80mm；n1＝21～24。
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that:
a＝12～16mm。d＝12～17mm。n2＝3～5。n3＝5～7。n4＝5～8。
and guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain the porous template.
The porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; and then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 1400-1600 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug.
The preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 65-70 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 20-22.5 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 6-7 wt% of alumina micro powder and 1-8 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; and adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the air-permeable plug slurry.
The detection shows that the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the invention is as follows: the air permeability is improved by 10-14%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 190-220 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following positive effects:
the specific implementation mode can accurately control the size of the holes in the radial direction to form a variable-size gradual hole structure, generate uniform fine bubbles under the condition of not reducing the ventilation quantity, and improve the efficiency of removing tiny impurities.
The specific implementation mode is shown in the attached drawings: FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional top view of a single cell in a porous template for a graded three-dimensional through-hole venting plug prepared in example 4; FIG. 2 is an oblique view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional oblique view of a quarter structure of a gradual change three-dimensional through hole venting plug prepared according to the present embodiment; FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4; fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 4.
As can be seen from fig. 1: a single cell structure is used as a porous template, so that the size of bubbles can be refined, and the interaction strength of the bubbles and molten steel is improved; the round hole is the channel through which the slurry flows, and the rest is the hole rib, i.e. the channel through which the air flow passes, and the size of the bubble is controlled by adjusting the side length a of each cell and the diameter d of each cell.
As can be seen from fig. 2: the diameter of the slurry channel, namely the diameter of the round hole, is 0.5-36 mm, so that aggregates with the diameter of more than or equal to 5mm in the slurry can pass through a large amount, and the strength of the structure of the air-permeable plug is improved; the width of the gas channel, namely the hole rib, is 0.05-2 mm, so that the hole size is small, and molten steel is not easy to permeate.
As can be seen from fig. 3: the single cell elements are tightly connected in the three-dimensional direction, and the inner hole of the air-permeable plug is a three-dimensional through hole with large volume; the single cell elements are distributed in an array mode, so that the airflow channels are also distributed in an array mode, the generated bubbles are uniformly distributed, and the blowing efficiency of the ventilation plug in service is improved.
As can be seen from fig. 4: the sizes of the cell elements of the upper plane, the middle section and the lower plane of the ventilation plug are gradually changed, the sizes of the pore passages are also gradually changed, the size of the holes can be accurately controlled in the radial direction, a gradually-changed hole structure with variable sizes is formed, uniform fine bubbles are generated under the condition that the ventilation quantity is not reduced, and the strength of the effect of the bubbles and small inclusions is further improved.
As can be seen from fig. 5 to 7: the size of the hole is gradually reduced, when the ventilation amount of the ventilation plug is unchanged, the speed of the surface A-A is lower, the strength of the ventilation plug cannot be affected, the speed of the bubble outlet of the surface C-C is higher, and the action force of bubbles and molten steel can be increased.
In the embodiment, a porous template is formed by adopting a single cell element topological method, and because the cell elements are closely connected in the three-dimensional direction, the internal holes of the ventilation plug are three-dimensional through holes with large quantity, and the ventilation quantity is improved by 10-20%; the cells are distributed in an array, so that the generated bubbles are uniformly distributed, and the blowing rate is high.
According to the specific embodiment, the size of the hole ribs of the porous template is adjusted, so that the size of bubbles generated in service of the air plug is small, steel clamping is not easy to occur, and the stirring effect is good.
According to the specific embodiment, the porous template is formed by adopting a 3D printing technology, the template can be burnt out when being fired at 600-800 ℃, a porous structure is left, and a green body structure cannot be influenced by forming the porous structure; the integral casting method and the plate-shaped corundum and the pure calcium aluminate cement are adopted as raw material components, so that the integral strength of the gradual change three-dimensional through hole air-permeable plug is improved.
The gradual change three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the air permeability is improved by 10-20%; the normal-temperature compressive strength is 180-240 MPa; the water cooling circulation times at 1100 ℃ are 5-10.
Therefore, the embodiment has the advantages of large air permeability, high overall strength, good stirring effect, high blowing rate, difficulty in steel clamping and high efficiency of cleaning molten steel, and the prepared gradient three-dimensional through hole air permeability plug has the advantages of through holes, uniform distribution, large amount and small size.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a gradual change three-dimensional through hole vent plug is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional spatial pore framework geometric model, wherein the parameters are as follows:
a＝H/n1 (1)
d＝k×a (2)
n2＝2ron the upper part/a (3)
n3＝2rIn/a (4)
n4＝2rLower part/a (5)
In formulae (1) to (5): a represents the side length, mm,
h represents the height of the air permeable plug, 300-400 mm,
n1layer representing a single cell in a three-dimensional spatial aperture skeleton geometric modelNumber, n1＝12～24，
d represents the diameter, mm,
k represents the proportionality coefficient of a single cell element in the three-dimensional space pore framework geometric model, k is 1.01-1.05,
n2the number of cells on the center line of the upper plane of the air-permeable plug is shown,
ron the upper partRadius of the upper plane of the gas-permeable plug, rOn the upper part＝50～65mm，
n3The number of the cells on the central line of the middle cross section of the air permeable plug is shown,
rinRadius of the middle cross-section of the plug, rIn＝70～90mm，
n4The number of the cells on the central line of the lower plane of the air-permeable plug is shown,
rlower partDenotes the radius of the lower plane of the venting plug, rLower part＝75～100mm；
The following expressions (1) to (5) show that: a is 12-34 mm, d is 12-36 mm, n2＝3～10，n3＝4～14，n4＝4～16；
Guiding the geometric model into a 3D printer, and printing by adopting 3D printing slurry to obtain a porous template;
the porous template is fixed at the bottom of the vent plug mold, the vent plug slurry is poured into the vent plug mold, the maintenance is carried out for 24 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-90%, the demolding is carried out, and the drying is carried out for 24 hours under the condition of 110 ℃; then heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-3 ℃/min under the condition of 1-100 Pa, preserving heat for 1-3 h, heating to 800-1600 ℃ at the speed of 2-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a gradient three-dimensional through hole vent plug;
the preparation method of the air permeable plug slurry comprises the following steps: mixing 60-70 wt% of tabular corundum particles, 15-25 wt% of tabular corundum fine powder, 6-10 wt% of alumina micro powder and 1-15 wt% of pure aluminate cement to obtain a mixture; adding polycarboxylate accounting for 0.05-1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, stirring for 3-5 min, then adding 4-6 wt% of water, and stirring for 10-30 min to prepare a breathable plug slurry;
the structure of the porous template is a polyhedron; the width of the hole rib of the porous template is 0.05-2 mm.
2. The method for preparing a gradual change three-dimensional through hole venting plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the 3D printing paste is one of photosensitive resin, polyurethane and polyvinyl alcohol.
3. The method for preparing a graded three-dimensional through-hole venting plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the Al of the tabular corundum particles2O3The content is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the granularity of the plate-shaped corundum particles is 0.5-6 mm.
4. The method for preparing a graded three-dimensional through-hole venting plug according to claim 1, wherein the Al of the tabular corundum fine powder2O3The content is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the granularity of the plate-shaped corundum fine powder is 0.1-0.5 mm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Al in the alumina fine powder is Al2O3The content is more than or equal to 99 wt%; the granularity of the alumina micro powder is less than or equal to 6 mu m.
6. The method for preparing a graded three-dimensional through-hole venting plug according to claim 1, characterized in that said pure calcium aluminate cement has Al2O3The content is 70-80 wt%, and the particle size of the pure calcium aluminate cement is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
7. A gradient three-dimensional through-hole vent plug, characterized in that the gradient three-dimensional through-hole vent plug is prepared according to the preparation method of the gradient three-dimensional through-hole vent plug of any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910097563.XA CN109704733B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Gradual change three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910097563.XA CN109704733B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Gradual change three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109704733A CN109704733A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109704733B true CN109704733B (en) | 2021-06-15 |
Family
ID=66263402
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910097563.XA Active CN109704733B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Gradual change three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109704733B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114161663A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-11 | 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 | Mold ventilation structure, mold and mold manufacturing process |
| CN114738990B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-01-24 | 武汉科技大学 | Gradual-change porous medium material for gas water heater, preparation method and application thereof, and gas water heater |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000325001A (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-28 | Fumakilla Ltd | Inside plug for holding liquid-sucking wick of chemical liquid evaporation vessel |
| CN1515372A (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2004-07-28 | 武汉科技大学 | Preparation method of Al2O3-MgO-ZrO2 ladle air plug |
| CN101673416A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-17 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Method for dividing hexahedral mesh of piston of internal-combustion engine |
| CN103602786A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-26 | 河南海格尔高温材料有限公司 | Preparation method of slit air brick |
| CN104245185A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2014-12-24 | 维苏威坩埚公司 | Gas purging plug comprising wear indicators |
| CN107032770A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-11 | 武汉科技大学 | Diffusion-type skeleton enhancing corundum spinelle air brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN107098717A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-29 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of 3 D-printing molding method for preparing of filtering porous ceramics |
| CN206597902U (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-10-31 | 苏州宝明高温陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of stopper porous plug with high Air permenbility |
| CN207347601U (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-05-11 | 洛阳轩石高温材料有限公司 | The air brick that the motion state stirring of metal bath in metallurgical furnace can be helically flowed |
| CN109145404A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-04 | 重庆大学 | Pore characteristic is controllable and the matched porous structure modeling method of modulus and preparation method |
-
2019
- 2019-01-31 CN CN201910097563.XA patent/CN109704733B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000325001A (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-28 | Fumakilla Ltd | Inside plug for holding liquid-sucking wick of chemical liquid evaporation vessel |
| CN1515372A (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2004-07-28 | 武汉科技大学 | Preparation method of Al2O3-MgO-ZrO2 ladle air plug |
| CN101673416A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-17 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Method for dividing hexahedral mesh of piston of internal-combustion engine |
| CN104245185A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2014-12-24 | 维苏威坩埚公司 | Gas purging plug comprising wear indicators |
| CN103602786A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-26 | 河南海格尔高温材料有限公司 | Preparation method of slit air brick |
| CN206597902U (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-10-31 | 苏州宝明高温陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of stopper porous plug with high Air permenbility |
| CN107098717A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-29 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of 3 D-printing molding method for preparing of filtering porous ceramics |
| CN107032770A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-11 | 武汉科技大学 | Diffusion-type skeleton enhancing corundum spinelle air brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN207347601U (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-05-11 | 洛阳轩石高温材料有限公司 | The air brick that the motion state stirring of metal bath in metallurgical furnace can be helically flowed |
| CN109145404A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-04 | 重庆大学 | Pore characteristic is controllable and the matched porous structure modeling method of modulus and preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Yousefi, M等.An Insight into Combustion Process in a Spark Ignition Engine using Three Dimensional Modeling.《Applied Mechanics and Materials》.2012,第3016页. * |
| 多孔介质燃烧用碳化硅网状多孔陶瓷的制备及性能研究;梁雄;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20180415;第B015-3页 * |
| 钢包用透气塞;李存弼;《国外耐火材料》;20000415;第57-59页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109704733A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109704733B (en) | Gradual change three-dimensional through hole ventilation plug and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104399885B (en) | Method for increasing permeability of investment cast ceramic shell | |
| WO2018126937A1 (en) | Dispersion-type corundum-spinel air-permeable brick and preparation method therefor | |
| CN107879732B (en) | Dispersive breathable refractory material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105906370B (en) | A kind of preparation method for the three-dimensional network porous ceramics that bore diameter gradient distribution is presented | |
| WO2018039853A1 (en) | Hydraulic pilot valve body casting and mould therefor | |
| CN111574208B (en) | Preparation method of corundum-zirconium mullite air brick with high thermal shock resistance | |
| JP4507209B2 (en) | Full mold casting method and mold used in the casting method | |
| CN114082896B (en) | Photocuring 3D printing aluminum-based ceramic core and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111730029B (en) | Precision casting method based on 3D printing | |
| CN218283637U (en) | Exhaust structure | |
| CN108178659B (en) | Molding material for 3D printing | |
| CN111763805B (en) | Air brick prepared based on cold isostatic pressing wet bag method and preparation method thereof | |
| CN212822513U (en) | Precision casting's casing | |
| CN108607259A (en) | Circular tube shaped micro porous filtration permeability cell and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114178471A (en) | Casting method and casting mold | |
| CN211888911U (en) | Graphite die for producing lead brass continuous casting rod | |
| CN113547067A (en) | Silica sol adhesive for investment precision casting, shell surface slurry for investment precision casting, and investment precision casting method | |
| CN112174687B (en) | Hypotenuse straight hole filter for cast steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN213977772U (en) | Composite construction's dispersion air brick | |
| CN206037715U (en) | Novel anti-seepage air brick | |
| CN210657009U (en) | Pinhole type air brick of adjustable ventilative volume | |
| JPS623796B2 (en) | ||
| CN108706987B (en) | Honeycomb ceramic particle filter and preparation method thereof | |
| CN117258551A (en) | Method for preparing high-porosity gas-solid separation ceramic membrane based on direct foaming method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |