CN109703188A - Equipment for page to be dried - Google Patents
Equipment for page to be dried Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109703188A CN109703188A CN201811251799.6A CN201811251799A CN109703188A CN 109703188 A CN109703188 A CN 109703188A CN 201811251799 A CN201811251799 A CN 201811251799A CN 109703188 A CN109703188 A CN 109703188A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- page
- drier
- equipment according
- transport path
- blowing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
- B65H29/02—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by mechanical grippers engaging the leading edge only of the articles
- B65H29/04—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by mechanical grippers engaging the leading edge only of the articles the grippers being carried by endless chains or bands
- B65H29/041—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by mechanical grippers engaging the leading edge only of the articles the grippers being carried by endless chains or bands and introducing into a pile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
- B41F23/0443—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations after printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
- B41F23/045—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
- B65H29/70—Article bending or stiffening arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/44—Moving, forwarding, guiding material
- B65H2301/443—Moving, forwarding, guiding material by acting on surface of handled material
- B65H2301/4433—Moving, forwarding, guiding material by acting on surface of handled material by means holding the material
- B65H2301/44331—Moving, forwarding, guiding material by acting on surface of handled material by means holding the material at particular portion of handled material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/44—Moving, forwarding, guiding material
- B65H2301/446—Assisting moving, forwarding or guiding of material
- B65H2301/4461—Assisting moving, forwarding or guiding of material by blowing air towards handled material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
- B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
- B65H2301/512—Changing form of handled material
- B65H2301/5121—Bending, buckling, curling, bringing a curvature
- B65H2301/51214—Bending, buckling, curling, bringing a curvature parallel to direction of displacement of handled material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
- B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
- B65H2301/517—Drying material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2801/00—Application field
- B65H2801/24—Post -processing devices
- B65H2801/31—Devices located downstream of industrial printers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Supply, Installation And Extraction Of Printed Sheets Or Plates (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment for page to be dried, comprising: the first grabber bridge (5a), for fastening the leading edge (3a) of page (3)；Second grabber bridge (5b), for fastening the back edge (3c) of page (3) simultaneously；Drier (6) is arranged on the side (4a) of the transport path (4) of page；And blowing device (8,8a, 8b), on its other side that transport path is set (4b) and so generate blows air (9,9a, 9b) so that pushing the section (3b) of page being located between leading edge and back edge towards drier.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment with feature described in claim 1 preamble.
Background technique
The present invention, which is in, carries out the page of the printable fabric (such as equipped with print color, gloss varnish or ink) printed
Dry technical field.
42 18 421 A1 of document DE discloses a kind of equipment for carrying out page guidance in the feeder of printing machine.
The equipment includes the page grabber of the conveyer chain of loop back and the front seamed edge for the page to be guided being disposed thereon
With the rear grabber for its trailing edge.These pages are directed over drier, which is discharged towards the direction of page
Blows air.These pages, which should reliably be guided on the transport path of straight line and are kept herein, tightens (straff).
It is also known that such drier, these driers produce electromagnetic radiation, especially infra-red radiation (IR) to replace
In blows air.
In the prior art it is possible that following problem, that is, due under page between the page to be dried and drier
Interval out of control caused by hanging down, which changes, will lead to the drying result of undesirable variation (such as ultraviolet ink is uneven
Hardening) and thus reduce printing product quality.This problem may be especially in large-scale and very large-scale page
Occur in specification.
Summary of the invention
In this context, the task of the present invention is to provide the equipment that one kind makes moderate progress compared with the prior art, this is set
It is standby to be especially able to achieve: during drying that page (or its surface) is substantial constant with the interval holding of drier.
Technical solution according to the invention is:
The task is addressed according to the present invention by equipment according to claim 1.
Advantageous and then preferred improvement project of the invention is generated by dependent claims and the description and the appended drawings.
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment for page to be dried, comprising:
- the first grabber bridge, for fastening the leading edge of page；
- the second grabber bridge, for simultaneously fastening the back edge of page；
Drier is arranged on the side of the transport path of page；And
Blowing device is arranged on the other side of transport path, and so generates blows air, so that being in
Page section between leading edge and back edge is pushed towards drier.
The present invention is advantageously able to achieve: being made between page (or its towards the surface of drier) and drier during drying
Every keeping substantial constant, and the drying that cannot not be achieved in disturbedly is as a result, and can correspondingly produce the print of high-quality
Brush result.Advantageously page can be tensioned by blows air, and for example by it from recessed (uncontrolledly sagging) shape
Shape is transformed into convex (being controllably tensioned) shape.
The control of blows air preferably can be realized relatively with operating parameter herein, wherein it can be considered that following ginseng
Number: the specification (Format) of the grammes per square metre of page, the conveying speed of page and/or page.Additionally, it can set, consider
To blowing device about page and/or the position of grabber bridge.Furthermore the beat (Taktung) of blows air can be set.This
Kind of beat can be page in the presence/absence of in the case where simply ON/OFF beat.The intensity of blows air can also
To change, it preferred over the length of page.Finally, the intensity of blows air can using two air-sources (example
Such as air doctor blade) it sets and/or changes individually to adjust for each air-source.Measure cited herein can be equipped with
Control device.
Instead of in the drying of page, the present invention can also apply to the dusting (sprinkling of powder) of page, the humidification (spray of water
Spill) or cutting (longitudinally cutting).
Improvement project of the invention is:
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be that blowing device includes air doctor blade.Air doctor blade can be with
It is transverse to the pipe of page conveying direction setting, which there is air spaced apart to be emitted opening, which is attached to blows air
On feedway.Alternately or additionally in air doctor blade, blowing device be can be configured to transverse to the (one-dimensional of page conveying direction
) blower item or be configured to (bidimensional) blower area (such as be laterally arranged by two or more blower row form),
In, the single blower of each of blower item or blower area can be configured to fan (such as tube-axial fan), and especially having can be single
The motor driver solely controlled.
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be that blowing device includes at least two air doctor blades.Respectively
The direction of the air of outflow can be parallel.Preferably, these scrapers are slightly tilted with being located remotely from each other direction.Alternatively,
The area of blast nozzle can be used.
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be that the equipment includes suction unit.
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be that such side of transport path is arranged in suction unit
Upper: drier is also disposed on this side.
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be, suction unit be arranged in the conveying direction drier it
It is preceding and/or later.
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be that drier is LED drier and/or UV curing
Device.
The feature of advantageous modification of the invention can be, transport path substantially edge in the region of blowing device
Linear section or substantially along curved section or circle section (Kreisabschnitt) extend.
Feature, improvement project of the invention and the embodiment of the present invention of the invention is that the present invention is arbitrarily combined with each other
Favourable improvement scheme.Furthermore improvement project of the invention can have in the above-mentioned part of " technical field " and " background technique "
Disclosed in single feature or feature combination.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention and its advantageous modification are further described hereinafter with reference to attached drawing according to preferred embodiment.It is mutually right
The feature answered is equipped with same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings.Attached drawing is shown:
Fig. 1: equipment according to prior art；
Fig. 2: equipment according to prior art；
Fig. 3: the preferred embodiment of equipment according to the invention；And
Fig. 4: the preferred embodiment of equipment according to the invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the page collector 2 in other words of printing machine 1, is used on page guide rail or transport path 4 convey
The page 3 being made of printable fabric.Collector is double grabber formula page collector (Doppelgreifer-
Bogenausleger).Transported page is, for example, to be made of paper, ground paper, cardboard or film.Transport path 4 is shown
It is linear section 4c in example.
Page beginning 3a (or leading edge of page) keeps (such as clamping) by first (or preceding) grabber bridge 5a.Accordingly
Ground, page end 3c (or back edge of page) keep (such as clamping) by second (or rear) grabber bridge 5b.
Fig. 1 is shown below problem, that is, 3b may sagging and then page (or its surface) and drier 6 in the middle part of page
Interval A may will increase.Drier is arranged on the first side 4a of transport path.Drier is preferably LED drier and excellent
It is selected in radiation in ultraviolet ray range.The exit window 6a that radiation 7 passes through drier comes out.Interval A can be defined as the outer of exit window
Surface and towards the interval between the page surface of the window.
It can be seen that interval A changes in the case where page is sagging.Result is dried as a result, also to change.This
It is undesirable.
Printing machine 1 or page collector 2 is shown in FIG. 2, page 3 is conveyed (one on the circle section 4d of transport path 4
As for be non-linear section or curved section).It can also see that in this example, situation interval A sagging in page
Under undesirably change.
Fig. 3 shows the preferred embodiment of equipment according to the invention, wherein linear section 4c of the page 3 in transport path 4
Upper conveying.The present invention is provided with blowing device 8 on second (in addition or opposed) side 4b of transport path 4.Institute
In the example shown, blowing device includes two air doctor blades 8a and 8b.These blowing devices 8 to page 3 downside (that is, carry on the back
To that side of drier 6) load blows air 9 (especially the first air stream 9a and the second air stream 9b).3b is logical in the middle part of page
It crosses blows air and is pushed according to the present invention towards drier 6.Interval A becomes smaller (for Fig. 1) and especially basic as a result,
Upper constant (i.e. without the interval variation of interference drying process).Therefore the printing product dried does not have appreciable quality
It reduces.This is favourable.Instead of blower row 8 or blower can also be equipped in shown air doctor blade 8a and 8b (or additionally)
Area 8.
It is shown in FIG. 3, one or more suction units 10 can be selectively set on the 4a of side.It is one or more
A suction unit 10 can support that 3b is shifted towards drier 6 in the middle part of page by suction.For example, suction unit can be defeated
It send and is arranged before drier 6 (or its shell 6b) on direction 4.It is alternatively possible to which two suction units are arranged in the housing
Before and after drier.
It is also showed that in Fig. 3, can selectively be equipped with another (third) air doctor blade 8c.Air doctor blade 8c is excellent
It is selected on second side 4b that transport path 4 is set before the dryer shell 6b of drier 6 on conveying direction 4, and energy
It enough advantageously achieves: blows air 9 having been loaded to page 3 for drier 6 and page 3 is thus made to tighten and/or put down
Cunningization.
Fig. 4 shows another preferred embodiment of equipment according to the invention, wherein circle section 4d of the page 3 in transport path 4
Upper conveying.In this example, the present invention is provided with blowing device on (in addition or opposed) side 4b of transport path 4
8 (preferably air doctor blade 8a and 8b there are two tool).Also it can optionally be provided with one or more suction dresses in this example
Set 10.Instead of in shown air doctor blade 8a and 8b, (or additionally) blower row 8 or blower area 8 can also be equipped with.
From Fig. 4 it can be seen that being supported in the case where conveying page 3 on circle section 4d according to the present invention with blows air
Mode be dried and be particularly advantageous because enabling page 3 substantially completely to stick in round section and to be spaced A several
Ideally keep constant.
Blowing device 8 according to Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 also may include the single air doctor blade of only one.There are two air doctor blades for tool
The shown example of 8a and 8b however especially be preferred in the case where there, that is, if these scrapers as illustrated that
Inclination that sample slightly (is located remotely from each other direction ground).
Reference signs list:
1 printing machine
2 (double grabber formulas) page collectors
3 pages being made of printable fabric
The 3a page beginning/page leading edge
The page section of 3b page middle part/page dip portion/between leading edge and back edge
3c page end/page back edge
4 page guide rails/transport path/conveying direction
First side of 4a transport path
Second (another) side of 4b transport path
4c linear section
4d justifies section
5a first (preceding) grabber bridge
5b second (rear) grabber bridge
6 (LED) driers
6a exit window
6b dryer shell
7 radiation
8 blowing devices or blower row or blower area
The first air doctor blade of 8a
The second air doctor blade of 8b
8c third air doctor blade
9 blows airs
The first air stream of 9a
The second air stream of 9b
10 suction units
The interval of A page and drier
Claims (10)
1. a kind of equipment for page to be dried, comprising:
- the first grabber bridge (5a), for fastening the leading edge (3a) of page (3)；
- the second grabber bridge (5b), for simultaneously fastening the back edge (3c) of page (3)；
Drier (6), the drier are arranged on the side (4a) of the transport path (4) of page；And
Blowing device (8,8a, 8b), the blowing device are arranged on the other side (4b) of transport path and produce blowing sky
Gas (9,9a, 9b), so that being pushed in the page section (3b) between leading edge and back edge towards drier.
2. equipment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
Blowing device (8,8a, 8b) includes air doctor blade (8a, 8b), blower row (8) or blower area (8).
3. equipment according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that,
Blowing device (8,8a, 8b) includes at least two air doctor blades (8a, 8b).
4. equipment according to one of the above claims,
It is characterized in that,
The equipment includes suction unit (10).
5. equipment according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that,
Suction unit (10) is arranged on such side (4a) of transport path (4): drier (6) is also disposed on the side.
6. equipment according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that,
Suction unit (10) is in setting on conveying direction (4) before or after drier (6).
7. equipment according to one of the above claims,
It is characterized in that,
Drier (6) is LED drier and/or UV curing device.
8. equipment according to one of the above claims,
It is characterized in that,
Transport path (4) is in the region of blowing device (8,8a, 8b) substantially along linear section (4c) or substantially edge
Curved section (4d) or circle section (4d) extend.
9. a kind of page collector (2) has at least one equipment according to one of the above claims.
10. a kind of printing machine (1) has at least one equipment according to one of the above claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017219022 | 2017-10-25 | ||
| DE102017219022.1 | 2017-10-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109703188A true CN109703188A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109703188B CN109703188B (en) | 2022-06-03 |
Family
ID=65996456
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811251799.6A Active CN109703188B (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Device for drying sheets, sheet delivery device and printing machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109703188B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102018211588A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110667243B (en) * | 2019-11-09 | 2024-09-10 | 河南今明纸业有限公司 | Tipping paper printer with drying device and tipping paper printing method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1128211A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-08-07 | 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 | Device for guiding pages |
| US5927203A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1999-07-27 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Device and method for guiding sheet material in a printing press, particularly in a sheet-fed rotary offset press |
| WO2010106338A1 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-23 | Gew (Ec) Limited | Cooling system for ink curing apparatus |
| CN102555440A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-07-11 | 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 | Machine for processing brackets, in particular bracket pressure machine |
| CN204322723U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-05-13 | 中华商务联合印刷(广东)有限公司 | A kind of UV machine cooling system |
| CN205112652U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-30 | 中山市金海包装科技有限公司 | Radium -shine paper lithography apparatus of cryodrying formula |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4218421A1 (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1993-12-09 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Sheet guide in the delivery of a printing press |
-
2018
- 2018-07-12 DE DE102018211588.5A patent/DE102018211588A1/en active Pending
- 2018-10-25 CN CN201811251799.6A patent/CN109703188B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1128211A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-08-07 | 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 | Device for guiding pages |
| US5927203A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1999-07-27 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Device and method for guiding sheet material in a printing press, particularly in a sheet-fed rotary offset press |
| WO2010106338A1 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-23 | Gew (Ec) Limited | Cooling system for ink curing apparatus |
| CN102555440A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-07-11 | 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 | Machine for processing brackets, in particular bracket pressure machine |
| CN204322723U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-05-13 | 中华商务联合印刷(广东)有限公司 | A kind of UV machine cooling system |
| CN205112652U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-30 | 中山市金海包装科技有限公司 | Radium -shine paper lithography apparatus of cryodrying formula |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102018211588A1 (en) | 2019-04-25 |
| CN109703188B (en) | 2022-06-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2724682B2 (en) | Printing machine drying equipment | |
| US8038280B2 (en) | Ink-jet printer and method for decurling cut sheet media prior to ink-jet printing | |
| KR0141921B1 (en) | Heater assembly for printers | |
| AU675549B2 (en) | High velocity, hot air dryer and extractor | |
| US11504980B2 (en) | Apparatus and methods for processing digitally printed textile materials | |
| US4646446A (en) | UV curing apparatus | |
| US9815272B2 (en) | Ink jet recording apparatus and ink jet recording method | |
| JP5359676B2 (en) | Inkjet printing device | |
| US10189245B2 (en) | Method and an assembly for sublimation transfer printing | |
| JP3936763B2 (en) | Sheet paper transport system for printing press | |
| US8967786B2 (en) | Printing apparatus and methods | |
| JP2012121327A (en) | Sheet processing machine, in particular sheet printing machine | |
| KR20190042099A (en) | Method and system for direct printing on fabrics | |
| CN109703188A (en) | Equipment for page to be dried | |
| US10449791B2 (en) | Digital printing machine | |
| JP2017530036A (en) | Sheet-fed web offset rotary printing press equipped with a device for uniformly drying double-sided printed sheets | |
| CN108025568B (en) | Printing apparatus | |
| CN108146094B (en) | Method for spraying powder on printed sheets | |
| CN211000534U (en) | Machine for printing sheets of printing material with ink | |
| CN107813620A (en) | Digital printer | |
| US4183451A (en) | Equipment for transferring an unstable run of material from a processing machine to a tenter chain | |
| JP5295150B2 (en) | Recording medium conveying apparatus and recording medium conveying method | |
| KR101605464B1 (en) | Digital Textile Printer Equipped with Pretreatment | |
| US20030020795A1 (en) | Method and device for drying ink-jet prints | |
| JP5925716B2 (en) | Image forming apparatus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |