CN109703121B - Carbon fiber composite material - Google Patents

Carbon fiber composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109703121B
CN109703121B CN201910183089.2A CN201910183089A CN109703121B CN 109703121 B CN109703121 B CN 109703121B CN 201910183089 A CN201910183089 A CN 201910183089A CN 109703121 B CN109703121 B CN 109703121B
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carbon fiber
melting
plastic resin
product
cloth
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CN109703121A (en
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周善龙
周善天
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Anhui Zhuneng Carbon Fiber Material Co ltd
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Anhui Qiyi New Material Plastic Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel carbon fiber composite material and a product processing and forming method thereof, which comprises one or more layers of carbon fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the bottom end of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth is a one-way carbon fiber plastic resin layer containing truncated carbon fibers; the long carbon fiber is woven to obtain plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional carbon fiber cloth or fabric, one or more layers of low-melting-point plastic resin is pre-impregnated by a melting method, one or more layers of low-melting-point plastic resin are selected according to the requirements of products, heating and pressing are carried out, the products are subjected to molding and punching according to the 2D or 3D shapes of the products, the shortened short carbon fiber is also subjected to melting relative to the high-melting-point plastic resin in the steps by using the melting method to form plastic particles, the mechanism of the products is grown by using the traditional extrusion plate process or the injection pressure of a plastic mold and an injection molding machine, and finally the two are positioned and heated and compounded in the mold on a composite plate press or the molding machine. The invention improves the product quality, simplifies the product processing procedure, and also improves the product yield, thereby directly improving the productivity.

Description

Carbon fiber composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, and mainly relates to a carbon fiber composite material and a product processing and forming method thereof.
Background art:
the raw material carbon fiber is the strongest hard fiber yarn in real life, the strength of long carbon fiber is used as the supporting acting force of a composite material or a composite material product, and the method is an object of research by modern scientists, unidirectional carbon fiber cloth or plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional carbon fiber cloth and fabric are woven by the carbon fiber yarn, the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth or the plain, twill or three-dimensional carbon fiber fabric woven by the carbon fiber is combined with epoxy resin, plastic resin and the like by a pre-impregnation technology, and then the carbon fiber composite material product is synthesized by high-temperature and high-pressure die pressing in a vacuum state within a certain time.
In recent years, the combined material of carbon fiber constantly appears in market, but if on the carbon fiber combined material who will be on the current market is applied to more products in the real life, for example notebook computer shell, the panel computer shell, cell phone case, new energy automobile four doors and preceding rear bumper, the unmanned aerial vehicle field, military use and civilian supplies reinforcing protection etc. are on the daily use consumer goods of living, one such product structure is tight and short, the equipment part is many, design space to the product is limited, but the intensity and the structural support power of needs carbon fiber.
At present, the similar intermittent processing method of reheating and molding a plate made of carbon fiber composite materials or a product formed preliminarily by secondary deep processing or embedding the plate or the product into an injection product mechanism is commonly used in the market, so that a plurality of manufacturing links are generated, the labor cost is increased, and the product yield is reduced; the potential risks brought by the unstable structure of the product, such as coating adhesive, patching plastic resin films and the like, are also contrary to the mainstream national conditions of environmental protection and energy conservation.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to make up for the defects of the prior art and provides a carbon fiber composite material and a product processing and forming method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a carbon fiber composite material and a product processing and forming method thereof are characterized in that: comprises a layer
Or a plurality of layers of carbon fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the multilayer structure is that single-layer carbon fiber prepreg cloth is sequentially stacked, and the bottom end of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth is a one-way carbon fiber plastic resin layer containing truncated carbon fiber;
the carbon fiber composite material comprises the following specific processing and forming steps:
(1) the plastic resin layer containing the truncated unidirectional carbon fibers is prepared into plastic particles containing carbon fibers by stirring the plastic resin with high melting point and the truncated unidirectional carbon fibers by a melting method and then passing through a grain extractor;
(2) the carbon fiber prepreg cloth is unidirectional long carbon fiber cloth or plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional carbon fiber fabric woven by long carbon fiber yarns, and low-melting-point plastic resin is pre-impregnated by a melting method;
(3) firstly, carrying out single-layer or multi-layer stacking and compounding on the carbon fiber cloth or fabric pre-soaked with the plastic resin in the step (2) according to the product requirement;
(4) carrying out hot pressing and molding on the 2D or 3D surface of the carbon fiber cloth or fabric compounded in the step (3), and punching or milling to form a laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or a product workpiece with a shape;
(5) making the plastic particles containing the truncated carbon fibers in the step (1) into a plastic plate or a plastic product workpiece with a shape by a plate extruder or a die and an injection molding machine;
(6) and (3) carrying out hot-pressing compounding or embedding on the laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or the product workpiece with the shape obtained by hot pressing, molding, punching or milling in the step (4) and the plate in the step (5) in a mold, and carrying out heating compounding on the laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or the product workpiece with the shape obtained by injection molding in the mold, so as to obtain the carbon fiber composite material or the plastic product with the shape of the composite material.
The high-melting-point plastic resin is PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber.
The high-melting-point plastic resin in the step (1) and the low-melting-point plastic resin in the step (2) mean that under the condition that the same resin is used, the melting point temperature of the resin has a certain drop according to the formula, and the temperature drop comprises 0.1-100 ℃ (including but not limited to the use of different resins capable of being fused); the melting point temperature of the high-melting-point plastic resin in the step (1) is higher than that of the low-melting-point plastic resin in the step (2) (including but not limited to the temperature difference in the opposite direction).
Compared with the prior carbon fiber composite material, the carbon fiber composite material has the advantages that
1. The material structure of each layer in the material of the invention has carbon-containing fiber, and the bottom layer (the mechanism growth layer of the product) of the material is combined by a melting method of the cut carbon fiber and thermoplastic resin, which not only facilitates the molding of the product mechanism, but also has the enhanced physical property of the carbon-containing fiber in the structure of the product,
1. the thermoplastic resin used in each layer of the material is the same, although the carbon fiber in the composite material is stacked in multiple layers, the material can be integrated into a whole through the compounding of heating and pressurizing, and the layering is avoided, so that the physical acting force of the carbon fiber can be exerted to the greatest extent, in the material, the number of layers of the carbon fiber cloth can be increased and reduced according to the strength requirement of a product, the thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is added with the thickness of the bottom layer to meet the thickness requirement of the product design, the resin is used for replacing the carbon fiber, the cost is saved, and the carbon fiber cloth can be flexibly applied.
2. Compared with the prior art, the material of the invention has the significance that when the resin layer containing the short carbon fibers at the bottom layer can be applied to different products, the composite board can be directly heated and remolded to be processed into the product, the process that the resin layer is needed to be additionally attached in the prior art is omitted, and the attachment of the attached resin to the board easily causes other strength problems.
3. When the short carbon fiber-containing resin layer at the bottom layer of the composite material is compounded by using a mould and an injection molding machine, the complex processing procedures of plate processing and positioning, glue and adhesive application, resin film patching, embedded heating and molding or injection molding and the like in the prior art can be saved, and the situations of high manpower turnover cost, low productivity and low yield in the prior art are greatly improved.
Compared with the traditional intermittent processing method of generally using secondary deep processing to carry out secondary heating molding on the carbon fiber composite plate or the preliminarily molded product or embedding the carbon fiber composite plate or the preliminarily molded product into an injection product mechanism, the forming method is simple, simplifies the product processing procedure and also improves the product yield, thereby directly improving the productivity, saving the material cost input in the previous production of the product and enhancing the product performance; and the plastic resin film is not needed to be coated and supplemented, so that the stability of the product is ensured, and the environment-friendly and energy-saving effects are achieved.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention has reasonable design, the material is compounded by one or more layers of carbon fiber prepreg cloth and the truncated unidirectional carbon fiber-containing plastic resin layer, and the processing method is matched, thereby simplifying the processing procedure of the product, improving the yield of the product, directly improving the productivity, saving the material cost input in the past production of the product and enhancing the product performance.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a board made of a board material containing a truncated carbon fiber resin layer by an extruder and then compounded with a carbon fiber prepreg cloth.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a board containing a structure model, which is formed by injecting the board containing the structure model by a plastic mold and an injection molding machine, and then compounded with a carbon fiber prepreg cloth.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
see the drawings.
A carbon fiber composite material and a product processing and forming method thereof are characterized in that: comprises a layer
Or a plurality of layers of carbon fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the multilayer structure is formed by sequentially overlapping single-layer carbon fiber prepreg cloth, and the bottom end of the bottommost carbon fiber prepreg cloth is a truncated unidirectional carbon fiber plastic resin layer; the attached figure is a two-layer structure, which comprises two layers of carbon fiber prepreg cloth 1 and 2, and one layer of a truncated unidirectional carbon fiber plastic resin layer 3.
The carbon fiber composite material comprises the following specific processing and forming steps:
(1) the truncated unidirectional carbon fiber-containing plastic resin layer is made of high-melting-point PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber. The plastic resin is stirred with the truncated unidirectional carbon fiber by a melting method and then is made into plastic particles containing carbon fiber by a grain extractor; solves the problems that the prior composite material can not solve the problems that the product has large thickness fall and the product has barbs, hooks, screw holes and other structures;
(2) the carbon fiber prepreg is prepared by weaving unidirectional long carbon fiber cloth or carbon fiber yarns to obtain plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional bidirectional carbon fiber cloth or fabric, and pre-impregnating low-melting-point PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber and other thermoplastic plastic resins by using a melting method; the single-direction carbon fiber cloth or the carbon fiber yarn is woven to obtain plain-weave, twill, satin or three-dimensional bidirectional carbon fiber cloth or fabric, thermoplastic plastic resin (including but not limited to the resin) such as PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber is presoaked by a melting method, and a single-layer or multi-layer stacked composite layer is carried out according to the product requirement, and the appearance layer or the inner core reinforced layer of the composite material product is obtained;
(3) firstly, carrying out single-layer or multi-layer stacking and compounding on the carbon fiber cloth or fabric pre-soaked with the plastic resin in the step (2) according to the product requirement;
(4) carrying out hot pressing and molding on the 2D or 3D surface of the carbon fiber cloth or fabric compounded in the step (3), and punching or milling to form a laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or a product workpiece with a shape;
(5) making the plastic particles containing the truncated carbon fibers in the step (1) into a plastic plate or a plastic product workpiece with a shape by a plate extruder or a die and an injection molding machine;
(6) and (3) carrying out hot pressing, molding, punching or milling on the laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or the product workpiece with the shape obtained in the step (4), and carrying out hot pressing compounding or embedding on the plate in the step (5) and the plastic product workpiece with the shape obtained in the mold through injection molding to carry out heating compounding, wherein the position is accurate, the process is simplified, and the product produced in the step (2) can release stress generated during injection after the front and the rear are compounded, so that the product has stable size in the processes of post-processing and assembling, and an optimal carbon fiber composite product is obtained.
The high-melting-point plastic resin in the step (1) and the low-melting-point plastic resin in the step (2) mean that under the condition of using the same resin, the melting point temperature of the resin has a certain fall according to the formula, and the temperature fall is between 0.1 ℃ and 100 ℃; the temperature of the high-melting-point plastic resin in the step (1) is higher than that of the low-melting-point plastic resin in the step (2).
In the step (6), the laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or the shaped product workpiece obtained by hot pressing, molding, punching or milling in the step (4) is then subjected to hot pressing compounding or embedded in a mold with the plate in the step (5) and subjected to heating compounding with the plastic shaped product workpiece obtained by injection molding in the mold, on the premise that the composite contact surfaces of the two products are separated by a 3D figure file of the whole product made of the composite material, and the lower contact surface of the product in the step (4) is matched with the upper contact surface of the product in the step (5) in terms of plane, cambered surface and opposite surface, so that no gap exists.
The carbon fiber adopted in the application is the main one, the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth in the above characters refers to carbon fiber yarns which are arranged in parallel to form a cloth shape, and the carbon fiber yarns which are woven by the carbon fiber yarns to obtain plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional bidirectional carbon fiber cloth or fabric refer to carbon fiber yarns which are arranged in parallel to form a strip shape (or a belt shape) with a certain width; it may be accompanied by glass-containing fibers, which are simply replaced by components, molded in the same manner as the steps, the long carbon fibers, i.e., long glass fibers impregnated with resin, and the short unidirectional carbon fiber-containing plastic resin, i.e., short glass fiber-containing molten resin.
The above carbon fiber composite material, especially the structure containing the truncated unidirectional carbon fiber plastic resin layer 3, can be processed in the following two ways (but not limited to these two ways).
For example: the forming method of the structure shown in fig. 2 comprises the following steps:
step 1, weaving unidirectional carbon fiber cloth or long carbon fiber yarns to obtain plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional bidirectional carbon fiber cloth or fabric, and pre-soaking the cloth or fabric with thermoplastic resin (including but not limited to) such as PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber and the like by using a melting method to obtain carbon fiber pre-soaked cloth;
step 2, selecting one or more layers (coating and scraping one layer, two layers and multiple layers, but not limited to the layers) according to the 2D or 3D shape of the product and the strength and thickness requirement of the product, heating, laminating and pressing;
step 3, melting the short carbon fiber by using a melting method and melting thermoplastic resins (including but not limited to) such as PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber to form plastic particles, and extruding the sheet material by using a traditional sheet material extruding process
And 4, heating and pressing the plate with the layer 1 and the layer 2 obtained in the step 2 and the plate with the layer 3 of the plastic resin obtained in the step 3 into a plate of the carbon fiber composite material to obtain the carbon fiber composite plate shown in the figure 2.
For example: the forming method of the structure shown in fig. 3 comprises the following steps:
step 1, weaving unidirectional carbon fiber cloth or long carbon fiber yarns to obtain plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional carbon fiber cloth or fabric, and pre-soaking the carbon fiber cloth or fabric with thermoplastic resin (including but not limited to) such as PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber and the like by using a melting method to obtain carbon fiber pre-soaked cloth;
step 2 is to select one or more layers (including but not limited to one layer, two layers and multiple layers) according to the 2D or 3D shape of the product and the strength and thickness requirement of the product, heat and laminate the layers and press the layers
Step 3, fusing the shortened short carbon fibers with thermoplastic resins (such as PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber and the like) by using a fusion method to form plastic particles, and injecting the plastic particles containing the shortened carbon fibers into a plastic product with a shape through a mold and an injection molding machine according to the 2D or 3D shape of the required product by using a traditional plastic mold and an injection molding machine injection process;
and step 4, the carbon fiber product with the shape of the 1 layer plus 2 layers in the figure obtained in the step 2 and the product with the shape of the 3 rd layer of plastic resin obtained in the step 3 are heated and pressed into a shaped product of the carbon fiber composite material, so that the shaped product of the carbon fiber composite material shown in the figure 3 is obtained.

Claims (2)

1. A carbon fiber composite characterized by: the carbon fiber composite material comprises one or more layers of carbon fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the multilayer structure is formed by sequentially stacking and placing single-layer carbon fiber prepreg cloth after prepreg, and the bottom end of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth in the carbon fiber composite material is a one-way carbon fiber plastic resin layer containing truncated carbon fibers; the carbon fiber composite material comprises the following specific processing and forming steps:
(1) the plastic resin layer containing the truncated unidirectional carbon fibers is prepared into plastic particles containing carbon fibers by stirring the plastic resin with high melting point and the truncated unidirectional carbon fibers by a melting method and then passing through a grain extractor;
(2) the carbon fiber prepreg cloth is unidirectional long carbon fiber cloth or plain, twill, satin or three-dimensional bidirectional carbon fiber cloth or carbon fiber fabric obtained by weaving long carbon fiber yarns, and low-melting-point plastic resin is pre-impregnated by a melting method;
(3) firstly, carrying out single-layer or multi-layer stacking and compounding on the carbon fiber cloth or fabric pre-soaked with the plastic resin in the step (2) according to the product requirement;
(4) carrying out hot pressing, molding, punching or milling on the 2D or 3D surface of the carbon fiber cloth or fabric compounded in the step (3) to form a single-layer or laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or a product workpiece with a shape;
(5) making the plastic particles containing the truncated carbon fibers in the step (1) into a plastic plate or a plastic product workpiece with the same shape as the plastic plate in the step (4) through a plate extruder or a die and an injection molding machine;
(6) heating and compounding the laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or the product workpiece with the shape obtained in the step (4) and the plate in the step (5) in a hot-pressing compounding manner or embedding the laminated carbon fiber laminated plate or the product workpiece with the shape into a mold to be subjected to injection molding in the mold, so as to obtain a carbon fiber composite plate material or a composite material product with the shape;
the high-melting-point plastic resin in the step (1) and the low-melting-point plastic resin in the step (2) mean that under the condition that the same composite material uses the same resin or the resin capable of being fused together, the melting point temperature of the resin has a certain fall under the condition of intervention according to the formula or the type of selected resin, and the temperature fall is between 0.1 ℃ and 100 ℃; the melting point temperature of the high-melting-point plastic resin in the step (1) is higher than that of the low-melting-point plastic resin in the step (2).
2. The carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-melting-point plastic resin is PA, PC, POM, PVC, PS, PP, PE, polyphenyl ether, polysulfone or rubber.
CN201910183089.2A 2019-03-12 2019-03-12 Carbon fiber composite material Active CN109703121B (en)

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CN113059867B (en) * 2021-03-26 2023-05-23 威海和利源碳纤维科技有限公司 Carbon fiber structural member and preparation method thereof
CN114851595B (en) * 2022-04-25 2024-01-16 湖南弘辉科技有限公司 Forming method of composite material plate and preparation method of catheter support arm
CN115122714B (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-09-22 安徽天富环保科技材料有限公司 Preparation process of activated carbon fiber cloth for electrode preparation

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Effective date of registration: 20240527

Address after: No. 10, Longgang Road, Jinxi Town, Taihu County, Anqing City, Anhui Province, 246400

Patentee after: Anhui Zhuneng Carbon Fiber Material Co.,Ltd.

Country or region after: China

Address before: No. 303, Taihu Pioneering Park office, Jinxi Town, Taihu County, Anqing City, Anhui Province

Patentee before: ANHUI QIYI NEW MATERIAL PLASTIC Co.,Ltd.

Country or region before: China