CN109701382B - Superfine powder dispersing and spraying system and processing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Superfine powder dispersing and spraying system and processing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system, a processing method and application thereof, wherein the system comprises a powder fluidizing device, a high-pressure airflow dispersing device, an electrostatic dispersing device and a powder output device; the side wall of the powder fluidizing device is provided with an ultrafine powder feeding hole, the bottom of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a gas inlet, the top of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a material outlet, and the material outlet is connected with a material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device; the material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device is connected with the material inlet of the electrostatic dispersing device, and the material outlet of the electrostatic dispersing device is connected with the material outlet of the powder output device. The invention combines four dispersion technologies of drying, multi-granularity fluidization, high-speed airflow, static electricity and the like to realize the full dispersion of the superfine powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder dispersion, relates to an ultrafine powder dispersion and injection system, a treatment method and application thereof, and particularly relates to an ultrafine composite additive and/or ultrafine limestone powder dispersion and injection system for desulfurization, denitration or demercuration processes, a treatment method and application thereof.
Background
The traditional in-furnace calcium spraying desulfurization process is a desulfurization mode of adding a cheap calcium-based desulfurizer (mainly limestone) into a furnace in a pneumatic conveying mode, and compared with tail flue gas desulfurization (wet or semi-dry) outside the furnace, the in-furnace calcium spraying desulfurization process has the advantages of small floor area, low initial investment and operation cost, no water consumption, no by-product, simple system and the like, and the in-furnace desulfurization efficiency can reach 40 percent (pulverized coal furnace) or 90 percent (circulating fluidized bed boiler).
The in-furnace calcium spraying desulfurization process system generally consists of a limestone feeding and conveying system, a gasification system and a compressed air system. Limestone powder enters a limestone powder bin through a powder feeding pipe by a tank car, is heated by an electric heater, is gasified, dried and fluidized, is uniformly conveyed by an electric feeder to enter a buffer bin, is metered by a variable-frequency feeder to be fed into an ejector by the buffer bin, is carried by high-pressure air provided by a Roots blower in the ejector to enter a powder conveying pipeline, and is sprayed into a hearth from a secondary air pipe, so that the in-furnace desulfurization is realized. For example, CN 105817136a discloses a desulfurization system in a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Limestone particle size is one of the important factors affecting desulfurization efficiency. In the prior furnace calcium spraying engineering practice, fine limestone powder of-200 meshes (-74 microns) is generally used; a large number of engineering practices show that limestone particles of-200 meshes have large specific surface area, more developed micropore structures and higher reaction activity after being calcined, but are quickly entrained and lifted after being sprayed into a hearth and escape from a circulating fluidized bed cyclone separator (the separation critical particle size of the separator is generally 70-100 mu m), SO that SO in limestone powder and flue gas is generated2Too short of contact time, not only SO2The removal efficiency is low, and the residual CaO in the fly ash is excessive, thereby reducing the quality of the fly ash.
For the spray desulfurization of the superfine composite additive, theoretical research shows that the direct desulfurization reaction gradually transits from a product layer control stage to a chemical reaction control stage along with the reduction of the size of the desulfurizing agent. Under the reaction control condition, the micropores of the desulfurizer are unblocked, the reaction activation energy is very low, and SO is2Fast reaction on the surface and inside of desulfurizing agentTherefore, efficient desulfurization can be achieved. The superfine desulfurizer is adopted for desulfurization, and because the reaction speed is high, the required reaction time is short, and the high conversion can be realized only in a few seconds.
The superfine powder composite additive generally refers to a solid or liquid substance with a particle size of less than 10 microns, which has the functions of carrying out chemical reaction, physical and/or chemical adsorption and the like with sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, mercury and the like in flue gas so as to reduce the emission of pollutants. The superfine powder composite additive has small granularity and even quality, and compared with the conventional desulfurizer, the superfine powder composite additive has good surface performance, and has a series of excellent electrical property, magnetism, optical property, mechanical property, chemical property and other macroscopic characteristics. However, in the air, the ultrafine powder particles are easy to generate spontaneous coagulation, show strong agglomeration characteristics, generate secondary particles with larger particle sizes, and have poor dispersibility and rheological property, so that the processing of the ultrafine powder particles, such as preparation, classification, uniform mixing, storage and transportation, cannot be normally carried out in a factory, and the performance of the ultrafine powder particles is reduced, which is a problem that cannot be solved all the time in the world.
The agglomeration of powder in air is mainly caused by the following reasons:
(1) agglomeration of particles caused by intermolecular forces.
The van der waals attraction present between molecules causes the particles to agglomerate and is proportional to the particle diameter.
(2) Agglomeration due to electrostatic forces between particles.
The powder is charged in dry air by three ways: charging particles in a production process of the particles, for example, the particles are triboelectrically charged against the surface in a dry grinding process; contacting the charged surface to contact the particles with a charge; the diffusion of gaseous ions, which may be generated by corona discharge, radiation, cosmic rays, photoionization, and flame ionization, charges the particles.
(3) The binding of the particles in humid air causes agglomeration.
In humid air, due to the difference in vapor pressure and the effect of the unsaturated force field on the particle surface, the particles will condense or adsorb a certain amount of vapor to a greater or lesser extent, forming a water film on their surface. The thickness of the water film is related to the degree of hydrophilicity of the particle surface and the humidity of the air. The more hydrophilic, the greater the humidity, the thicker the water film. When the relative humidity of air exceeds 65%, water vapor begins to agglomerate on the surfaces of the particles and among the particles, and the liquid bridge is formed among the particles to greatly enhance the bonding force.
Research work by scholars at home and abroad has shown that relying on a single dispersing technique alone is not sufficient to disperse agglomerated particles. Therefore, how to solve the problem that the superfine composite additive is easy to agglomerate in the processes of desulfurization, denitrification or demercuration, and the like, and to improve the removal efficiency is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system, a treatment method and application thereof, aiming at the problems that the existing ultrafine composite powder and/or additive is easy to agglomerate secondarily in the processes of desulfurization, denitration or demercuration and the like, and the removal effect needs to be improved. The invention combines four dispersion technologies of drying, multi-granularity fluidization, high-speed airflow, static electricity and the like to realize the full dispersion of the superfine powder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system, characterized in that the system comprises a powder fluidizing device, a high-pressure airflow dispersing device, an electrostatic dispersing device and a powder output device; the side wall of the powder fluidizing device is provided with an ultrafine powder feeding hole, the bottom of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a gas inlet, the top of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a material outlet, and the material outlet is connected with a material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device; the material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device is connected with the material inlet of the electrostatic dispersing device, and the material outlet of the electrostatic dispersing device is connected with the material outlet of the powder output device.
The superfine powder dispersing and spraying system is suitable for the processes of desulfurization, denitration, demercuration and the like of superfine powder such as superfine composite additive and/or superfine limestone powder. The additive injector is suitable for injecting additives in furnaces of various solid, liquid or gas combustion devices and tail flue gas pipelines, and is further suitable for desulfurization, denitration or demercuration of coal-fired boilers or circulating fluidized bed boilers and the like.
In the present invention, the "high pressure" in the high-pressure gas stream distribution device means a pressure of 80kPa to 100kPa, for example, 80kPa, 83kPa, 85kPa, 87kPa, 90kPa, 93kPa, 95kPa, 97kPa, 100kPa, or the like, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Because the dispersed ultrafine powder particles are easy to generate secondary coagulation and agglomeration in the air flow conveying process, the system of the invention realizes the full dispersion of the ultrafine powder by combining various dispersion technologies such as drying, multi-granularity fluidization, high-pressure air flow dispersion, static electricity and the like.
The invention adopts multi-component and/or multi-particle fluidization technology, utilizes coarse particle fluidization to dry, primarily disperse and control the feeding rate of the superfine powder.
The invention utilizes the high-pressure airflow dispersion technology to carry out secondary dispersion on the superfine powder, and utilizes high-pressure air to continuously dry and loosen the superfine powder so as to reduce the liquid bridge force among powder particles and simultaneously increase the fluidity of the powder particles; meanwhile, the heated high-pressure airflow can heat the powder and enter the charging device together with the powder, so that the powder particles carry a large amount of static charges, the electrostatic repulsion among the charged particles is utilized to prevent the mutual agglomeration among the particles, the dispersed powder is prevented from being agglomerated before entering the furnace, the dispersed powder is in a completely uniform dispersion state and has an optimal activity state, and finally the dispersed powder is sprayed out by the most front powder output device. In the process, the charge of the powder particles to the maximum extent is the key to realize the dispersion and agglomeration resistance of the powder.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafine powder has an average particle size of < 10 μm, for example, 9 μm, 8 μm, 7 μm, 6 μm, 5 μm, 4 μm, 3 μm, 2 μm or 1 μm, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in the above-mentioned range are also applicable.
Preferably, the superfine powder feeding port is connected with a superfine powder feeding device.
Preferably, the superfine powder feeding device comprises a superfine powder storage tank and a feeding assembly, and the storage tank is connected with the superfine powder feeding port through the feeding assembly.
Preferably, the feeding assembly comprises a screw conveyor pump and/or a chain conveyor, but is not limited to the illustrated feeding assembly, and any feeding assembly that can feed the material into the powder fluidizing device can be used in the system described herein.
The spiral conveyor is a machine which utilizes a motor to drive a spiral to rotate and push materials so as to achieve the purpose of conveying. The conveying device can convey horizontally, obliquely or vertically, and has the advantages of simple structure, small cross section area, good sealing property, convenience in operation, easiness in maintenance, convenience in closed transportation and the like. When the material is added into the machine groove fixed on the screw conveyor, the material accumulated at the lower part of the machine groove does not rotate along with the screw body due to the gravity of the material and the friction force between the material and the machine groove, but only moves forwards under the pushing of the rotating helical blade, and the purpose of conveying the material is achieved as if the non-rotating nut does translational motion along the rotating screw rod. The machine is convenient for multi-point loading and unloading, and can simultaneously complete mixing and stirring functions in the conveying process.
Preferably, the powder fluidizing device comprises a fluidized bed, and gas passes through the bed layer of the fluidized bed at a high flow speed to drive solid particles in the bed to move, and the powder fluidizing device has a fluid flow characteristic-like device. It features that the gas is fully contacted with solid, the speed of gas flow is more than three times that of fixed bed, and the superfine powder composite additive is dried, primarily dispersed and its feeding rate is controlled by multi-component or multi-particle flow fluidizing technology and coarse particle fluidizing and wind distributing.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the high-pressure air flow dispersing device comprises an air conveying pipeline, a high-pressure air nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the air conveying pipeline and used for carrying out high-pressure air flow impact dispersion on the material generated by the powder fluidizing device by utilizing high-pressure air flow, and the injection pressure of the high-pressure air nozzle is 80 kPa-100 kPa.
Preferably, the system further comprises a gas heating and drying device, and a gas outlet of the gas heating and drying device is connected with a gas inlet of the powder fluidizing device and a gas pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device.
Preferably, a pressure conveying assembly is arranged between the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying device and the inlet of the gas conveying pipeline of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device.
Preferably, the pressure delivery assembly comprises a high pressure blower having a delivery pressure of 80kPa to 100kPa, such as 80kPa, 83kPa, 85kPa, 87kPa, 90kPa, 93kPa, 95kPa, 97kPa, or 100kPa, but is not limited to the recited values, and other unrecited values within the range are equally applicable.
As a preferred technical scheme, the static electricity dispersing device comprises a charge needle, a charge needle support, an insulating tube, a grounding ring and a power supply, wherein the charge needle and the charge needle support are arranged in the insulating tube, the charge needle and the charge needle support are perpendicular and connected, the charge needle support is fixed in the insulating tube, the grounding ring surrounds the insulating tube, and the power supply is connected with the charge needle support.
In the invention, the charge needle and the charge needle support of the charging device are arranged in the insulating tube, the charge needle is connected with the power supply through the support, the power supply, the charge needle and the grounding ring form a stronger corona field, so that powder particles are charged to the maximum extent under the charge action of an electrostatic field when passing through the insulating tube, and thus, larger Coulomb repulsion force exists among the particles.
According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the powder output device comprises a Laval nozzle, the front half part of the nozzle is contracted from big to small to the middle to a narrow throat, and the narrow throat is expanded from small to big to the outer to the arrow bottom. The air in the arrow body flows into the front half part of the nozzle under high pressure, passes through the narrow throat and escapes from the rear half part. The structure can change the speed of the airflow due to the change of the spray cross section area, so that the airflow is accelerated from subsonic speed to sonic speed to supersonic speed, and the dispersing device can improve the gas flow speed and accelerate the powder mixing disturbance.
Preferably, the powder output device is connected with a device to be subjected to ultrafine powder, and the device to be subjected to ultrafine powder is a device outside the system.
Preferably, the device for performing the ultrafine powder comprises a furnace of a combustion device and a tail flue gas pipeline.
Preferably, the combustion device comprises a coal-fired boiler and/or a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
As a preferable technical scheme, the system comprises an ultrafine powder feeding device, a gas heating and drying device, a powder fluidizing device, a high-pressure airflow dispersing device, an electrostatic dispersing device and a powder output device.
The side wall of the powder fluidizing device is provided with an ultrafine powder feeding port, the ultrafine powder feeding port is connected with an ultrafine powder feeding device, the ultrafine powder feeding device comprises an ultrafine powder storage tank and a feeding assembly, and the storage tank is connected with the ultrafine powder feeding port through the feeding assembly;
the bottom of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a gas inlet, the gas inlet is connected with a gas outlet of gas heating and drying equipment, the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying equipment is also connected with a gas transmission pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device, and a high-pressure fan is arranged between the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying equipment and the gas transmission pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device;
the top of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a material outlet which is connected with a material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device, the high-pressure airflow dispersing device comprises a gas transmission pipeline, and the tail end of the gas transmission pipeline is provided with a high-pressure air nozzle;
the material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device is connected with the material inlet of the static dispersing device, the static dispersing device comprises a charge needle, a charge needle bracket, an insulating tube, a grounding ring and a power supply, wherein the charge needle and the charge needle bracket are arranged in the insulating tube, the charge needle and the charge needle bracket are vertical and connected, the charge needle bracket is fixed in the insulating tube, the grounding ring surrounds the insulating tube, and the power supply is connected with the charge needle bracket;
the material outlet of the electrostatic dispersion device and the material outlet of the powder output device, and the powder output device comprises a Laval nozzle;
wherein, the feeding assembly comprises a screw conveying pump and/or a chain conveyor.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a processing method of the above system, the method including:
and (3) outputting the superfine powder after fluidization, high-pressure airflow dispersion and electrostatic dispersion in sequence.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluidization is performed in a powder fluidizing device.
Preferably, the gas used in the gas fluidisation is heated air.
Preferably, the heated air has a temperature of 60 ℃ to 90 ℃, such as 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ or 90 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the flow velocity of the gas used in the gas fluidization is between 3m/s and 5m/s, such as 3m/s, 3.5m/s, 4m/s, 4.5m/s or 5m/s, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the high pressure gas stream dispersion is carried out in a high pressure gas stream dispersion device.
Preferably, the high pressure gas stream used in the high pressure gas stream dispersion has a pressure of 80kPa to 100kPa, such as 80kPa, 83kPa, 85kPa, 87kPa, 90kPa, 93kPa, 95kPa, 97kPa, or 100kPa, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of values are also applicable.
Preferably, the high pressure gas stream used in the high pressure gas stream dispersion is heated air at a temperature of 60 ℃ to 90 ℃, such as 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ or 90 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the electrostatic dispersion is carried out in an electrostatic dispersion device.
Preferably, the power source applied in the electrostatic dispersion is a high voltage power source having a voltage of 50kV to 90kV, such as 50kV, 55kV, 60kV, 65kV, 70kV, 75kV, 80kV, 85kV, or 90kV, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the current in the electrostatic dispersion is 6mA to 8mA, such as 6mA, 6.5mA, 7mA, 7.5mA, or 8mA, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the numerical range are also applicable.
Preferably, the output is performed by a powder output device.
Preferably, the powder output is sprayed by a laval nozzle.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method comprises:
fluidizing superfine powder with average grain size smaller than 10 microns in a powder fluidizing device by heated air, dispersing the fluidized powder under the action of high-pressure airflow with the pressure of 80-100 kPa and the temperature of 60-90 ℃, dispersing the powder dispersed by the high-pressure airflow under the condition of the voltage of 50-90 kV and the current of 6-8 mA, and spraying the powder through a Laval nozzle after static electricity.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of the above-mentioned system for injection of additives in the furnace and/or in the tail flue gas duct of a combustion plant.
Preferably, the system is used for injection of additives in the coal fired boiler and/or in the circulating fluidized bed boiler and/or in the tail flue gas duct.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the system provided by the invention adopts a fluidization technology to dry and primarily disperse the ultrafine powder, and then secondary coagulation and agglomeration of ultrafine powder particles in the air flow conveying process can be effectively avoided by combining high-pressure air flow dispersion and electrostatic dispersion, so that the desulfurization, denitrification or demercuration efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electrostatic dispersion apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the device comprises a powder fluidization device, a high-pressure airflow dispersion device, a 3 static dispersion device, a 4 powder output device, a 5 storage tank, a 6 feeding assembly, a 7 gas heating and drying device, a 8 high-pressure fan, a 31 charging needle, a 32 charging needle support, an 33 insulating pipe, a 34 grounding ring and a 35 power supply.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
The invention provides a superfine powder dispersing and spraying system and a processing method thereof, wherein the system comprises a powder fluidizing device 1, a high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2, an electrostatic dispersing device 3 and a powder output device 4; wherein, the side wall of the powder fluidizing device 1 is provided with an ultrafine powder feeding port, the bottom of the powder fluidizing device 1 is provided with a gas inlet, the top of the powder fluidizing device 1 is provided with a material outlet, and the material outlet is connected with the material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2; the material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2 is connected with the material inlet of the electrostatic dispersing device 3, and the material outlet of the electrostatic dispersing device 3 is connected with the material outlet of the powder output device 4.
The processing method of the system comprises the following steps:
and (3) outputting the superfine powder after fluidization, high-pressure airflow dispersion and electrostatic dispersion in sequence.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system for desulfurization and denitrification in a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and as shown in fig. 1, the system comprises an ultrafine powder feeding device, a gas heating and drying device 7, a powder fluidizing device 1, a high-pressure gas flow dispersing device 2, an electrostatic dispersing device 3 and a powder output device 4;
the superfine powder feeding device comprises a superfine powder storage tank 5 and a feeding component 6, the feeding component 6 is a spiral delivery pump, and the feeding component 6 is connected with a superfine powder feeding port arranged on the side wall of the powder fluidizing device 1;
a gas outlet of the gas heating and drying device 7 is connected with a gas inlet at the bottom of the powder fluidizing device 1 and a gas transmission pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device 2, and a high-pressure fan 8 is arranged between the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying device 7 and the gas transmission pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device 2;
the top of the powder fluidizing device 1 is provided with a material outlet which is connected with a material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2, the high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2 comprises an air conveying pipeline, and the tail end of the air conveying pipeline is provided with a high-pressure air nozzle; the material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device is connected with the material inlet of the electrostatic dispersing device 3, and the material outlet of the electrostatic dispersing device 3 is connected with the material outlet of the powder output device 4.
Wherein the powder fluidizing device 1 is a fluidized bed;
as shown in fig. 2, the static electricity dispersing device 3 includes a charging pin 31, a charging pin support 32, an insulating tube 33, a grounding ring 34 and a power supply 35, wherein the charging pin 31 and the charging pin support 32 are disposed in the insulating tube 33, the charging pin 31 and the charging pin support 32 are perpendicular and connected, the charging pin support 32 is fixed in the insulating tube 33, the grounding ring 34 surrounds the insulating tube 33, and the power supply 35 is connected to the charging pin support 32;
the powder output device 4 is a laval nozzle.
The processing method of the system comprises the following steps:
(a) feeding the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent with the average particle size less than 10 mu m into a powder fluidizing device 1 through a superfine powder feeding device, feeding hot air heated to 80 ℃ into the powder fluidizing device 1 from the bottom of the powder fluidizing device 1 through a gas heating and drying device 7, and drying and fluidizing the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent;
(b) the fluidized superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent enters a high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2, hot air with the temperature of 80 ℃ generated by a gas heating and drying device 7 is pressurized to high-pressure airflow with the pressure of 90kPa and enters the high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2 to carry out high-pressure dispersion on the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent;
(c) the high-pressure dispersed superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent enters an electrostatic dispersion device 3 for electrostatic dispersion, wherein the voltage is 70kV, the current is 7mA, and the electrostatically dispersed superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent is sent into a circulating fluidized bed boiler through a powder output device 4 for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas.
Through this embodiment the system send superfine composite SOx/NOx control agent into circulating fluidized bed boiler and carry out SOx/NOx control, superfine composite SOx/NOx control agent can not appear secondary coagulation and reunion phenomenon, and superfine composite SOx/NOx control reacts fast in the stove, can realize high-efficient SOx/NOx control.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system and a method for processing the same, which is different from the system of embodiment 1 only in that: the feeding assembly 6 is a chain conveyor, and the system is used for desulfurization and denitrification in the coal-fired boiler.
The treatment process was as in example 1, except that: the hot air is heated to 60 ℃ in step (a); the pressure of the high pressure gas stream in step (b) is 80 kPa; the voltage in the electrostatic dispersion device 3 in the step (c) is 50kV, and the current is 6 mA.
Through the system described in the embodiment, the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent does not have the phenomenon of secondary condensation and agglomeration, and can be quickly reacted in the furnace, so that high-efficiency desulfurization and denitrification can be realized.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides an ultrafine powder dispersing and spraying system and a method for processing the same, which is different from the system of embodiment 1 only in that: the system is used for a coal-fired boiler.
The treatment process was as in example 1, except that: the hot air is heated to 90 ℃ in step (a); the pressure of the high pressure gas stream in step (b) is 100 kPa; the voltage in the electrostatic dispersion device 3 in the step (c) is 90kV, and the current is 8 mA.
Through the system described in the embodiment, the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent does not have the phenomenon of secondary condensation and agglomeration, and can be quickly reacted in the furnace, so that high-efficiency desulfurization and denitrification can be realized.
Comparative example 1:
the present comparative example provides an ultrafine powder dispersion and injection system, and the system and the treatment method thereof refer to the system and method in CN 105817136 a.
Comparing the systems in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1, the system in the embodiment 1 is adopted to spray the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent into the coal circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency is improved by more than 15% compared with the system in the comparative example 1; also, the spray of the ultra-fine composite additive using the system of comparative example 1 may cause a serious agglomeration phenomenon.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example provides an ultrafine powder dispersion and injection system, the system structure of which is as in example 1 except that: the powder fluidizing device 1 is not included, namely the superfine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent is sprayed into a circulating fluidized bed boiler for desulfurization and denitrification after high-pressure dispersion and electrostatic dispersion without gaseous fluidization.
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 2, comparative example 2 does not fluidize the ultra-fine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent, so that the ultra-fine composite additive is not primarily dried and dispersed, and the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency is reduced by 5% compared with that in example 1.
Comparative example 3:
this comparative example provides an ultrafine powder dispersion and injection system, the system structure of which is as in example 1 except that: the high-pressure airflow dispersing device 2 is not included, namely the ultrafine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent is not dispersed by the high-pressure airflow after fluidization, but is directly subjected to electrostatic dispersion.
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, in comparative example 2, since the fluidized ultrafine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent is not subjected to high-pressure airflow dispersion, the ultrafine composite additive is not subjected to secondary drying and dispersion, and the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency is reduced by about 5% compared with that in example 1.
Comparative example 4:
this comparative example provides an ultrafine powder dispersion and injection system, the system structure of which is as in example 1 except that: the electrostatic dispersion device 3 is not included, namely the ultrafine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent is directly sprayed into the circulating fluidized bed boiler for desulfurization and denitrification without electrostatic dispersion after fluidization and high-pressure dispersion.
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, in comparative example 2, the ultrafine composite additive fine powder is re-agglomerated because the ultrafine composite desulfurization and denitrification agent after the high-pressure gas stream is dispersed is not electrostatically dispersed, and the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency is reduced by 5% -10% compared with that in example 1.
It can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples that the system of the present invention employs a fluidization technology to dry and primarily disperse the ultrafine powder, and then the high-pressure airflow dispersion is combined with the electrostatic dispersion to effectively avoid the secondary coagulation and agglomeration of the ultrafine powder particles in the airflow transportation process, thereby improving the desulfurization, denitrification or demercuration efficiency.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (30)
1. A superfine powder dispersing and spraying system is characterized by comprising a powder fluidizing device, a high-pressure airflow dispersing device, an electrostatic dispersing device and a powder output device; the side wall of the powder fluidizing device is provided with an ultrafine powder feeding hole, the bottom of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a gas inlet, the top of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a material outlet, and the material outlet is connected with a material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device; a material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device is connected with a material inlet of the electrostatic dispersing device, and a material outlet of the electrostatic dispersing device is connected with a material inlet of the powder output device;
the static electricity dispersing device comprises a charge needle, a charge needle support, an insulating tube, a grounding ring and a power supply, wherein the charge needle and the charge needle support are arranged in the insulating tube, the charge needle and the charge needle support are vertical and connected, the charge needle support is fixed in the insulating tube, the grounding ring surrounds the insulating tube, and the power supply is connected with the charge needle support;
the system also comprises gas heating and drying equipment, wherein a gas outlet of the gas heating and drying equipment is connected with a gas inlet of the powder fluidizing device and a gas pipeline inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the ultra-fine powder has an average particle size of < 10 μm.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the micropowder feed inlet is coupled to an micropowder feed assembly.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the ultrafine powder feeding device comprises an ultrafine powder storage tank and a feeding assembly, and the storage tank is connected with the ultrafine powder feeding port through the feeding assembly.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the feed assembly comprises a screw conveyor and/or a chain conveyor.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the powder fluidization device includes a fluidized bed.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the high pressure air flow dispersing device comprises a gas pipeline, and a high pressure air nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the gas pipeline.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein a pressure delivery assembly is disposed between the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying device and the gas delivery pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersion device.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the pressure delivery assembly comprises a high pressure blower, and the delivery pressure of the pressure delivery assembly is 80kPa to 100 kPa.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the powder output device comprises a laval nozzle.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein the powder output device is connected to a device to be subjected to ultra-fine powder.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the means for ultra-fine powder to be performed comprises a furnace of a combustion device and a tail flue gas duct.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the combustion device comprises a coal-fired boiler and/or a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
14. The system of claim 10, wherein the system comprises an ultrafine powder feeding device, a gas heating and drying device, a powder fluidizing device, a high-pressure gas flow dispersing device, an electrostatic dispersing device and a powder output device;
the side wall of the powder fluidizing device is provided with an ultrafine powder feeding port, the ultrafine powder feeding port is connected with an ultrafine powder feeding device, the ultrafine powder feeding device comprises an ultrafine powder storage tank and a feeding assembly, and the storage tank is connected with the ultrafine powder feeding port through the feeding assembly;
the bottom of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a gas inlet, the gas inlet is connected with a gas outlet of gas heating and drying equipment, the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying equipment is also connected with a gas transmission pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device, and a high-pressure fan is arranged between the gas outlet of the gas heating and drying equipment and the gas transmission pipeline inlet of the high-pressure gas flow dispersing device;
the top of the powder fluidizing device is provided with a material outlet which is connected with a material inlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device, the high-pressure airflow dispersing device comprises a gas transmission pipeline, and the tail end of the gas transmission pipeline is provided with a high-pressure air nozzle;
the material outlet of the high-pressure airflow dispersing device is connected with the material inlet of the static dispersing device, the static dispersing device comprises a charge needle, a charge needle bracket, an insulating tube, a grounding ring and a power supply, wherein the charge needle and the charge needle bracket are arranged in the insulating tube, the charge needle and the charge needle bracket are vertical and connected, the charge needle bracket is fixed in the insulating tube, the grounding ring surrounds the insulating tube, and the power supply is connected with the charge needle bracket;
the material outlet of the electrostatic dispersion device is connected with the material inlet of the powder output device, and the powder output device comprises a Laval nozzle;
wherein, the feeding assembly comprises a screw conveying pump and/or a chain conveyor.
15. A method of processing a system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the method comprising:
and (3) outputting the superfine powder after fluidization, high-pressure airflow dispersion and electrostatic dispersion in sequence.
16. The process of claim 15, wherein the fluidization is performed in a powder fluidization device.
17. The process of claim 15 wherein the gas used in the fluidization is heated air.
18. The process of claim 17, wherein the heated air has a temperature of 60 ℃ to 90 ℃.
19. The process according to claim 15, wherein the gas used in the fluidization has a flow velocity of 3 to 5 m/s.
20. The process of claim 15, wherein the dispersing of the high pressure gas stream is carried out in a high pressure gas stream dispersing apparatus.
21. The process according to claim 15, wherein the high pressure gas stream used in the high pressure gas stream dispersion has a pressure of from 80kPa to 100 kPa.
22. The process of claim 15, wherein the high pressure gas stream used in the high pressure gas stream dispersion is heated air having a temperature of from 60 ℃ to 90 ℃.
23. The process of claim 15, wherein the electrostatic dispersion is carried out in an electrostatic dispersion device.
24. The processing method according to claim 15, wherein the power source applied in the electrostatic dispersion is a high voltage power source having a voltage of 50kV to 90 kV.
25. The processing method according to claim 15, wherein the current in the electrostatic dispersion is 6mA to 8 mA.
26. The process of claim 15, wherein the outputting is performed by a powder output device.
27. The process of claim 15 wherein the output is injected using a laval nozzle.
28. The process of claim 27, wherein the process comprises:
fluidizing superfine powder with average grain size smaller than 10 micron in a powder fluidizing device with heated air, high pressure dispersing the fluidized powder in high pressure air flow at 80-100 kPa and 60-90 deg.c, electrostatic dispersing the powder in high pressure air flow at 50-90 kV and 6-8 mA, and spraying via Laval nozzle.
29. Use of a system according to any of claims 1-14 for injection of additives in the furnace and/or in the tail gas duct of a combustion plant.
30. Use according to claim 29, wherein the system is used for injection of additives in a coal-fired boiler and/or in a circulating fluidized bed boiler and/or in a tail flue gas duct.
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