CN103130234B - Device and method for recovering boron oxide and carbon monoxide from boron carbide smelting tail gas - Google Patents

Device and method for recovering boron oxide and carbon monoxide from boron carbide smelting tail gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103130234B
CN103130234B CN201110378025.1A CN201110378025A CN103130234B CN 103130234 B CN103130234 B CN 103130234B CN 201110378025 A CN201110378025 A CN 201110378025A CN 103130234 B CN103130234 B CN 103130234B
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boron oxide
cyclone separator
boron
carbon monoxide
electrostatic cyclone
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CN103130234A (en
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汤根土
胡万起
李道招
王晓岚
李竹川
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for recovering boron oxide and carbon monoxide from boron carbide smelting tail gas. The device comprises a liquid boron oxide collection system, a boron oxide powder collection system and a carbon monoxide separation purification system. The liquid boron oxide collection system comprises a first cooling water sleeve (2), a liquid boron oxide collection tank (7) and a static cyclone separator (8), wherein the first cooling water sleeve (2) tilts downward at an inclined plane of 5 to 40 degrees. The boron oxide powder collection system comprises a second cooling water sleeve (11), a heat pipe heat-exchanger (12), a boron oxide powder collection hopper (17), a bag-type dust collector (18) and an induced draft fan (19). The device and the method realize proper treatment on effluents in boron carbide smelting tail gas, realizes effective recovery of boron oxide and carbon monoxide gas and recovery of waste heat of boron carbide smelting tail gas, and avoids harmful gas emission and pipe blocking caused by gaseous boron oxide cooling.

Description

From norbide smelting exhaust, reclaim the device and method of boron oxide and carbon monoxide
Technical field
The present invention relates to off gas treatment field.Particularly, relate to a kind of device and method that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust.
Background technology
Norbide, since 1858 are found, has been found 16 kinds so far.Most scholars thinks, norbide compound exists one from B 4c is to B 10.5the very wide equal phase region of C, the material in this equal phase region is commonly referred to as norbide traditionally, stoichiometric B 4c is a kind of ideal situation.Norbide is a kind of nonmetal infusible compound, and its hardness is only second to diamond and boron nitride.Norbide is because the character of its covalent linkage has the characteristics such as high rigidity, high-modulus, low density, high chemical stability and neutron-absorption cross-section and thermoelectricity capability, so boron carbide micro powder and goods thereof are all widely used in a lot of fields, as for making bulletproof armour, grinding and removing material, anti-attrition and self-lubricating material, extraordinary resistance to bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry etch material, shielding material, function ceramics, reactor control rod and thermoelectric element etc.
The industrial B that produces 4c, normal employing be take the carbothermic reduction smelting process (comprising electric arc furnace carbothermic method, carbon tube furnace carbothermic method) that boric acid and carbon is raw material, in smelting process, can produce a large amount of flue gases, flue gas main component is carbon monoxide (CO) and boron trioxide (B 2o 3), also have a small amount of CO 2with carbon dust, B 2o, BO, B 2o 2.Wherein CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas is a kind of colourless, tasteless, odorless, non-irritating choke damp.Comparatively complete in order to make boric acid react with carbon to carry out, conventionally can excessive 30%~50% by stoichiometric ratio boric acid.Due to do not have at present can with equipment carry out these valuable materials of efficient recovery and be mostly discharged in atmosphere, cause air environmental pollution.Although Chinese invention patent (200620090797.X, publication number CN 2897469Y) has proposed " boron carbide smelting smoke treater ", the flue-gas treater consisting of smoke collecting cover, flue gas delivery pipe, induced draft fan, filtration chamber.But due to B 2o 3under high temperature liquid state, be the large even very large material of a kind of viscosity, this will certainly cause the obstruction at cooling position rapidly of flue gas collection tube, thereby equipment cannot normally be worked.This patent is not carried out efficient recovery to CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas yet in addition, thereby causes the waste of resource.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the cooling easy blocking pipeline of gaseous oxidation boron in existing norbide production technique and the defect that do not reclaim CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, provide a kind of device and method that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of device that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust, it comprises: liquid oxidatively boron gathering system, boron oxide powder gathering system, carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying,
Described liquid oxidatively boron gathering system, comprises the first watercooling jacket 2, liquid oxidatively boron collection box 7 and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8, wherein, described the first watercooling jacket 2 take inclination angle as 5 °~40 ° downward-sloping;
Described boron oxide powder gathering system, comprises the second watercooling jacket 11, hot tube heat exchanger 12, boron oxide powder collection bucket 17, sack cleaner 18 and induced draft fan 19;
Norbide smelting exhaust is after the first watercooling jacket 2 is cooling, by Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe 3, enter Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8, liquid oxidatively boron after separation enters liquid oxidatively boron collection box 7, and the gas after rough purification is cooling in the second watercooling jacket 11 through Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5; The cooled tail gas of secondary continues to enter after cooling the ultra-fine boron oxide powder of sack cleaner 18 separating residuals in hot tube heat exchanger 12, and be collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket 17, the gas that has removed boron oxide enters carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying by induced draft fan 19, purifying carbon oxide gas.
Described Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 comprises Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe 3, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, high-tension insulator 4, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5, corona discharge electrode 6, magnet 9 and high-pressure pulse direct current source 10; Wherein, described high-tension insulator 4 is installed on Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5, the corona discharge electrode 6 being connected with high-tension insulator 4 is placed in Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, described corona discharge electrode 6 is connected with the high-pressure pulse direct current source 10 being placed in outside Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell straight section outside is equipped with magnet 9.
Described corona discharge electrode 6 can be circular wire, long prickle shape or circle prickle shape etc.
Described carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying, comprises the 3rd watercooling jacket 20 and pressure-swing absorption apparatus.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust, comprises the following steps:
1) make norbide smelting exhaust enter vapor pipe under induced draft fan 19 drives, through take inclination angle first watercooling jacket 2 downward-sloping as 5 °~40 ° cooling after, temperature is down to 700 ℃~1000 ℃, and enters Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 with tangential direction;
2) tail gas is after Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 effects, overwhelming majority boron oxide forms drop separation out and flows into liquid boron oxide collection box 7, the gas that carries minute quantity boron oxide is out cooling in the second watercooling jacket 11 from Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5, makes the cooled exhaust temperature of secondary drop to 350 ℃~420 ℃;
Wherein, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator principle is: when Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8, connect after high-voltage pulse power source 10, the corona discharge electrode 6 being connected with high-tension insulator 4 produces corona discharge.After being tangentially blown into containing drop tail gas, the annular space rotation of air-flow between corona discharge electrode 6 and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylinder inboard wall moves down, consequent centrifugal force gets rid of larger particle on cylinder inboard wall, and less drop has part to produce coalescence under the effect of electric field, large drop after coalescence is not with the small droplets while of coalescence moves to cylinder inboard wall, under the acting in conjunction of electrostatic force and centrifugal force, drop is got rid of on cylinder inboard wall, under the effect of swirling eddy and gravity, be attached to stream of liquid droplets on wall of the outer-rotor to liquid oxidatively boron collection box 7, flue gas after purification forms the inward eddy rising and discharges from Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5.And additional magnet 9 is in order to reduce discharge inception voltage, also play the effect of coalescence fine drop simultaneously.The feature of these parts is that Electrostatic technology, magnetic coalescence technology, whirlwind trapping technique are combined, and plays and removes to greatest extent condensed drop.
3) the cooled tail gas of secondary continues cooling in hot tube heat exchanger 12, make the cooled exhaust temperature of secondary drop to 110 ℃~150 ℃ ultra-fine boron oxide powders that enter sack cleaner 18 separating residuals, and being collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket 17, all the other tail gas enter induced draft fan 19;
4) tail gas of discharging from induced draft fan 19 exhaust duct outlets is continued to be cooled to 60 ℃~90 ℃, then through carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying purifying carbon oxide gas.
The invention has the advantages that, the present invention has dealt carefully with discharge in boron carbide smelting smoke, can efficient recovery boron oxide and CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas, also can reclaim the waste heat in tail gas, avoided the discharge of obnoxious flavour in prior art scheme and the shortcoming of the cooling easy blocking pipeline of gaseous oxidation boron simultaneously.The method is simple in structure, construction costs is low, stable and reliable operation, working cost are low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 device schematic diagram that reclaims boron oxide and CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas from norbide smelting exhaust of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing sign
1, gas inlet 2, the first watercooling jacket 3, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe
4, high-tension insulator 5, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 6, corona discharge electrode
7, liquid oxidatively boron collection box 8, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 9, magnet
10, high-pressure pulse direct current source 11, the second watercooling jacket 12, hot tube heat exchanger
13, cavity of resorption 14, epicoele 15, cloth bag
16, vibrator 17, boron oxide powder collection bucket 18, sack cleaner
19, induced draft fan 20, the 3rd watercooling jacket 21, the first adsorption tower
22, the second adsorption tower 23, gas holder 24, waste gas outlet
25, the hot water outlet of carbon monoxide outlet 26, hot tube heat exchanger
T1, the first flue-gas temperature are controlled point for measuring temperature T2, the second flue-gas temperature is controlled point for measuring temperature
T3, the 3rd flue-gas temperature are controlled point for measuring temperature T4, the 4th flue-gas temperature is controlled point for measuring temperature
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the device and method that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust provided by the invention, it comprises: liquid oxidatively boron gathering system, boron oxide powder gathering system, carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying.
Described liquid oxidatively boron gathering system, comprises the first watercooling jacket 2, liquid oxidatively boron collection box 7 and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8, wherein, described the first watercooling jacket 2 take inclination angle as 5 °~40 ° downward-sloping;
Described boron oxide powder gathering system, comprises the second watercooling jacket 11, hot tube heat exchanger 12, boron oxide powder collection bucket 17, sack cleaner 18 and induced draft fan 19;
Norbide smelting exhaust enters Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 from the first watercooling jacket 2 by Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe 3, liquid oxidatively boron after separation enters liquid oxidatively boron collection box 7, and remaining gas is cooling in the second watercooling jacket 11 through Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5; The cooled tail gas of secondary continues to enter after cooling the ultra-fine boron oxide powder of sack cleaner 18 separating residuals in hot tube heat exchanger 12, and be collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket 17, remaining gas enters carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying by induced draft fan 19, purifying carbon oxide gas.
Wherein, described Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 comprises Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe 3, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, high-tension insulator 4, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5, corona discharge electrode 6, magnet 9 and high-pressure pulse direct current source 10; Wherein, described high-tension insulator 4 is installed on Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5, the corona discharge electrode 6 being connected with high-tension insulator 4 is placed in Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, described corona discharge electrode 6 is connected with the high-pressure pulse direct current source 10 being placed in outside Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell straight section outside is equipped with magnet 9.
In the present embodiment, norbide smelting exhaust from electric arc furnace or carbon tube furnace enters vapor pipe through gas inlet 1 under induced draft fan 19 drives, after the first watercooling jacket 2 is cooling, in the first flue-gas temperature, control point for measuring temperature T1 place, exhaust temperature is down to 700 ℃~1000 ℃, with tangential direction, enters Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8; In tail gas after Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 effects, overwhelming majority boron oxide forms drop separation out and flows into liquid boron oxide collection box 7, the gas that carries minute quantity boron oxide is out cooling in the second watercooling jacket 11 from Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5, makes tail gas control point for measuring temperature T2 place temperature in the second flue-gas temperature and drops to 350 ℃~420 ℃; The cooling tail gas of secondary continues cooling in the hot tube heat exchanger 12 that has cavity of resorption 13 and epicoele 14, make tail gas control point for measuring temperature T3 place temperature in the 3rd flue-gas temperature and drop to 110 ℃~150 ℃ and enter the ultra-fine boron oxide powder of sack cleaner 18 separating residuals, and being collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket 17, the hot water that the water coolant in hot tube heat exchanger 12 obtains after hot tube heat exchanger heat exchange is from exporting 26 discharges; The tail gas of discharging from induced draft fan 19 exhaust duct outlets is continued cooling, make its temperature control point for measuring temperature T4 place in the 4th flue-gas temperature and be down to 60 ℃~90 ℃, then the first adsorption tower 21 in pressure-swing absorption apparatus and the second adsorption tower 22 purifying carbon oxide gases, wherein, the effect of gas holder 23 is to make adsorption tower internal pressure rise to rapidly operating pressure with the reliable and stable operation of assurance equipment while normally working.CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas after separating-purifying enters gas storage cryopreservation device through carbon monoxide outlet 25, and foreign gas is as emptying from waste gas outlet 24 in carbonic acid gas etc.
The device that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust of the present invention is to consist of parts such as flue gas delivery pipe, the first watercooling jacket 2, the second watercooling jacket 11, hot tube heat exchanger 12, the 3rd watercooling jacket 20, Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8, sack cleaner 18, carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying.Under the drive of induced draft fan 19, in the first pipeline under being then tilted to vertically upward of flue gas from electric arc furnace or carbon tube furnace, flow, wherein the piping arrangement of downward-sloping (inclination angle is 5 °~40 °) has the first watercooling jacket 2.The temperature that flue gas arrives Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe 3 is 700 ℃~1000 ℃, and the speed with 12~25m/s enters Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8 with tangential direction afterwards.In cooled flue gas, be full of liquid oxidatively boron fine drop, under the effect of Electrostatic Cyclone Separator 8, approach and be separated fully.From Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe 5 flue gas out, under the effect of the second watercooling jacket 11, flue gas is further obtained cooling, and at the second flue-gas temperature control point for measuring temperature T2, flue-gas temperature is dropped to 350 ℃~420 ℃.Then in hot tube heat exchanger 12, flue gas is further cooling, the flue-gas temperature that makes the 3rd flue-gas temperature control point for measuring temperature T3 drops to 110 ℃~150 ℃, and the hot water of collecting from hot tube heat exchanger 12 (or steam or warm air) is for using it for anything else.At this moment may be also with a small amount of atomic thin boron oxide powder in flue gas, these powders are thoroughly removed in sack cleaner 18.Obtaining boron oxide superfine powder is collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket 17.In flue gas after boron oxide is separated except CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas may also have other impurity as CO 2deng.Under the drive of induced draft fan 19, enter pressure-swing absorption apparatus (or membrane separation plant), the CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas after separating-purifying enters gas storage cryopreservation device through carbon monoxide outlet 25, and foreign gas is as emptying from waste gas outlet 24 in carbonic acid gas etc.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. from norbide smelting exhaust, reclaim a device for boron oxide and carbon monoxide, it is characterized in that, comprising: liquid oxidatively boron gathering system, boron oxide powder gathering system and carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying;
Described liquid oxidatively boron gathering system, comprises the first watercooling jacket (2), liquid oxidatively boron collection box (7) and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator (8), wherein, described the first watercooling jacket (2) take inclination angle as 5 °~40 ° downward-sloping;
Described boron oxide powder gathering system, comprises the second watercooling jacket (11), hot tube heat exchanger (12), boron oxide powder collection bucket (17), sack cleaner (18) and induced draft fan (19);
Norbide smelting exhaust is after the first watercooling jacket (2) is cooling, by Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe (3), enter Electrostatic Cyclone Separator (8), liquid oxidatively boron after separation flows into liquid boron oxide collection box (7), and the gas after rough purification is cooling in the second watercooling jacket (11) through Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe (5); The cooled tail gas of secondary continues to enter after cooling the ultra-fine boron oxide powder of sack cleaner (18) separating residual in hot tube heat exchanger (12), and be collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket (17), the gas that has removed boron oxide enters carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying by induced draft fan (19), purifying carbon oxide gas.
2. the device that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Electrostatic Cyclone Separator (8) comprises Electrostatic Cyclone Separator entrance smoke pipe (3), Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, high-tension insulator (4), Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe (5), corona discharge electrode (6), magnet (9) and high-pressure pulse direct current source (10); Wherein, described high-tension insulator (4) is installed on Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe (5), the corona discharge electrode (6) being connected with high-tension insulator (4) is placed in Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, described corona discharge electrode (6) is connected with the high-pressure pulse direct current source (10) being placed in outside Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell, and Electrostatic Cyclone Separator cylindrical shell straight section outside is equipped with magnet (9).
3. the device that reclaims boron oxide and carbon monoxide from norbide smelting exhaust according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described corona discharge electrode (6) is circular wire, long prickle shape or circle prickle shape.
4. from norbide smelting exhaust, reclaim a method for boron oxide and carbon monoxide, the method comprises the following steps:
1) make norbide smelting exhaust enter vapor pipe under induced draft fan (19) drives, through take after first watercooling jacket (2) downward-sloping as 5 °~40 ° of inclination angle, temperature is down to 700 ℃~1000 ℃, enters Electrostatic Cyclone Separator (8);
2) tail gas is after Electrostatic Cyclone Separator (8) effect, part boron oxide forms drop separation out and flows into liquid boron oxide collection box (7), another part is out cooling in the second watercooling jacket (11) from Electrostatic Cyclone Separator smoke exhaust pipe (5), makes the cooled exhaust temperature of secondary drop to 350 ℃~420 ℃;
3) the cooled tail gas of secondary continues cooling in hot tube heat exchanger (12), make the cooled exhaust temperature of secondary drop to 110 ℃~150 ℃ ultra-fine boron oxide powders that enter sack cleaner (18) separating residual, and being collected in boron oxide powder collection bucket (17), all the other tail gas enter induced draft fan (19);
4) tail gas of discharging from the outlet of induced draft fan (19) exhaust duct is continued to be cooled to 60 ℃~90 ℃, then through carbon monoxide system for separating and purifying purifying carbon oxide gas.
CN201110378025.1A 2011-11-24 2011-11-24 Device and method for recovering boron oxide and carbon monoxide from boron carbide smelting tail gas Expired - Fee Related CN103130234B (en)

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CN106829965A (en) * 2017-04-12 2017-06-13 郑州嵩山硼业科技有限公司 A kind of cleaner smelted for boron carbide
CN109269313A (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-01-25 滨州戴森车轮科技有限公司 A kind of recycling combination energy heats water circulation recycling system and method
CN109701382B (en) * 2019-02-28 2022-05-17 兖矿集团有限公司 Superfine powder dispersing and spraying system and processing method and application thereof
CN110937605B (en) * 2019-12-18 2023-03-28 赛福纳米科技(徐州)有限公司 Boron carbide purification method
CN111994910A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-27 郑州嵩山硼业科技有限公司 Nanometer boron carbide powder production system for manufacturing shrapnel prevention piece
CN112058023A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-11 郑州嵩山硼业科技有限公司 Tail gas treatment system for producing nano boron carbide powder
CN114061323A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-02-18 郑州嵩山硼业科技有限公司 Boron carbide smelting furnace flue gas treatment system

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CN2897469Y (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-05-09 润鸣新素材(通辽)有限公司 Boron carbide smelting smoke treater
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