CN109696724B - Gradual change type photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber - Google Patents
Gradual change type photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109696724B CN109696724B CN201910030981.7A CN201910030981A CN109696724B CN 109696724 B CN109696724 B CN 109696724B CN 201910030981 A CN201910030981 A CN 201910030981A CN 109696724 B CN109696724 B CN 109696724B
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- fiber
- photonic crystal
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- crystal polarization
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/024—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
Abstract
The application relates to a photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber, comprising: a base material, a core located at a central position of the base material, and a cladding located on the base material and surrounding the core; the fiber cores are of a multi-core structure, the diameters of 4-7 fiber cores are sequentially increased along with anticlockwise or clockwise direction, the fiber cores are arranged in a regular polygon, and the center of each fiber core is located at the vertex of the polygon; the cladding is arranged in a plurality of circular holes which are arranged in a polygonal shape and are arranged in a hexagonal shape of the base material. The photonic crystal polarization-maintaining optical fiber is internally provided with a multi-core structure, the diameters of 4-7 fiber cores are sequentially increased along with anticlockwise or clockwise direction, the circular symmetry of the optical fiber is broken, the polarization-maintaining performance is realized through the 4-7 fiber cores, the optical fiber is introduced into a plurality of fiber cores with different sizes, more optical signals can be transmitted than the single-core optical fiber, and the transmission capacity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of photonic crystal polarization maintaining optical fibers, and particularly relates to a gradual change type photonic crystal polarization maintaining optical fiber.
Background
The photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber is also called a holey fiber or a microstructured fiber, and can be classified into a total internal reflection type photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber and a bandgap type photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber according to the light guiding principle. Due to the flexibility of design, the transmission characteristics of the optical fiber can be changed by adjusting the structure and parameters, so that the performance of the optical fiber is greatly improved, and the defects of the traditional optical fiber technology are well overcome. With the development of the preparation technology, great progress is made in various fields of optical fiber communication, sensing, couplers and the like.
The ideal optical fiber has good circular symmetry, can transmit two mutually perpendicular polarization modes, and can be degenerated. In practice, the original symmetry of the photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber structure is destroyed, and four methods are generally adopted: 1. applying stress to the optical fiber; 2. the shape and the size of some air holes are changed, and the air holes such as ellipses, diamonds and the like can be introduced; 3. reducing or increasing some of the air holes; 4. the hole spacing of the air holes in the two polarization directions is changed, such as introducing rectangular lattice arrangement and the like. Through reasonable structural design, polarization-preserving characteristics can be realized, and the effect of single polarization light guide can also be realized. Even if the optical fiber is deformed or bent, the polarization state of the light beam can be well transmitted.
With the improvement of the requirements of people on the transmission capacity of the optical fiber, researchers turn the eyes to the multi-core photonic crystal polarization-maintaining optical fiber, compared with a single-core optical fiber, the multi-core optical fiber has larger mode field area, and when the wavelength is 1200-1600nm, the mode field area range in the x polarization direction is 150-300 mu m 2 Can be used for preparingThe laser is used as a high-power laser, can effectively reduce the nonlinear effect of the optical fiber, and is widely applied to the fields of optical switches, wavelength division multiplexers and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: in order to solve the defects in the prior art, the gradual change type photonic crystal polarization maintaining optical fiber with the multi-core structure is provided.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber, comprising:
a base material, a core located at a central position of the base material, and a cladding located on the base material and surrounding the core;
the fiber cores are of a multi-core structure, the diameters of 4-7 fiber cores are sequentially increased along with anticlockwise or clockwise direction, the fiber cores are arranged in a regular polygon, and the center of each fiber core is located at the vertex of the polygon;
the cladding is arranged in a plurality of circular holes which are arranged in a polygonal shape and are arranged in a hexagonal shape of the base material.
Preferably, the graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber of the present invention has 6 cores; the 6 cores have diameters in an arithmetic array with a tolerance of 0.18-0.3 μm.
Preferably, the graded-photonic crystal polarization-maintaining fiber of the present invention has a tolerance of 0.3 μm.
Preferably, the graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber of the present invention, the cladding layer has a double layer structure, wherein the first layer has 6 circular holes, each circular hole is located at the vertex of a hexagon, the second layer has 12 circular holes, and each side of the hexagon has 3 circular holes.
Preferably, the graded-type photonic crystal polarization-maintaining fiber of the present invention has an effective refractive index of 1.455-1.47 of the base material.
Preferably, the graded-type photonic crystal polarization-maintaining fiber of the present invention has an effective refractive index of 1.4622 as the base material.
Preferably, the graded-type photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber of the present invention has an effective refractive index of the core in the range of 1.4 to 1.46.
Preferably, the graded-photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber of the present invention has an effective refractive index of the core in the range of 1.4568.
Preferably, in the graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber of the present invention, each circular hole in the cladding has a diameter d, the distance between two adjacent circular holes is Λ, and the value of d/Λ is 0.9-0.98.
Preferably, the graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining optical fiber is a single-mode transmission optical fiber.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The photonic crystal polarization-maintaining optical fiber is internally provided with the multi-core structure, the fiber cores are of the multi-core structure, the diameters of 4-7 fiber cores are sequentially increased along with anticlockwise or clockwise, the circular symmetry of the optical fiber is broken, the polarization-maintaining performance is realized through the 4-7 fiber cores, the optical fiber is introduced into a plurality of fiber cores with different sizes, more optical signals can be transmitted than the single-core optical fiber, and the transmission capacity is improved.
(2) The graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber has the advantages that when the number of fiber cores is 6, the diameters of the 6 fiber cores are in an arithmetic progression, and when the tolerance is 0.18-0.3 mu m, the fiber cores also have the advantage of large mode field area, and can be widely applied to communication wave bands.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a graded photonic crystal polarization-maintaining fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of birefringence versus wavelength for tolerances of 0.3 μm, 0.25 μm and 0.18 μm;
FIG. 3 is a plot of mode field area versus wavelength for the x-polarization and y-polarization directions with a tolerance of 0.3 μm.
The two broken line regular hexagons in fig. 1 are not structures of graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fibers, but are provided to illustrate the arrangement of circular holes or multi-core structures.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
a base material 1, a cladding 2, and a core 3.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with embodiments.
Examples
The embodiment provides a graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber, the cross section of which is shown in fig. 1, and the graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber comprises:
a base material 1 having a circular cross section with a high refractive index, a core 3 positioned at the center of the base material 1, and a cladding 2 positioned on the base material 1 and surrounding the core 3;
the fiber cores 3 are of a multi-core structure, the diameters of the fiber cores 3 are sequentially increased along with anticlockwise or clockwise direction, the fiber cores 3 are arranged in a regular polygon, the circle center of each fiber core 3 is located at the vertex of the polygon, the number of the fiber cores 3 can be 4, 5, 6 or 7, and the effect of the 6 fiber cores is best;
the diameters of the 6 fiber cores 3 are in an arithmetic progression with the tolerance of 0.18-0.3 μm, as shown in FIG. 2, and the tolerances of 0.3 μm, 0.25 μm and 0.18 μm are shown in FIG. 2; at 0.3 μm, the value of the birefringence is at most more than 4.2X10 -5 The polarization maintaining effect is best.
The cladding layer 2 is arranged in a plurality of circular holes which are arranged in a polygonal shape of the base material 1 and is provided with a two-layer structure, the circular holes are arranged in a hexagonal shape, the first layer is provided with 6 circular holes, each circular hole is arranged at the vertex of the hexagon, the second layer is provided with 12 circular holes, each side of the hexagon is provided with 3 circular holes, and the 2 layers of cladding layers 2 can reduce the loss of the optical fiber and ensure that the preparation process is not too complex; the cladding is a regular hexagon formed by round holes with the same size, and the regular hexagon is a more common structure when the transmission performance of the photonic crystal polarization maintaining optical fiber is researched, so that the symmetry of circles is met;
the diameter of each circular hole in the cladding 2 is d, the distance between two adjacent circular holes is Λ, the value of d/Λ is 0.9-0.98, the duty ratio of the cladding is close to 1, the light guiding principle of total reflection of the optical fiber is met, the energy leaked to the cladding is reduced, and the loss is reduced;
the substrate material 1 is silicon dioxide doped with germanium or other elements, and has an effective refractive index of 1.455-1.47 and a preferable value of 1.4622;
the fiber core 3 is silicon dioxide doped with fluorine or other elements, and the effective refractive index is in the range of 1.4-1.46, preferably 1.4568;
the graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber has 6 fiber cores 3, the effective refractive index of the substrate material 1 is 1.4622, when the effective refractive index of the fiber cores 3 is 1.4568, the experimental effect is shown in figures 2 and 3,FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of birefringence with wavelength of light having a wavelength of 1200-1600nm, from which it can be seen that the birefringence can reach 10 -5 A level.
FIG. 3 is a plot of mode field area versus wavelength for x-and y-polarization directions, the effective mode field area in the y-polarization direction being smaller than that in the x-direction, wherein at a wavelength of 1550nm, the maximum value of the effective mode field area in the x-polarization direction is seen to exceed 272 μm by the plot 2 。
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present application as a teaching, the related workers can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (7)
1. A graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber, comprising:
a base material (1), a fiber core (3) positioned at the center of the base material (1), and a cladding (2) positioned on the base material (1) and surrounding the fiber core (3);
the fiber cores (3) are of a multi-core structure, the diameters of 4-7 fiber cores (3) are sequentially increased along with anticlockwise or clockwise direction, the fiber cores (3) are arranged in a regular polygon, and the center of each fiber core (3) is located at the vertex of the polygon;
the cladding (2) is arranged in a plurality of circular holes which are arranged in a polygonal shape and are arranged in a hexagonal shape of the base material (1);
the number of the fiber cores (3) is 6; the diameters of the 6 fiber cores (3) are in an arithmetic array, and the tolerance is 0.18-0.3 mu m;
the tolerance is 0.3 μm;
the cladding (2) is of a double-layer structure, wherein the first layer is of 6 circular holes, each circular hole is formed in the vertex of a hexagon, the second layer is of 12, and each side of the hexagon is provided with 3 circular holes.
2. Graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the effective refractive index of the base material (1) is 1.455-1.47.
3. Graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that the effective refractive index of the base material (1) is 1.4622.
4. Graded-photonic crystal polarization-maintaining fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the effective refractive index of the core (3) is in the range of 1.4-1.46.
5. The graded-photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber according to claim 4, wherein the effective refractive index range of the core (3) is 1.4568.
6. The graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein each circular hole in the cladding (2) has a diameter d, the distance between two adjacent circular holes is Λ, and the value of d/Λ is 0.9 to 0.98.
7. The graded photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fiber is a single mode transmission fiber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2018111002329 | 2018-09-20 | ||
| CN201811100232 | 2018-09-20 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109696724A CN109696724A (en) | 2019-04-30 |
| CN109696724B true CN109696724B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN201910030981.7A Active CN109696724B (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-14 | Gradual change type photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber |
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| CN (1) | CN109696724B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020056821A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110261956B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-02-26 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Array type polarization-maintaining multi-core optical fiber |
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| CN109696724A (en) | 2019-04-30 |
| WO2020056821A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
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