CN109696116A - Inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system and fracture width, location determining method - Google Patents
Inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system and fracture width, location determining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109696116A CN109696116A CN201910057644.7A CN201910057644A CN109696116A CN 109696116 A CN109696116 A CN 109696116A CN 201910057644 A CN201910057644 A CN 201910057644A CN 109696116 A CN109696116 A CN 109696116A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/60—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrostatic variables, e.g. electrographic flaw testing
- G01N27/61—Investigating the presence of flaws
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Abstract
The invention discloses inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system and fracture width, location determining method, which includes multiple asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregates, signal generator, charge amplifier and oscillograph；Wherein, asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate is embedded in asphalt surface course bottom, the adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate of every two is electrically connected with signal generator and charge amplifier respectively, and oscillograph is connect with charge amplifier, can be with transmitting signal wave between every two adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate.The fracture width inside road surface is determined using the variation that road surface loads front and back output signal amplitude, and the specific location in crack is determined based on the system.Method of the invention can reduce pavement monitoring cost, reliably, easy to be quick, be suitble to large-scale promotion application；And the flaw size and positional accuracy obtained is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bituminous pavement health monitoring technique fields, and in particular to inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system and
Its fracture width, location determining method.
Background technique
Bituminous pavement is important one of traffic infrastructure.Under the coupling of environment and load, asphalt road kept man of a noblewoman
It first will appear the damage of the concealments such as microcrack, and gradually development is macroscopical disease such as cracking, and then influences the service performance on road surface
With service life.By the width of Number of Fractures and crack on quantitative monitoring road, can be arranged to formulate targetedly to administer
The foundation for applying the science of offer, prevents slight damage from further developing.Therefore, the concealment damage of bituminous pavement is effectively monitored in time
Wound takes maintenance measure to maintain Pavement Condition particularly important science.
The monitoring method of existing pavement structure damage mainly uses external evaluation technology and live sensing technology.External evaluation
Technology for the detection such as road surface stress, damage and function of surface, including flexure, sound emission, detect a mine reach, ultrasound, infrared thermal imagery
With image technique etc..However, external evaluation technology lacks spontaneous and has hysteresis quality, detection process needs mating a large amount of people
Power, equipment etc., and it is unable to monitor road surface micro-damage and development process.
The appearance of intellectual material provides one effectively for the health monitoring and damage diagnosis of the engineering structures such as bituminous pavement
Approach.In numerous intellectual materials, piezoelectric ceramics (referred to as PZT) has sensing and drives integrated advantageous characteristic,
New thought is provided for bituminous pavement health monitoring and damage diagnosis.Therefore, the present invention is based on the thinkings to propose one kind newly
Road surface internal fissure determine method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system and its crack are wide
Degree, location determining method solve existing monitoring method and lack independence and hysteresis quality and be unable to monitor micro-damage inside road surface
The problem of.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is realised by adopting the following technical scheme:
The invention discloses asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregates, including asphaltic base piezoelectric material and conductive material；Wherein, pitch
Base piezoelectric material includes the raw material of following mass fraction: 50~60 parts of ceramics, 25~35 parts of epoxy resin and 15~25 parts
Pitch, gross mass number are 100 parts.
Specifically, the intelligent aggregate further includes waterproof layer, encapsulated layer and the conducting wire for being used for transmission signal；Wherein, asphaltic base
Piezoelectric material and conductive material bonding are mixed to form core, and waterproof layer is coated in the outside of the core, and encapsulated layer is arranged outermost
Layer；Conducting wire one end is connect with the core, and the other end passes through waterproof layer and encapsulated layer extends in outside.
Specifically, in encapsulated layer include following mass fraction raw material: 15~35 parts of pitches, 30~40 parts of epoxy resin,
10~20 parts of curing agent and 15~25 parts of silica flours, gross mass number are 100 parts.
Specifically, the waterproof layer material is silica gel or polyurethane natural gum.
Invention additionally discloses inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system, which includes any one of multiple Claims 1-4
Asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate, signal generator, charge amplifier and the oscillograph；Wherein, asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent bone
Material is embedded in asphalt surface course bottom, the adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate of every two respectively with signal generator and charge amplifier
Electrical connection, oscillograph are connect with charge amplifier, can be with transmitting signal between every two adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate
Wave.
Invention additionally discloses inside asphalt pavement fracture widths to determine method, is provided with claim on road to be monitored
The fracture width of monitoring system described in 5, the road determined by formula (1),
In formula, wiIt indicates on road to be monitored between i-th of intelligent aggregate and intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto inside road surface
Fracture width, unit mm, i=1,2 ..., m, m are the number of the intelligent aggregate on road to be monitored；
Before indicating road surface without load, when emitting t-th of signal to i-th of intelligent aggregate, intelligent bone adjacent thereto
The output signal amplitude of material, mV；Expression road surface is after load, when emitting t-th of signal to i-th of intelligent aggregate, therewith
The output signal amplitude of adjacent intelligent aggregate, mV；T=1,2 ..., n, n indicate the number of the signal of transmitting.
Specifically, this method specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: intelligent aggregate is equidistantly uniformly embedded in bituminous pavement bottom, between two adjacent aggregates between be divided into 1~
1.5m, and the conducting wire of intelligent aggregate is extended to the outside of runway or road shoulder, it is respectively used to and signal generator and charge
Amplifier connection；
Step 2: before road surface is without load, i-th of intelligent aggregate is connected with signal generator, adjacent thereto i-th+
1 intelligent aggregate is connected with charge amplifier, successively emits n different amplitude to i-th of intelligent aggregate by signal generator
Signal, obtain i+1 intelligent aggregate output signal amplitude, respectively
Step 3: on road surface after repeated loading, i-th of intelligent aggregate is connected with signal generator, it is adjacent thereto
I+1 intelligent aggregate is connected with charge amplifier, successively emits n difference to i-th of intelligent aggregate by signal generator
The signal of amplitude obtains the output signal amplitude of i+1 intelligent aggregate, respectively
Step 4: calculating the fracture width w between two adjacent intelligent aggregates using formula (1)i。
The invention also discloses inside asphalt pavement crack locations to determine method, and institute of the present invention is provided on road surface to be monitored
The monitoring system stated, the determination method specifically:
After judging that crack occurs in road surface, road pavement applies load, make first load be located at i-th intelligent aggregate just on
Side, then makes load along direction of traffic at the uniform velocity to move by starting point of the position, obtains the voltage that i-th of intelligent aggregate generates
Vi, draw ViWith the change curve of load moving distance S, curve occurs being crack location at mutation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate is embedded in inside asphalt pavement by the present invention, integrated using its sensing and driving
Performance transmitting and reception signal, the hidden crack of bituminous pavement is diagnosed using the situation of change of input signal and output signal,
Pavement monitoring cost can be reduced；Method of the invention is reliable, easy to be quick, is suitble to large-scale promotion application；And obtain
Flaw size and positional accuracy are high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is inside asphalt pavement crack monitoring schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is pitch intelligent aggregate schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is Bituminous Pavement core boring sampling figure.
Fig. 4 is the output signal that crack is tested in embodiment.
The crack Fig. 5 positions schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the change curve on complete road surface and damage road surface advance distance and signal amplitude.
The present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment
Piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) is embedded in inside asphalt pavement by the present invention in a manner of " intelligent aggregate ", inside PZT just
Center of negative charge occurs relative displacement and contrary sign polarization charge occurs, and then generates potential difference (voltage).Meanwhile pavement structure damages
It can cause the change of pavement strain and voltage signal, therefore be advised by parsing strain or voltage signal with the variation of traffic loading
Rule can be achieved with monitoring and the intelligent diagnostics of pavement structure damage according to this principle.
The invention discloses a kind of asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate of bituminous pavement, which includes asphaltic base pressure
Electric material and conductive material；Wherein, asphaltic base piezoelectric material includes the raw material of following mass fraction: 50~60 parts of ceramics,
25~35 parts of epoxy resin and 15~25 parts of pitches, gross mass number are 100 parts.Preferably, ceramic is 55 parts, asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
30 parts of rouge, 15 parts of pitch.The hot pressing condition of asphaltic base piezoelectric material preparation is as follows: 120~140 DEG C of temperature, pressure 13~
15MPa, 1.5~2min of time；Polarization condition are as follows: polarized electric field 2~3kV/mm of intensity, 110~130 DEG C of poling temperature, polarization
15~17min of time.
The electric conductivity of the metal materials such as the optional copper of conductive material, iron or aluminium, experiment discovery iron plate is poor, and aluminium sheet is to signal
Interference it is larger, therefore the preferred copper product of the present invention.
Asphaltic base piezoelectric material and conductive material form the core of intelligent aggregate, and external environment is to the core in order to prevent
It influences, is generally enclosed with waterproof layer and encapsulated layer in the outside of the core, for protecting internal piezoelectric material and conductive material, has
Effect prevents damage of the pavement loading to intelligent aggregate.Wherein, waterproof layer material is silica gel or polyurethane natural gum, preferably silica gel waterproof
Layer.It include the raw material of following mass fraction in encapsulated layer: 15~35 parts of pitches, 30~40 parts of epoxy resin, 10~20 parts of solidifications
Agent and 15~25 parts of silica flours, gross mass number are 100 parts；Preferably, 30 parts of pitch, 35 parts of epoxy resin, 15 parts of curing agent,
20 parts of quartz.
It is connect for convenience with monitoring devices such as signal projectors, connects upper conducting wire, conducting wire one end in advance on the core
It is connect with the core, the other end passes through waterproof layer and encapsulated layer extends in outside.
Performance based on intelligent aggregate, the invention discloses a kind of inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system, in the system
Including multiple asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate, signal generator, charge amplifier and oscillographs disclosed by the invention, wherein drip
Green base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate is equidistantly uniformly embedded in asphalt surface course bottom, the adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate difference of every two
It is electrically connected with signal generator and charge amplifier, oscillograph is connect with charge amplifier, every two adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectricity
It can be with transmitting signal wave, as shown in Figure 1 between intelligent aggregate.
Generally, it is 5~15mm, is highly the cylinder of 2~5mm as shown in Fig. 2, asphaltic base piezoelectric material is pressed into diameter
Body.Conductive material is preferably copper sheet, copper sheet is bonded on the cylindrical surface of asphaltic base piezoelectric material, copper sheet having a size of diameter 5~
15mm, 1~3mm of thickness.
Based on above-mentioned monitoring system, the inside asphalt pavement fracture width that additionally provides of the invention determines method, to be monitored
Monitoring system of the invention is provided on road, it is specific determine method the following steps are included:
Step 1: by intelligent aggregate, equidistantly uniform shape is embedded in bituminous pavement bottom, between two adjacent aggregates between be divided into 1
~1.5m, and the conducting wire of intelligent aggregate is extended to the outside of runway or road shoulder, it is respectively used to and signal generator and electricity
The connection of lotus amplifier；
Step 2: before road surface is not without load (being open to traffic), i-th of intelligent aggregate being connected with signal generator, therewith phase
Adjacent i+1 intelligent aggregate is connected with charge amplifier, successively emits n to i-th of intelligent aggregate by signal generator
The signal of different amplitudes obtains the output signal amplitude of i+1 intelligent aggregate, respectively
Step 3: on road surface after repeated loading (certain traffic number), by i-th of intelligent aggregate and signal generator
It is connected, i+1 intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto is connected with charge amplifier, by signal generator to i-th of intelligent aggregate
The signal for successively emitting n different amplitudes, obtains the output signal amplitude of i+1 intelligent aggregate, respectively
Step 4: calculating the fracture width w between two adjacent intelligent aggregates using formula (1)i,
In formula, wiIndicate on road to be monitored road between i-th of intelligent aggregate and i+1 intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto
Fracture width inside face, unit mm, i=1,2 ..., m, m are the number of the intelligent aggregate on road to be monitored；
Before indicating road surface without load, when emitting t-th of signal to i-th of intelligent aggregate, i+1 intelligent aggregate
Output signal amplitude, mV；Road surface is indicated after load, when emitting t-th of signal to i-th of intelligent aggregate, i+1
The output signal amplitude of a intelligent aggregate, mV；T=1,2 ..., n, n indicate the number of the signal of transmitting.
If existing simultaneously two and the above crack between two adjacent intelligent aggregates, what formula (1) calculated is exactly
The width of two cracks and, be 1~1.5m or so, therefore the crack is wide since the distance between adjacent intelligent aggregate is smaller
Angle value can characterize road conditions.
The invention also discloses inside asphalt pavement crack locations to determine method, the determination method specifically:
Above-mentioned monitoring system is provided on road surface to be monitored first；
After judging that crack occurs in road surface, road pavement applies load, generally carrys out road pavement using the trolley of specific load-carrying
Apply load；So that load is located at the surface of i-th of intelligent aggregate first, then makes load along driving using the position as starting point
Direction obtains the voltage V that i-th of intelligent aggregate generates at the uniform velocity to movei, draw ViWith the change curve of load moving distance S,
Curve occurs being crack location at mutation.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below, it should be noted that the invention is not limited to following specific embodiments
In, all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is respectively 60 parts, 25 parts, 15 parts according to mass fraction for ceramic, polyethylene and cement to mix, passes through hot pressing
The cylindrical body of diameter 10mm, thickness 2mm are formed, which is pitch piezoelectric material.Wherein, hot pressing condition is as follows: temperature
130 DEG C, pressure 14MPa, time 2min；Then the asphaltic base piezoelectric material is polarised, polarization condition are as follows: polarization electricity
Field intensity 2.5kV/mm, 120 DEG C of poling temperature, polarization time 15min；The cement base piezoelectric material and diameter 15mm, thickness 3mm
Copper sheet be bonded as one by conducting resinl, outside smear silica gel waterproof layer.
20 parts of cement, 40 parts of epoxy resin, 20 parts are gathered materials and form encapsulation liquid with 20 parts of miberal powder mixs.Outside waterproof layer
It smears encapsulation liquid and is encapsulated the piezoelectric intelligent aggregate for being cured as diameter 20mm, thickness 10mm.
Embodiment 2
Piezoelectric intelligent aggregate prepared by embodiment 1 is uniformly embedded in asphalt surface course bottom with 1~1.5 meter of interval, it will
The conducting wire of intelligent aggregate extends to the outside of runway or road shoulder, as shown in Figure 1.The adjacent electric intelligent aggregate of every two respectively with
Signal generator and charge amplifier electrical connection, oscillograph are connect with charge amplifier, form the monitoring system of road surface internal fissure
System.
Embodiment 3
(1) signal measurement when not being open to traffic
When not being open to traffic, the sine wave signal of different amplitudes is emitted asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate using signal generator,
Intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto is connected with charge amplifier, transmission signal to oscillograph, the amplitude of test output signal, as a result such as
Shown in table 1.
Table 1: output signal amplitude when not being open to traffic
(2) be open to traffic 1 year signal measurement
After being open to traffic 1 year (annual average daily traffic is 4000/day), using signal generator to asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent bone
Material emits the sine wave signal (consistent with when not being open to traffic) of different amplitudes, intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto and charge amplifier phase
Even, signal is transmitted to oscillograph, and the amplitude of test output signal, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: be open to traffic 1 year output signal amplitude
Road surface internal fissure width w=1.58mm is calculated using formula (2).Live drill core, test obtain internal fissure width
For 1.51mm.Compared with calculated result, absolute error 0.07mm, relative error 4.8%.
And crack location through the invention determines that method determines the position in the crack, and the trolley of specific load-carrying is retreated to
It right above intelligent aggregate i, is at the uniform velocity moved on road along direction of traffic with certain speed, as shown in figure 5, recording intelligent bone in real time
Expect signal amplitude, it is at crack with complete road surface output signal curve turning point that signal amplitude, which mutates, at crack.
(3) be open to traffic 1.5 years signal measurements
After being open to traffic 1.5 years (annual average daily traffic is 4000/day), using signal generator to asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent
Aggregate emits the sine wave signal of different amplitudes, and intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto is connected with charge amplifier, and transmission signal is to showing
Wave device, the amplitude of test output signal, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: be open to traffic 1.5 years output signal amplitudes
It is calculated using formula (1), the fracture width w=3.51mm inside the road surface at this.Live drill core, test obtain inside
Fracture width is 3.64mm.Compared with calculated result, absolute error is -0.13mm, relative error 3.6%.
(4) be open to traffic 2 years signal measurements
After being open to traffic 2 years (annual average daily traffic is 4000/day), using signal generator to asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent bone
Material emits the sine wave signal of different amplitudes, and intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto is connected with charge amplifier, transmission signal to oscillography
Device, the amplitude of test output signal, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: be open to traffic 2 years output signal amplitudes
The road surface internal fissure width w=4.48mm at this is calculated using formula (1).Live drill core, test obtain inside and split
Slit width degree is 4.66mm.Compared with calculated result, absolute error is -0.18mm, relative error 3.8%.
General relative error magnitudes illustrate that the index has preferable Stability and veracity within 10%, illustrate the method
There is confidence level calculating flaw size, relative error is smaller more accurate.It can be seen that the method for the present invention from above-mentioned error result
Relative error magnitudes are within 5%, and the relative error of current crack detection method illustrates side of the invention within 10%
Method measures fracture width accuracy with higher.
Claims (8)
1. asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate, which is characterized in that including asphaltic base piezoelectric material and conductive material；Wherein, asphaltic base
Piezoelectric material includes the raw material of following mass fraction: 50~60 parts of ceramics, 25~35 parts of epoxy resin and 15~25 parts of drips
Blueness, gross mass number are 100 parts.
2. asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the intelligent aggregate further include waterproof layer,
Encapsulated layer and the conducting wire for being used for transmission signal；Wherein, asphaltic base piezoelectric material and conductive material bonding are mixed to form core, waterproof
Layer is coated in the outside of the core, and encapsulated layer is arranged in outermost layer；Conducting wire one end is connect with the core, and the other end passes through waterproof layer
Outside is extended in encapsulated layer.
3. asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that include following mass fraction in encapsulated layer
Raw material: 15~35 parts of pitches, 30~40 parts of epoxy resin, 10~20 parts of curing agent and 15~25 parts of silica flours, gross mass part
Number is 100 parts.
4. asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the waterproof layer material be silica gel or
Polyurethane natural gum.
5. inside asphalt pavement Crack Monitoring system, which is characterized in that the system includes that Claims 1-4 is described in any item
Asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate, signal generator, charge amplifier and oscillograph；Wherein, asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate is embedded
In asphalt surface course bottom, the adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate of every two is electrically connected with signal generator and charge amplifier respectively
It connects, oscillograph is connect with charge amplifier, can be with transmitting signal wave between every two adjacent asphaltic base piezoelectric intelligent aggregate.
6. inside asphalt pavement fracture width determines method, which is characterized in that be provided with claim 5 institute on road to be monitored
The fracture width of the monitoring system stated, the road determined by formula (1),
In formula, wiIndicate the crack on road to be monitored between i-th of intelligent aggregate and intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto inside road surface
Width, unit mm, i=1,2 ..., m, m are the number of the intelligent aggregate on road to be monitored；
Before indicating road surface without load, when emitting t-th of signal to i-th of intelligent aggregate, intelligent aggregate adjacent thereto
Output signal amplitude, mV；Expression road surface is adjacent thereto when emitting t-th of signal to i-th of intelligent aggregate after load
Intelligent aggregate output signal amplitude, mV；T=1,2 ..., n, n indicate the number of the signal of transmitting.
7. inside asphalt pavement fracture width as claimed in claim 6 determines method, which is characterized in that specifically include following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: intelligent aggregate is equidistantly uniformly embedded in bituminous pavement bottom, between two adjacent aggregates between be divided into 1~1.5m,
And the conducting wire of intelligent aggregate is extended to the outside of runway or road shoulder, it is respectively used to and signal generator and charge amplifier
Connection；
Step 2: before road surface is without load, i-th of intelligent aggregate is connected with signal generator, i+1 adjacent thereto
Intelligent aggregate is connected with charge amplifier, successively emits the letter of n different amplitudes to i-th of intelligent aggregate by signal generator
Number, the output signal amplitude of i+1 intelligent aggregate is obtained, respectively
Step 3: on road surface after repeated loading, i-th of intelligent aggregate is connected with signal generator, adjacent thereto i-th+
1 intelligent aggregate is connected with charge amplifier, successively emits n different amplitude to i-th of intelligent aggregate by signal generator
Signal, obtain i+1 intelligent aggregate output signal amplitude, respectively
Step 4: calculating the fracture width w between two adjacent intelligent aggregates using formula (1)i。
8. inside asphalt pavement crack location determines method, which is characterized in that be provided with described in claim 5 on road surface to be monitored
Monitoring system, the determination method specifically:
After judging that crack occurs in road surface, road pavement applies load, and load is made to be located at the surface of i-th of intelligent aggregate first,
Then make load along direction of traffic at the uniform velocity to move by starting point of the position, obtain the voltage V that i-th of intelligent aggregate generatesi,
Draw ViWith the change curve of load moving distance S, curve occurs being crack location at mutation.
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| CN110656560A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-07 | 长安大学 | Intelligent aggregate for monitoring motion state of aggregate in real time and application method thereof |
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| CN109696116B (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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