CN109695439B - Intelligent foam discharging, extracting and injecting management system - Google Patents

Intelligent foam discharging, extracting and injecting management system Download PDF

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CN109695439B
CN109695439B CN201811529375.1A CN201811529375A CN109695439B CN 109695439 B CN109695439 B CN 109695439B CN 201811529375 A CN201811529375 A CN 201811529375A CN 109695439 B CN109695439 B CN 109695439B
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signal
water content
gas well
gas
foam
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CN109695439A (en
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魏伟
陈子玮
韦元亮
陈章文
张庆
刘德华
黄杰
何睿
刘波
周仁
彭均
李晓旭
陈艺才
江阳
张瑜
陈富红
陈依
龙颜
赵俊超
赵勇
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Chongqing Gasfield Petrochina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Co
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Chongqing Gasfield Petrochina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Co
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/04Measuring depth or liquid level
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06Measuring temperature or pressure
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B11/00Automatic controllers
    • G05B11/01Automatic controllers electric
    • G05B11/36Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
    • G05B11/42Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.

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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent foam drainage production and injection management system which comprises a foam drainage agent adding machine, a gas well water content detector, a water content controller and a gas production controller, wherein the foam drainage agent adding machine is connected with the gas well water content detector; the water content controller outputs a control signal a after acquiring a preset water content signal x1 of the gas well; the gas production controller outputs a control signal b after acquiring a gas production speed signal; the first difference signal obtained by the difference between the control signal a and the control signal b controls the addition amount of the foam discharging agent; changing water content information by a foam discharging agent adding signal output by a foam discharging agent adding machine, wherein the water content information is used as a water content output signal of a gas well mechanism; and sending a control signal a of the water content controller to a model controller, and sending an obtained second difference signal to the water content controller after the difference is made between the model predicted water content output signal and the water content output signal of the model controller and the difference is made between the obtained second difference signal and a preset water content signal x1 of the gas well. Has the advantages that: closed-loop control, multi-parameter control, good control effect and good robustness.

Description

Intelligent foam discharging, extracting and injecting management system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas well foam drainage control, in particular to an intelligent foam drainage production and injection management system.
Background
In the southwest area, the natural gas source is rich, and in the prior art, after gas production and well digging, water overflows on the well wall to block air holes, so that the natural gas cannot enter a gas well and cannot be produced. People need to drain water from gas wells for a long time to ensure normal gas production.
However, what the water content in a gas well is has an effect on the gas well. If the water is too much, the water can cause air hole blockage, and the gas around the gas well can not enter the gas well, so that the gas can not be produced. And when the water is repeatedly and quickly drained under the condition of more water, the water can flow to the gas well, the water can drive fine silt to flow together, air holes in a supporting pipeline at the edge of the gas well are easily blocked, the gas circuit is easily blocked, and natural gas cannot enter the gas well. If the water content is low, soil at the edge of the gas well is easy to sand under the driving of airflow and accumulates at the bottom of the gas well, so that the sediment at the bottom of the gas well is accumulated and blocks the gas hole in the long term, the sediment cleaning frequency needs to be improved, and normal gas production is influenced.
In the prior art, when the water content in a gas well is controlled, no accurate control system is available for overcoming the problems, and the automatic gas production requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an intelligent foam drainage production and injection management system which is used for controlling and adjusting the water content in a gas well in real time and intelligently controlling the water content in the gas well by combining the gas production speed and controlling the additive amount of a foam drainage agent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the utility model provides an intelligent foam row production and injection management system, includes gas well mechanism, is provided with foam in this gas well mechanism and arranges agent interpolation machine, gas well water content detector, its characterized in that: a water content controller and a gas collecting controller are also arranged; the input end of the water content controller acquires a preset water content signal x1 of the gas well and outputs a control signal a; the input end of the gas production controller acquires a gas production speed signal v and outputs a control signal b; obtaining a first difference signal c1 after the control signal a is differenced with the control signal b; the first difference signal c1 controls the foam discharging agent adding machine to change the adding amount of the foam discharging agent; a foam discharging agent adding signal f output by the foam discharging agent adding machine is sent to a gas well water content detector, the gas well water content detector outputs water content information d, and the water content information d is used as a water content output signal x2 of a gas well mechanism; sending the control signal a output by the water content controller into a model controller, and obtaining a second difference signal c2 after the difference is made between the model predicted water content output signal x3 and the water content output signal x2 by the model of the model controller; and a third difference signal c3 obtained by subtracting the second difference signal c2 from the preset water content signal x1 of the gas well is sent to the water content controller.
Through the design, the adding amount of the foam discharging agent adding machine is controlled by presetting the water content value of the gas well and combining the difference value of the control signal a and the gas production control signal b of the water content controller to obtain an added foam discharging agent adding signal f, and the water content value is detected and added by combining a gas well water content detector; in the scheme, a prediction model is further designed, modeling estimation is carried out on the foam discharging agent adding process, the foam discharging agent is added in a comparison mode and is predicted to be added, the obtained difference signal is fed back to control the water content controller, multi-path control and feedback closed-loop control are achieved, and the water content value of the gas well is more accurate.
Furthermore, an earth pressure interference module is further provided, an input end of the earth pressure interference module acquires an earth pressure signal e detected by an earth pressure detector, a fourth difference signal c4 obtained by subtracting the output earth pressure interference signal e' from the water content information d is used as the water content output signal x2, and the fourth difference signal c4 is used for subtracting the model predicted water content output signal x 3.
By adopting the scheme, the influence of the formation pressure on the natural gas exhaust speed is considered. The control process is more accurate.
And a gas well depth interference module is further arranged, a gas well depth detection device is arranged at the input end of the gas well depth interference module, a depth signal h detected by the gas well depth detection device is obtained at the input end of the gas well depth interference module, a depth interference signal h 'is output, a fourth difference signal c4 is obtained after the depth interference signal h' is differed with a foam discharging agent adding signal f of the foam discharging agent adding machine, and the fourth difference signal c4 is sent to a gas well water content detector.
When the foam discharging agent is added, the wall of a well is deep, the powder can be adhered to the inner wall of the well, liquid is generally adopted, but the general depth of the gas well is different from dozens of meters to thousands of meters, and when the liquid flows downwards, part of the liquid is adhered to the wall of the well, so that certain loss is caused, and deviation exists in control. By arranging the gas well depth interference module, the error caused by the depth of the gas well is solved. And in the gas production process, the gas well depths are different at different gas production stages, so that the gas well depth real-time monitoring is necessary, and the control process is more accurate.
Still further, the model controller comprises an internal model, a time-lag model and a correction model;
the internal model is used for outputting an internal model signal m after acquiring the control signal a, the internal model signal m outputs a correction signal z after passing through a correction model, and the correction signal z is subjected to difference with the control signal a to obtain a fifth difference signal c5 and then is sent to the internal model;
and sending the internal model signal m into the time-lag model to obtain a model predicted water content output signal x 3.
When a prediction model is established, the preset water content is corrected in real time, and the control process is delayed and output to be close to actual control.
Still further, the gas well mechanism comprises a stepped well, the inner diameter of the stepped well is sequentially reduced from a well head to a well bottom, the stepped well is an n-level stepped well, and the depth of the stepped well is l.
The inner diameter of the stepped well is gradually reduced, and when the water content is predicted, the water content is predicted by combining the inner diameter and the height of the well covered by water. The accuracy is high.
Still further, the foam discharging agent adding machine comprises a foam discharging agent containing box, the foam discharging agent containing box is installed at a gas well opening of the gas well mechanism, a foam discharging agent discharging pipe is connected to the foam discharging agent containing box, and an electromagnetic valve and a foam discharging flowmeter are installed on the foam discharging agent discharging pipe.
The adding process of the foam discharging agent is controlled through the control of the electromagnetic valve, and the adding amount is monitored by combining a foam discharging flow meter.
Further, a water-gas separator is installed at the well mouth of the gas well mechanism, an input pipe of the water-gas separator is communicated with the well mouth of the gas well, a gas flow meter is installed on a gas output pipe of the water-gas separator, and a water flow meter is installed on a liquid output pipe of the water-gas separator.
By adopting the scheme, the water-gas separator is used for separating the upwards discharged water foam and the natural mixed gas, and the water quantity of the discharged water is obtained through the water flow meter.
Still further, the gas well water content detector is an ultrasonic detector and is arranged at the lower part of a gas well of the gas well mechanism. And the real-time detection of the water quantity of the gas well is realized.
Still further, the earth pressure detector is arranged at the bottom of a gas well of the gas well mechanism. And realizing real-time detection of ground pressure interference.
Still further, the gas well depth detection device is arranged at the bottom of a gas well of the gas well mechanism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: controlling the addition amount of the foam discharging agent adding machine by presetting the water content value of the gas well and combining the difference value of a control signal a and a gas production control signal b of a water content controller to obtain an added foam discharging agent addition signal f, and detecting the water content value after addition by combining a gas well water content detector; in the scheme, a prediction model is further designed, modeling estimation is carried out on the foam discharging agent adding process, the foam discharging agent is added in a comparison mode and is predicted to be added, the obtained difference signal is fed back to control the water content controller, multi-path control and feedback closed-loop control are achieved, and the water content value of the gas well is more accurate.
And the influence of a plurality of interference factors on the water content of the gas well is considered, and the internal model can be revised in real time when being established, so that the influence of the delay factor is combined.
The intelligent control of the addition amount of the foam scrubbing agent is realized, the water content of the gas well is controlled in the optimal range, and the safety of the gas well and the normal operation of gas production of the gas well are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas well facility system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the water content control signal of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the water content control signal of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram III of the water content control signal of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of the water content control signal of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of A of FIG. 1;
fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of B in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the embodiments and the operation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, as an embodiment, an intelligent foam drainage extraction and injection management system includes a gas well mechanism, in which a foam drainage agent adding machine and a gas well water content detector are disposed, and is characterized in that: a water content controller and a gas collecting controller are also arranged;
the input end of the water content controller acquires a preset water content signal x1 of the gas well and outputs a control signal a;
the input end of the gas production controller acquires a gas production speed signal v and outputs a control signal b;
obtaining a first difference signal c1 after the control signal a is differenced with the control signal b; the first difference signal c1 controls the foam discharging agent adding machine to change the adding amount of the foam discharging agent; a foam discharging agent adding signal f output by the foam discharging agent adding machine is sent to a gas well water content detector, the gas well water content detector outputs water content information d, and the water content information d is used as a water content output signal x2 of a gas well mechanism;
sending the control signal a output by the water content controller into a model controller, and obtaining a second difference signal c2 after the difference is made between the model predicted water content output signal x3 and the water content output signal x2 by the model of the model controller; and a third difference signal c3 obtained by subtracting the second difference signal c2 from the preset water content signal x1 of the gas well is sent to the water content controller.
As a further embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 3, an earth pressure interference module is further provided, an input end of the earth pressure interference module obtains an earth pressure signal e detected by an earth pressure detector, and a fourth difference signal c4 obtained by subtracting the output earth pressure interference signal e' from the water content information d is used as the water content output signal x2, and the fourth difference signal c4 is used for subtracting the model predicted water content output signal x 3.
As a still further embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 4, a gas well depth interference module is further provided, a gas well depth detection device is provided at an input end of the gas well depth interference module, a depth signal h detected by the gas well depth detection device is obtained at the input end of the gas well depth interference module, a depth interference signal h 'is output, a fourth difference signal c4 is obtained after the depth interference signal h' is differed from a foam discharging agent addition signal f of the foam discharging agent addition machine, and the fourth difference signal c4 is sent to a gas well water content detector.
As can be seen from fig. 5, as a still further embodiment, the model controller includes an internal model, a time-lag model, and a correction model; the internal model is used for outputting an internal model signal m after acquiring the control signal a, the internal model signal m outputs a correction signal z after passing through a correction model, and the correction signal z is subjected to difference with the control signal a to obtain a fifth difference signal c5 and then is sent to the internal model; and sending the internal model signal m into the time-lag model to obtain a model predicted water content output signal x 3.
As can also be seen from fig. 1, the gas well mechanism comprises a stepped well, the inner diameter of the stepped well is sequentially reduced from the well head to the well bottom, the stepped well is an n-step stepped well, and the depth of the stepped well is l.
The step well order, the inner diameter and the depth of each gas well stage are measured according to different actual field designs.
In the implementation process, the foam discharging agent adding machine shown in fig. 1 and 6 comprises a foam discharging agent accommodating box 1, the foam discharging agent accommodating box 1 is installed at a gas well opening of the gas well mechanism, a foam discharging agent discharging pipe 2 is connected to the foam discharging agent accommodating box 1, and an electromagnetic valve 3 and a foam discharging flow meter 4 are installed on the foam discharging agent discharging pipe 2.
As can also be seen from fig. 1 and 7, a water-gas separator 5 is installed at the wellhead of a gas well of the gas well mechanism, an input pipe of the water-gas separator is communicated with the wellhead of the gas well, a gas flow meter 7 is installed on a gas output pipe 6 of the water-gas separator 5, and a water flow meter 9 is installed on a liquid output pipe 8 of the water-gas separator 5.
In this embodiment, as can also be seen in fig. 1, the gas well water content detector is an ultrasonic detector and is disposed in a lower portion of a gas well mechanism.
In this embodiment, as can also be seen in connection with fig. 1, the ground pressure detector is arranged at the bottom of a gas well structure.
In the embodiment, as can be seen in fig. 1, the gas well depth detection device is arranged at the bottom of a gas well mechanism.
In this embodiment, the specific calculation steps are:
assuming that the preset water content value of the gas well is x 1; gpc(s) is a foam remover adding machine function; gqc(s) is a gas controller function. Gj(s)e-τ2sA water content control function for a gas well water content detector; gsg(s) is a gas well depth disturbance module function; gdg(s) is a ground pressure interference module function; x2 is the water content output; ξ (t) is the modifier function. Gmx(s)e-τmsIs an internal model function; tau is a delay time constant; e is then-τmxsIs a time lag model function.
Wherein, the gas well depth interferes with the module function Gsg(s) and earth voltage interference module function Gdg(s) using the step input signal as a source of interference. Tau is a time delay constant, and is a first-order inertia plus pure lag link.
In the embodiment, the gas well water content detector is the control object, then
Figure GDA0002703298210000081
Internal model Gmx(s) and time lag modeling yields:
Figure GDA0002703298210000082
τ m is the delay time constant.
The water content controller is an internal model controller consisting of the inverse of the minimum phase of the internal model. To ensure the stability and robustness of the system, a filter is added on the inverse of the minimum phase
Figure GDA0002703298210000083
Where n is the order of the filter and λ is the filter parameter
For internal model Gmx(s) decomposition gives: gmx(s)=Gmx+(s)Gmx-(s);
Gmx+(s) is the internal model non-minimum phase part; gmx-(s) is the minimum phase part of the model;
then: internal model controller
Figure GDA0002703298210000084
The corrected internal model controller G can be obtainedqc(s)’。
Then, a feedback control function G is obtainedf(s) is:
Figure GDA0002703298210000085
for feedback control function GfThe solution(s) can obtain a P (proportion) I (integral) control form, and the internal model is close to the controlled object by adjusting the correction parameters, so that the water content adjusting process is more stable.
It should be noted that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an intelligent foam row production and injection management system, includes gas well mechanism, is provided with foam in this gas well mechanism and arranges agent interpolation machine, gas well water content detector, its characterized in that: a water content controller and a gas collecting controller are also arranged;
the input end of the water content controller acquires a preset water content signal x1 of the gas well and outputs a control signal a;
the input end of the gas production controller acquires a gas production speed signal v and outputs a control signal b;
obtaining a first difference signal c1 after the control signal a is differenced with the control signal b; the first difference signal c1 controls the foam discharging agent adding machine to change the adding amount of the foam discharging agent; a foam discharging agent adding signal f output by the foam discharging agent adding machine is sent to a gas well water content detector, the gas well water content detector outputs water content information d, and the water content information d is used as a water content output signal x2 of a gas well mechanism;
sending the control signal a output by the water content controller into a model controller, and obtaining a second difference signal c2 after the difference is made between the model predicted water content output signal x3 and the water content output signal x2 by the model of the model controller; and a third difference signal c3 obtained by subtracting the second difference signal c2 from the preset water content signal x1 of the gas well is sent to the water content controller.
2. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 1, wherein: the input end of the earth pressure interference module acquires an earth pressure signal e detected by an earth pressure detector, a fourth difference signal c4 obtained by subtracting the output earth pressure interference signal e' from the water content information d is used as the water content output signal x2, and the fourth difference signal c4 is used for subtracting the model predicted water content output signal x 3.
3. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 1, wherein: the gas well depth detection device is arranged at the input end of the gas well depth interference module, the input end of the gas well depth interference module acquires a depth signal h detected by the gas well depth detection device and outputs a depth interference signal h ', a fourth difference signal c4 is obtained after the depth interference signal h' is differed with a foam discharging agent adding signal f of the foam discharging agent adding machine, and the fourth difference signal c4 is sent to the gas well water content detector.
4. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the model controller comprises an internal model, a time-lag model and a correction model;
the internal model is used for outputting an internal model signal m after acquiring the control signal a, the internal model signal m outputs a correction signal z after passing through a correction model, and the correction signal z is subjected to difference with the control signal a to obtain a fifth difference signal c5 and then is sent to the internal model;
and sending the internal model signal m into the time-lag model to obtain a model predicted water content output signal x 3.
5. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 1, wherein: the gas well mechanism comprises a stepped well, the inner diameter of the stepped well is sequentially reduced from a well head to a well bottom, the stepped well is an n-level stepped well, and the depth of the stepped well is l.
6. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 5, wherein: the foam discharging agent adding machine comprises a foam discharging agent containing box (1), the foam discharging agent containing box (1) is installed at a gas well opening of a gas well mechanism, a foam discharging agent discharging pipe (2) is connected to the foam discharging agent containing box (1), and an electromagnetic valve (3) and a foam discharging flow meter (4) are installed on the foam discharging agent discharging pipe (2).
7. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 6, wherein: the gas well mechanism gas well wellhead is provided with a water-gas separator (5), an input pipe of the water-gas separator is communicated with the gas well wellhead, a gas flow meter (7) is arranged on a gas output pipe (6) of the water-gas separator (5), and a water flow meter (9) is arranged on a liquid output pipe (8) of the water-gas separator (5).
8. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 1, wherein: the gas well water content detector is an ultrasonic detector and is arranged at the lower part of a gas well of the gas well mechanism.
9. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 2, wherein: the ground pressure detector is arranged at the bottom of a gas well of the gas well mechanism.
10. The intelligent foam drainage injection management system of claim 3, wherein: the gas well depth detection device is arranged at the bottom of a gas well of the gas well mechanism.
CN201811529375.1A 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Intelligent foam discharging, extracting and injecting management system Expired - Fee Related CN109695439B (en)

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US6688176B2 (en) * 2000-01-13 2004-02-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Single tube densitometer
US6672163B2 (en) * 2000-03-14 2004-01-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Acoustic sensor for fluid characterization
CN102296709B (en) * 2011-05-19 2013-04-10 巢启 Inorganic foam heat insulation profile
CN202338310U (en) * 2011-11-03 2012-07-18 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Automatic putting device for foam discharging rod
CN204877409U (en) * 2015-08-25 2015-12-16 盘锦百利化工有限公司 Foam drainage system
CN106190080B (en) * 2016-07-14 2019-02-12 西南石油大学 A kind of spherical solid foam discharging agent for natural gas fluctuating horizontal well
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