CN109694252A - A kind of preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change.The present invention utilizes organic formwork infusion process, proposes the process flow of layering, multiple hanging.Slurry viscosity is controlled by adjusting solid phase quality accounting, first hanging uses high viscosity slurry, to entire porous material hanging.Subsequent hanging obtains the porous media absorber of through-thickness structure gradual change using low viscosity slurry and the porous zone range of successive adjustment hanging.Preparation method proposed by the present invention can control the preparation that the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change is realized along the structural parameters such as the porosity of porous media thickness direction and aperture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy utilization technique field, in particular to the porous media solar energy of a kind of structure gradual change is inhaled
The preparation method of hot device.
Background technique
As the critical component in Photospot solar heat generating system, heat dump, which carries, passes to solar radiation energy
The task of heat exchanging fluid.Traditional Surface absorption formula heat dump will form higher hot spoke since hot-fluid concentration, surface temperature are high
Penetrate loss.Porous media solar heat absorber is a kind of positive displacement heat dump, and solar radiation can gradually decline in porous media
Subtract, reduces the concentration hot-fluid on surface；Its complicated tridimensional network and huge heat exchange area simultaneously, can significantly increase
Convective heat transfer between heat exchanging fluid and heat dump effectively promotes the efficiency of heat dump to form " body absorption " effect.However,
The popularization of porous media solar heat absorber still remains following problem: (1) efficient heat dump structure lacks design scheme；
(2) there are technical bottlenecks for the preparation processing of novel heat dump.
Existing scholar proposes porous media solar heat absorber new construction both at home and abroad at present.Roldan etc. proposes one kind
Double-layer porous medium heat dump utilizes porous media thermal balance model, discloses what porosity reduced along sun incident direction
Heat dump can reduce heat dump internal temperature gradient, have the higher thermal efficiency.Porous Jie is respectively adopted in Chen etc. and Du etc.
Matter Thermal Non-equilibrium Model is conducive to promote heat dump efficiency using the structure that numerical method discovery porosity (or aperture) reduces.
Antonio L.Avila-Marin etc. obtains geometrical structure parameter and optical characteristics difference by stacking porous metals silk screen
Double-deck and three layers of porous media the experiment has found that in double-layer porous medium, the outer layer of directly reception solar radiation should have higher
Porosity to guarantee biggish transmission depth, while internal layer porous media should have bigger specific surface area to strengthen convection current
Heat exchange.It can be seen that from above analysis relative to uniform porous media solar heat absorber, the heat absorption of structural parameters variation
Device has superior performance.From the point of view of research method, although numerical simulation can instruct the design of heat dump structure, its
Validity still lacks the proof of experiment.It, can only be by stacking different homogeneous porous mediums meanwhile in current experimental study
Simple heat dump structure is obtained, the preparation method of novel porous medium solar heat absorber is still lacked.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of porous medias of structure gradual change
The preparation method of solar heat absorber, this method take layering, multiple hanging method by adjusting ceramic slurry viscosity, can be with
Prepare the porous media solar heat absorber of porosity and aperture gradual change.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change, using organic formwork infusion process, with poly-
Urethane organic foam is made to after presoma hanging through drying, high temperature sintering as presoma, using ceramic slurry, and feature exists
In the technique for using repeatedly, being layered during the hanging controls the hanging amount at presoma different-thickness, obtains along forerunner
The pore structure of body (porous media) thickness direction variation.
Preferably, the ceramic slurry is made by the steps:
The carborundum powder and white alundum powder that step 1) mixing mass ratio is 2.6:1 constitute ceramic powder main body, add kaolin
With bentonite as sintering aid, weight is respectively the 1/50 and 1/100 of ceramic powder main body；
The alkaline silica sol that quality is respectively ceramic powder 1/4 and 1/20 and carboxymethyl cellulose is added as viscous in step 2)
Agent is tied, is sufficiently mixed with ceramic powder main body.Deionized water is added and adjusts solid phase quality accounting to 70%-76%, obtains within ball milling 3 hours
Obtain ceramic slurry.
Preferably, after every time using ceramic slurry to presoma hanging, using extra in centrifuge discharge porous media
Slurry.
Preferably, idiosome is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens dryings 4 hours after hanging, and the idiosome after the completion of last hanging is 90
It is dried in vacuo for 24 hours under the conditions of DEG C.
Preferably, in multiple, layering the technique:
1) hanging for the first time uses solid phase quality accounting for 76% ceramic slurry, obtains basic ceramic idiosome；
2) subsequent hanging use solid phase quality accounting for 70% ceramic slurry, only to along the portion of porous media thickness direction
Subregion hanging；
3) range in the region of hanging is gradually decreased, hanging region is respectively 80%, 60%, 40% and of forerunner's body thickness
20%, form the structure linearly increasing along porous media thickness direction hanging amount.
Meanwhile after first time hanging each secondary hanging region thickness it is adjustable, if second of hanging is to the 5th hanging area
Domain is respectively 70%, 40%, 30% and the 20% of forerunner's body thickness, can be formed and be increased first along porous media thickness direction hanging amount
Fast structure after slow.If second of hanging is respectively 90%, 70%, 50% and of forerunner's body thickness to the 5th hanging region
20%, the structure first quick and back slow along the increase of porous media thickness direction hanging amount can be formed.
Preferably, the condition of the high temperature sintering are as follows: maintain 1 DEG C/min of heating rate, rise to 600 DEG C from room temperature；Then
1450 DEG C are warming up to 5 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 4h, last cooled to room temperature.
Structure of the invention gradual change porous media solar heat absorber makes full use of porous media structure characteristic, high porosity and
The part in high aperture is conducive to the transmission of solar radiation, and the part in low porosity and low aperture can significantly strengthen to spreading
Heat.The porous structure directly stacked in the prior art is unfavorable for the transmitting of heat since there are thermal resistances between each interface；Simultaneously
Parameter is mutated between each layer, and heat dump built-in thermal stress can be caused to increase.In contrast, boundary is not present in grading structure of the invention
Face thermal resistance, structural parameters gradual change advantageously reduce heat dump internal temperature gradient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is porous media solar energy heat absorbing of the through-thickness porosity prepared by the present invention from 0.85 gradual change to 0.65
The pictorial diagram of device.
Fig. 2 is the porosity distribution of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change prepared by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, to process the porous media sun of the through-thickness porosity from 0.85 linear gradient to 0.65
For energy heat dump, the present invention is described in detail:
Firstly, being 10PPI to hole density, with a thickness of film and table between the polyurethane organic foam presoma removal network of 4cm
Face is modified.
Secondly, the configuration higher ceramic slurry of viscosity.It mixes 47.4g carborundum powder and 18.2g white alundum powder constitutes ceramics
Powder main body is added 1.4g kaolin and 0.7g bentonite as sintering aid, is uniformly mixed.Be added alkaline silica sol 17.2g and
The carboxymethyl cellulose 3.4g of 4wt%, and deionized water 0.8g is added, adjusting solid phase mass fraction is 76%.Then, by slurry
It is placed in ball mill, 200 revs/min of revolving speed, ball milling 3 hours.
During first time hanging, by polyurethane organic foam presoma thorough impregnation in solid phase mass fraction be 76%
Ceramic slurry.Porous media sample is placed in centrifuge after abundant hanging, is centrifuged 10 seconds with 300 revs/min of revolving speed, is discharged more
Extra slurry, avoids plug-hole in the medium of hole.Idiosome is 4 hours dry in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens.
Again, the relatively low ceramic slurry of configuration viscosity.It mixes 47.4g carborundum powder and 18.2g white alundum powder is constituted
Ceramic powder main body is added 1.4g kaolin and 0.7g bentonite as sintering aid, is uniformly mixed.Alkaline silica sol is added
The carboxymethyl cellulose 3.4g of 17.2g and 4wt%, and deionized water 8.4g is added, adjusting solid phase mass fraction is 70%.With
Afterwards, slurry is placed in ball mill, 200 revs/min of revolving speed, ball milling 3 hours.
During second of hanging, the pottery for being 70% in mass fraction by idiosome partial immersion dry after first time hanging
Porcelain slurry, the area thickness that slurry is immersed in control is 3.2cm.Porous media sample after hanging is placed in centrifuge, with revolving speed 500
Rev/min centrifugation 10 seconds, be discharged additional size.Idiosome is 4 hours dry in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens.
Same hanging process is repeated, third time, the 4th time and the 5th hanging are carried out, the use of mass fraction is 70%
Ceramic slurry, the area thickness that slurry is immersed in control is respectively 2.4cm, 1.6cm and 0.8cm.After each hanging, with revolving speed 500
Revs/min centrifugation 10 seconds, additional size is discharged, and by idiosome dry 4 hours in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens.
After completing the above five secondary clearing hangings, that is, obtain the porous media idiosome of structure gradual change.By idiosome in 90 DEG C of conditions
For 24 hours, the moisture in porous media skeleton is discharged in lower vacuum drying.
Finally, carrying out high temperature sintering.The initial plastic removal stage rises to 600 DEG C from room temperature, and maintaining heating rate is 1 DEG C/minute
Clock.It then the firing stage, is rapidly heated with 5 DEG C/min to 1450 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4h, last cooled to room temperature.Obtain structure
The porous media solar heat absorber of gradual change.
Sintered sample is as shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that porous media skeleton gradually becomes from top to bottom in thickness direction
Slightly, while sample does not occur apparent lamination.In order to further characterize the characteristic of sample structure gradual change, sample is carried out
Industrial computed tomography obtains the true three-dimensional structure of sample.The porosity distribution of its thickness direction is measured,
As a result as shown in Figure 2.Porosity of porous medium gradually changes from 0.85 to 0.65 in thickness direction, it was demonstrated that this method can be controlled
Porous media parameter of pore structure processed realizes the preparation of structure gradual change porous media solar heat absorber.
Similar, by adjusting the viscosity of ceramic slurry, the number of plies of layering hanging and the thickness of each layer hanging, may be implemented
The preparation of the porous media of different porosities and pore diameter range and Different structural parameters distribution character.
The preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change provided by the invention is the novel suction of Experimental Research
The flowing heat transfer characteristic of hot device provides support.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change, using organic formwork infusion process, with poly- ammonia
Ester organic foam is made to after presoma hanging through drying, high temperature sintering as presoma, using ceramic slurry, and feature exists
In the technique for using repeatedly, being layered during the hanging controls the hanging amount at presoma different-thickness, obtains along thickness
The pore structure of direction change.
2. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Ceramic slurry is stated to be made by the steps:
The carborundum powder and white alundum powder that step 1) mixing mass ratio is 2.6:1 constitute ceramic powder main body, and add sintering aid；
Step 2) is added binder and is sufficiently mixed with ceramic powder, and deionized water is then added and adjusts solid phase quality accounting, ball milling
Obtain ceramic slurry.
3. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Stating sintering aid is kaolin and bentonite, and additive amount is respectively the 1/50 and 1/100 of ceramic powder body weight；The binder
For alkaline silica sol and carboxymethyl cellulose, additive amount is respectively the 1/4 and 1/20 of ceramic powder body weight, and deionized water is added
Solid phase quality accounting is adjusted to 70%-76%, 3 hours acquisition ceramic slurries of ball milling.
4. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 1, which is characterized in that every
After secondary utilization ceramic slurry is to presoma hanging, slurry extra in centrifuge discharge porous media is used.
5. according to claim 1 or the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of the 4 structure gradual changes, feature exist
In the idiosome after the completion of last hanging is dried in vacuo for 24 hours under the conditions of 90 DEG C, and idiosome is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum after remaining each hanging
Drying box is 4 hours dry.
6. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states repeatedly, in the technique of layering:
1) hanging for the first time uses solid phase quality accounting for 76% ceramic slurry, obtains basic ceramic idiosome；
2) subsequent hanging use solid phase quality accounting for 70% ceramic slurry, only to along the partial region of presoma thickness direction
Hanging；
3) range in hanging region gradually decreases, and hanging region is respectively 80%, 60%, 40% and the 20% of forerunner's body thickness,
Form the structure linearly increasing along presoma thickness direction hanging amount.
7. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State the temperature rise process of high temperature sintering are as follows: maintain 1 DEG C/min of heating rate, rise to 600 DEG C from room temperature；Then risen with 5 DEG C/min
Temperature keeps the temperature 4h, last cooled to room temperature to 1450 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
It states repeatedly, in the technique of layering, the thickness in each secondary hanging region is adjustable after first time hanging, and second of hanging is hung to the 5th time
Starching region is respectively 70%, 40%, 30% and the 20% of forerunner's body thickness, is formed and is increased first along presoma thickness direction hanging amount
Fast structure after slow.
9. the preparation method of the porous media solar heat absorber of structure gradual change according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
It states repeatedly, in the technique of layering, the thickness in each secondary hanging region is adjustable after first time hanging, and second of hanging is hung to the 5th time
Starching region is respectively 90%, 70%, 50% and the 20% of forerunner's body thickness, is formed and is increased first along presoma thickness direction hanging amount
Slow structure after fast.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111233478A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-05 | 北京交通大学 | Layered slurry preparation method of titanium carbide gradient porous ceramic |
| CN111253158A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Solar thermal power generation and heat absorption/storage integrated corundum/SiC ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113237239A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-08-10 | 河海大学 | Gradient porous/particle composite moving bed solar heat absorber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111233478A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-05 | 北京交通大学 | Layered slurry preparation method of titanium carbide gradient porous ceramic |
| CN111253158A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Solar thermal power generation and heat absorption/storage integrated corundum/SiC ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111253158B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-02-01 | 武汉理工大学 | Solar thermal power generation and heat absorption/storage integrated corundum/SiC ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113237239A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-08-10 | 河海大学 | Gradient porous/particle composite moving bed solar heat absorber |
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