CN109694243A - 一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN109694243A
CN109694243A CN201811471566.7A CN201811471566A CN109694243A CN 109694243 A CN109694243 A CN 109694243A CN 201811471566 A CN201811471566 A CN 201811471566A CN 109694243 A CN109694243 A CN 109694243A
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parts
oxide
soft magnetic
magnetic ferrite
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徐杰
周福林
张文军
曾性儒
王玉志
张宗仁
徐尔明
董文龙
陶天亮
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TIANCHANG CITY ZHAOTIAN MAGNETOELECTRICITY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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TIANCHANG CITY ZHAOTIAN MAGNETOELECTRICITY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料及其制备工艺，包括以下重量份：三氧化二铁65～75份、氧化锰20～30份、氧化锌5～15份、二氧化锡1～2份、二氧化硅3～5份、氧化铜0.5～1.5份、五氧化二铌2～4份、高纯碳酸锶1～3份、四氧化三锰0.5～1份和微量添加物0.2份。采用本发明方法制备的磁芯在实际使用过程中具备稳定的磁导率，又具有低的损耗因数，同时还能节省能源；磁芯色泽均匀，端面平整，晶粒大小均匀、完整、表面光洁。

Description

一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及磁性材料技术领域，具体涉及一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
软磁铁氧体材料是以Fe2O3为主成分，用来制备具有软磁特性铁氧体的材料，主要特点为容易磁化，也容易退磁。软磁铁氧体材料是一种用途广、产量大、成本低的基础材料，是电子、机电工业重要的支柱产品之一，它的推广应用直接影响到电子信息、家电工业、计算机与通讯、环保及节能技术的发展，也是衡量一个国家经济发达程度的标志之一。软磁铁氧体材料具有高磁导率、高电阻率、低损耗、良好的高频特性及陶瓷的耐磨性，因而在电视机的电子束偏转线圈、回扫变压器、收音机扼流圈、中周变压器、电感器、开关电源、通讯设备、滤波器、计算机、电子镇流器、LED等绿色照明、太阳能及风能等新能源、汽车电子、物联网等领域得到广泛应用；随着电子技术日益广泛的应用，特别是数字电路和开关电源应用的普及，电磁干扰(EMI)问题日益重要，世界各国对电子仪器及测量设备抗电磁干扰性能提出的标准越来越高。因此，以软磁铁氧体为基础的EMI磁性元件发展迅速，产品种类繁多，如电磁干扰抑制器、电波吸收材料、倍频器、调制器等，己成为现代军事电子设备、工业和民用电子仪器不可缺少的组成部分。
在生产软磁铁氧体材料过程中，磁导率一直是技术的关键部分，随着电子元器件的节能化，不断追求稳定的磁导率一直是从事该专业的工程技术人员的追求。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明公开了一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料及其制备工艺，其目的在于提供一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料。
为了达到以上目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料，包括以下重量份：三氧化二铁65～75份、氧化锰纳米颗粒20～30份、氧化锌纳米颗粒5～15份、二氧化锡1～2份、二氧化硅3～5份、氧化铜纳米颗粒0.5～1.5份、五氧化二铌2～4份、高纯碳酸锶1～3份、四氧化三锰0.5～1份和微量添加物0.2份。
作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物为三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的混合物。
作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物中三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的份数比为1:2。
作为本发明的一种改进，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：理化分析：对三氧化二铁和氧化锰纳米颗粒进行理化分析，采用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射分析仪进行分析，纯度需满足三氧化二铁≥99.5％、氧化锰纳米颗粒≥99.9％；
步骤二：称重配料：按照重量份数将三氧化二铁、氧化锰纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒、二氧化锡、二氧化硅、氧化铜、五氧化二铌、高纯碳酸锶、四氧化三锰和微量添加物进行称重配料；
步骤三：第一次球磨：向步骤二中称重好的配料加入球磨液进行球磨20～30分钟，烘干，粉碎，过150～250目筛；
步骤四：第二次球磨：将步骤三中得到的配料进行第二次球磨15～20分钟，过筛，得到合格的混合物料；
步骤五:一次烧结：将步骤四得到的混合物料送至烧结机器中，在400℃～500℃的条件下预烧1.5～3小时，再升温至900℃～950℃的条件下预烧1.5～3.5小时，得预烧料；
步骤六：砂磨、压坯：将预烧料放入砂磨机中，同时加入相当于配料聚乙烯醇6～10份、10～12份分散料、适量去离子水进行砂磨80～130分钟，得浆料，并烘干；将烘干的粉料加入2～4份的硬脂酸，造粒，装入模具，在70～90MPa压力下压制成坯件，自然晾干；
步骤六：二次烧结：将磁芯毛坯放入氮气气氛保护推板窑内烧结，调整氮气氛中氧含量为1.0％～1.2％，先以140～180℃/小时的升温速率升至600～700℃，烧结4～6小时；再调整氮气氛中氧含量0.4％～0.7％，以80～120℃/小时的升温速率升温至900～950℃，保温5～6小时；再调整氮氛中氧含量为0.1％～0.25％，以200～240℃/小时的升温速率升至1500～1600℃，保温烧结1～2小时；然后降温，以140～200℃/小时的降温速率降温至700～720℃，保温2～3小时，再以200～240℃/小时的降温速率降温至室温，得到成型的软磁铁氧体材料。
作为本发明的一种改进，过筛网为300～350目。
相对与现有技术，本发明具有如下优点：采用本发明方法制备的磁芯在实际使用过程中具备稳定的磁导率，又具有低的损耗因数，同时还能节省能源；磁芯色泽均匀，端面平整，晶粒大小均匀、完整、表面光洁；采用低温烧结工艺，调节各个阶段升温速率、降温速率，促进材料铁氧体化，可以有效控制晶粒尺寸，晶格应变和离子、空位分布均匀；在软磁铁氧体材料中采用二氧化锡、二氧化硅、氧化铜纳米颗粒、五氧化二铌、高纯碳酸锶、四氧化三锰和微量添加物掺杂组合，二氧化硅和氧化铜纳米颗粒都集中在晶粒边界上，使晶粒边界增厚，从而在晶界形成了高电阻率的阻挡层，增大材料的晶界电阻率，降低了相对损耗因数，微量添加物使磁晶各向异性常数和饱和磁致伸缩系数减小，得到了较低的温度系数，改善了起始磁导率温度特性。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1：现对本发明提供的一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料进行说明，包括以下重量份：三氧化二铁65份、氧化锰纳米颗粒20份、氧化锌纳米颗粒5份、二氧化锡1份、二氧化硅3份、氧化铜纳米颗粒0.5份、五氧化二铌2份、高纯碳酸锶1份、四氧化三锰0.5份和微量添加物0.2份。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物为三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的混合物。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物中三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的份数比为1:2。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：理化分析：对三氧化二铁和氧化锰进行理化分析，采用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射分析仪进行分析，纯度满足三氧化二铁为99.5％、氧化锰纳米颗粒为99.9％；
步骤二：称重配料：按照重量份数将三氧化二铁、氧化锰纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒、二氧化锡、二氧化硅、氧化铜纳米颗粒、五氧化二铌、高纯碳酸锶、四氧化三锰和微量添加物进行称重配料；
步骤三：第一次球磨：向步骤二中称重好的配料加入球磨液进行球磨20分钟，烘干，粉碎，过150目筛；
步骤四：第二次球磨：将步骤三中得到的配料进行第二次球磨15分钟，过筛，得到合格的混合物料；
步骤五:一次烧结：将步骤四得到的混合物料送至烧结机器中，在400℃的条件下预烧1.5小时，再升温至900℃的条件下预烧1.5小时，得预烧料；
步骤六：砂磨、压坯：将预烧料放入砂磨机中，同时加入相当于配料聚乙烯醇6份、10份分散料、适量去离子水进行砂磨80分钟，得浆料，并烘干；将烘干的粉料加入2份的硬脂酸，造粒，装入模具，在70MPa压力下压制成坯件，自然晾干；
步骤六：二次烧结：将磁芯毛坯放入氮气气氛保护推板窑内烧结，调整氮气氛中氧含量为1.0％，先以140℃/小时的升温速率升至600℃，烧结4小时；再调整氮气氛中氧含量0.4％，以80℃/小时的升温速率升温至900℃，保温5小时；再调整氮氛中氧含量为0.1％，以200℃/小时的升温速率升至1500℃，保温烧结1小时；然后降温，以140℃/小时的降温速率降温至700℃，保温2小时，再以200℃/小时的降温速率降温至室温，得到成型的软磁铁氧体材料。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，过筛网为300目。
实施例2：现对本发明提供的一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料进行说明，包括以下重量份：三氧化二铁75份、氧化锰纳米颗粒30份、氧化锌纳米颗粒15份、二氧化锡2份、二氧化硅5份、氧化铜纳米颗粒1.5份、五氧化二铌4份、高纯碳酸锶3份、四氧化三锰1份和微量添加物0.2份。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物为三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的混合物。本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物中三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的份数比为1:2。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：理化分析：对三氧化二铁和氧化锰进行理化分析，采用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射分析仪进行分析，纯度需满足三氧化二铁为99.6％、氧化锰纳米颗粒为99.93；
步骤二：称重配料：按照重量份数将三氧化二铁、氧化锰纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒、二氧化锡、二氧化硅、氧化铜纳米颗粒、五氧化二铌、高纯碳酸锶、四氧化三锰和微量添加物进行称重配料；
步骤三：第一次球磨：向步骤二中称重好的配料加入球磨液进行球磨30分钟，烘干，粉碎，过250目筛；
步骤四：第二次球磨：将步骤三中得到的配料进行第二次球磨20分钟，过筛，得到合格的混合物料；
步骤五:一次烧结：将步骤四得到的混合物料送至烧结机器中，在500℃的条件下预烧3小时，再升温至950℃的条件下预烧3.5小时，得预烧料；
步骤六：砂磨、压坯：将预烧料放入砂磨机中，同时加入相当于配料聚乙烯醇10份、12份分散料、适量去离子水进行砂磨130分钟，得浆料，并烘干；将烘干的粉料加入4份的硬脂酸，造粒，装入模具，在90MPa压力下压制成坯件，自然晾干；
步骤六：二次烧结：将磁芯毛坯放入氮气气氛保护推板窑内烧结，调整氮气氛中氧含量为1.2％，先以180℃/小时的升温速率升至700℃，烧结6小时；再调整氮气氛中氧含量0.7％，以120℃/小时的升温速率升温至950℃，保温6小时；再调整氮氛中氧含量为0.25％，以240℃/小时的升温速率升至1600℃，保温烧结2小时；然后降温，以200℃/小时的降温速率降温至720℃，保温3小时，再以240℃/小时的降温速率降温至室温，得到成型的软磁铁氧体材料。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，过筛网为350目。
实施例3：现对本发明提供的一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料进行说明，包括以下重量份：三氧化二铁70份、氧化锰纳米颗粒25份、氧化锌纳米颗粒10份、二氧化锡1.5份、二氧化硅4份、氧化铜纳米颗粒1份、五氧化二铌3份、高纯碳酸锶2份、四氧化三锰0.7份和微量添加物0.2份。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物为三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的混合物。本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，所述微量添加物中三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的份数比为1:2。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：理化分析：对三氧化二铁和氧化锰纳米颗粒进行理化分析，采用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射分析仪进行分析，纯度需满足三氧化二铁为99.8％、氧化锰纳米颗粒99.98％；
步骤二：称重配料：按照重量份数将三氧化二铁、氧化锰纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒、二氧化锡、二氧化硅、氧化铜纳米颗粒、五氧化二铌、高纯碳酸锶、四氧化三锰和微量添加物进行称重配料；
步骤三：第一次球磨：向步骤二中称重好的配料加入球磨液进行球磨25分钟，烘干，粉碎，过200目筛；
步骤四：第二次球磨：将步骤三中得到的配料进行第二次球磨18分钟，过筛，得到合格的混合物料；
步骤五:一次烧结：将步骤四得到的混合物料送至烧结机器中，在450℃的条件下预烧2小时，再升温至925℃的条件下预烧2.8小时，得预烧料；
步骤六：砂磨、压坯：将预烧料放入砂磨机中，同时加入相当于配料聚乙烯醇8份、11份分散料、适量去离子水进行砂磨100分钟，得浆料，并烘干；将烘干的粉料加入3份的硬脂酸，造粒，装入模具，在80MPa压力下压制成坯件，自然晾干；
步骤六：二次烧结：将磁芯毛坯放入氮气气氛保护推板窑内烧结，调整氮气氛中氧含量为1.1％，先以160℃/小时的升温速率升至650℃，烧结5小时；再调整氮气氛中氧含量0.55％，以100℃/小时的升温速率升温至925℃，保温5.5小时；再调整氮氛中氧含量为0.2％，以220℃/小时的升温速率升至1550℃，保温烧结1.5小时；然后降温，以170℃/小时的降温速率降温至710℃，保温2.5小时，再以220℃/小时的降温速率降温至室温，得到成型的软磁铁氧体材料。
本实施例中，作为本发明的一种改进，过筛网为325目。
本发明还可以将实施例2、3所述技术特征中的至少一个与实施例1组合形成新的实施方式。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料，其特征在于：包括以下重量份：三氧化二铁65～75份、氧化锰纳米颗粒20～30份、氧化锌颗粒5～15份、二氧化锡1～2份、二氧化硅3～5份、氧化铜纳米颗粒0.5～1.5份、五氧化二铌2～4份、高纯碳酸锶1～3份、四氧化三锰0.5～1份和微量添加物0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料，其特征在于：所述微量添加物为三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料，其特征在于：所述微量添加物中三氧化二铋和三氧化二钇的份数比为1:2。
4.根据权利要求1至3所述的任一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料的制备工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤一：理化分析：对三氧化二铁和氧化锰纳米颗粒进行理化分析，采用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射分析仪进行分析，纯度需满足三氧化二铁≥99.5％、氧化锰纳米颗粒≥99.9％；
步骤二：称重配料：按照重量份数将三氧化二铁、氧化锰纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒、二氧化锡、二氧化硅、氧化铜纳米颗粒、五氧化二铌、高纯碳酸锶、四氧化三锰和微量添加物进行称重配料；
步骤三：第一次球磨：向步骤二中称重好的配料加入球磨液进行球磨20～30分钟，烘干，粉碎，过150～250目筛；
步骤四：第二次球磨：将步骤三中得到的配料进行第二次球磨15～20分钟，过筛，得到合格的混合物料；
步骤五:一次烧结：将步骤四得到的混合物料送至烧结机器中，在400℃～500℃的条件下预烧1.5～3小时，再升温至900℃～950℃的条件下预烧1.5～3.5小时，得预烧料；
步骤六：砂磨、压坯：将预烧料放入砂磨机中，同时加入相当于配料聚乙烯醇6～10份、10～12份分散料、适量去离子水进行砂磨80～130分钟，得浆料，并烘干；将烘干的粉料加入2～4份的硬脂酸，造粒，装入模具，在70～90MPa压力下压制成坯件，自然晾干；
步骤六：二次烧结：将磁芯毛坯放入氮气气氛保护推板窑内烧结，调整氮气氛中氧含量为1.0％～1.2％，先以140～180℃/小时的升温速率升至600～700℃，烧结4～6小时；再调整氮气氛中氧含量0.4％～0.7％，以80～120℃/小时的升温速率升温至900～950℃，保温5～6小时；再调整氮氛中氧含量为0.1％～0.25％，以200～240℃/小时的升温速率升至1500～1600℃，保温烧结1～2小时；然后降温，以140～200℃/小时的降温速率降温至700～720℃，保温2～3小时，再以200～240℃/小时的降温速率降温至室温，得到成型的软磁铁氧体材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种利用纳米颗粒制备的软磁铁氧体材料的制备工艺，其特征在于：过筛网为300～350目。
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