CN109693402B - Riveting-free stamping vibration connection method and die for carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material - Google Patents
Riveting-free stamping vibration connection method and die for carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109693402B CN109693402B CN201811620528.3A CN201811620528A CN109693402B CN 109693402 B CN109693402 B CN 109693402B CN 201811620528 A CN201811620528 A CN 201811620528A CN 109693402 B CN109693402 B CN 109693402B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/681—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/78—Moulding material on one side only of the preformed part
Abstract
The invention provides a riveting-free stamping vibration connection method for carbon fiber composite materials and aluminum alloy materials. And starting the ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator, moving the upper die punch downwards to extrude the connecting piece, and plastically deforming the aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber composite plate under the action of punching force and ultrasonic oscillation. Meanwhile, due to the extrusion of the upper die and the female die and the vibration effect of ultrasonic waves, the resin and the carbon fibers in the interlayer structure are rearranged, and the aluminum powder and the resin are coated and embedded into the plate. And (3) carrying out a curing reaction on the resin, and finally enabling the aluminum alloy plate, the sandwich structure and the carbon fiber composite plate to be mutually hooked and embedded, so that the aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber composite plate are mutually connected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material connection, and particularly relates to a riveting-free stamping vibration connection method and a riveting-free stamping vibration connection die for a carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy material.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the application of the automobile lightweight technology is in the trend, and lightweight alternative materials are the most valuable lightweight technology generally accepted in the industry. Aluminum alloys have been used in a large number of vehicle bodies, and new materials, not metal fiber composites, are also being gradually used in vehicle body manufacturing. If two plates are connected together in a traditional mode for the non-metal fiber composite material, the cost of connecting the single plates is high. The existing mature technology such as rivet connection or bolt connection has the disadvantages of high preparation work, transportation cost and processing cost of spare and accessory parts, inconvenient disassembly, stress concentration in hole generation and poor sealing property. Bolt connections often become loose and cause mechanical failure under conditions of vibration, shock, load variation, and excessive temperature differences. The riveting has higher precision requirement on hole making, the noise is high during working, the structure is heavy, and the bolt connection and the riveting have corrosion problems, thereby influencing the quality of the joint. If spot welding is adopted, the investment of a spot welding machine is large, and the fatigue strength is poor due to stress concentration and poor vibration resistance. Furthermore, it is more difficult to connect multi-layer plates, and plates with plated layers, aluminum, copper and stainless steel plates cannot be connected. For the painted plates, plates made of different materials, plates with quite large thickness difference and plates with interlayers in the middle are still unable to work. And for the new connecting technologies popularized in recent years, such as the SPR self-piercing riveting technology and the popularization of the FDS flow drilling rivet screwing process, the blank of connecting dissimilar materials is made up. In both of the above-mentioned connection methods, the surface of the connected member must be damaged, which causes irreversible damage to the material, and the connection portion is not good in terms of life, fatigue strength, water resistance, and salt mist resistance. If the glue joint is adopted, the reliability is poor, an effective quality connection method is lacked, the glue joint performance is greatly influenced by the environment (wet, hot and corrosive media), the glue joint is easy to age and cannot transfer large loads.
The press-joining process was first introduced in germany. The TOX connection technology was developed by TOX punching technology GmbH in Germany at the end of the 70 th 20 th century. The stamping connection technology can better make up the defects of the connection mode, and is a non-detachable stamping point connection technology of the plastic sheet. However, the traditional stamping connection technology is generally applied to the field of connection of metal plates such as steel, aluminum (aluminum alloy) and other non-ferrous metals with coatings, a relatively complete and mature theoretical system of stamping connection technology is not available for application between metal and composite materials and between composite materials, and the traditional stamping connection method is used for connection of dissimilar composite materials, the function of the anisotropic composite materials cannot be fully played, and the connection method is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a riveting-free stamping vibration connection method for a carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy material.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a riveting-free stamping vibration connection method for a carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy material specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-laying of connector materials before connection:
the connecting piece is including laying in the carbon fiber composite sheet of bottom, laying in the sandwich structure in the aluminum alloy panel and the intermediate level of top layer, sandwich structure includes carbon fiber prepreg and spreads layer and nanometer aluminium powder layer, and top-down is in proper order: the carbon fiber prepreg paving device comprises a nanoscale aluminum powder layer, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 0 degree, a nanoscale aluminum powder layer, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 0 degree, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees, and a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees;
the female die of the die is fixed in the middle of the lower die, the connecting piece is placed on the upper surfaces of the female die and the lower die, the connecting piece is pressed by the blank holder, and the middle of the blank holder is provided with the upper die punch;
s2, preheating and heat preservation:
switching on a lower die heating rod and an alternating current power supply, heating the lower die and the connecting piece, cutting off the alternating current power supply and preserving heat when the heating temperature reaches the curing temperature of a carbon fiber prepreg layer of the interlayer structure of the connecting piece and the carbon fiber composite board can be softened to the maximum extent;
connecting an upper die heating rod with an alternating current power supply, heating the upper die, cutting off the alternating current power supply and preserving heat when the heating temperature reaches the failure temperature of the carbon fiber composite board of the connecting piece and can soften the aluminum alloy board to the maximum extent;
s3, connection process:
opening the ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator below the lower die, moving the upper die downwards, enabling the upper die punch, the blank holder and the die to coincide with each other along the central axis, enabling the upper die punch to continuously move downwards after contacting with the aluminum alloy plate on the top layer, extruding the connecting piece by the upper die, enabling the connecting piece to deform in the die, enabling the aluminum alloy plate to be embedded into the sandwich structure, enabling the sandwich structure to be embedded into the carbon fiber composite plate under pressure, enabling the carbon fiber prepreg layers of the sandwich structure to be softened by heating, enabling the carbon fiber composite plate, the aluminum alloy plate and the sandwich structure of the connecting piece to be subjected to mechanical interlocking at a curing temperature, enabling the upper die to move upwards to leave the surface of the connecting piece.
Preferably, go up the mould heating rod and be 6x60mm power 100W mould single-end electrothermal tube stainless steel 220V dry combustion method heating rod, the lower mould heating rod is 8x100mm power 200W mould single-end electrothermal tube stainless steel 220V dry combustion method heating rod, go up mould heating rod and lower mould heating rod and be connected with alternating current power supply through three-phase high-power silicon controlled rectifier electronic voltage regulator respectively.
Preferably, the lower surface of the upper die, the upper surface of the lower die and the upper surface of the female die are smooth.
Preferably, the lower die is replaceable.
Preferably, the upper die and the lower die are independently controlled in temperature and can be adjusted to different temperatures.
The utility model provides a realize mould of foretell carbon-fibre composite and aluminum alloy material rivetless stamping vibration connection method, it includes ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator, lower mould heating rod, die, goes up the mould heating rod and blank holder, ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator is fixed in the below of lower mould, the die is fixed in the middle part of lower mould, the lower mould heating rod inserts in the heating hole of lower mould, the lower mould heating rod is connected with alternating current power supply, the connecting piece is placed to the upper surface of lower mould and die, the connecting piece top is the blank holder, the middle part of blank holder is the drift of last mould, the inside mould heating rod that is equipped with of drift of last mould, go up the mould heating rod with alternating current power supply connects, go up the coincidence of the axis of mould heating rod, last mould drift and blank holder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the rivet-free stamping vibration connection method can realize the connection of dissimilar materials, and aiming at the defect that the rivet-free connection can not be connected with non-metallic materials, the mechanical interlocking of plates is realized by adding the middle sandwich structure, namely the connection layer, so that the problem that the deformation strengthening of connection points of the non-metallic materials can not be realized by the traditional rivet-free connection is solved. The method is characterized in that nanoscale aluminum powder is sprayed on an interlayer structure, the aluminum powder is redistributed at connecting points by utilizing the fluidity of resin in the curing process of carbon fiber prepreg in the interlayer structure through the oscillation action of an ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator, gaps generated by deformation of the plate are filled, meanwhile, the aluminum powder is wrapped by the resin and enters micropores on the surface of the aluminum alloy due to the extrusion action of an upper die and a lower die, the connecting strength of the plate is enhanced, meanwhile, the aluminum powder and the aluminum alloy plate belong to the same material and have better affinity, a medium is constructed between the aluminum alloy and the resin, and the bonding is realized. Meanwhile, the carbon fiber prepreg and the carbon fiber composite board in the sandwich structure belong to the same material, so that the carbon fiber prepreg and the carbon fiber composite board have high affinity, and the performance of connecting the nonmetal plates is improved when the carbon fiber prepreg and the carbon fiber composite board are used as sandwich materials.
2. The ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator can remarkably improve the capacity of the sandwich structure in connecting the aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber composite plate. The aluminum powder in the sandwich structure can be fully mixed with the resin softened in the connection process through ultrasonic high-frequency vibration. The resin is easier to enter the surface of the aluminum alloy under the coating of the aluminum powder, and the bonding performance of the nano-scale aluminum powder and the aluminum alloy plate is also enhanced. The aluminum powder is more fully embedded into the gaps generated by material deformation by oscillation, and the thin walls and the bottoms of the pits can be strengthened. The high-frequency vibration can realize redistribution of the carbon fiber tows when the resin in the carbon fiber prepreg is softened and cured, so that the carbon fiber tows, the aluminum alloy plate and the finished carbon fiber composite plate are deformed synchronously, and the forming effect is ensured after the curing is finished.
3. The upper die and the lower die are controlled independently, so that the corresponding temperature regulation and control can be performed according to the forming performance of different plates, the connecting performance of the plates can be greatly improved, and the problems of high energy consumption and low heating efficiency caused by integral heating of the die are avoided.
4. The lower mould can be replaced, and the lower mould can match different towards the point, dashes the different size clearances of point round hole matching adjustment, applicable in the connection of different sheet layer thickness, different material pile number, and the high flux is jointed, possesses the labour saving property.
5. The sandwich structure can obviously enhance the connecting capability of the carbon fiber composite material and the aluminum alloy plate. The nano-scale aluminum powder in the sandwich structure can enhance the infiltration bonding capability of the resin and the aluminum alloy plate, and meanwhile, the carbon fiber prepreg in the sandwich structure is made of the same material as the carbon fiber composite plate, so that the infiltration bonding capability of the sandwich structure and the carbon fiber composite plate is enhanced.
6. The invention can realize the rivet-free connection of the non-metal material and the metal material, and has the characteristics of high connection strength, good sealing performance of the connecting piece, avoidance of damage to the connecting piece and good surface forming condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a riveting-free stamping vibration connection die for a carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rivet-less stamping vibratory joining of the present invention after completion;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the organization of a sandwich structure according to the invention;
FIG. 4 shows the connection between aluminum powder and aluminum alloy surface;
FIG. 5 shows the connection between the aluminum powder and the carbon fiber surface.
In the figure: 1. an alternating current power supply; 2. an upper die heating rod; 3. an upper die; 4. a blank holder; 5. an aluminum alloy plate; 6. a sandwich structure; 7. a carbon fiber composite board; 8. a female die; 9. a lower die heating rod; 10. an alternating current power supply; 11. a lower die; 12. an ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator; 13. a nanoscale aluminum powder layer; 14. laying carbon fiber prepreg laid at 0 degrees; 15. a nanoscale aluminum powder layer; 16. and (3) laying carbon fiber prepreg laid at 90 degrees.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments, features and performance aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a riveting-free stamping vibration connection die for carbon fiber composite materials and aluminum alloy materials, which comprises an ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator 12, a lower die 11, a lower die heating rod 9, a concave die 8, an upper die 3, an upper die heating rod 3 and a blank holder 4, wherein the ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator 12 is fixed below the lower die 11, the concave die 8 is fixed at the center of the upper part of the lower die 11, the lower die heating rod 9 is inserted into a heating hole of the lower die, the lower die heating rod 9 is connected with an alternating current power supply 10, the upper surfaces of the lower die 11 and the female die 8 are smooth, a connecting piece is placed on the upper surfaces of the lower die 11 and the female die 8, a blank holder 4 is arranged above the connecting piece, a punch of the upper die 3 is arranged in the middle of the blank holder 4, the upper die heating rod 2 is arranged inside the punch of the upper die 3, the upper die heating rod 2 is connected with the alternating current power supply 1, and the central axes of the upper die heating rod 1, the upper die punch and the blank holder 4 are overlapped.
The upper die heating rod 2 is a 6x60mm power 100W die single-end electric heating tube stainless steel 220V dry-burning type heating rod, the lower die heating rod 9 is a 8x100mm power 200W die single-end electric heating tube stainless steel 220V dry-burning type heating rod, the upper die heating rod 2 is connected with an alternating current power supply 1 through a three-phase high-power silicon controlled electronic voltage regulator, and the lower die heating rod 9 is connected with an alternating current power supply 10 through a three-phase high-power silicon controlled electronic voltage regulator. 3x phi 8 heating holes are distributed at the inner axis position of the lower die 11, 3 stainless steel 220V dry-burning heating rods with 8x100mm power and 200W die single-end electric heating tubes are inserted into the heating holes of the lower die 11, and the lower die heating rods 9 are respectively connected with an alternating current power supply 10 through a three-phase high-power silicon controlled electronic voltage regulator. The lower die heating rod 9 is arranged in the lower die and independently heats the female die 8, so that temperature regulation and control are realized, the connection performance of the plate can be greatly improved, and the problems of high energy consumption and low heating efficiency caused by integral heating of the die are avoided. And a connecting piece consisting of the carbon fiber composite plate 7, the sandwich structure 6 and the aluminum alloy plate 5 is superposed on the lower die 11 and the female die 8. The blank holder 4 is arranged on the aluminum alloy plate to fix the position of the connecting piece and press the connecting piece, and the central axis of the blank holder 4 is superposed with the axis of the female die 8. An upper die punch is arranged on the upper layer of the center of the blank holder, the central axis of an upper die 3 is coincided with the axis of a blank holder 4, and an upper die heating rod 2 is connected with an alternating current power supply 1 through a three-phase high-power silicon controlled electronic voltage regulator.
A riveting-free stamping vibration connection method for a carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy material specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-laying of connector materials before connection:
as shown in fig. 3, the connector comprises a carbon fiber composite board laid on the bottom layer, an aluminum alloy board laid on the top layer and a sandwich structure arranged on the middle layer, the sandwich structure comprises a carbon fiber prepreg laying layer and a nano-scale aluminum powder layer, the structure of the 6 carbon fiber prepreg laying layers is 0 °/90 °/0 °/90 ° on the horizontal plane, and the top-down sequence is as follows: the carbon fiber prepreg paving device comprises a nanoscale aluminum powder layer, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 0 degree, a nanoscale aluminum powder layer, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 0 degree, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees, and a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees;
the laying mode of the carbon fiber prepreg laying layer is asymmetric orthogonal laying layer [0 degree n/90 degree n ] of a horizontal plane, the carbon fiber prepreg laying layer is of a bistable composite material structure, the sandwich structure of the carbon fiber prepreg laying layer can be stable and regular in two different stable states while the carbon fiber prepreg laying layer has bistable characteristics, the material can be ensured to be synchronous with the deformation of a metal material in the stamping connection process, a bonding point after the deformation is kept stable, the problem that the connection performance of the sandwich structure is influenced due to the fact that the resin content is low due to too few layers can be avoided, and the problem that the connection structure is unstable due to the fact that the sandwich structure is too thick can be. Meanwhile, the connection point can be kept in a stable state when bearing larger stress in the orthogonal direction.
As shown in fig. 1, the female die is fixed in the middle of the lower die, the connecting piece is placed on the upper surfaces of the lower die and the female die, in order to prevent displacement of the aluminum alloy plate caused by material deformation in the stamping connection process, the blank holder 4 is placed at a connecting point above the aluminum alloy plate 5, the blank holder 4 presses the connecting piece, the connecting piece can be fixed to be stationary, the central axis of the blank holder 4 is overlapped with the axis of the female die 8, the middle of the blank holder is an upper die punch, and the central axis of the upper die is overlapped with the;
s2, preheating and heat preservation:
connecting a lower die heating rod 9 with an alternating current power supply 10, heating a lower die 11 and a connecting piece, cutting off the alternating current power supply and preserving heat when the heating temperature reaches the curing temperature of a carbon fiber prepreg layer of a sandwich structure of the connecting piece and can soften a carbon fiber composite board to the maximum extent;
connecting an upper die heating rod 2 with an alternating current power supply 1, heating the upper die, and cutting off the alternating current power supply to keep the temperature when the heating temperature reaches the failure temperature of the carbon fiber composite board of the connecting piece and can soften the aluminum alloy plate to the maximum extent;
the upper die heating rod 2 and the lower die heating rod 9 are respectively started, and the upper die 3, the lower die 11 and the female die 8 are independently heated according to different plate forming temperatures, so that a temperature difference is formed between the upper die 3 and the lower die 11. And the lower die is heated to soften the carbon fiber composite board and simultaneously soften the resin in the carbon fiber prepreg, and the upper die punch is heated to promote the curing of the resin in the carbon fiber prepreg and the forming of the aluminum alloy board. After reaching the specified temperature, the power is cut off and the temperature is maintained.
S3, connection process:
as shown in fig. 2, the ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator 12 below the lower die is turned on, the upper die 3 moves downwards, the central axes of the upper die punch, the blank holder and the female die coincide, the upper die punch continues to move downwards after contacting the aluminum alloy plate 5 on the top layer, and the upper die extrudes the connecting piece, so that the aluminum alloy plate 5, the sandwich structure 6 and the carbon fiber composite plate 7 of the connecting piece are limited to flow outwards due to the existence of the blank holder 4 and the lower die 8. Therefore, the aluminum alloy plate 5, the sandwich structure 6 and the carbon fiber composite plate 7 can only deform in the female die 8, the aluminum alloy plate 5 is gradually embedded into the sandwich structure 6, the sandwich structure 6 is gradually embedded into the carbon fiber composite plate 7 due to compression deformation, the carbon fiber pre-impregnated layer of the sandwich structure is heated and softened, and a curing reaction is performed at a curing temperature, so that the carbon fiber composite plate, the aluminum alloy plate and the sandwich structure of the connecting piece are mechanically interlocked, and the rest parts of the connecting piece are kept flat and smooth due to the fact that the lower surface of the upper die 3 and the upper surfaces of the lower die base 11 and the female die 8. After the formation is completed, the upper die is moved upward away from the surface of the connecting piece, the blank holder is removed, the connecting piece is taken out, and the connecting process is terminated.
In the connection forming process, the upper die punch extrudes the connecting piece, under the action of the punching force, the aluminum alloy plate 5 is subjected to plastic deformation, the sandwich structure 6 and the carbon fiber composite plate 7 are deformed along with the conduction of the force, the softened carbon fiber prepreg is rearranged under the action of high-frequency oscillation and the punching force, and gaps between the deformed aluminum alloy plate 5 and the deformed carbon fiber composite plate 7 can be filled. The nano-scale aluminum powder and the softened resin are uniformly mixed under the action of the ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator 12 to form a coating. The resin flow and the nano-scale aluminum powder are filled in the gap of the fracture oxide film of the aluminum alloy plate 5 to form mutual hooking with the plate. In addition, the aluminum powder and the aluminum alloy plate are the same-polarity substances, so that the affinity is strong, and the combination of the sandwich structure and the aluminum alloy plate is tighter. Carbon fiber prepreg takes place curing reaction in the heating process, makes the deformation process more stable, and secondly, carbon fiber prepreg and carbon fiber composite board 7 are like nature material in sandwich structure 6, have promoted the connection ability between sandwich structure 6 and the carbon fiber composite board 7. The deformation and solidification enable materials among plates to be embedded into each other in the plastic flowing process, the material on the side of the upper die 3 is embedded into the material on the side of the female die 8, and the high-frequency vibration enables carbon fiber tows in the carbon fiber prepreg to be redistributed, so that the mutual connection is achieved.
Preferably, the upper die and the lower die are independently controlled in temperature, and different temperature adjustments can be made according to the thickness of different material plates, the thickness of a sandwich structure, the material difference of a connecting piece and the material forming condition. In the embodiment, the heating temperature of the lower die is 120 ℃, so that the carbon fiber composite board can be softened to the maximum extent, and the carbon fiber prepreg is ensured within the curing temperature range; the heating temperature of the upper die is 190 ℃, the temperature is the limit temperature before the carbon fiber composite board fails, the aluminum alloy board can be softened to the maximum extent, and when the temperature is higher than the limit temperature, the mass fraction of the carbon fiber board is reduced sharply, and the performance of the board is reduced obviously.
The upper die can adjust the corresponding stamping speed and stamping force according to the thickness of the material and the quality of the connection forming. The blank holder can make corresponding regulation according to different panel shaping thickness, with the blank holder power in the material forming process, and the die can make corresponding adjustment to the different shaping circumstances of tie point according to different board type shaping characteristics. The lower die can be replaced, different punching points can be matched, the punching point round holes can be matched and adjusted to form gaps with different sizes, and the punching point round holes can be suitable for testing the joint test of different plate layer thicknesses and different material lamination layers and high-flux joint.
As shown in fig. 4, the aluminum powder and the aluminum alloy are connected on the surface, as shown in fig. 5, the aluminum powder and the carbon fiber are connected on the surface, and it can be seen from the figure that the aluminum powder can be wrapped by the resin to realize connection, meanwhile, the tight combination of the aluminum powder and the aluminum alloy can increase the surface, so that the connectivity is improved, the aluminum powder can wrap the carbon fiber to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the contact surface with the resin in the connection process is improved.
In conclusion, the sandwich structure can obviously enhance the connecting capability of the carbon fiber composite material and the aluminum alloy plate. The nanoscale aluminum powder and the resin in the sandwich structure are promoted to be fully mixed through the oscillation effect of the ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator, the infiltration bonding capability of the resin and the aluminum alloy plate can be enhanced, and meanwhile, the carbon fiber prepreg in the sandwich structure and the carbon fiber composite plate are made of the same material, so that the infiltration bonding capability of the sandwich structure and the carbon fiber composite plate is enhanced. The ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator can promote the redistribution of the carbon fibers and the aluminum powder in the softened resin. Meanwhile, the vibration enables the aluminum powder to form better cladding with the resin, the strength of the sandwich structure is enhanced, and the bonding capability of the sandwich structure, the carbon fiber composite board and the aluminum alloy board is greatly improved.
According to actual needs, when the connection forming of other dissimilar materials is carried out, the composition of the sandwich structure is modified adaptively.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating but not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the above embodiments describe the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and any modifications and equivalents may fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A riveting-free stamping vibration connection method for a carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-laying of connector materials before connection:
the connecting piece is including laying in the carbon fiber composite sheet of bottom, laying in the sandwich structure in the aluminum alloy panel and the intermediate level of top layer, sandwich structure includes that 6 layers of carbon fiber prepreg spread layer and nanometer aluminium powder layer, and top-down is in proper order: the carbon fiber prepreg paving device comprises a nanoscale aluminum powder layer, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 0 degree, a nanoscale aluminum powder layer, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 0 degree, a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees, and a carbon fiber prepreg paving layer paved at 90 degrees;
the laying mode of the carbon fiber prepreg laying is an asymmetric orthogonal laying of a horizontal plane, the carbon fiber prepreg laying is of a bistable composite material structure, the sandwich structure of the carbon fiber prepreg laying can be in two stable and regular different stable states while having bistable characteristics, the material is ensured to be synchronous with the deformation of a metal material in the stamping connection process, and a bonding point after the deformation is kept stable, so that the problem that the connection performance of the sandwich structure is influenced due to the lower resin content caused by too few layers is avoided, the instability of the connection structure caused by the over-thick sandwich structure is reduced, and the stable state of the connection point can be kept when the connection point bears larger stress in the orthogonal direction is also met;
the female die of the die is fixed in the middle of the lower die, the connecting piece is placed on the upper surfaces of the female die and the lower die, the connecting piece is pressed by the blank holder, and the middle of the blank holder is provided with the upper die punch;
s2, preheating and heat preservation:
switching on a lower die heating rod and an alternating current power supply, heating the lower die and the connecting piece, cutting off the alternating current power supply and preserving heat when the heating temperature reaches the curing temperature of a carbon fiber prepreg layer of the interlayer structure of the connecting piece and the carbon fiber composite board can be softened to the maximum extent;
connecting an upper die heating rod with an alternating current power supply, heating the upper die, cutting off the alternating current power supply and preserving heat when the heating temperature reaches the failure temperature of the carbon fiber composite board of the connecting piece and can soften the aluminum alloy board to the maximum extent;
s3, connection process:
opening an ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator below a lower die, moving an upper die downwards, enabling the central axes of an upper die punch, a blank holder and a female die to coincide, enabling the upper die punch to continue moving downwards after contacting with an aluminum alloy plate at the top layer, extruding a connecting piece by the upper die, enabling the connecting piece to deform in the female die, embedding the aluminum alloy plate into a sandwich structure, embedding the sandwich structure into a carbon fiber composite plate under pressure, softening a carbon fiber prepreg layer of the sandwich structure by heating, performing curing reaction at a curing temperature, enabling the carbon fiber composite plate, the aluminum alloy plate and the sandwich structure of the connecting piece to be mechanically interlocked, moving the upper die upwards to leave the surface of the connecting piece after forming is completed, removing the blank holder;
the riveting-free stamping vibration connection method realizes the connection of dissimilar materials, and realizes the mechanical interlocking of plates by adding a middle sandwich structure, namely a connection layer; the method is characterized in that nanoscale aluminum powder is sprayed on an interlayer structure, the aluminum powder is redistributed at connecting points by utilizing the fluidity of resin in the curing process of carbon fiber prepreg in the interlayer structure through the oscillation action of an ultrasonic high-frequency vibrator, gaps generated by deformation of the plate are filled, meanwhile, the aluminum powder is wrapped by the resin and enters micropores on the surface of the aluminum alloy due to the extrusion action of an upper die and a lower die, the connecting strength of the plate is enhanced, and meanwhile, media are constructed between the aluminum alloy and the resin due to the fact that the aluminum powder and the aluminum alloy plate belong to the same material.
2. The carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material rivet-free stamping vibration connection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: go up the mould heating rod and be 6x60mm power 100W mould single-end electrothermal tube stainless steel 220V dry combustion method heating rod, the lower mould heating rod is 8x100mm power 200W mould single-end electrothermal tube stainless steel 220V dry combustion method heating rod, go up mould heating rod and lower mould heating rod and be connected with alternating current power supply through three-phase high-power silicon controlled rectifier electronic voltage regulator respectively.
3. The carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material rivet-free stamping vibration connection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower surface of the upper die, the upper surface of the lower die and the upper surface of the female die are smooth.
4. The carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material rivet-free stamping vibration connecting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the lower die can be replaced.
5. The carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material rivet-free stamping vibration connection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper die and the lower die can independently control the temperature and can be adjusted to different temperatures.
6. A die for realizing the riveting-free stamping vibration connection method of the carbon fiber composite material and the aluminum alloy material, which is described in any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: it includes ultrasonic high frequency oscillator, lower mould heating rod, die, goes up the mould, goes up mould heating rod and blank holder, ultrasonic high frequency oscillator is fixed in the below of lower mould, the die is fixed in the middle part of lower mould, the lower mould heating rod inserts in the heated hole of lower mould, the lower mould heating rod is connected with alternating current power supply, the connecting piece is placed to the upper surface of lower mould and die, the connecting piece top is the blank holder, the middle part of blank holder is the drift of last mould, the inside mould heating rod that is equipped with of drift of going up the mould, go up the mould heating rod with alternating current power supply connects, go up the mould heating rod, go up the axis coincidence of mould drift and blank holder.
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| CN110394993A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-01 | 燕山大学 | The non-porous stamping rubber riveting connection method of fiber composite layer plywood and attachment device |
| CN111659786B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-04-27 | 中南大学 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted electromagnetic lock welding device and method |
| CN112339306B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Necking processing preparation method of fiber-metal tube |
| CN114406110B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-12-16 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Pressure riveting method and pressure riveting device |
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