CN109693401B - Composite material pultrusion die, forming equipment and method thereof, profile and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite material pultrusion die, forming equipment and method thereof, profile and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109693401B CN109693401B CN201710989437.6A CN201710989437A CN109693401B CN 109693401 B CN109693401 B CN 109693401B CN 201710989437 A CN201710989437 A CN 201710989437A CN 109693401 B CN109693401 B CN 109693401B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/526—Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material pultrusion mould, a forming device and a method thereof, a section bar and application thereof, wherein the composite material pultrusion mould comprises: the mold body comprises a molding section which is a cavity with a uniform cross section, and the length of the molding section is less than or equal to 700 mm. The length of the molding section of the die body is less than or equal to 700 mm, the contact surface with the profile is small, the resistance to the profile is small, the pultrusion pulling force in the molding process is small, the internal stress in the profile is small, the straightness of the profile is good, the wall thickness is uniform, the surface quality is good, and further, one-die multi-cavity pultrusion is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material pultrusion, and particularly relates to a composite material pultrusion die, forming equipment and method, a profile and application thereof.
Background
The pultrusion process is to heat, cure and pultrude continuous glass fiber yarn, fabric, etc. soaked with glue solution under the action of traction force through a mold with equal section to produce continuously products with unlimited length. Currently, composite pultrusion dies are typically between 800 and 1200 mm in length, with 1000 mm long pultrusion dies being widely used.
Because the pultruded product must be heat cured in a die and then demolded in the die cavity and pulled out continuously. Therefore, the mold must have a heating molding section with a certain length, and the straightness requirement of the mold cavity surface is very high, otherwise, the product with the same section cannot be demolded due to the fluctuation of the straightness of the mold cavity surface, so that the existing mold is complex in processing, long in processing time period and high in processing cost, and especially for products with complex cavity sections, such as door and window molds, the parting section is complex, the parting blocks are more thin, so that the straightness of the mold is difficult to control, the manufacturing period of the mold is greatly prolonged, the straightness of the mold cavity is poor, the originally designed quick pultrusion is difficult to meet, the demolding is difficult or the demolding resistance is large, and the service life of the mold is greatly reduced.
The traditional long die pultrusion has the following main disadvantages:
1) The parting surfaces are more, so that the accumulated error in the processing and assembly is large;
2) The contact surface between the die cavity and the profile is large, the resistance to the profile is large, the internal stress in the profile is large in the forming process, and the profile is easy to deform, such as bending, uniform wall thickness and cloth, poor surface quality and the like;
3) The straightness and flatness requirements of the die are very high, the manufacturing period is long, and the cost is high;
4) The mold has many fastening screws, long assembly period and easy deformation;
5) The thickness of the die is large, otherwise, the die is easy to deform, so that the die has high cost and the heat transfer is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a composite material pultrusion die, forming equipment and a method thereof, a profile and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A composite pultrusion die, the composite pultrusion die comprising: the die body comprises a molding section which is a cavity with a uniform cross section, and the length of the molding section is less than or equal to 700 mm;
preferably, the section of the molding section of the mold body is of an asymmetric structure;
Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity of the molding section of the mold body is provided with a molding groove with a uniform cross section along the length direction, the depth of the molding groove is more than or equal to 2 mm, and the width of the molding groove is less than or equal to 40 mm.
The length of the molding section of the die body is less than or equal to 700 mm, the contact surface with the section bar is small, the resistance to the section bar is small, the internal stress in the section bar in the molding process is small, the straightness of the section bar is good, the wall thickness is uniform, the surface quality is good, the pultrusion pulling force is small, and one-die multi-cavity pultrusion is easy to realize.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the molding section with the cavity section of an asymmetric structure can manufacture sectional materials with various complex sectional shapes including simple symmetrical sectional shapes, and further, due to the fact that the mold is short, the scheme can manufacture an integral mold without a parting surface through processes such as wire cutting and the like, and the traditional integral pultrusion mold can only manufacture the cavity with the simple symmetrical sectional shapes in a boring mode.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the profile extruded by pulling is provided with a corresponding convex structure by arranging the forming grooves, so that the design requirement of the profile is met.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the following improvement can be made:
as a preferable scheme, the molding section cavity of the die body is of an integrated structure or the molding section cavity of the die body has no parting surface;
preferably, the cavity of the molding section of the mold body is cut by one or more of the following combinations: wire cutting, laser cutting, plasma cutting, flame cutting, high-pressure water jet cutting;
Preferably, the surface of the molding section cavity of the mold body is quenched or/and carburized or/and nitrided or/and chromed or/and nickel-plated alloy.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the cavity of the forming section of the die body disclosed by the invention has no parting surface, and accumulated errors in processing and assembly are eliminated.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the cavity of the forming section of the die body is cut and manufactured in various modes, so that the manufacturing period is short and the cost is low.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the surface of the molding section cavity of the die body is more convenient for the pultrusion of the composite material after being treated.
As a preferred scheme, the composite material pultrusion die further comprises a first through channel for impregnating fibers or connecting with the glue injection box, wherein the first through channel is arranged in front of the molding section;
Preferably, the cross-sectional dimension of the outlet of the first through passage is not smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the molding section;
Preferably, the first through passage has an inlet cross-sectional dimension greater than an outlet cross-sectional dimension thereof.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the arrangement of one of the first through channels can effectively ensure the fiber impregnation effect; secondly, yarn bundles coming out of the glue injection box can be guaranteed to enter a mold forming section for molding through gradual change ordered arrangement of the first through channels, and the risk of mold blockage of the yarn bundles during mold feeding of the mold forming section is effectively prevented.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the cross-sectional dimension of the outlet of the first through passage is not smaller than that of the molding section, so that enough liquid resin can enter the molding section.
With a further preferred solution, the first through passage has an inlet cross-sectional dimension greater than its outlet cross-sectional dimension, which is effective to exert a pressure on the liquid resin to ensure a better fiber impregnation.
As a preferable scheme, the length of the die body of the composite material pultrusion die is less than or equal to 700 mm;
Preferably, the cavity section of the die body is of an asymmetric structure;
Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity of the die body is provided with a uniform-section forming groove along the length direction, the depth of the forming groove is more than or equal to 2 mm, and the width of the forming groove is less than or equal to 40 mm.
The length of the die body is less than or equal to 700 mm, the contact surface with the profile is small, the resistance to the profile is small, the pultrusion pulling force in the forming process is small, the internal stress in the profile is small, the straightness of the profile is good, the wall thickness is uniform, the surface quality is good, and further, one-die multi-cavity pultrusion is easy to realize.
With a further preferred solution, the mould body with an asymmetrical cavity cross-section allows the manufacture of profiles of various complex cross-sectional shapes, including simple symmetrical cross-sectional shapes. Further, since the mold is short, this scheme can manufacture an integral mold without parting surfaces by a wire cutting process or the like. Whereas conventional integral pultrusion dies can only be used to manufacture simple symmetrical cross-sectional shape cavities by boring.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the profile extruded by pulling is provided with a corresponding convex structure by arranging the forming grooves, so that the product design requirement is met.
A composite pultrusion apparatus comprising: the device comprises a fiber storage device, a fiber guiding device, a fiber preforming device, a fiber dipping device, a composite material pultrusion die device, a clamping traction device and a profile cutting device, wherein the composite material pultrusion die device also comprises a composite material pultrusion die;
Preferably, the fiber impregnation device comprises a glue injection box, wherein the glue injection box comprises a closed second through channel, and the fibers are impregnated by liquid resin in the second through channel;
preferably, the inlet of the second through passage of the gum dipping fiber is larger than the outlet thereof;
Preferably, the fiber dipping device further comprises a glue injection machine, wherein the glue injection machine is used for injecting liquid resin into the glue injection box through a pipeline after metering the liquid resin;
Preferably, the glue injection box is arranged at the inlet end of the composite material pultrusion die, the outlet of the glue injection box is not smaller than the inlet of the composite material pultrusion die, the glue injection box and the die body of the composite material pultrusion die are of a split type structure, and the glue injection box is connected with the die body of the composite material pultrusion die through a connecting ring.
The composite material pultrusion equipment disclosed by the invention comprises the composite material pultrusion die, is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and can effectively pultrude the composite material.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the second through channel in the glue injection box is adopted for impregnating the fibers, so that the impregnating effect is better.
With a further preferred solution, the inlet of the second through passage of the gum dipping fiber is larger than the outlet thereof, which can effectively generate pressure on the liquid resin to ensure better fiber penetration.
By adopting a further preferable scheme, the glue injection machine can effectively inject liquid resin into the glue injection box through a pipeline after measuring the liquid resin.
By adopting a further preferred scheme, the split type structure is arranged between the glue injection box and the die body of the composite material pultrusion die, the glue injection box is connected with the die body of the composite material pultrusion die through the connecting ring, the connection of the connecting ring is more effective, and the connecting ring forms a resin-rich ring with liquid pressure, so that the fiber is further soaked.
As a preferred aspect, the composite pultrusion die apparatus further includes:
the die appearance frame is arranged on the periphery of the die body along the length direction of the die body;
The heating block is used for heating the die body;
A concave groove for installing a heating block is arranged between the die appearance frame and the die body.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the heating block can be hidden in the die appearance frame, so that the die can be fully utilized.
Preferably, the pultrusion composite forming apparatus further includes a cooling device for partially cooling the die body and/or cooling all or part of the injection molding box; the cooling device is independent from the die body or the glue injection box, or is a part of the die body or the glue injection box.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the cooling can be effectively realized, the resin temperature at the inlet of the glue injection box and the mould is reduced, and the glue injection box or the inlet of the mould is prevented from being blocked due to early gel.
The composite material pultrusion method utilizes composite material pultrusion equipment to carry out pultrusion, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The fiber storage device stores fibers;
2) After the fibers are arranged according to the requirements, pass through the fiber guiding device and pass through the fiber preforming device, continuously enter the fiber dipping device for dipping;
3) Then the mixture enters a composite material pultrusion die;
4) Heating the composite material pultrusion die;
5) Under the traction action of the clamping traction device, the impregnated fiber passes through a composite material pultrusion die and is heated, solidified and formed;
6) Clamping and pulling the section bar subjected to thermal curing forming to a cutting section to be cut by a section bar cutting device;
preferably, it comprises a partial cooling of the mould body and/or a complete or partial cooling of the glue injection box.
The composite material pultrusion method utilizes the composite material pultrusion equipment to carry out pultrusion, has simple steps and high molding speed, and the prepared sectional material meets the requirements better.
With further preference, the method is also effective to cool down the resin temperature at the inlet of the cartridge and mold to prevent them from prematurely gelling to block the cartridge or mold inlet.
The profile is prepared by a composite material pultrusion method, wherein the volume content of the fiber is more than or equal to 50% of the volume of the profile or the weight content of the fiber is more than or equal to 65% of the weight of the profile;
Preferably, the profile has no parting line.
The profile disclosed by the invention is prepared by adopting a composite material pultrusion die, has no parting line, is attractive in appearance and has high appearance size precision.
The door and window frame system is prepared by using the profile.
The door and window frame system disclosed by the invention is prepared from the sectional materials, has no parting line, high overall dimension precision, smaller fit clearance between the door and window frame system and other hardware parts, and is more tightly matched with a lockset and the like, so that the door and window frame system is more stable in structure and more attractive in whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is one of the cross-sectional views of a composite pultrusion die provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is one of longitudinal section views of a composite pultrusion die provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a second longitudinal section view of a composite pultrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a third cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a third longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is one of the cross-sectional views of a composite pultrusion die apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is one of the longitudinal section views of the composite pultrusion die apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a second cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a second longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a third cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a fourth cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a fifth cross-sectional view of a composite pultrusion die apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a long mold and a molding frame of the related art.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite material pultrusion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is an enlarged view of part a in fig. 15.
Wherein: the device comprises a composite material pultrusion die 1, a die body 11, a molding groove 12, a first through channel 13, a fiber storage device 2, a fiber guide device 3, a fiber preforming device 4, a fiber dipping device 5, a glue injection box 51, a second through channel 511, a connecting ring 52, a composite material pultrusion die device 6, a die profile frame 61, a mounting hole 611, a heating block 62, a molding die frame 63, a 64 avoiding hole, a clamping traction device 7, a profile cutting device 8 and a cooling device 9.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
To achieve the object of the present invention, in some of the embodiments of a composite pultrusion die, a forming apparatus and a method thereof, a profile and applications thereof, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a composite pultrusion die 1 comprises: the mold body 11, the mold body 11 contains a molding section and the molding section is a cavity with a uniform cross section, and the length of the molding section is less than or equal to 700 mm.
The length of the molding section of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 700 mm, the contact surface with the profile is small, the resistance to the profile is small, the pultrusion pulling force in the molding process is small, the internal stress in the profile is small, the straightness of the profile is good, the wall thickness is uniform, the surface quality is good, and further, one-die multi-cavity pultrusion is easy to realize.
Further, the length of the molding section of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 600 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the length of the molding section of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 500 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the length of the molding section of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 400 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the length of the molding section of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 300 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the section of the molding section of the mold body 11 is of an asymmetric structure, and the mold body of which the cavity section is of an asymmetric structure can manufacture various sectional shapes of complex sectional shapes including simple symmetric sectional shapes. Further, since the mold is short, this scheme can manufacture an integral mold without parting surfaces by a process such as wire cutting. Whereas conventional integral pultrusion dies can only be used to manufacture simple symmetrical cross-sectional shape cavities by boring.
Further, the cavity inner wall of the molding section of the mold body 11 is provided with a molding groove 12 with a uniform cross section along the length direction, the depth of the molding groove is more than or equal to 2mm, the width of the molding groove is less than or equal to 40 mm, and the setting of the molding groove 12 enables the extruded profile to have a corresponding convex structure, so that the molding groove meets the design requirement of products.
Further, the depth of the forming groove 12 is more than or equal to 4 mm, the width is less than or equal to 20 mm, and the prepared profile meets the requirements.
In order to further optimize the effect of the invention, in other embodiments, the remaining features are the same, except that a plurality of heating holes for the passage of hot oil are provided in the molding section of the mold body 11. The provision of heating holes facilitates more uniform heating of the profiled section of the mould body 11.
In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in other embodiments, the other feature techniques are the same, except that the molding section cavity of the mold body 11 is of an integral structure or the molding section cavity of the mold body 11 has no parting plane. The cavity of the molding section of the mold body 11 disclosed by the invention has no parting surface, and accumulated errors in processing and assembly are eliminated.
Further, the molding section cavity of the mold body 11 is cut by a combination of one or more of the following: wire cutting, laser cutting, plasma cutting, flame cutting, high-pressure water jet cutting. The cavity of the molding section of the mold body 11 is cut by various modes, and the manufacturing period is short and the cost is low.
Further, the surface of the molding section cavity of the mold body 11 is quenched or/and carburized or/and nitrided or/and chromed or/and nickel-plated alloy. The surface of the molding section cavity of the mold body 11 is treated to facilitate the pultrusion of the composite material.
In order to further optimize the effect of the invention, in other embodiments the remaining feature techniques are the same, except that the composite pultrusion die 1 also contains a first through passage 13 for impregnating the fibers or connecting the glue injection boxes, the first through passage 13 being arranged before the shaping station. After the section of the mold is shortened, the first through passage 13 can be directly machined at the inlet end of the original mold, so that the subsequent connection and coordination of the mold forming section 11 and the first through passage 13 can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the mold is reduced, and the fiber impregnation effect can be effectively ensured.
Further, the cross-sectional dimension of the outlet of the first through passage 13 is not smaller than that of the molding section, ensuring that sufficient liquid resin can smoothly enter the molding section.
Further, the fact that the first through passage 13 has an inlet cross-sectional dimension greater than its outlet cross-sectional dimension is effective to exert pressure on the liquid resin to ensure better fiber impregnation.
In order to further optimize the effect of the invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in other embodiments the remaining feature techniques are identical, except that the length of the die body 11 of the composite pultrusion die 1 is less than or equal to 700 mm. The length of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 700 mm, the contact surface with the profile is small, the resistance to the profile is small, the pultrusion pulling force is small, the internal stress in the profile in the forming process is small, the straightness of the profile is good, the wall thickness is uniform, the surface quality is good, and further, one-die multi-cavity pultrusion is easy to realize.
Further, the length of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 600 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the length of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 500 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the length of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 400 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the length of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 300 mm, the pultrusion effect is better, and the die is easier to process.
Further, the mold body 11 has an asymmetric cross section, and the mold body having an asymmetric cavity cross section can manufacture various complicated cross-sectional shapes including a simple symmetric cross-sectional shape. Further, since the mold is short, this scheme can manufacture an integral mold without parting surfaces by a wire cutting process or the like. Whereas conventional integral pultrusion dies can only be used to manufacture simple symmetrical cross-sectional shape cavities by boring.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, further, the mold body 11 is a unitary structure or the mold body 11 has no parting plane. The die body 11 disclosed by the invention has no parting surface, and accumulated errors in processing and assembly are eliminated.
Further, a uniform cross-section molding groove 12 along the length direction thereof is provided on the cavity inner wall of the die body 11. The provision of the profiled recess 12 provides the drawn-out profile with a corresponding projection arrangement which can be used as a mating arrangement with other components including hardware fittings.
Further, the depth of the forming groove 12 is not less than 2mm, the width is not more than 40 mm, and the extruded profile can be pulled to form a more fine and precise convex part.
Further, the depth of the forming groove 12 is not less than 4 mm, the width is not more than 20 mm, and the extruded profile can be pulled to form a more fine and precise convex portion.
In order to further optimize the effect of the invention, in other embodiments, the remaining features are the same, except that a plurality of heating holes for the passage of hot oil are provided in the mold body 11. The provision of heating holes facilitates more uniform heating of the die body 11.
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, a composite pultrusion apparatus includes: the device comprises a fiber storage device 2, a fiber guiding device 3, a fiber preforming device 4, a fiber dipping device 5, a composite material pultrusion die device 6, a clamping traction device 7 and a profile cutting device 8, wherein the composite material pultrusion die device 8 also comprises a composite material pultrusion die 1. The composite material pultrusion equipment disclosed by the invention comprises the composite material pultrusion die, is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and can effectively pultrude the composite material.
Further, the fiber impregnating device 5 includes the glue injection box 51, the glue injection box 51 includes the airtight second through passage 511, and the fiber is impregnated with the liquid resin in the second through passage 511, so that the impregnating effect is better.
Further, the inlet of the second through passage 511 of the dip fiber is larger than the outlet thereof, and pressure can be effectively applied to the liquid resin to ensure better fiber impregnation.
Further, the fiber impregnating device 5 further comprises a glue injecting machine, the glue injecting machine injects liquid resin into the glue injecting box 51 through a pipeline after metering, so that the dosage of the resin can be accurately matched with the speed of impregnating the fiber, the glue is not lacked, waste is not generated, the resin is fresh, and the uniformity of the performance of the profile can be guaranteed.
Further, the injecting glue box 51 is arranged at the inlet end of the composite material pultrusion mould 1, the outlet of the injecting glue box 51 is not smaller than the inlet of the composite material pultrusion mould 1, the injecting glue box 51 and the mould body 11 of the composite material pultrusion mould 1 are of a split type structure, the injecting glue box 51 and the mould body 11 of the composite material pultrusion mould 1 are connected through the connecting ring 52, the connection of the connecting ring 52 is more effective, and the connecting ring 52 forms a resin-rich ring with liquid pressure, so as to further help to saturate fibers.
Further, a backflow passage is formed in the connection ring 52, and resin at the connection ring 52 is reflowed to a portion near the inlet of the glue injection box 51 through a pipe, so that the resin is not easy to be solidified gradually at the connection ring 52 to block the connection ring 52.
Further, the inner structure of the connection ring 52 has a gradual change in cross section, the cross section of the inner structure of the connection ring 52 changes in the direction of the injection molding box 51 toward the mold body 11, and the cross section of the inner structure of the connection ring 52 changes from a cavity structure to the same structure as the cross section of the inner structure of the mold body 11. Ensuring that the liquid resin can flow into the internal structure of the die body 11 more stably and comprehensively.
To further optimize the effect of the present invention, in other embodiments, the remaining feature techniques are the same, except that as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the composite pultrusion die apparatus 6 further includes:
A die profile frame 61 mounted on the outer periphery of the die body 11 in the longitudinal direction thereof;
a heating block 62 for heating the die body 11;
a concave groove for mounting the heating block is provided between the mold outer frame 61 and the mold body 11.
The heating block 62 disclosed by the invention can be hidden in the die appearance frame 61, so that the die can be fully utilized. Because the mold of the invention is shorter, the mold section which can be used for heating is shorter, and the original mold shape is adopted, the core mold support frame and the mold support occupy more than 150 mm long mold parts, so that the part of the mold which can be actually used for installing the heating block is shortened. After the die appearance frame is adopted, the die section which can be used for heating is the length of the actual die, so that the die can be fully utilized.
The die body 11 in the composite pultrusion die apparatus 6 shown in fig. 7 and 8 is parting plane.
Whereas the die body 11 in the composite pultrusion die apparatus 6 shown in fig. 9 and 10 is free of parting surfaces, in fig. 9 the die body 11 is connected to the injection box 51 by means of the first through channel 13.
Further, the first through-passage 13 is provided with a return passage, and the resin at the first through-passage 13 is returned to a portion near the inlet of the injection molding box 51 through a pipe, so that the resin is not easy to be accumulated and gradually solidified at the first through-passage 13 to block the first through-passage 13.
Further, the internal structure of the first through passage 13 has a gradual change in cross section, the cross section of the internal structure of the first through passage 13 changes in the direction of the mold body 11 along the injection molding box 51, and the cross section of the internal structure of the first through passage 13 changes from a cavity structure to a structure identical to the cross section of the internal structure of the mold body 11. Ensuring that the liquid resin can flow into the internal structure of the die body 11 more stably and comprehensively.
Further, the inlet cavity of the first through passage 13 is not smaller than the outlet of the glue injection box 51, ensuring that the fiber bundles impregnated with resin smoothly enter the first through passage 13.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, further, a mounting hole 611 of a molding die frame is formed on the die-form frame 61, a molding die frame 63 is mounted on the die-form frame 61, and the molding die frame 63 is used for fixing or adjusting the fiber impregnation device. The mold profile frame 61 has mounting holes for the molding die frames 63, and the molding die frames 63 are mounted on the mold profile frame 61. After the mounting holes of the forming die carrier 63 are arranged on the die appearance frame 61, the forming die carrier can be directly fixed on the die appearance frame 61, so that the damage to the die strength caused by excessive mounting holes on the original die is avoided. As shown in fig. 14, a conventional long mold molding frame is directly mounted on a mold, which is supported by a mold table.
The die body 11 in the composite pultrusion die apparatus 6 shown in fig. 11 and 12 is parting plane.
While the die body 11 in the composite pultrusion die apparatus 6 shown in fig. 13 is free of parting surfaces.
Further, a heating block is also arranged between the fixed end of the forming die frame 63 connected with the die outline frame 61 and the pultrusion die body 11, so that the length of the heating section of the die is fully utilized, the length of the heating section can not be reduced because of the installation of the forming die frame 63, and the heating effect is better.
Further, a die temperature measurement avoiding hole 63 is formed in the die appearance frame 61, so that the actual temperature of the die can be conveniently measured.
To further optimize the effect of the invention, in other embodiments, the remaining features are the same, except that the pultrusion composite forming apparatus further includes cooling means 9 for partially cooling the die body 11 and/or for cooling all or part of the injection molding box 51; the cooling device 9 is independent of the mould body 11 or the glue cassette 51 as shown in fig. 7 and 9, or the cooling device is part of the mould body 11 or the glue cassette 51 as shown in fig. 1.
With the above preferred solution, cooling can be effectively achieved, lowering the resin temperature at the injection molding box 51 and the mold inlet, preventing them from prematurely gelling to block the injection molding box 51 or the mold inlet.
The composite material pultrusion method utilizes composite material pultrusion equipment to carry out pultrusion, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The fiber storage device 2 stores fibers;
2) After the fibers are arranged according to the requirements, pass through the fiber guiding device 3 and pass through the fiber preforming device 4, continuously enter the fiber dipping device 5 for dipping;
3) Then enters a composite material pultrusion die 1;
4) Heating the composite material pultrusion die 1;
5) Under the traction action of the clamping traction device 7, the impregnated fiber passes through the composite material pultrusion die 1 and is heated, solidified and formed;
6) The heated and solidified section bar is clamped and pulled to the cutting section to be cut by the section bar cutting device 8.
The composite material pultrusion method utilizes the composite material pultrusion equipment to carry out pultrusion, has simple steps and high molding speed, and the prepared sectional material meets the requirements better.
Further, including partial cooling of the mold body 11 and/or cooling of all or part of the injection molding box 51, the method may also be effective to cool, reducing the resin temperature at the injection molding box 51 and the mold inlet, preventing them from prematurely gelling to block the injection molding box 51 or the mold inlet.
The profile is prepared by a composite material pultrusion method, wherein the volume content of the fiber is more than or equal to 50% of the volume of the profile or the weight content of the fiber is more than or equal to 65% of the weight of the profile.
Further, the volume content of the fiber is more than or equal to 55 percent of the volume of the section bar or the weight content of the fiber is more than or equal to 70 percent of the weight of the section bar, the strength of the section bar is higher, and the cost is lower conversely.
Further, the volume content of the fiber is more than or equal to 60 percent of the volume of the section bar or the weight content of the fiber is more than or equal to 80 percent of the weight of the section bar, the strength of the section bar is higher, and the cost is lower.
Further, the profile is not provided with parting lines, the profile is higher in overall dimension precision, smoother in appearance and better in quality.
Further, the matrix resin of the profile is polyurethane, so that the strength of the profile is higher, the toughness is better, and the quality is better.
Further, the reinforcing fiber of the section bar is glass fiber, and the cost performance of the section bar is better.
Further, the deviation of the external dimension of the section is smaller than 0.5mm, and the dimension precision of the section is higher.
Further, the wall thickness deviation of the profile is smaller than 0.1mm, and the dimensional accuracy of the profile is higher.
Further, the straightness of the section bar is curvature smaller than 1mm per linear meter, and the quality of the section bar is better.
The door and window frame system is prepared by using the profile. The door and window frame system disclosed by the invention is prepared from the sectional materials, has no parting line, higher dimensional accuracy, small integral accumulated error of the door and window frame system, and more stable and attractive frame system, and the sectional materials and hardware are tightly matched.
The length of the molding section of the die body 11 is less than or equal to 700 mm, so that the die has the following effects:
① The die is simple to process, the original die with the length of 1 meter is easy to deform in the process of processing, the processing speed is low, and the processing is generally carried out by adopting a grinding machine, so that the cost is relatively high. The die processing after changing into the short die is simplified, and a plurality of processing methods can be adopted, and the original grinding machine process, the numerical control processing center, the linear cutting process and the like can be adopted. ② The demolding resistance of the product is reduced, the glass fiber content of the product can be increased, so that the conditions of adhering the resin to the mold groove angle and the plane are greatly reduced, the strength of the product can be improved by increasing the fiber content, the resin usage amount can be reduced, and the raw material cost of the product is reduced. The demolding resistance is small, the internal stress generated by the demolding resistance is relieved, the straightness of the product after demolding is more stable, and the improvement of the product qualification rate is facilitated. The demolding resistance is small, the abrasion condition of the mold is slowed down, and the service life is greatly prolonged. The small demoulding resistance is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the equipment and the maintenance cost of the equipment. ③ The original mould with the length of about 1 meter can be processed, and the mould is used for two times, so that the manufacturing cost of the mould is greatly reduced.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and improvements could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A composite pultrusion apparatus comprising: the device comprises a fiber storage device, a fiber guiding device, a fiber preforming device, a fiber dipping device, a composite material pultrusion die device, a clamping traction device and a profile cutting device, and is characterized in that the composite material pultrusion die device also comprises a composite material pultrusion die;
The composite pultrusion die includes: the die comprises a die body, wherein the die body comprises a molding section, the molding section is a cavity with a uniform cross section, and the length of the molding section is less than or equal to 700 mm;
the section of the molding section of the die body is of an asymmetric structure;
the inner wall of the cavity of the forming section of the die body is provided with a uniform-section forming groove along the length direction, the depth of the forming groove is more than or equal to 2 mm, and the width of the forming groove is less than or equal to 40 mm;
the fiber impregnating device comprises a glue injection box, wherein the glue injection box comprises a closed second through channel, and the fiber is impregnated by liquid resin in the second through channel;
the inlet of the second through channel of the gum dipping fiber is larger than the outlet thereof;
The fiber dipping device further comprises a glue injection machine, wherein the glue injection machine is used for injecting liquid resin into the glue injection box through a pipeline after metering the liquid resin;
The glue injection box is arranged at the inlet end of the composite material pultrusion die, the outlet of the glue injection box is not smaller than the inlet of the composite material pultrusion die, a split type structure is arranged between the glue injection box and the die body of the composite material pultrusion die, and the glue injection box is connected with the die body of the composite material pultrusion die through a connecting ring;
the connecting ring is provided with a backflow channel, and resin at the connecting ring is reflowed to a part close to the inlet of the glue injection box through a pipeline;
The connecting ring internal structure is provided with a gradual change section, the section of the connecting ring internal structure is changed along the direction from the glue injection box to the die body, and the section of the connecting ring internal structure is changed from a cavity structure to a structure which is the same as the section of the die body internal structure.
2. The composite pultrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein the die body has a molding section cavity of unitary construction or the die body has no parting surface;
The molding section cavity of the die body is cut and manufactured by the combination of one or more of the following modes: wire cutting, laser cutting, plasma cutting, flame cutting, high-pressure water jet cutting;
The surface of the molding section cavity of the die body is quenched or/and carburized or/and nitrided or/and chromed or/and nickel-plated alloy.
3. The composite pultrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein the composite pultrusion die further includes a first through passage for impregnating fibers or connecting to an injection molding box, the first through passage being disposed before the molding section;
The cross section size of the outlet of the first through passage is not smaller than that of the molding section;
the first through passage has an inlet cross-sectional dimension that is greater than an outlet cross-sectional dimension thereof.
4. A composite pultrusion apparatus according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the length of the die body of the composite pultrusion die is less than or equal to 700 mm;
the cavity section of the die body is of an asymmetric structure;
the inner wall of the cavity of the die body is provided with a molding groove with a uniform cross section along the length direction, the depth of the molding groove is more than or equal to 2 mm, and the width of the molding groove is less than or equal to 40 mm.
5. The composite forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein the composite pultrusion die arrangement further comprises:
the die appearance frame is arranged on the periphery of the die body along the length direction of the die body;
the heating block is used for heating the die body;
A concave groove for installing the heating block is arranged between the die appearance frame and the die body.
6. The pultrusion composite forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising cooling means for partially cooling the die body and/or cooling all or part of the injection molding box; the cooling device is independent from the die body or the glue injection box, or is a part of the die body or the glue injection box.
7. A method of pultrusion of a composite material, characterized in that the pultrusion of the composite material according to any of the claims 1-6 is performed by means of a composite material pultrusion device, comprising in particular the steps of:
1) The fiber storage device stores fibers;
2) After the fibers are arranged according to the requirements, pass through the fiber guiding device and pass through the fiber preforming device, continuously enter the fiber dipping device for dipping;
3) Then the mixture enters a composite material pultrusion die;
4) Heating the composite material pultrusion die;
5) Under the traction action of the clamping traction device, the impregnated fiber passes through a composite material pultrusion die and is heated, solidified and formed;
6) Clamping and pulling the section bar subjected to thermal curing forming to a cutting section to be cut by a section bar cutting device;
including partial cooling of the mold body and/or cooling of all or part of the glue injection cartridge.
8. The profile is characterized in that the profile is prepared by the composite material pultrusion method according to claim 7, wherein the volume content of fibers is more than or equal to 50% of the volume of the profile or the weight content of fibers is more than or equal to 65% of the weight of the profile;
The profile has no parting line.
9. Door and window frame system, characterized in that it is manufactured by means of the profile according to claim 8.
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| CN201710989437.6A CN109693401B (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | Composite material pultrusion die, forming equipment and method thereof, profile and application thereof |
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| CN201710989437.6A CN109693401B (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | Composite material pultrusion die, forming equipment and method thereof, profile and application thereof |
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| CN117261295B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-04-05 | 南通久盛新材料科技有限公司 | Traction device for glass fiber reinforced plastic pultruded profile |
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