CN109687675B

CN109687675B - Doubly salient motor with axial structure

Info

Publication number: CN109687675B
Application number: CN201811572232.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴德平; 严仰光
Original assignee: Suzhou DSM Green Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou DSM Green Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-21
Filing date: 2018-12-21
Publication date: 2020-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-21
Also published as: CN109687675A

Abstract

The invention relates to a doubly salient motor with an axial structure, which comprises a disc stator, a disc rotor, a motor rotating shaft, an armature winding and an excitation winding, wherein the number of the disc stator and the number of the disc rotor in the motor are respectively one, the disc stator comprises a stator yoke and stator poles on two sides of the stator yoke, a central pole 7 is arranged in the center of the disc stator, the excitation winding is sleeved on the central pole 7, the disc stator and the disc rotor are oppositely and axially arranged to form an axial magnetic circuit, and the disc rotor has no winding. Because the rotor disc is not provided with the winding and the commutator, the whole rotor disc can be formed by one-time die casting, the process is mature and simple, the outer diameter of the stator and the rotor is large, the pole width is also large, the power density is high, the torque and the power density are greatly increased compared with a double-salient motor with a radial structure, and the rotor disc is suitable for being made into a disc-shaped brushless direct current motor or a generator with an axial structure.

Description

Doubly salient motor with axial structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a doubly salient motor with an axial structure.

Background

The doubly salient motor has the characteristics of no winding on a rotor, simple structure and suitability for high-speed operation, so that the doubly salient motor becomes a new research direction in the fields of alternating current motors and control of the alternating current motors after the switched reluctance motor. The electric excitation double salient pole motor is a product developed on the basis of a switched reluctance motor and a permanent magnet double salient pole motor, has the advantages of the switched reluctance motor and the permanent magnet double salient pole motor, and replaces a permanent magnet structure of the motor with electric excitation, so that the motor structure and the manufacturing process are very simple, the reliability is high, the cost is low, and the electric excitation double salient pole motor is particularly suitable for high-speed operation.

At present, doubly salient motors or generators used at home and abroad are all composed of rotors and stators with radial structures, and the prior patent CN1099155C discloses a doubly salient brushless direct current generator which is characterized in that structurally, the rotors rotate inside the stators, radial magnetic circuits are generated through radial air gaps, the length of iron cores of the rotors and the stators needs to be increased when output torque or power needs to be increased, the manufacturing process requirement is high, and the axial size of a machine body is larger. The existing chinese CN101183804 discloses a three-phase external rotor electro-magnetic doubly salient wind turbine, wherein the stator of the wind turbine is located inside the rotor, the outer diameter is small, a radial magnetic circuit is generated through a radial air gap, and the wind turbine is mostly suitable for low-speed applications. When the motor or the generator is applied at low rotating speed, the power density is high, but the whole mechanical structure is complex, and the stator of the motor or the generator is difficult to dissipate heat due to small heat dissipation area. Prior patent CN207150326U discloses an asymmetric excitation stator stagger angle doubly salient motor, wherein specifically disclosed motor shaft, two sets of salient pole stators, two sets of salient pole rotors, stator windings, cover in motor shaft's magnetic conductive material and central electric excitation coil, but this utility model adopts two sets of salient machine stators to increase the torque based on the torque superposition principle, reduce its torque ripple.

In summary, there is an urgent need to design a double salient-pole motor with high power density, simple structure and manufacturing process, good reliability and low cost, which is suitable for being made into a disk shape.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a brushless direct current motor or a generator which has a simpler structure, high power density, good reliability and a simple manufacturing process and is suitable for being made into a disc-shaped axial structure. The following technical scheme is adopted specifically:

the utility model provides an axial structure doubly salient motor, includes disk stator, disk rotor, motor shaft, armature winding and excitation winding, its characterized in that, disk stator and disk rotor's quantity respectively has one in the motor, disk stator includes the stator pole of stator yoke, stator yoke both sides, the cover is equipped with armature winding on the stator pole, disk stator central authorities set up stator center pole 7, the cover is equipped with excitation winding on the stator center pole 7, disk rotor does not have the winding, disk stator and disk rotor face are relative, the axial installation, form axial magnetic circuit.

Specifically, the disk rotor has no winding and is composed of three parts, including a rotor yoke, rotor poles on both sides of the rotor yoke, and a rotor center pole 8 corresponding to the position of the stator center pole 7.

Preferably, the stator center pole 7 and the rotor center pole 8 are both annular cylindrical structures.

Preferably, armature windings of the two opposite stator poles are connected in series in the forward direction to form a phase, so that three-phase windings are formed, and the output torque is controlled through IGBT chopping or direct current is generated through a diode rectifying circuit.

Specifically, the disc stator and the disc rotor are both formed by die-casting a ferrous powder core material.

Specifically, the stator poles are in a fan-shaped columnar structure and are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, and the distribution interval is 360 degrees/6N, wherein 6N is the number of disc-type stator poles, and N is 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Specifically, the rotor poles on both sides of the rotor yoke are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, and the distribution interval is 360 degrees/4N, wherein 4N is the number of disc rotor poles, and N is 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Specifically, the armature windings on the stator poles are sleeved directly onto each stator pole from the axial direction, and are fixed in the stator yoke.

Specifically, the armature winding is in a concentrated winding form and is wound on the stator pole.

On the other hand, the excitation winding can also be wound along the radial direction of the surface of the disk stator along the diameter and transversely, and is wound around the central pole 7 of the stator and fixed at the middle part of the stator disk.

The basic working principle of the motor is that when constant current is conducted to an excitation winding, magnetic flux generated by the excitation winding passes through an air gap between central poles of a stator and a rotor, and then forms a loop through a rotor pole, a stator pole and the air gap between the rotor pole and the stator pole to generate counter electromotive force, so that tangential magnetic force is generated along the disk surface. When the load torque is changed, the required torque output can be provided by adjusting the armature current magnitude and phase, or when the rotation speed is changed, the constant voltage power generation output can be maintained by adjusting the current magnitude of the field winding, and the like.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, because the rotor disc is not provided with the winding and the commutator, the whole rotor disc can be formed by one-time die casting, and the process is mature and simple;

the winding on the stator can be directly installed and fixed in the stator yoke from the axial direction, the excitation winding and the armature winding are completely separated, and the whole wire embedding process is simple and reliable and is suitable for full-automatic operation;

the stator and the rotor of the motor have large outer diameter and large width, so that the power density is high, and the torque and the power density are greatly increased compared with a double salient motor with a radial structure;

and fourthly, the motor has wide application prospect in the field of hub motor application, has the advantage of low-speed and high-torque starting current, is particularly used as a direct-current generator for a vehicle-mounted range-extending power generation system, directly replaces an engine flywheel with a disc-shaped rotor, has smaller flat disc-shaped installation size of the whole motor, and has more important significance.

Drawings

FIG. 1(a) is a schematic structural view of a doubly salient motor rotor with an axial structure; FIG. 1(b) is a schematic structural view of a doubly salient motor stator with an axial structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a doubly salient motor with an axial structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electrical connections for an axial structure doubly salient machine for use as a generator;

fig. 4 is an electrical connection diagram of a doubly salient motor with an axial structure as a driving motor.

The motor comprises a rotor, a stator, a rotor and a rotor, wherein 1-rotor pole, 2-disc rotor, 3-stator pole, 4-armature winding, 5-excitation winding, 6-disc stator, 7-stator center pole, 8-rotor center pole and 9-motor rotating shaft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

Example 1

The utility model provides an axial structure doubly salient motor, includes disk stator 6, disk rotor 2, motor shaft 9, armature winding 4 and excitation winding 5, armature winding 4 adopts concentrated winding form, directly overlaps to every stator pole from the axial, fixes in the stator yoke, respectively there is one in the motor quantity of disk stator 6 and disk rotor 2, disk rotor 2 does not have the winding, disk stator 6 includes the stator pole of stator yoke, stator yoke both sides, disk stator 6 central authorities set up stator center pole 7, the cover is equipped with excitation winding 5 on stator center pole 7, disk stator and disk rotor are formed by iron powder core material die-casting. As shown in fig. 1(b), the stator poles are in a fan-shaped columnar structure and are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, the distribution interval is one stator pole pitch 360 °/6, the stator pole width is consistent with the pole pitch, as shown in fig. 1(a), the rotor poles on both sides of the rotor yoke are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, the distribution interval is one rotor pole pitch 360 °/4,

as shown in fig. 2, the disc rotor 2 has no winding, and is composed of three parts, including a rotor yoke, rotor poles at two sides of the rotor yoke, and a rotor center pole 8 corresponding to the position of the stator center pole 7, wherein the stator center pole 7 and the rotor center pole 8 are both in an annular columnar structure, and the disc stator 6 and the disc rotor 2 are installed in an opposite and axial direction to form an axial magnetic circuit.

Armature windings 4 on two opposite poles of the stator are connected in series in the positive direction to form a phase, and three-phase windings of A-X, B-Y and C-Z are formed. In generator applications, see fig. 3, the three-phase winding delivers a constant direct current through a diode rectifier circuit. In motor applications, see fig. 4, the three-phase winding is controlled by the IGBT array to produce a torque output.

The basic working principle of the magnetic field generator is that when the field winding 5 is electrified with constant current, the generated magnetic flux passes through an air gap at the central part of a stator and a rotor and then forms a loop through the rotor pole, the stator pole and the air gap between the rotor pole and the stator pole to generate counter electromotive force, and tangential magnetic force is generated along the disk surface. When the load torque is changed, a required torque output can be provided by adjusting the armature current magnitude and phase, or when the rotation speed is changed, a constant voltage power generation output can be maintained by adjusting the current magnitude of the field winding 5, and the like.

Example 2

Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is that in the embodiment, the excitation winding 5 is wound along the radial direction of the surface of the disc type stator along the diameter transverse direction, and the winding stator center pole 7 is sleeved on the middle part of the stator disc.

The above description is only an example of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A doubly salient motor with an axial structure comprises a disc stator, a disc rotor, a motor rotating shaft, an armature winding and an excitation winding, and is characterized in that the number of the disc stator and the number of the disc rotor in the motor are respectively one, the disc stator comprises a stator yoke and stator poles on two sides of the stator yoke, the armature winding is sleeved on each stator pole, a stator center pole (7) is arranged in the center of the disc stator, the excitation winding is sleeved on each stator center pole (7), the disc rotor has no winding, and the disc stator and the disc rotor are oppositely arranged and coaxially mounted to form an axial magnetic circuit; the armature winding is in a concentrated winding form and is wound on the stator pole; the excitation winding is directly sleeved on a stator center pole (7) from the axial direction and fixed in a stator yoke; the disc rotor consists of three parts, including a rotor yoke, rotor poles at two sides of the rotor yoke and a rotor center pole (8) corresponding to the position of the stator center pole (7); the stator center pole (7) and the rotor center pole (8) are both in annular columnar structures; armature windings of the two opposite stator poles are connected in series in the forward direction to form a phase, a three-phase winding is formed, and the output torque is controlled through IGBT chopping or direct current is generated through a diode rectifying circuit; the rotor pole outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the disc rotor;

when the excitation winding is electrified with constant current, the generated magnetic flux passes through an air gap at the central part of the stator and the rotor, and then forms a loop through the rotor pole, the stator pole and the air gap between the rotor pole and the stator pole to generate counter electromotive force and generate tangential magnetic force along the disc surface; when the load torque is changed, the required torque output is provided by adjusting the armature current magnitude and phase, or when the rotating speed is changed, the constant voltage power generation output is maintained by adjusting the current magnitude of the exciting winding.

2. The doubly salient axial structure motor of claim 1, wherein said disc stator and said disc rotor are each die cast of a powdered iron core material.

3. The doubly salient axial structure motor of claim 1, wherein the stator poles are in a fan-shaped cylindrical structure and are equally spaced along the circumference at a stator pole pitch of 360 °/6N, where 6N is the number of disc stator poles and N is 1, 2, 3, 4.

4. The doubly salient electric machine of claim 1, wherein the rotor poles on both sides of the rotor yoke are equally circumferentially spaced, with a rotor pole pitch of 360 ° 4N, where 4N is the number of disk rotor poles, and N is 1, 2, 3, 4.

5. The doubly salient axial structure machine of claim 1, wherein the armature windings on said stator poles are sleeved directly from the axial direction onto each stator pole and fixed in the stator yoke by glue.