CN109683073B - High-voltage direct-current voltage withstand test discharging method - Google Patents

High-voltage direct-current voltage withstand test discharging method Download PDF

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CN109683073B
CN109683073B CN201910135651.4A CN201910135651A CN109683073B CN 109683073 B CN109683073 B CN 109683073B CN 201910135651 A CN201910135651 A CN 201910135651A CN 109683073 B CN109683073 B CN 109683073B
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discharge
voltage
discharging
current
test
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CN109683073A (en
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陈章山
郭洪英
许荔娟
丁苏
张一航
郑燕敏
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Fujian Transmission And Distribution Engineering Co
State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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Fujian Transmission And Distribution Engineering Co
State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for discharging in a high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test, which comprises the steps of providing a discharging device and tested electrical equipment, firstly collecting parameters of the direct-current withstand voltage test of the tested electrical equipment, and calculating the discharging time t when the test voltage of the tested electrical equipment is reduced to 1000V; then assembling, adjusting and simulating the discharging device, controlling the sliding trolley to move through the operating rod, enabling the discharging guide rod to be in contact with the tested electrical equipment, and discharging through the discharging resistor; finally, monitoring the discharge current through a discharge current detection module, adjusting the discharge resistance value to enable the discharge current to reach a preset value, and finishing the discharge of the tested electrical equipment when the discharge current is 0; the invention can be assembled and adjusted quickly according to the needs of the site, the operation is safe and reliable, and the test efficiency is improved.

Description

High-voltage direct-current voltage withstand test discharging method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical engineering tests, in particular to a high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test discharging method.
Background
In the electrical installation engineering, after the direct current cable is completely installed, in order to ensure the safe operation of the system, a handover test must be carried out before commissioning, wherein the main project is the direct current withstand voltage test of the cable, which is an effective method for testing the capability of a tested product for bearing various overvoltage, and has important significance for ensuring the safe operation of equipment.
The direct current withstand voltage test refers to: a dc voltage higher than the overvoltage value that may be encountered in operation is applied to the test piece for a period of time to check the insulation level of the device. The direct-current voltage withstand test can better simulate the voltage bearing condition of the tested article in actual operation, and can effectively find some local defects of the tested article; and because the wiring and the operation are simpler, the test device is a common test item.
At present, the discharge mode after the direct current withstand voltage of the electrical equipment mainly comprises:
the method comprises the following steps: the special discharging rod is suitable for small-capacity and low-voltage discharging, but is greatly influenced by different voltage levels and discharging capacities in high-voltage and large-capacity discharging tests, is difficult to operate on site, has long discharging time and has certain potential safety hazard.
The second method comprises the following steps: the discharge is first carried out through a resistor voltage divider to 70% of test voltage and then through a water resistor.
Analysis shows that when the voltage divider discharges to 70% of test voltage, the resistance of the water resistor is unstable during discharging, the heat capacity is poor, and the resistance cannot be adjusted along with the change of the discharge voltage. The discharge time is long.
The third method comprises the following steps: the discharge was first made through a resistor divider to 70% of the test voltage and then discharged through wet wood or wet tree branches.
Analysis shows that the voltage divider is used for self-discharging to 70 percent of test voltage, the discharging time is long, moist branches or wood are unstable during discharging, and the operation safety is poor.
Therefore, the method for discharging after the direct-current withstand voltage of the high-voltage and large-capacity tested electrical equipment is deeply researched and a solving method is found, and the method has certain theoretical significance and practical significance.
According to practical engineering experience, the best method for discharging after the direct-current voltage withstand test of the high-capacity and high-voltage electrical equipment is to develop a simple and easy discharging device based on the existing discharge impedance technology with reliable performance and combining various voltage grades and structures of different equipment on site, wherein the discharging device can be combined and applied according to the site requirements, so that the safety and reliability of the discharging test are improved, the discharging time is greatly shortened, and the test efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for discharging in a high voltage dc voltage withstand test, which can be assembled and adjusted quickly according to the needs of the field, and has safe and reliable operation and improved test efficiency.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: a method for discharging in a high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test is provided, a discharging device and tested electrical equipment are provided, the discharging device comprises a discharging module, an adjusting device, a sliding trolley, a sliding track for placing the sliding trolley and an insulating operating rod for pushing the sliding trolley to advance; the detection control module is provided with a discharge current detection module, and the discharge current detection module is connected with the adjusting device through a lead and is used for monitoring discharge current; the sliding trolley is provided with an insulating telescopic rod capable of vertically stretching; the discharging module is formed by connecting a plurality of discharging resistors in series, and each group of discharging resistors is connected with the adjusting device through a lead; the adjusting device is also connected with an external remote control motor; the insulation telescopic rod is provided with a rotatable discharge guide rod, and the discharge guide rod is connected with the adjusting device through a wire; the tested electrical equipment comprises a direct-current high-voltage generator and a direct-current high-voltage generator grading ring arranged on the direct-current high-voltage generator; a test lead is arranged on the DC high-voltage generator grading ring;
the discharge method of the discharge device comprises the following steps:
step S1, providing the DC withstand voltage value of the tested electric device, the capacitance value C of the tested electric device and the test voltage U of the tested electric devicefAnd discharge capacity WC
Step S2, according to the test voltage U of the tested electrical equipmentfAnd discharge capacity WCCalculating a test voltage U from the electrical device under testfThe discharge time t when the voltage is reduced to 1000V; discharge time passing formula
Figure GDA0002823180120000021
Calculating; wherein, UCThe voltage of the tested electrical equipment is represented, and R represents a discharge resistor;
step S3, assembling, adjusting and simulating the discharge device;
step S4, after the tested electrical equipment is subjected to direct current voltage withstand, the insulating operation rod is operated to push the sliding trolley to move forward so as to enable the discharge guide rod to be in contact with the equalizing ring of the direct current high voltage generator and start to discharge through discharge impedance;
step S5, monitoring the discharge current by the discharge current detection module in the discharge process, and adjusting the discharge impedance by controlling the adjusting device to make the discharge current reach a preset value
Figure GDA0002823180120000022
Step S6, when the residual voltage of the tested electrical equipment is lower than 1000V, discharging through grounding short circuit directly; and when the discharge current is 0, finishing the discharge of the tested electric equipment.
Further, the resistance value of each group of discharge resistors can be adjusted.
Furthermore, each group of discharge resistors is formed by connecting a plurality of discharge resistors fixed on one metal disc in parallel through bolts.
Further, the simulation operation in step S3 is specifically:
the adjusting device is connected with the discharge guide rod through a lead; adjusting the height of the insulating telescopic rod to be consistent with that of the DC high-voltage generator grading ring and screwing a fixing screw, adjusting the angle of the discharge guide rod to be capable of being in contact with the DC high-voltage generator grading ring, arranging the sliding guide rail and the sliding trolley towards the direction of the DC high-voltage generator, and enabling the sliding trolley to be pushed to slide towards the tested electrical equipment through the insulating operating rod, wherein the sliding distance is not less than the length of the insulating telescopic rod; and after the simulation operation is finished, controlling the distance between the sliding trolley and the direct-current high-voltage generator to be not less than the length of the insulating telescopic rod.
Further, the insulating operation rod is a structure capable of horizontally extending and contracting.
Furthermore, the adjusting device is an insulating spiral strut capable of vertically extending and retracting, and a short-circuit sliding block is arranged on the insulating spiral strut; the external remote control motor drives the insulating spiral strut to lift the short-circuit sliding block to short-circuit different discharge resistors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can be assembled and adjusted quickly according to the needs of the site, has safe and reliable operation, greatly shortens the discharge time and improves the test efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a discharge resistor 1, a metal disc 2, a grounding bolt 3, a fixed metal chassis 4, a wire 5, an adjusting device 6, a discharge current detection module 7, a detection control module 8, a wire 9, a discharge guide rod 10, an insulation telescopic rod 11, a fixing screw 12, a sliding trolley 13, a sliding guide rail 14, an insulation operating rod 15, a direct current high voltage generator equalizing ring 16, a direct current high voltage generator 17 and a test lead 18.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for discharging in a high voltage direct current withstand voltage test, which provides a discharging device and an electrical device to be tested, where the discharging device includes a discharging module, an adjusting device 6, a sliding trolley 13, a sliding guide rail 14 for placing the sliding trolley, and an insulating operating rod 15 for pushing the sliding trolley to advance; the detection control module 8 is provided with a discharge current detection module 7, and the discharge current detection module 7 is connected with the adjusting device 6 through a lead and is used for monitoring discharge current; the sliding trolley is provided with an insulating telescopic rod 11 which can vertically extend and retract; the discharging module is formed by connecting a plurality of discharging resistors in series, and each group of discharging resistors is connected with the adjusting device 6 through a lead 5; the adjusting device 6 is also connected with an external remote control motor; a rotatable discharge guide rod 10 is arranged on the insulating telescopic rod 11, and the discharge guide rod 10 is connected with the adjusting device 6 through a lead 9; the tested electrical equipment comprises a direct-current high-voltage generator 17 and a direct-current high-voltage generator grading ring 16 arranged on the direct-current high-voltage generator 17; a test lead 18 is arranged on the DC high-voltage generator grading ring 16;
the discharge method of the discharge device comprises the following steps:
step S1, providing the DC withstand voltage value of the tested electric device, the capacitance value C of the tested electric device and the test voltage U of the tested electric devicefAnd discharge capacity WC
Step S2, according to the test voltage U of the tested electrical equipmentfAnd discharge capacity WCCalculating a test voltage U from the electrical device under testfThe discharge time t is less than or equal to 30min when the voltage is reduced to 1000V; the condition satisfied by the calculation is that the rated voltage of the discharge device is not less than the test voltage U of the tested electrical equipmentf(ii) a Discharge time passing formula
Figure GDA0002823180120000041
Calculating; wherein, UCThe voltage of the tested electric equipment is shown, and R is a discharge resistor;
step S3, assembling, adjusting and simulating the discharge device;
step S4, after the tested electrical equipment is subjected to direct current voltage withstand, the insulating operation rod 15 is operated to push the sliding trolley 13 to move forward so as to enable the discharge guide rod 10 to be in contact with the direct current high voltage generator grading ring 16 and start to discharge through discharge impedance;
step S5, monitoring the discharge current by the discharge current detection module in the discharge process, and adjusting the discharge impedance by controlling the adjusting device to make the discharge current reach a preset value
Figure GDA0002823180120000042
Step S6, when the residual voltage of the tested electrical equipment is lower than 1000V, discharging through grounding short circuit directly; and when the discharge current is 0, finishing the discharge of the tested electric equipment.
In this embodiment, the resistance of each discharge resistor can be adjusted.
In this embodiment, each group of discharge resistors is formed by connecting a plurality of discharge resistors 1 fixed on a metal disc 2 in parallel through bolts.
In this embodiment, the simulation operation in step S3 specifically includes:
in this embodiment, the adjusting device is an insulating spiral strut capable of vertically extending and retracting, and a short-circuit slider is arranged on the insulating spiral strut; the external remote control motor drives the insulating spiral strut to lift the short-circuit sliding block to short-circuit different discharge resistors.
Fixing a plurality of discharge resistors 1 with a metal disc 2 by using bolts, and connecting the discharge resistors in series to form a discharge module; each disc on the discharging module is connected with an adjusting contact of an adjusting device 6 through a corresponding lead 5, the short-circuit slider is adjusted to a zero position and grounded, and the adjusting device 6 is connected with the discharging guide rod 10 through a lead 9; the height of the adjustable insulating telescopic rod 11 is adjusted to be consistent with that of the DC high-voltage generator grading ring 16, a fixing screw 12 is screwed, the angle of the discharge guide rod 10 is adjusted to be capable of being reliably contacted with the DC high-voltage generator grading ring 16, and the sliding guide rail 14 and the sliding trolley 13 are arranged towards the direction of the DC high-voltage generator 17, so that the sliding trolley is pushed to reliably slide towards the tested electrical equipment through the insulating operating rod 15, and the slidable distance is not less than the length of the adjustable insulating telescopic rod; after the simulation operation is finished, the distance between the sliding trolley 13 and the direct-current high-voltage generator 17 is controlled to be not less than the position where the length of the insulating telescopic rod can be adjusted.
In this embodiment, the insulating operation rod is configured to be horizontally extendable and retractable.
Preferably, the discharging device combination meeting the requirement is selected according to the dc withstand voltage parameter of the electrical device to be tested, assembly simulation is performed before the dc withstand voltage test of the electrical device to be tested, the discharging device is connected to the electrical device to be tested for discharging after the dc withstand voltage test, and the discharging resistance is adjusted by detecting the discharging current and the voltage in the discharging process, so that the discharging current maintains the rated value borne by the discharging resistance until the discharging current and the residual voltage on the electrical device to be tested reach 0, and discharging is finished.
In particular, the embodiment of this example comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting parameters of a direct-current voltage withstand test of tested electrical equipment: determining the DC withstand voltage value of the tested electrical equipment, the capacitance value C of the tested equipment, and determining the test voltage U of the tested electrical equipmentfAnd discharge capacity;
(2) according to the test voltage U of the tested electrical equipmentfAnd discharge capacity WCCalculating the discharge resistance R meeting the conditions and the insulation grade requirement of the device through a formula
Figure GDA0002823180120000051
Estimating the discharge time t to be less than or equal to 30min, and if the discharge time t is not greater than 30min, adjusting the discharge resistance R; the field can be flexibly assembled, and the discharge device can be optimized by adjusting according to actual needs.
(3) Before the direct-current withstand voltage of the tested electrical equipment is tested, the discharging device is assembled according to the calculation result, connection is carried out according to a figure 2, adjustment and simulation operation are carried out, the sliding trolley 13 is operated to ensure that the discharging guide rod 10 can be reliably contacted with the tested electrical equipment, and after the simulation is qualified, the sliding trolley 13 is withdrawn to keep a safe distance with the tested electrical equipment and the pressurizing equipment;
(4) after the tested electrical equipment is subjected to direct-current voltage withstand, the insulating rod 15 is operated to control the sliding trolley 13 to move, so that the discharge guide rod 10 is in contact with the tested electrical equipment, and discharge is started through the discharge resistor 1;
(5) during the discharging process, according to the monitored discharging current, the adjustable resistance module is controlled by an external remote control motor to adjust the size of the discharging resistor, so that the discharging current reaches a required value;
(6) when the residual voltage on the tested electrical equipment is lower than 1000V, the discharging can be directly realized through grounding short circuit, and when the discharging current is 0, the discharging of the tested equipment is finished;
the discharging device can adjust the height and the insulation level of the discharging guide rod 10 through the adjustable insulation guide rod 11, so that the discharging device is suitable for the discharging requirement of the tested electrical equipment. The adjustable resistor is arranged and the discharge current detection device is arranged, and the adjustable resistor electrically adjusts the discharge resistance value according to the current value detected by the discharge current detection device in the discharge process so that the discharge current reaches the maximum value, thereby shortening the discharge time.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for discharging in a high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test is characterized by comprising the following steps: providing a discharging device and tested electrical equipment, wherein the discharging device comprises a discharging module, a regulating device, a sliding trolley, a sliding track for placing the sliding trolley and an insulating operating rod for pushing the sliding trolley to advance; the detection control module is provided with a discharge current detection module, and the discharge current detection module is connected with the adjusting device through a lead and is used for monitoring discharge current; the sliding trolley is provided with an insulating telescopic rod capable of vertically stretching; the discharging module is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of discharging resistors in series, and each group of discharging resistors is connected with the adjusting device through a lead; the adjusting device is also connected with an external remote control motor; the insulation telescopic rod is provided with a rotatable discharge guide rod, and the discharge guide rod is connected with the adjusting device through a wire; the tested electrical equipment comprises a direct-current high-voltage generator and a direct-current high-voltage generator grading ring arranged on the direct-current high-voltage generator; a test lead is arranged on the DC high-voltage generator grading ring;
the discharge method of the discharge device comprises the following steps:
step S1, providing the DC withstand voltage value of the tested electric device, the capacitance value C of the tested electric device and the test voltage U of the tested electric devicefAnd discharge capacity WC
Step S2, according to the test voltage U of the tested electrical equipmentfCalculating a test voltage U from the electrical device under testfThe discharge time t when the voltage is reduced to 1000V; discharge time passing formula
Figure 6
Calculating; wherein, UCRepresenting the voltage on the electrical equipment to be tested, and R representing a resistor;
step S3, assembling, adjusting and simulating the discharge device;
step S4, after the tested electrical equipment is subjected to direct current voltage withstand, the insulating operating rod is operated to push the sliding trolley to advance so as to enable the discharge guide rod to be in contact with the equalizing ring of the direct current high-voltage generator and start to discharge through a discharge resistor;
step S5, monitoring the discharge current by the discharge current detection module in the discharge process, and adjusting the discharge resistance by controlling the adjusting device to make the discharge current reach the preset value
Figure 7
Step S6, when the residual voltage of the tested electrical equipment is lower than 1000V, discharging through grounding short circuit directly; and when the discharge current is 0, finishing the discharge of the tested electric equipment.
2. The high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test discharging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: each group of discharge resistors is formed by connecting a plurality of discharge resistors fixed on a metal disc in parallel through bolts.
3. The high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test discharging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the simulation operation in step S3 is specifically:
the adjusting device is connected with the discharge guide rod through a lead; adjusting the height of the insulating telescopic rod to be consistent with that of the DC high-voltage generator grading ring and screwing a fixing screw, adjusting the angle of the discharge guide rod to be capable of being in contact with the DC high-voltage generator grading ring, arranging the sliding track and the sliding trolley towards the direction of the DC high-voltage generator, and enabling the sliding trolley to be pushed to slide towards the tested electrical equipment through the insulating operating rod, wherein the sliding distance is not less than the length of the insulating telescopic rod; and after the simulation operation is finished, controlling the distance between the sliding trolley and the direct-current high-voltage generator to be not less than the length of the insulating telescopic rod.
4. The high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test discharging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating operating rod is of a structure capable of horizontally extending and retracting.
5. The high-voltage direct-current withstand voltage test discharging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjusting device is an insulating spiral strut capable of vertically extending and retracting, and a short-circuit sliding block is arranged on the insulating spiral strut; the external remote control motor drives the insulating spiral strut to lift the short-circuit sliding block to short-circuit different discharge resistors.
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CN110687405A (en) * 2019-09-02 2020-01-14 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 Discharging device and discharging method for direct-current withstand voltage test of seabed oil-filled cable
CN111308307A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-19 深圳供电局有限公司 Instantaneous overcurrent capability detection system and method
CN112345893A (en) * 2020-09-25 2021-02-09 国网浙江省电力有限公司舟山供电公司 Large-capacity direct-current voltage withstand test platform with automatic discharge safety grounding device
CN113253068A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-13 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 Discharging method after direct-current voltage withstand test of large-length high-voltage cable
CN113777446A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-12-10 国网浙江省电力有限公司营销服务中心 Extra-high voltage withstand voltage tester with direct current charge-discharge state detection function and test method
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