CN109682935B - Open system for simulating carbon dioxide increase and simulation method thereof - Google Patents
Open system for simulating carbon dioxide increase and simulation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682935B CN109682935B CN201910138940.XA CN201910138940A CN109682935B CN 109682935 B CN109682935 B CN 109682935B CN 201910138940 A CN201910138940 A CN 201910138940A CN 109682935 B CN109682935 B CN 109682935B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
Abstract
The invention discloses an open system for simulating carbon dioxide increase and a simulation method thereof, comprising a release field system and CO2A control system, a blade shroud layer heating system and an automatic control system. The release field system is of a regular octagonal structure consisting of 8 supporting vertical pipes, and CO2The release pipelines are 8 transverse pipes parallel to each other, each transverse pipe is provided with a proportional control valve, a row of uniform holes are horizontally arranged outwards, and the proportional control valves vertical to the wind direction and adjacent to the two directions can be selected according to the wind direction to open and release CO2. The blade shroud layer heating system can realize uniform heating at the same height. In summary, the open system has scientific and reasonable structural design, simple and beautiful layout, convenient disassembly and assembly and more real simulated atmosphere CO2Natural ecological environment with increased concentration and temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of simulated environment, in particular to an open system for simulating carbon dioxide increase.
Background
On earth, the terrestrial biosphere is constantly exchanging CO with the atmosphere through photosynthesis and respiration2Gases, over the long years, CO in the atmosphere2The concentration reaches a relatively stable period. But since the industrial revolution, CO in the atmosphere2The rate of concentration increase was faster than any of the past periods, increasing from 275ppm to 425ppm in 2007. CO in the atmosphere2The greenhouse effect is mainly used for controlling global climate, researches show that the temperature of the global ground is averagely increased by 1.4-5.8 ℃ in 1990-2100 years, and the high attention of scientists and governments of various countries is attracted. Open CO continues to be developed in developed countries in the United states, Japan and Europe2And (3) a fattening test technology, namely a FACE technology. After long-term research, the types of ecosystems related to the FACE technology mainly include forests, farmlands and the like, and the researched crops include wheat, cotton, sorghum, corn and rice and the like.
The FACE technology is based on the modification of the microclimate of plants and ecosystemsEnvironmental conditions simulate future climate change, and because no isolation facilities are arranged inside and outside the FACE circle, gas can freely circulate, so that the conditions of ventilation, illumination, temperature, humidity and the like in the system are very close to the natural ecological environment, and CO is carried out under the conditions2The data obtained by the added simulation test is closer to the real situation. Compared with developed countries, the research on the FACE system in China is late and relatively few.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an open system for simulating carbon dioxide increase and a simulation method thereof, which solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an open system for simulating carbon dioxide addition comprising CO2Release line, frame structure, CO2A release system and a leaf canopy heating system; CO22The release line being arranged on the frame structure, CO2The release pipeline is connected with CO2The releasing system and the heating system are arranged at the top of the frame structure; CO22The releasing pipeline is provided with an air outlet;
the frame structure comprises a support vertical pipe and an annular frame; the two annular frames are arranged in parallel up and down, the plurality of vertical supporting pipes are fixedly arranged at the outer edges of the two annular frames in equal radian and are arranged perpendicular to the ground to form a frame structure; CO is fixedly arranged between every two adjacent support vertical pipes2Release line, and CO2The release pipeline is parallel to the plane of the annular frame.
Further, CO2The release system comprises CO2The device comprises a storage tank, a gasification device, a pressure reducing device, a gas transmission pipeline and a proportion regulating valve; CO22The storage tank, the gasification device and the pressure reduction device are connected in sequence through gas transmission pipelines, and each CO is2The releasing pipelines are all connected with a proportional regulating valve, and the proportional regulating valves are connected with a CO2 releasing pipeline through gas pipelines;
further, the heating system comprises a honeycomb frame structure and an infrared radiator; the infrared radiator is arranged on the honeycomb frame structure; the honeycomb frame structure comprises seven regular hexagonal frames, one regular hexagon is taken as the center, and a regular hexagonal frame is fixedly arranged on each edge of the seven regular hexagons to form the honeycomb frame structure; and infrared radiators are arranged at two ends of six adjacent edges of the six peripheral regular hexagons.
Further, the radiation angle of the infrared radiator is 45 degrees downwards and faces to the center point of the hexagon; the infrared radiator adopts an FTE full arc radiometer, an aluminum reflector is arranged behind the infrared radiator, and a rain cover is arranged at the top of the infrared radiator; the infrared radiator is installed through bolting, and the pipe hoop is fixed.
Furthermore, the number of the support vertical pipes is 8, a plurality of bolt holes and CO are longitudinally arranged on the support vertical pipe between the two annular frames2The release pipeline 2 is fixedly arranged between the adjacent support vertical pipes through sleeve bolts.
Further, CO2The release pipeline is provided with a row of holes pointing to the horizontal direction outside the annular frame, the diameter of each hole is 2-4mm, and the distance between every two holes is 20-30 mm.
Further, a simulation method for simulating an open system for carbon dioxide addition is based on an open system for simulating carbon dioxide addition, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, simulating CO2The added system is placed in a vegetation coverage area, and the height of plants in the system circle is measured;
step 2, adjusting the height of the honeycomb frame structure to be 1-1.5 m higher than a plant leaf canopy;
and 3, setting the temperature difference of the blade shroud layer higher than the environmental design temperature, starting a heating system, realizing the adjustment of 1.5, 2 and 3 ℃ of the dynamic temperature increase of the blade shroud layer at a temperature higher than the atmospheric temperature, and adjusting the radiation time of a radiometer, thereby maintaining the constant temperature of the blade shroud layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a method for simulating future CO2The added open system can simulate the atmospheric CO more truly2The natural ecological environment with increased concentration and temperature is utilized to further study the influence of the natural ecological environment on the growth of plants.
Furthermore, the open system has scientific and reasonable structural design, simple and beautiful layout, convenient disassembly and assembly and adjustable height of the release pipe, and meets the research of various plants;
furthermore, the horizontal release pipe can meet the requirement of concentration enhancement in multiple directions, and the design of the proportional control valve and the horizontally outward release holes enable the release effect to be more uniform, reliable and stable;
furthermore, the honeycomb structure heating system meets the uniformity of heating in the ring, the height of the radiometer is adjustable, the radiation angle is adjustable, and uniform heating at the same height is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the FACE circle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows CO2A release schematic;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a release cross tube;
in the figure: 1-vertical support tube, 2-horizontal release tube, 3-CO2The system comprises a storage tank, 4-a gasification device, 5-a pressure reduction device, 6-a gas transmission pipeline, 7-a proportion adjusting valve, 8-an infrared radiator and 9-a honeycomb frame structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the examples of the present application, a method of simulating future CO is provided2Added open system, the main function is to simulate atmospheric CO2The effect of increased concentration and temperature on plant growth includes 4 systems, namely the release site system, CO2A control system, a blade shroud layer heating system and an automatic control system.
As shown in FIG. 1, the field-of-delivery system includes a frame of the FACE circle, a CO2Equipment such as a release pipeline, an acquisition pipeline and an auxiliary maintenance channel; the outer frame is of a regular octagon structure with the diameter of an external circle of 8m, the side length is 3.1 m, and 8 supporting vertical pipes 1 are positioned at the top points of the regular octagon and fixed with the ground; CO22The release pipeline is 8 transverse pipes 2 parallel to the ground and respectively connected with the vertical pipes 1 by sleeve bolts; the standpipe 1 is provided with bolt holes to conveniently adjust the height of the horizontal release pipe 2 according to the growth of crops, so that the experiment of the height of the wheat and the corn can be satisfied. Each horizontal pipe 2 is provided with a row of fingersAnd uniformly forming holes in the horizontal direction outside the FACE ring, wherein the diameter of each hole is 2-4mm, and the distance between every two holes is 20-30 mm.
CO2The control system is mainly used for CO2The uniform release and control acquisition and analysis comprises an air source system, a release control system, an acquisition and analysis system, an auxiliary system and the like, wherein the air source system comprises CO2A storage tank 3, a pressure reducing device 5, a gasification device 4 and a gas transmission pipeline 6. The system comprehensively considers the enhanced capability and the operation cost and then carries out CO conversion2The enhancement value was set at 200 ppm. The pressure regulating system of the pressure reducing device 5 adopts double-path pressure regulation and steel pipe flow guide, so that the temperature and continuous operation of the gasification system are ensured, and the model is TYCO 2-40/2.2-S. The gasification device 4 adopts an air temperature vaporizer with the model number of QQCO2-360/2.2, and the gasification amount is 300Nm3H is used as the reference value. The heat in the natural environment is absorbed through the large-area fins, so that the continuous normal gasification of the carbon dioxide is ensured, and the consumption of energy is saved.
As shown in FIG. 2, CO2The principle of the control system is as follows:
CO in liquid state2The pressure of the storage tank 3 is controlled to be 0.4MPa by a pressure reducing valve, and the pressure is sent to each transverse release pipe 2 by a gas pipeline 6 after being gasified by a gasification device 4. A proportional control valve 7 is arranged at each transverse pipe, and the system automatically starts the proportional control valve 7 vertical to the wind direction and close to the two directions to carry out CO according to the measured environmental wind direction2The release is enhanced.
Referring to fig. 3, when the system is running, if the current wind is north wind, the proportional control valves in the three directions of north west, north and north east are opened, and the air is filled into the circle from the north west, north and north east. When the wind direction is southeast wind, the air is inflated into the circle through the south, southeast and east three surfaces.
The blade crown layer heating system is realized by adopting an infrared radiator 8, 7 regular hexagonal honeycomb structures 9 are designed at the top of an FACE ring, the diameter of an external circle of each hexagon is 3m, the infrared radiator 8 is fixed on an intersection point of a top cross rod, and the radiation angle is 45 degrees downwards and FACEs to the center point of the hexagon;
the radiometer 8 adopts an FTE full arc radiometer, an aluminum reflector is arranged behind the radiometer to reflect heating energy, and a rainproof cover is arranged at the top of the radiometer; the radiometer 8 is installed through the bolt, and the ferrule is fixed, through rotatory ferrule angle adjustment radiometer heater angle.
The specific steps of raising the temperature of the leaf canopy layer are as follows:
(1) measuring the height of the plant in the FACE circle;
(2) the height of the radiometer 8 is adjusted by moving the honeycomb structure 9 at the top of the frame to be 1-1.5 m higher than the plant leaf canopy;
(3) setting the temperature difference of the blade crown layer higher than the environmental design temperature, starting a heating system, realizing the regulation of 1.5, 2 and 3 ℃ of the dynamic temperature rise of the blade crown layer with higher temperature according to the automatic induction calculation of a temperature sensor and a timer, and regulating the radiation time of a radiometer so as to maintain the constant temperature of the blade crown layer;
(4) the system can be set to automatically control the sectional heating in the daytime and at night, so that the target temperature is realized.
The application example simulates the future CO by providing a simulation method2An added open system, and relatively real simulated atmospheric CO2The natural ecological environment with increased concentration and temperature is utilized to further study the influence of the natural ecological environment on the growth of plants. The open system has scientific and reasonable structural design, simple and beautiful layout, convenient disassembly and assembly and adjustable height of the release pipe, and meets the research of various plants; the horizontal release pipe can meet the concentration enhancement in 8 directions, and the design of the proportional control valve and the horizontal outward release holes enable the release effect to be uniform, reliable and stable. The honeycomb structure heating system meets the uniformity of heating in the ring, the height of the radiometer is adjustable, the radiation angle is adjustable, and uniform heating at the same height is realized.
Claims (4)
1. An open system simulating carbon dioxide addition comprising CO2Release line (2), frame structure, CO2A release system and a temperature rise system; CO22The release line (2) is arranged on the frame structure, CO2The release pipeline (2) is connected with CO2The releasing system and the heating system are arranged at the top of the frame structure; CO22The release pipeline (2) is provided with an air outlet;
the frame structure comprises a support vertical pipe (1) and an annular frame; two areThe annular frames are arranged in parallel up and down, the plurality of vertical supporting pipes (1) are fixedly arranged at the outer edges of the two annular frames at equal radians, and the vertical supporting pipes (1) are arranged perpendicular to the ground to form a frame structure; CO is fixedly arranged between every two adjacent support vertical pipes (1)2Release line (2), and CO2The release pipeline (2) is parallel to the plane of the annular frame;
CO2the release system comprises CO2The device comprises a storage tank (3), a gasification device (4), a pressure reducing device (5), a gas transmission pipeline (6) and a proportion regulating valve (7); CO22The storage tank (3), the gasification device (4) and the pressure reducing device (5) are connected through a gas transmission pipeline (6) in sequence, and each CO is2The release pipelines (2) are connected with proportional regulating valves (7) which are connected with a CO2 release pipeline through gas pipelines; the outlet of the pressure reducing device (5) is connected with all the proportion regulating valves (7) through a gas transmission pipeline (6);
the temperature raising system comprises a honeycomb frame structure (9) and an infrared radiator (8); the infrared radiator (8) is arranged on the honeycomb frame structure (9); the honeycomb frame structure (9) comprises seven regular hexagonal frames, each regular hexagon is taken as the center, and a regular hexagonal frame is fixedly arranged on each edge of each regular hexagon to form the honeycomb frame structure (9); two ends of six adjacent sides of six regular hexagons at the periphery are respectively provided with an infrared radiator (8);
the radiation angle of the infrared radiator (8) is 45 degrees downwards and faces to the center point of the hexagon; the infrared radiator (8) adopts an FTE full arc radiometer, an aluminum reflecting plate is arranged behind the infrared radiator (8), and a rain cover is arranged at the top of the infrared radiator; the infrared radiator (8) is installed through bolting, and the pipe hoop is fixed.
2. The open system for simulating carbon dioxide addition according to claim 1, wherein the number of the support risers (1) is 8, the support risers (1) between the two ring frames are longitudinally provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and the CO is added2The release pipeline (2) is fixedly arranged between the adjacent support vertical pipes (1) through sleeve bolts.
3. The open system of claim 1 for simulating carbon dioxide additionCharacterised by the fact that CO2A row of open holes pointing to the horizontal direction outside the annular frame are formed in the release pipeline (2), the diameter of each open hole is 2-4mm, and the distance between the open holes is 20-30 mm.
4. A simulation method of an open system simulating carbon dioxide addition, which is based on any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps:
s1 simulation of CO2The added system is placed in a vegetation coverage area, and the height of plants in the system circle is measured;
s2, adjusting the height of the honeycomb frame structure to be 1-1.5 m higher than the plant leaf canopy;
s3, setting the temperature difference of the blade shroud layer higher than the design temperature difference of the environment, starting a heating system, realizing the adjustment of 1.5, 2 and 3 ℃ of the dynamic temperature increase of the blade shroud layer at a temperature higher than the atmospheric temperature, and adjusting the radiation time of a radiometer, thereby maintaining the constant temperature of the blade shroud layer.
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