CN109682852A - Using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient - Google Patents
Using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682852A CN109682852A CN201811599227.7A CN201811599227A CN109682852A CN 109682852 A CN109682852 A CN 109682852A CN 201811599227 A CN201811599227 A CN 201811599227A CN 109682852 A CN109682852 A CN 109682852A
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/16—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal coefficient of expansion
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Abstract
PSD device be the present invention relates to the use of to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, including heating device, thermistor (temperature) sensor, computer, PSD displacement detection system, hollow solid stick to be measured and firm banking；The heating device is vapor pot, and the gas outlet of vapor pot connects hollow solid stick hollow cavity to be measured；Described thermistor (temperature) sensor one end connects hollow solid stick to be measured, and the other end connects computer；The PSD displacement detection system includes laser diode, the workspace PSD, convergent lens and receives lens, the primary optical axis for the concentrated lens of laser that laser diode issues beats the surface in hollow solid stick to be measured, it is reflected through and receives the primary optical axis of lens and be imaged on the workspace PSD, two poles end in the workspace PSD exports electric current, by A D sampling, output carries out displacement that hollow solid stick to be measured is calculated to computer.Accuracy of the present invention is high, all has great importance for physics experiment teaching or even actual application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Physical Experiment fields, and in particular to the measurement experiment using PSD device to solid linear expansion coefficient
Device
Technical background
At 1 DEG C of the every raising of the temperature of solid matter, the elongation of unit length is called " linear expansion coefficient ", due to object
The difference of matter, linear expansion coefficient is not also identical, and also with actual temperature and when determining length 1, selected reference temperature has numerical value
It closes.Linear expansion coefficient is one of the experimental project of university physics system student, and common measurement method has post rod type indirect method, looks in the distance
Mirror direct-reading method etc., there are larger experimental errors for the data that these methods often obtain experiment, influence the study of numerous teachers and students
Journey.But lack that a kind of error is small, precision is high and convenient and fast measurement method in current colleges and universities' experiment, wherein laser method is with one
Laser beam flying sample is capable of the variation of METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION sample length during heating, thus measurement accuracy is high, and error is small,
Furthermore Automatic Control, record and the multifunction system of computer composition is combined to be applied to the experiment measurement of solid linear expansion coefficient
It will be a kind of mode of more intelligent facilitation.
Select thermal expansion measurement method when mainly consider test scope, the type of detected materials and characteristic, measurement accuracy and
Sensitivity etc..Therefore, the accuracy and sensitivity for improving solid linear expansion coefficient measuring device how are improved, there is important grind
Study carefully meaning.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention: the experimental provision of traditional solid linear expansion coefficient measurement, solid bar position
There are biggish Experimental measurement errors for the measurement of shifting amount variation, thus the present invention provides a kind of utilization PSD displacement detection system survey
The displacement for measuring solid bar, accomplishes the improvement to solid linear expansion coefficient measurement experiment.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention provide the technical scheme that using PSD device to solid linear expansion coefficient
Measurement experiment device, which is characterized in that including heating device, thermistor (temperature) sensor, computer, PSD displacement detecting system
System, hollow solid stick to be measured and firm banking, the firm banking are used for fixation hollow solid bar and thermistor (temperature) sensor；Institute
Stating heating device is vapor pot, and the gas outlet of vapor pot connects hollow solid stick hollow cavity to be measured, by steam be passed through to
It surveys in the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick and heats solid bar；Described thermistor (temperature) sensor one end connects hollow solid stick to be measured,
The other end connects computer, reflects temperature change in real time；The PSD displacement detection system includes laser diode, the workspace PSD
103, convergent lens 101 and receive lens, the primary optical axis for the concentrated lens 101 of laser that laser diode issues is beaten to be measured
The surface of hollow solid stick is reflected through and receives the primary optical axis of lens and be imaged on the workspace PSD 103, in the workspace PSD 103
Two poles end export electric current, by A D sample, output carries out displacement that hollow solid stick to be measured is calculated to computer.
Preferably, 103 two poles end of the workspace the PSD output electric current is delivered to computer by current sensor.
There are the vapor pot multiple gas outlets can heat simultaneously, and detachable lid is arranged on the gas outlet, described
Gas outlet is connect with the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured, and the line that can be used for measuring multiple hollow solid sticks to be measured simultaneously is swollen
Swollen coefficient.
The gas outlet and hollow solid stick direct or indirect connection to be measured, described be indirectly connected with are connected by flexible rubber hose.
Spring is arranged in the firm banking and hollow solid stick contact jaw to be measured, for secondary solid to hollow solid stick to be measured
It is fixed.
Spring is arranged in the firm banking and hollow solid stick contact jaw to be measured, for secondary solid to hollow solid stick to be measured
It is fixed.
It is further preferable that the vapor pot also sets up ventilation opening and cooling fin, the cooling efficiency of vapor pot is improved.
The fixing seat is also used to the output end of fixed vapor pot.
Specifically, the pedestal is equipped with groove, uses for thermistor (temperature) sensor and solid bar to be measured are fixed.
Preferably, equipped with the groove at no less than three, wherein being located at same straight line at two to fixation hollow solid to be measured
Stick, to fixed thermistor (temperature) sensor, remaining is stand-by at another place.
Preferably, the thermistor (temperature) sensor measurement range is 0-100 DEG C.
The computer is used to receive the temperature data signal that thermistor (temperature) sensor is exported and current sensor output
Current signal, and treatment temperature data-signal and current data signal, analysis, and by the display device of computer show to
Survey the displacement of hollow solid stick.
It is further preferable that computer establishes the functional relation that data model derives displacement with temperature and electric current, establish with temperature
Spend the coordinate system that T and displacement Y is ordinate, and the curve that displays temperature and displacement change over time.
Preferably, the laser diode be PIN photodiode, operating wave with 635nm, 650nm, 670nm,
690nm、780nm、810nm、860nm、980nm。
Specifically, convergent lens 101 is coupled with laser diode and is fixed as one in PSD displacement detection system described in PSD
Separating device receives lens and is coupled with the workspace PSD 103 to be fixed as another part device, and two parts device passes through optical design and closes
As complete PSD displacement detection system.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. each component of the present invention can be fixed, easy to operate.
2. regulation setting can be carried out to experiment according to teaching demand, reset each parameter of PSD displacement detection system into
Row analysis.
3. an experiment observes micro-displacement using PSD displacement detection system, error can be controlled in ± 15um
4. the simulation of multiple solid bars can be carried out simultaneously, time waste is reduced.
5. data visualization degree is high, PSD amplifies micro-displacement, and is tracked using research-on-research station.
Each component immobilization degree of 6.PSD displacement detection system is high, reduces the manually-operated existing caused people that makes mistakes
Work error.
7. of the invention effectively avoid tradition using poor contact situation existing for rotation sensor measurement displacement, subtract significantly
The measurement error of small experiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is linear expansion coefficient measurement experiment device overall structure figure；
Fig. 2 is PSD displacement measurement system measuring principle figure；
Fig. 3 is one equivalent electrical diagram of embodiment.
Wherein, 101- convergent lens；102- receiving lens；The workspace 103-PSD.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, which is characterized in that packet
Include heating device, thermistor (temperature) sensor, computer, PSD displacement detection system, hollow solid stick to be measured and firm banking, institute
Firm banking is stated for fixation hollow solid bar and thermistor (temperature) sensor；The heating device is vapor pot, vapor pot
Gas outlet connect hollow solid stick hollow cavity to be measured, steam is passed through in the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured heat it is solid
Body stick；Described thermistor (temperature) sensor one end connects hollow solid stick to be measured, and the other end connects computer, reflects that temperature becomes in real time
Change；The PSD displacement detection system includes laser diode, the workspace PSD 103, convergent lens 101 and receives lens, laser
The primary optical axis for the concentrated lens 101 of laser that diode issues beats the surface in hollow solid stick to be measured, is reflected through receiving
The primary optical axis of lens is imaged on the workspace PSD 103, the workspace PSD 103 two poles end export electric current, by A D sample, it is defeated
The displacement that hollow solid stick to be measured is calculated is carried out to computer out.
Specifically, 103 two poles end of the workspace the PSD output electric current is delivered to computer by current sensor.
Further, the gas outlet of the vapor pot is multiple, is arranged detachable lid on the gas outlet, it is described go out
Port is connect with the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured.In the present embodiment, lid is rubber stopper.
Further, the gas outlet and hollow solid stick direct or indirect connection to be measured, in the present embodiment, by indirect
Connection, especially by rubber tube.
Specifically, spring is arranged in the firm banking and hollow solid stick contact jaw to be measured, for hollow solid to be measured
The secondary fixation of stick.
Specifically, the fixing seat is also used to the output end of fixed vapor pot.
Further, the computer is used to receive the temperature data signal and electric current biography that thermistor (temperature) sensor is exported
The current signal of sensor output, and treatment temperature data-signal and current data signal, analysis, and filled by the display of computer
Set the displacement for showing hollow solid stick to be measured.
Preferably, laser diode is PIN photodiode in the PSD displacement detection system.
Preferably, laser diode is directed at the geometric center of hollow solid stick to be measured in the PSD displacement detection system
Face.
Preferably, the workspace PSD 103 is the photoelectric device for converting optoelectronic position to electric signal, the photoelectricity
Device has non-homogeneous semiconductor transverse photoelectric effect, and sensitive to incident light and particle position.
In the present embodiment, the former long L of copper product is first measured1, the bayonet insertion pedestal of hollow solid stick air inlet port to be measured
In groove, with fixation hollow solid stick to be measured.Spring blocks hollow solid stick to be measured, to ensure solid bar to be measured to light source direction
Elongation.Thermistor (temperature) sensor and detected materials stick are in close contact.Suitable water, the sealing cover of vapor pot is added in vapor pot
On have multiple ventholes, remaining useless hole is blocked with rubber stopper, another connection rubber tube, when experiment is connected to detected materials stick
Air inlet port, to heat metallic rod to be measured.The air outlet in detected materials stick is connect with glass dish, to prevent water from overflowing table
On face.The good PSD displacement detection system laser source of optical design is directed at detected materials face, and is fixed.By thermistor temperature
Degree sensor and PSD displacement detection system current output terminal are respectively connected to the corresponding channel of data acquisition interface device.Open science
Work station default window interface selects thermistor (temperature) sensor and current sensor.Thermistor (temperature) sensor is double-clicked, clicks and " surveys
Amount " selects " temperature ", and selects measurement range for 0-100 DEG C.Current sensor is double-clicked, is clicked " measurement ", is selected " electric current ",
And select measurement range for 0-10A." graphical display " window is opened, icon is clicked, establishes two coordinate systems.One of coordinate
The ordinate of system is set as temperature T, the curve changed over time for displays temperature.The ordinate of another coordinate system is set as position
Y is moved, and inputs the formula derived, the curve changed over time for showing the elongation of detected materials stick.Open two " numbers
Word is shown " window, it is respectively used to the specific magnitude of displays temperature T and metallic rod elongation.The power supply for connecting vapor pot, starts pair
Water heating.After water boiling, clicks " starting " icon and start to acquire measurement data, then the rubber of the air outlet of vapor pot
Leather hose is connected to metallic rod air inlet port, heats detected materials stick with vapor.Detected materials are measured according to " number display " window
The temperature T and elongation Y of stick, the linear expansion coefficient of detected materials stick is found out by formula.
The specific derivation of equation is as follows: the incident luminous point of laser diode is irradiated to a certain on the photosurface of the workspace PSD 103
When point, it is assumed that total photogenerated current of generation is I0.Since in incident luminous point, between signal electrode, there are transverse potentials, if two
Load resistance is connected on a signal electrode, photoelectric current will flow to two signal electrodes respectively, thus from signal electrode respectively
To photoelectric current I1And I2(see Fig. 2 displacement measurement schematic diagram).Obviously, I1And I2The sum of be equal to photogenerated current I0, and I1And I2Point
Flow relation depends on incident light spot position to the equivalent resistance R between two signal electrodes1And R2.If the resistance of PSD superficial layer is
Uniformly, then the equivalent circuit of PSD is wherein R shown in Fig. 31And R2Value depend on the position of incident luminous point.
Assuming that load resistance RLResistance value is relative to R1And R2It can ignore, then have:
In formula, L is distance of the midpoint PSD to signal electrode, and X is incident distance of the luminous point away from the midpoint PSD.Formula (1-1) table
Bright, the ratio between output light electric current of two signal electrodes is inverse of the incident luminous point to the ratio between the interelectrode distance.By I0=I1+I2
It is obtained with formula (1-1) simultaneous:
It can be seen that from above two formula when incident light spot position is fixed, the single electrode output electric current and incident light of PSD
Intensity is directly proportional.And when incident intensity is constant, the output electric current of single electrode is with incident luminous point away from the center PSD distance x
It is in a linear relationship.If the output electric current of two signal electrodes is handled as follows:
The result then obtained is only related with the position coordinates X of luminous point, and unrelated with incident intensity, and PSD just becomes at this time
Only to the device of incident light spot position sensitivity.PXThe referred to as position output signal of one-dimensional PSD.
If the position of tested surface luminous point before the movement along 101 laser axis axis direction of convergent lens is X2, corresponding object plane position
It is set to Y2, the position of luminous point is X after movement1, corresponding object plane position is Y1, X1, X2,
It can be by formulaIt calculates separately and finds out, and then calculate Y1And Y2, then object plane displacement △ Y is represented by △ Y
=Y1-Y2.
D in formula0For 102 optical axis of 101 laser axis of convergent lens and receiving lens intersection point to 102 object space master of receiving lens
The distance in face, D1For the distance of 102 image space interarea of receiving lens to imaging center point, θ is laser beam optical axis and receiving lens 102
Angle between optical axis, γ are overlapped PSD working face with image planes with the angle of 102 optical axis of receiving lens for PSD sensitive area, guarantee
For displacement △ y different in working range, picture point moves along PSD working face.Wherein, D0, D1, θ, γ is in optical design
With after processing it has been determined that being known quantity, it is seen that the PSD two as long as precise measurement, i.e. before and after the mobile △ y of precise measurement tested surface
Pole exports electric current, so that it may by formula
△ Y=Y1-Y2
The displacement △ y for calculating tested surface, realizes the non-contact detecting of micro-displacement, roughness of tested surface etc..
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 1, using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, which is characterized in that including adding
Thermal, thermistor (temperature) sensor, computer, PSD displacement detection system, hollow solid stick to be measured and firm banking, it is described solid
Pedestal is determined for fixation hollow solid bar and thermistor (temperature) sensor；The heating device is vapor pot, and vapor pot goes out
Port connects hollow solid stick hollow cavity to be measured, steam is passed through in the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured and heats solid
Stick；Described thermistor (temperature) sensor one end connects hollow solid stick to be measured, and the other end connects computer, reflects that temperature becomes in real time
Change；The PSD displacement detection system includes laser diode, the workspace PSD 103, convergent lens 101 and receives lens, laser
The primary optical axis for the concentrated lens 101 of laser that diode issues beats the surface in hollow solid stick to be measured, is reflected through receiving
The primary optical axis of lens is imaged on the workspace PSD 103, the workspace PSD 103 two poles end export electric current, by A D sample, it is defeated
The displacement that hollow solid stick to be measured is calculated is carried out to computer out.
Further, the gas outlet of the vapor pot is multiple, is arranged detachable lid on the gas outlet, it is described go out
Port is connect with the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured.In the present embodiment, lid is rubber stopper.
Specifically, spring is arranged in the firm banking and hollow solid stick contact jaw to be measured, for hollow solid to be measured
The secondary fixation of stick.
Further, the computer is used to receive the temperature data signal and electric current biography that thermistor (temperature) sensor is exported
The current signal of sensor output, and treatment temperature data-signal and current data signal, analysis, and filled by the display of computer
Set the displacement for showing hollow solid stick to be measured.
Preferably, laser diode is PIN photodiode in the PSD displacement detection system.
Preferably, laser diode is directed at the geometric center of hollow solid stick to be measured in the PSD displacement detection system
Face.
Preferably, the workspace PSD 103 is the photoelectric device for converting optoelectronic position to electric signal, the photoelectricity
Device has non-homogeneous semiconductor transverse photoelectric effect, and sensitive to incident light and particle position.
In the present embodiment, the former long L of aluminum material is first measured2, the groove of the bayonet insertion pedestal of detected materials bar air inlet port
It is interior, with fixation aluminium bar to be measured.Spring blocks aluminium bar to be measured, to ensure that aluminium bar to be measured is extended to light source direction.Thermistor sensing
Device and aluminium bar to be measured are in close contact.Suitable water is added in vapor pot, has multiple ventholes on the sealing cover of vapor pot, by it
Remaining useless hole is blocked with rubber stopper, another connection rubber tube, when experiment is connected to the air inlet port of aluminium bar to be measured, to heat to
Survey aluminium bar.The air outlet in aluminium bar to be measured is connect with glass dish, to prevent water from overflowing on desktop.By the good position PSD of optical design
It moves detection system laser source and is directed at aluminium bar geometric surface to be measured, and fix.By thermistor temperature sensor and PSD displacement detecting
System power output end is respectively connected to the corresponding channel of data acquisition interface device.Open research-on-research station default window interface, choosing
Select thermistor (temperature) sensor and current sensor.Thermistor (temperature) sensor is double-clicked, is clicked " measurement ", is selected " temperature ", and select
Measurement range is 0-100 DEG C.Current sensor is double-clicked, is clicked " measurement ", is selected " electric current ", and select measurement range for 0-15A.
" graphical display " window is opened, icon is clicked, establishes two coordinate systems.The ordinate of one of coordinate system is set as temperature T, uses
In the curve that displays temperature changes over time.The ordinate of another coordinate system is set as displacement Y, and inputs the public affairs derived
Formula, the curve changed over time for showing the elongation of detected materials stick.Two " number display " windows are opened, are respectively used to
The specific magnitude of displays temperature T and metallic rod elongation.The power supply for connecting vapor pot starts to heat water.After water boiling, point
It hits " starting " icon to start to acquire measurement data, the rubber tube of the air outlet of vapor pot is then connected to metallic rod inlet end
Mouthful, detected materials stick is heated with vapor.The temperature T and elongation Y that detected materials stick is measured according to " number display " window, by
Formula finds out the linear expansion coefficient of detected materials stick.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 1, using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, which is characterized in that including adding
Thermal, thermistor (temperature) sensor, computer, PSD displacement detection system, hollow solid stick to be measured and firm banking, it is described solid
Pedestal is determined for fixation hollow solid bar and thermistor (temperature) sensor；The heating device is vapor pot, and vapor pot goes out
Port connects hollow solid stick hollow cavity to be measured, steam is passed through in the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured and heats solid
Stick；Described thermistor (temperature) sensor one end connects hollow solid stick to be measured, and the other end connects computer, reflects that temperature becomes in real time
Change；The PSD displacement detection system includes laser diode, the workspace PSD 103, convergent lens 101 and receives lens, laser
The primary optical axis for the concentrated lens 101 of laser that diode issues beats the surface in hollow solid stick to be measured, is reflected through receiving
The primary optical axis of lens is imaged on the workspace PSD 103, the workspace PSD 103 two poles end export electric current, by A D sample, it is defeated
The displacement that hollow solid stick to be measured is calculated is carried out to computer out.
Further, the gas outlet of the vapor pot is multiple, is arranged detachable lid on the gas outlet, it is described go out
Port is connect with the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured.In the present embodiment, lid is rubber stopper.
Specifically, spring is arranged in the firm banking and hollow solid stick contact jaw to be measured, for hollow solid to be measured
The secondary fixation of stick.
Further, the computer is used to receive the temperature data signal and electric current biography that thermistor (temperature) sensor is exported
The current signal of sensor output, and treatment temperature data-signal and current data signal, analysis, and filled by the display of computer
Set the displacement for showing hollow solid stick to be measured.
Preferably, laser diode is PIN photodiode in the PSD displacement detection system.
Preferably, laser diode is directed at the geometric center of hollow solid stick to be measured in the PSD displacement detection system
Face.
Preferably, the workspace PSD 103 is the photoelectric device for converting optoelectronic position to electric signal, the photoelectricity
Device has non-homogeneous semiconductor transverse photoelectric effect, and sensitive to incident light and particle position.
In the present embodiment, while aluminium bar and copper rod are measured, first measures the former long L of copper product3, then measure aluminum material original
Long L4, in the groove of the bayonet insertion pedestal of copper bar and aluminium bar air inlet port, to fix material bar at two.Spring block copper rod and
Aluminium bar, to ensure that aluminium bar to be measured is extended to light source direction.Thermistor (temperature) sensor and aluminium bar to be measured and copper rod are in close contact.Water steams
Suitable water is added in steam pot, has multiple ventholes on the sealing cover of vapor pot, remaining useless hole is blocked with rubber stopper, another
A connection rubber tube, when experiment, is connected to the air inlet port of aluminium bar and copper rod to be measured, to heat aluminium bar and copper rod to be measured.Use glass
Ware connects the air outlet in aluminium bar to be measured and copper rod, to prevent water from overflowing on desktop.Two good PSD of optical design are displaced inspection
Examining system laser source is directed at copper rod and aluminium bar geometric surface to be measured, and fixes.By thermistor temperature sensor and PSD displacement inspection
Examining system current output terminal is respectively connected to the corresponding channel of data acquisition interface device.Research-on-research station default window interface is opened,
Select thermistor (temperature) sensor and current sensor.Thermistor (temperature) sensor is double-clicked, is clicked " measurement ", is selected " temperature ", and select
Selecting measurement range is 0-100 DEG C.Current sensor is double-clicked, is clicked " measurement ", is selected " electric current ", and select measurement range for 0-
15A." graphical display " window is opened, icon is clicked, establishes four coordinate systems.The ordinate of one of coordinate system is set as temperature
T1, the curve that is changed over time for displays temperature.The ordinate of another coordinate system is set as displacement Y1, and input and derived
Formula, the curve changed over time for showing the elongation of copper rod to be measured.The ordinate of one of coordinate system is set as temperature
Spend T2, the curve that is changed over time for displays temperature.The ordinate of another coordinate system is set as displacement Y2, and input and pushed away
The formula led, the curve changed over time for showing the elongation of copper rod to be measured.Four " number display " windows are opened, are used for
Displays temperature T1With the specific magnitude and temperature T of the elongation of copper bar2With the specific magnitude of aluminium bar elongation.Connect the electricity of vapor pot
Source starts to heat water.After water boiling, clicks " starting " icon and start to acquire measurement data, then going out vapor pot
The rubber tube of gas port is connected to metallic rod air inlet port, heats detected materials stick with vapor.It is surveyed according to " number display " window
The temperature and elongation for obtaining copper rod and aluminium bar to be measured, the linear expansion coefficient of copper rod and aluminium bar to be measured is found out by formula.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Appoint
What those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical proposal of the invention, all using the side of the disclosure above
Method and technology contents make many possible changes and modifications to technical solution of the present invention, or are revised as the equivalent reality of equivalent variations
Apply example.Therefore, anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention according to the technical essence of the invention do above embodiments
Any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications, all of which are still within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, which is characterized in that including heating device, temperature-sensitive
Electric resistance sensor, computer, PSD displacement detection system, hollow solid stick to be measured and firm banking, the firm banking is for solid
Fixed hollow solid stick and thermistor (temperature) sensor to be measured；The heating device is vapor pot, and the gas outlet of vapor pot connects
Steam is passed through in the hollow cavity of hollow solid stick to be measured and heats solid bar by hollow solid stick hollow cavity to be measured；The heat
Sensing resistance transducer one end connects hollow solid stick to be measured, and the other end connects computer, reflects temperature change in real time；The PSD
Displacement detection system includes laser diode, the workspace the PSD workspace PSD, convergent lens convergent lens and receives lens, laser
The primary optical axis for the concentrated lens convergent lens of laser that diode issues beats the surface in hollow solid stick to be measured, through being reflected through
The primary optical axis for receiving lens is imaged on the workspace the PSD workspace PSD, and the two poles end in the workspace the PSD workspace PSD exports electricity
Stream, by A D sample, output carries out displacement that hollow solid stick to be measured is calculated to computer.
2. as claimed in claim 1 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
In the workspace PSD two poles end exports electric current and is delivered to computer by current sensor.
3. as claimed in claim 1 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
Be in the gas outlet of, the vapor pot it is multiple, detachable lid is set on the gas outlet, the gas outlet with it is to be measured hollow
The hollow cavity of solid bar connects.
4. as claimed in claim 1 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
In the gas outlet and hollow solid stick direct or indirect connection to be measured.
5. as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient,
It is characterized in that, spring is arranged in the firm banking and hollow solid stick contact jaw to be measured, for hollow solid stick two to be measured
Secondary fixation.
6. as claimed in claim 5 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
In the fixing seat is also used to the output end of fixed vapor pot.
7. as claimed in claim 5 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
In the computer is used to receive the electric current of the temperature data signal that thermistor (temperature) sensor is exported and current sensor output
Signal, and treatment temperature data-signal and current data signal, analysis, and the display device for passing through computer show to be measured hollow
The displacement of solid bar.
8. as claimed in claim 2 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
In laser diode is PIN photodiode in the PSD displacement detection system.
9. as claimed in claim 8 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient, feature exists
In laser diode is directed at the geometric center face of hollow solid stick to be measured in the PSD displacement detection system.
10. as described in claims 2 or 8 or 9 using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient,
It is characterized in that, the workspace PSD is the photoelectric device for converting optoelectronic position to electric signal, and the photoelectric device has non-equal
Even semiconductor transverse photoelectric effect, and it is sensitive to incident light or particle position.
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| CN201811599227.7A CN109682852A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient |
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| CN201811599227.7A CN109682852A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Using PSD device to the measurement experiment device of solid linear expansion coefficient |
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