CN109682491B - Temperature sampling circuit, circuit board, motor controller and electric automobile - Google Patents
Temperature sampling circuit, circuit board, motor controller and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682491B CN109682491B CN201811513112.1A CN201811513112A CN109682491B CN 109682491 B CN109682491 B CN 109682491B CN 201811513112 A CN201811513112 A CN 201811513112A CN 109682491 B CN109682491 B CN 109682491B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011101 paper laminate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNPSSFBOAGDEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N albuterol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(CO)=C1.CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(CO)=C1 BNPSSFBOAGDEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
- G01K7/24—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit
- G01K7/245—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit in an oscillator circuit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
- G01K7/24—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit
- G01K7/25—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature sampling circuit, a circuit board, a motor controller and an electric automobile, which comprise an IGBT module, a self-oscillating circuit, a digital isolator and a main control chip, wherein a thermosensitive device is arranged in the IGBT module, the IGBT module is connected with the self-oscillating circuit through the thermosensitive device, the output end of the self-oscillating circuit is connected with the input end of the digital isolator, and the output end of the digital isolator is connected with the input end of the main control chip. According to the invention, the resistance value of the thermosensitive device is converted into the digital signal for transmission, and the digital signal can reduce the influence of the power supply on the precision of the sampling signal, so that the thermosensitive device has better anti-interference capability, and the precision influence of temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain error and the like caused by the adoption of the linear isolation device can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a temperature sampling circuit, a circuit board, a motor controller and an electric automobile.
Background
There are two main ways of monitoring IGBT temperature at present, which have the following drawbacks: (1) non-isolated resistive voltage division scheme: although the circuit is simple, the heat sensitive device part inside the module is not isolated from the low-voltage control circuit, so that the basic insulation requirement can be ensured; (2) an isolation sampling mode of a linear isolator is adopted: the linear isolation chip is used, and the linear isolation chip has larger precision influence caused by temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain error and the like and has higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a temperature sampling circuit, a circuit board, a motor controller and an electric automobile, which have better anti-interference capability by converting the resistance value of a thermosensitive device into digital signal transmission, and can reduce the precision influence of temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain errors and the like caused by adopting a linear isolation device.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the problems that:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a temperature sampling circuit, which comprises an IGBT module, a self-oscillating circuit, a digital isolator and a main control chip, wherein a thermosensitive device is arranged in the IGBT module, the IGBT module is connected with the self-oscillating circuit through the thermosensitive device, the output end of the self-oscillating circuit is connected with the input end of the digital isolator, and the output end of the digital isolator is connected with the input end of the main control chip.
Further, the self-oscillating circuit is provided with a third resistor, a filter capacitor and a comparator, a first input pin of the comparator is connected with a power supply port, a second input pin of the comparator is connected with a reference ground through the filter capacitor, the first input pin of the comparator is connected with an output end of the comparator through the third resistor, the second input pin of the comparator is connected with the output end of the comparator through a thermosensitive device, and the output end of the comparator is connected with the input end of the digital isolator.
Further, the self-oscillating circuit is further provided with a first resistor and a second resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the power supply port and the reference ground, and a first input pin of the comparator is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor.
Further, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor is between 1nF and 100 nF.
Further, the resistance value of the thermosensitive device becomes smaller as the temperature increases.
Further, the resistance value of the thermosensitive device becomes larger as the temperature increases.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a circuit board, and the temperature sampling circuit is arranged on the circuit board.
In a third aspect, the invention further provides a motor controller, which comprises a circuit board, wherein the circuit board is provided with the temperature sampling circuit.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, including a motor controller as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the temperature sampling circuit, the circuit board, the motor controller and the electric automobile, the electronic component and the thermosensitive device form the self-oscillating circuit, the resistance value of the thermosensitive device is converted into the digital signal with the frequency changing along with the resistance value, the temperature sampling circuit has better anti-interference capability relative to an analog signal, and the influence on the sampling signal precision in proportion caused by the power supply error can be reduced, so that the sampling precision is improved. The digital isolator can realize the required isolation requirement by adopting a universal digital isolator, on one hand, the precision influence of the linear isolator caused by temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain error and the like can be reduced, and on the other hand, the digital isolator has obvious cost saving compared with the linear isolator and obvious economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit employing an analog sampling scheme of non-isolated resistive voltage division;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an analog sampling scheme employing linear isolator isolation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, if not in conflict, the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, which is within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the situation known by the inventor, the mode of integrating an NTC resistor in an IGBT module and indirectly reflecting the temperature of the IGBT through the change of the resistance value of the NTC resistor is still the main mode of monitoring the temperature of the IGBT. After a certain circuit transformation, the changed NTC resistance value is reflected to the changed electric signal, the resistance value of the NTC can be reversely calculated by sampling the related information of the electric signal, and the temperature value is reversely calculated according to the corresponding relation between the resistance value and the temperature. The main flow mode at present is mainly realized in the following two modes:
1) Analog sampling of non-isolated resistive voltage division (as shown in fig. 1): the NTC is directly converted into a voltage signal in a resistor voltage division mode, the voltage signal is sent to AD sampling, and the NTC resistance value is reversely calculated according to the sampled voltage signal, so that the NTC temperature is obtained.
2) Analog sampling mode (as shown in fig. 2) using linear isolator isolation: the NTC is converted into a voltage signal in a resistor voltage division mode, the voltage signal is sent to an AD (analog-to-digital) sampling after passing through a linear isolation amplifier and a conditioning circuit, and the NTC resistance value is reversely calculated according to the sampled voltage signal, so that the NTC temperature is obtained.
Both analog sampling methods need to convert the resistance signal into a voltage signal by means of resistor voltage division, and the voltage signal output to the AD sampling method has a large relationship with the precision of the adopted power supply voltage. The lower power supply voltage precision can influence the sampling precision, and improving the precision of the power supply tends to increase the cost. Meanwhile, the two sampling modes have the following defects:
1) Non-isolated resistive voltage division mode: this approach, while simple in circuitry, has no isolation between the NTC portion inside the module and the low voltage control circuitry. Although the NTC and the IGBT chip are mutually independent in the IGBT, the functional insulation requirement between the NTC and the IGBT can only be ensured due to the failure displacement of the internal binding line and the like. For applications where the basic insulation is required, this approach does not meet the requirements of safety regulations.
2) An isolation sampling mode of a linear isolator is adopted: because of the need of isolating and transmitting analog signals, a common low-cost digital isolation device cannot be used, and a linear isolation chip is needed, and the linear isolation chip has larger precision influence and higher cost due to temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain error and the like.
Based on the above, the invention provides a temperature sampling circuit, a circuit board, a motor controller and an electric automobile, which have better anti-interference capability by converting the resistance value of a thermosensitive device into digital signals for transmission, and can reduce the precision influence of temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain errors and the like caused by adopting a linear isolation device.
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 3-4, one embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature sampling circuit, which includes an IGBT module, a self-oscillating circuit, a digital isolator, and a main control chip, wherein a thermosensitive device is disposed in the IGBT module, the IGBT module is connected with the self-oscillating circuit through the thermosensitive device, an output end of the self-oscillating circuit is connected with an input end of the digital isolator, and an output end of the digital isolator is connected with an input end of the main control chip. It should be noted that the thermosensitive device is an NTC resistor or PTC resistor. When the thermosensitive device is an NTC resistor, the resistance value of the NTC resistor becomes smaller along with the temperature rise; when the thermosensitive device is a PTC resistor, the resistance value of the PTC resistor becomes large as the temperature increases.
In the embodiment of the present invention, NTC resistors are taken as an example, and PTC resistors are the same as the NTC resistors and will not be described in detail.
The self-oscillating circuit is provided with a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a filter capacitor C and a comparator, wherein the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series between a power supply port and a reference ground, a positive pin of the comparator is connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, a negative pin of the comparator is connected with the reference ground through the filter capacitor C, a positive pin of the comparator is connected with an output end of the comparator through the third resistor R3, a negative pin of the comparator is connected with an output end of the comparator through an NTC resistor, and an output end of the comparator is connected with an input end of the digital isolator. The self-oscillating circuit is formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the filter capacitor C and the NTC resistor in the IGBT module, and the resistance value of the NTC resistor is converted into a digital signal with the frequency changing along with the resistance value.
It is noted that the self-oscillating circuit part can also be realized by a schmitt inverter, and the structure is simpler.
Since the NTC resistance varies from hundreds of ohms to hundreds of kiloohms in a wider temperature range (-40 ℃ to 150 ℃), the oscillation frequency is set between hundreds of Hz to hundreds of kHz in consideration of the capability of the main control chip MCU for pulse sampling and the pulse frequency resolution capability. Meanwhile, considering the loss influence of NTC, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor C can be selected between 1nF and 100 nF.
Preferably, the capacitance of the filter capacitor C in this embodiment is 10nF. Reasonable oscillating resistance values can be configured according to the value of C, the oscillating frequency and the threshold value. The resistance value selected in this embodiment is as follows, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is 3.3kΩ, the resistance value of the second resistor R2 is 2kΩ, and the resistance value of the third resistor R3 is 4.7kΩ.
The comparator may be a comparator with a PUSH-PULL output or may be an open drain comparator plus a PUSH-PULL form.
The comparator, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 form a hysteresis comparator with accurate threshold values, and the two threshold values are respectively as follows:
wherein VOH and VOL are the high level voltage and the low level voltage values output by the comparator, respectively. In a specific embodiment, VT1, VT2 is 2.51V and 1.55V, respectively.
The hysteresis comparator, the filter capacitor C and the NTC resistor form a self-oscillation circuit together, a rectangular pulse signal with a certain frequency is generated by oscillation, and the period and the frequency of the oscillation circuit and the resistance value of the NTC resistor have the following relation: the oscillation period corresponding to NTC resistance values at different temperatures is as follows:
the oscillation frequency is:
the digital signals are transmitted to a pulse counting port of the MCU for counting after being isolated by the digital isolator, so that the frequency and the period of the signals are obtained, the resistance value of the current NTC resistor is corresponding, and the temperature of the NTC resistor is obtained. The resistance of the NTC resistor becomes smaller with the temperature rise, and in a specific embodiment, the corresponding frequency range is 935 Hz-660 kHz when the temperature is changed from minus 40 ℃ to 150 ℃.
In specific implementation, a self-oscillating circuit is formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the filter capacitor C and the NTC resistor, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is converted into a digital signal with the frequency changing along with the resistance value, the digital signal is transmitted to a port of the main control chip after being isolated by a common low-cost digital isolation device, the frequency of the signal is obtained by counting pulses, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is corresponding to the oscillation frequency, and the temperature of the NTC resistor is further calculated.
The self-oscillating circuit is formed by the electronic component and the NTC resistor, the NTC resistor is converted into a digital signal with the frequency changing along with the resistor, and the self-oscillating circuit has better anti-interference capability relative to an analog signal, and can reduce the influence on the sampling signal precision in proportion to the power supply error, thereby improving the sampling precision. The digital isolator can realize the required isolation requirement by adopting a universal digital isolator, on one hand, the precision influence of the linear isolator caused by temperature drift, zero drift, nonlinearity, gain error and the like can be reduced, and on the other hand, the digital isolator has obvious cost saving compared with the linear isolator and obvious economic benefit.
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention also provides a circuit board, which is provided with the temperature sampling circuit.
In this embodiment, the circuit board may be a single-panel, double-panel or multi-layer circuit board; the circuit board may be a rigid circuit board composed of a phenolic paper laminate, an epoxy paper laminate, a polyester glass felt laminate or an epoxy glass cloth laminate, or may be a flexible circuit board composed of a polyester film, a polyimide film or a fluorinated ethylene propylene film.
In this embodiment, since the circuit board is provided with the temperature sampling circuit as described above, the circuit board of this embodiment has the functions or advantageous effects brought by the temperature sampling circuit in any of the embodiments described above. The self-oscillating circuit is formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the filter capacitor C and the NTC resistor, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is converted into a digital signal with the frequency changing along with the resistance value, the digital signal is transmitted to a port of a main control chip after being isolated by a common low-cost digital isolation device, the frequency of the signal is obtained by counting the pulse, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is corresponding to the oscillating frequency, and the temperature of the NTC resistor is further calculated.
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention also provides a motor controller, which includes a circuit board, where the circuit board is provided with the functions or the beneficial effects brought by the temperature sampling circuit in any embodiment. The self-oscillating circuit is formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the filter capacitor C and the NTC resistor, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is converted into a digital signal with the frequency changing along with the resistance value, the digital signal is transmitted to a port of a main control chip after being isolated by a common low-cost digital isolation device, the frequency of the signal is obtained by counting the pulse, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is corresponding to the oscillating frequency, and the temperature of the NTC resistor is further calculated.
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention also provides an electric vehicle, which includes the motor controller in any one of the embodiments described above. In this embodiment, since the electric vehicle includes the motor controller as described above, the electric vehicle of this embodiment has the functions or beneficial effects brought by the motor controller of any embodiment as described above, that is, the self-oscillating circuit is formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the filter capacitor C and the comparator and the NTC resistor, the resistance value of the NTC resistor is converted into a digital signal whose frequency varies with the resistance value, the digital signal is transmitted through a common low-cost digital isolation device in an isolated manner, and then sent to the port of the main control chip, the frequency of the pulse count acquisition signal is used to obtain the resistance value of the NTC resistor according to the oscillation frequency, and then the temperature of the NTC resistor is calculated.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention should be construed as being limited to the above embodiments as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means.
Claims (6)
1. A temperature sampling circuit, characterized in that: the self-oscillating circuit is provided with a third resistor, a filter capacitor and a comparator, a first input pin of the comparator is connected with a power supply port, a second input pin of the comparator is connected with a reference ground through the filter capacitor, a first input pin of the comparator is connected with an output end of the comparator through the third resistor, a second input pin of the comparator is connected with an output end of the comparator through the thermosensitive device, an output end of the comparator is connected to an input end of the digital isolator, the self-oscillating circuit is further provided with the first resistor and the second resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected between the power supply port and a reference ground in series, and a dielectric value nF 1-nF 1 is between the first resistor and the second resistor.
2. A temperature sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the resistance of the thermosensitive device becomes smaller as the temperature increases.
3. A temperature sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the resistance of the thermosensitive device becomes larger as the temperature increases.
4. A circuit board, characterized in that: a temperature sampling circuit according to any one of claims 1-3.
5. A motor controller, characterized by: a circuit board, said circuit board being provided with a temperature sampling circuit according to any one of claims 1-3.
6. An electric automobile, characterized in that: a motor controller comprising the device of claim 5.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201811513112.1A CN109682491B (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Temperature sampling circuit, circuit board, motor controller and electric automobile |
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CN201811513112.1A CN109682491B (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Temperature sampling circuit, circuit board, motor controller and electric automobile |
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CN109682491B true CN109682491B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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CN204144923U (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-02-04 | 江苏方程电力科技有限公司 | A kind of high-power IGBT temperature sampling protective circuit |
CN105842513A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-10 | 东风汽车公司 | Motor and power battery controller isolated sampling circuit |
CN207881859U (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-09-18 | 江门市地尔汉宇电器股份有限公司 | A kind of motor in electric automobile temperature sensing circuit |
CN209372257U (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市法拉第电驱动有限公司 | A kind of temperature sampling circuit, wiring board, electric machine controller and electric car |
Family Cites Families (1)
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JP6104512B2 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2017-03-29 | ローム株式会社 | Temperature detection device |
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2018
- 2018-12-11 CN CN201811513112.1A patent/CN109682491B/en active Active
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CN2735415Y (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2005-10-19 | 广州擎天实业有限公司 | Electromagnetic cooker controller |
WO2009024211A1 (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-02-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Temperature evaluation circuit |
CN102944737A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-27 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Intelligent sensor for measuring high current |
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