CN109682236B - Anticorrosive boats and ships high temperature heat exchanger - Google Patents
Anticorrosive boats and ships high temperature heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682236B CN109682236B CN201811594414.6A CN201811594414A CN109682236B CN 109682236 B CN109682236 B CN 109682236B CN 201811594414 A CN201811594414 A CN 201811594414A CN 109682236 B CN109682236 B CN 109682236B
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- tube
- shell
- heat exchange
- heat exchanger
- corrosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
- F28D7/028—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of at least one medium being helically coiled, the coils having a conical configuration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/006—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-corrosion high-temperature heat exchanger for ships, which comprises: the shell is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the shell gradually increases from the shell side outlet to the shell side inlet; the central tube is fixedly arranged in the shell, and the outer diameter of the central tube is gradually increased from the shell side outlet to the shell side inlet; the heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell in a surrounding mode, a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet are formed in two ends of the heat exchange tube respectively, and the diameter of the heat exchange tube is gradually reduced from the tube side inlet to the tube side outlet; relates to the field of heat exchanger parts of ships. The invention can prevent seawater in the shell from boiling at the inlet of the high-temperature medium to generate cavitation corrosion on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, and is beneficial to improving the safety and reliability of the heat exchanger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship heat exchanger parts, in particular to an anti-corrosion ship high-temperature heat exchanger.
Background
In order to meet the use and operation requirements, a ship power system needs to cool media such as high-temperature hot water, high-temperature steam and the like by adopting seawater. In the equipment for exchanging heat between seawater and high-temperature media, the safety and reliability are always the problems which are difficult to solve. Practical operating experience has shown that such high temperature heat exchangers suffer mainly from the following problems:
the tube side and the shell side of the high-temperature heat exchanger of the ship are made of BFe30-1-1 iron white copper, cooling water is seawater, and after the high-temperature heat exchanger runs for a long time, the seawater side tube wall at the inlet section of the high-temperature heat exchanger is seriously corroded, and a local area even generates corrosion perforation; the high-temperature heat exchanger is usually a coil heat exchanger, and after the coil is corroded and perforated, a high-temperature medium is directly mixed with seawater, so that the device cannot continue to work, even accidents are caused, and the safe and reliable operation of the whole ship power system is seriously influenced.
Practical operation experience shows that the corrosion problem of the heat exchange tube has the following rules:
(1) the corrosion problem only occurs in a high-temperature heat exchanger taking seawater as a cooling medium, and other high-temperature heat exchangers taking fresh water as the cooling medium do not have similar corrosion problems;
(2) all areas (mainly the 1 st to 3 rd circles of the inlet end of the heat measuring medium) with higher temperature of the heat side medium in the high-temperature heat exchanger are corroded, and the areas close to the outlet end of the heat measuring medium and with lower temperature are not corroded;
(3) the corrosion area of the heat exchange tube has large-area uniform corrosion and local corrosion, and the local area is subjected to corrosion perforation.
It can be seen that the combined action of high temperature and seawater is the main cause of severe corrosion of the heat exchange tubes. In addition, the surface appearance of most corrosion pits is horseshoe-shaped and is a typical appearance of cavitation erosion by microscopic observation and scanning of the surface of the corrosion area of the heat exchange tube. In summary, the wall surface temperature of the high-temperature section of the heat exchange tube is too high, so that seawater boils to form vacuoles, the metal protective film of the heat exchange tube is damaged by strong impact formed in the collapse process of the vacuoles, and the wall of the heat exchange tube is seriously corroded under the action of seawater and high temperature, so that the heat exchange tube is the root cause of the corrosion problem of the high-temperature heat exchanger. Therefore, the temperature of the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe at the inlet section of the heat measuring medium is reduced, the seawater is prevented from boiling to generate cavitation bubbles, and the method is an effective method for solving the corrosion problem of the high-temperature heat exchanger.
In order to relieve the corrosion problem of the heat exchange tube under the combined action of high temperature and seawater, organic heat insulation materials such as polyimide or polytetrafluoroethylene and the like with certain thickness can be sprayed on the outer wall of the high-temperature tube section, so that the wall surface temperature in the operation process is reduced; the wall thickness of the heat exchange tube bundle can be increased, the temperature of the outer wall surface is reduced, and meanwhile, the corrosion allowance is increased. However, the problem of falling off of the sprayed organic material exists, and the heat exchange efficiency between the thermal measurement medium and the seawater can be greatly reduced by the methods of spraying the organic material and increasing the thickness of the tube wall, so that the volume and the weight of the device can be increased on one hand, and the high-temperature section of the heat exchange tube can also move backwards on the other hand. Therefore, the method for reducing the temperature of the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube cannot fundamentally solve the problem of serious corrosion of the high-temperature heat exchanger for the ship under the combined action of high temperature and seawater, and cannot effectively improve the safety and reliability of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide the ship high-temperature heat exchanger which can greatly avoid the corrosion of the heat exchange tube and improve the safety and reliability of the ship high-temperature heat exchanger.
The invention provides an anti-corrosion high-temperature heat exchanger for ships, which comprises:
the shell is characterized in that the side walls of two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet;
a central tube fixedly disposed within the housing;
the heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell in a surrounding mode, a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet are formed in the two ends of the heat exchange tube respectively, the tube side inlet is formed in the tube side outlet, and the tube diameter of the heat exchange tube is gradually reduced.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the shell is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the shell is gradually increased from the pipe side inlet to the pipe side outlet.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the thickness of the cylinder wall of the shell is kept constant from the inlet of the pipe side to the outlet of the pipe side.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube spirally surrounds the central tube, the spiral diameter of the heat exchange tube is gradually increased from the tube side inlet to the tube side outlet.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the central tube is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the central tube is gradually increased from the tube side inlet to the tube side outlet.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the thickness of the pipe wall of the central pipe is kept constant from the pipe side inlet to the pipe side outlet.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the wall thickness of the heat exchange tube is kept constant from the tube side inlet to the tube side outlet.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the central tube is arranged at the position of the central shaft of the shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the anti-corrosion ship high-temperature heat exchanger adopts the heat exchange pipe with the variable pipe diameter, the pipe diameter is larger at the inlet of a high-temperature medium, namely the pipe side inlet of the heat exchange pipe, the flow velocity of the high-temperature medium is lower, the convection heat exchange coefficient of the high-temperature medium is smaller, the heat exchange temperature difference between the high-temperature medium and the inner wall of the pipe is larger, the surface temperature of the pipe wall is lower, and the seawater in a shell can be prevented from boiling at the position to generate cavitation corrosion on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe; and in the exit of high temperature medium, the pipe of heat exchange tube measures mouthful department promptly, and the pipe diameter is less, and the velocity of flow of high temperature medium is higher, and the heat transfer coefficient of convection current of high temperature medium is great, is favorable to improving intraductal heat transfer coefficient.
(2) According to the anti-corrosion ship high-temperature heat exchanger, the adopted seawater flow channel is a variable cross-section channel, the seawater flow cross-section area is smaller at the seawater outlet section, the seawater flow velocity is higher, the convection heat exchange coefficient of the seawater is larger, the heat exchange temperature difference between the seawater and the outer wall of the pipe is smaller, the surface temperature of the outer wall of the pipe is lower, and the seawater in the shell can be further prevented from boiling at the position to generate cavitation corrosion on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe; in the seawater inlet section, the flow cross section area of the seawater is large, the flow velocity of the seawater is low, and the flow resistance of the seawater in the flow channel is favorably reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a corrosion-resistant high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-shell, 11-shell side inlet, 12-shell side outlet, 2-center tube, 3-heat exchange tube, 31-tube side inlet, and 32-tube side outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-corrosion high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship, including:
the device comprises a shell 1, wherein the side walls of two ends of the shell 1 are respectively provided with a shell side inlet 11 and a shell side outlet 12;
a central tube 2 fixedly arranged inside the housing 1;
the heat exchange tube 3 is arranged in the shell 1 in a surrounding mode and is arranged around the central tube 2, a tube side inlet 31 and a tube side outlet 32 are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat exchange tube 3, and the tube diameter of the heat exchange tube 3 is gradually reduced along the tube side inlet 31 to the tube side outlet 32.
It should be noted that, in practical use, the shell-side inlet 11 and the tube-side outlet 32 of the high-temperature heat exchanger of the ship are usually located on the same side of the shell 1, and the shell-side outlet 12 and the tube-side inlet 31 are usually located on the same side of the shell 1, so that the high-temperature medium in the heat exchange tube 3 and the seawater in the shell 1 form a counter flow, and a good heat exchange effect is achieved.
The anti-corrosion ship high-temperature heat exchanger adopts the heat exchange tube 3 with the variable tube diameter, the tube diameter is larger at the inlet of a high-temperature medium, namely the tube side inlet 31 of the heat exchange tube 3, the flow velocity of the high-temperature medium is lower, the convection heat exchange coefficient of the high-temperature medium is smaller, the heat exchange temperature difference between the high-temperature medium and the inner wall of the tube is larger, the surface temperature of the tube wall is lower, and the seawater in the shell 1 can be prevented from boiling at the position to generate cavitation corrosion on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3; and at the outlet of the high-temperature medium, namely the pipe measuring outlet 32 of the heat exchange pipe 3, the pipe diameter is smaller, the flow velocity of the high-temperature medium is higher, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the high-temperature medium is larger, so that the improvement of the heat transfer coefficient in the pipe is facilitated.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the casing 1 has a cylindrical shape, and the inner diameter of the casing 1 gradually increases from the pipe-side inlet 31 to the pipe-side outlet 32; further, the thickness of the cylindrical wall of the housing 1 is kept constant along the pipe-side inlet 31 to the pipe-side outlet 32; in the shell 1, a gap space between the shell 1 and the central tube 2 forms a seawater flow channel, the inner diameter of the shell 1 is gradually increased from a tube side inlet 31 to a tube side outlet 32, namely the cross-sectional area of the seawater flow channel is gradually increased, and when seawater flows in from a shell side inlet 11, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is larger, the flow velocity of the seawater is lower, and the flow resistance is small; when seawater flows into the outlet 12 close to the shell side, the cross section of the flow channel at the position is smaller, the flow velocity of the seawater is higher, and the convection heat transfer coefficient of the seawater is larger, so that the temperature of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3 can be effectively reduced, the seawater is further prevented from boiling at the position to generate cavitation corrosion on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3, and the safety and reliability of the high-temperature heat exchanger of the ship are improved; the thickness of the wall of the shell 1 is kept unchanged, the appearance is more attractive, the shell 1 is convenient to process, and the production cost can be reduced.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the heat exchange tubes 3 are spirally wound around the center tube 2, and the spiral diameter of the heat exchange tubes 3 is gradually increased from the tube-side inlet 31 to the tube-side outlet 32. As shown in fig. 1, the heat exchange tube 3 may be formed by stacking one spiral coil or a plurality of spiral coils, which is not shown in the figure, and can be freely selected according to actual use requirements, and is flexible to use and wide in application scene.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the central tube 2 has a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the central tube 2 gradually increases from the tube-side inlet 31 to the tube-side outlet 32; further, the wall thickness of the central tube 2 remains constant along the tube-side inlet 31 to the tube-side outlet 32; the central tube 2 is matched with the inner space of the shell 1 and the arrangement mode of the heat exchange tubes 3, and a circulation channel is provided for seawater circulation.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the tube wall thickness of the heat exchange tube 3 is kept constant along the tube-side inlet 31 to the tube-side outlet 32; the wall thickness of the heat exchange tube 3 is kept unchanged, so that the heat exchange condition between the high-temperature medium in the heat exchange tube 3 and the seawater in the shell 1 is not influenced by the wall thickness.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the center pipe 2 is provided at a central axis position of the housing 1; the central tube 2 is arranged at the central axis position of the shell 1, so that seawater circulation channels in the shell 1 are kept in bilateral symmetry, uniform cooling of high-temperature media in the heat exchange tube 3 is facilitated, and the using effect is better.
Various modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art, and they are also within the scope of the present invention, provided they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
What is not described in detail in the specification is prior art that is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. An anti-corrosive high temperature heat exchanger for a ship, comprising:
the device comprises a shell (1), wherein the side walls of two ends of the shell (1) are respectively provided with a shell side inlet (11) and a shell side outlet (12);
a central tube (2) fixedly arranged inside the shell (1);
encircle at casing (1) inside heat exchange tube (3) that center tube (2) set up, heat exchange tube (3) both ends are provided with pipe side import (31), pipe side export (32) respectively, follow pipe side import (31) extremely pipe side export (32), the pipe diameter of heat exchange tube (3) reduces gradually, follows pipe side import (31) extremely pipe side export (32), the internal diameter crescent of casing (1).
2. The corrosion-resistant, high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship of claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) is cylindrical.
3. The corrosion-resistant marine high temperature heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the wall of the housing (1) remains constant along the pipe-side inlet (31) to the pipe-side outlet (32).
4. The corrosion-resistant, high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange tube (3) spirally surrounds the central tube (2), and the spiral diameter of the heat exchange tube (3) is gradually increased along the tube side inlet (31) to the tube side outlet (32).
5. The corrosion-resistant, high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship of claim 1, wherein: the central tube (2) is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the central tube (2) is gradually increased from the tube side inlet (31) to the tube side outlet (32).
6. The corrosion-resistant marine high temperature heat exchanger of claim 5, wherein: the wall thickness of the central tube (2) remains constant along the tube-side inlet (31) to the tube-side outlet (32).
7. The corrosion-resistant, high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship of claim 1, wherein: the wall thickness of the heat exchange tubes (3) is kept constant along the tube-side inlet (31) to the tube-side outlet (32).
8. The corrosion-resistant, high-temperature heat exchanger for a ship of claim 1, wherein: the central tube (2) is arranged at the central shaft position of the shell (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811594414.6A CN109682236B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Anticorrosive boats and ships high temperature heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811594414.6A CN109682236B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Anticorrosive boats and ships high temperature heat exchanger |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109682236A CN109682236A (en) | 2019-04-26 |
| CN109682236B true CN109682236B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811594414.6A Active CN109682236B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Anticorrosive boats and ships high temperature heat exchanger |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4176297B2 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2008-11-05 | パロマ工業株式会社 | Water heater |
| CZ309413B6 (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2022-12-14 | Jindřich Ing. Tesař | Helical heat exchanger with variable flow area |
| JP2012233609A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-11-29 | Panasonic Corp | Hot water storage tank for fuel cell, and power generation system |
| CN202304494U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江真空设备集团有限公司 | Vacuum heat exchanger |
| CN103090703B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2016-02-03 | 上海光建传动控制设备有限公司 | Rotational flow heat exchanger |
| CN203358863U (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-12-25 | 南京中船绿洲环保有限公司 | Ship central cooling system |
| CN204444060U (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-07-08 | 重庆勤发食品有限公司 | Peach sheet slurry cooling device |
| CN108721926B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2021-04-27 | 东南大学 | Horizontal pipe falling film evaporator |
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2018
- 2018-12-25 CN CN201811594414.6A patent/CN109682236B/en active Active
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| CN109682236A (en) | 2019-04-26 |
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