CN109677026A - 一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材 - Google Patents

一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材 Download PDF

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CN109677026A
CN109677026A CN201811579361.0A CN201811579361A CN109677026A CN 109677026 A CN109677026 A CN 109677026A CN 201811579361 A CN201811579361 A CN 201811579361A CN 109677026 A CN109677026 A CN 109677026A
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modified asphalt
coiled material
waterproof coiled
asphalt waterproof
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CN109677026B (zh
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曾新龙
李世财
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Cnpc Jiahui Guangdong Waterproof Co ltd
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Cnpc Jiahui Waterproof Technology Wuhan Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，包括主转轴，所述主转轴的外侧安装有改性沥青防水卷材，所述改性沥青防水卷材的外表面设置有防滑凸起，所述防滑凸起包括耐磨外表胶质层、耐腐蚀层、阻燃层、第一内防水层、第一隔离层、抗断裂层、胎基层、第二内防水层和聚氨酯胶层，所述耐磨外表胶质层的底面安装有耐腐蚀层，所述耐腐蚀层的下端面设置有阻燃层，所述阻燃层的底面安装有第一内防水层，所述第一内防水层的底面安装有第一隔离层，所述第一隔离层的下端面安装有抗断裂层，所述抗断裂层的底面安装有胎基层。本发明强度大，耐高温，耐寒，耐腐蚀，且抗拉强度大。

Description

一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材
技术领域
本发明涉及沥青防水卷材技术领域，具体为一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材。
背景技术
沥青防水卷材是指以沥青材料、胎料和表面撒布防黏材料等制成的成卷材料，又称油毡。常用于张贴式防水层。沥青防水卷材指的是有胎卷材和无胎卷材。凡是用厚纸或玻璃丝布、石棉布、棉麻织品等胎料浸渍石油沥青制成的卷状材料，称为有胎卷材；将石棉、橡胶粉等掺入沥青材料中，经碾压制成的卷状材料称为辊压卷材即无胎卷材。
但是，现有的沥青防水卷材拉伸强度低，不耐高温，低温环境容易断裂，表面容易因为长时间日晒，老化快，表面太光滑容易滑倒，安全性低；因此，不满足现有的需求，对此我们提出了一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，以解决上述背景技术中提出的现有的沥青防水卷材拉伸强度低，不耐高温，低温环境容易断裂，表面容易因为长时间日晒，老化快，表面太光滑容易滑倒，安全性低等问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，包括主转轴，所述主转轴的外侧安装有改性沥青防水卷材，所述改性沥青防水卷材的外表面设置有防滑凸起，所述防滑凸起包括耐磨外表胶质层、耐腐蚀层、阻燃层、第一内防水层、第一隔离层、抗断裂层、胎基层、第二内防水层和聚氨酯胶层，所述耐磨外表胶质层的底面安装有耐腐蚀层，所述耐腐蚀层的下端面设置有阻燃层，所述阻燃层的底面安装有第一内防水层，所述第一内防水层的底面安装有第一隔离层，所述第一隔离层的下端面安装有抗断裂层，所述抗断裂层的底面安装有胎基层，所述胎基层的下端面安装有第二内防水层，所述第二内防水层的外表面设置有聚氨酯胶层,所述胎基层包括第一保护层、高强度层和第二保护层，且高强度层位于第一保护层和第二保护层之间，所述高强度层包括横条和竖条，且横条与竖条之间交错排列。
优选的，所述耐磨外表胶质层包括镀铝膜层、氯丁橡胶层和第一改性沥青层，所述第一改性沥青层的上端面安装有氯丁橡胶层，所述氯丁橡胶层的上端面设置有镀铝膜层，所述氯丁橡胶层与第一改性沥青层通过竖直压接。
优选的，所述耐腐蚀层包括石棉布和碳纤维布，所述碳纤维布的上端面安装有石棉布。
优选的，所述抗断裂层包括碳纤维丝、钢丝和高强聚乙烯纤维，所述碳纤维丝、钢丝和高强聚乙烯纤维通过六边编织连接。
优选的，所述第一内防水层包括第二改性沥青层和耐寒层，所述第二改性沥青层的底面安装有耐寒层，所述耐寒层为氟醚橡胶。
优选的，所述第二内防水层包括第三改性沥青层和第二隔离层，所述第三改性沥青层的底面安装有第二隔离层。
优选的，所述胎基层为聚酯格栅层，且聚酯格栅层的格栅内部填充有碳纤维。
优选的，所述石棉布与碳纤维布表面贴合，所述石棉布与碳纤维布通过点胶连接。
优选的，所述镀铝膜层与氯丁橡胶层完全贴合，所述镀铝膜层与氯丁橡胶层通过PC胶连接。
优选的，所述氯丁橡胶层与防滑凸起完全贴合，所述氯丁橡胶层与防滑凸起为一体结构。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明通过改性沥青防水卷材的表面设置有防滑凸起可以在铺在铁路路基后有效防滑，对于铁路工作者有效提高安全性，通过氯丁橡胶层的表面安装有镀铝膜层可以有效防晒，降低该卷材的老化速度；
2、本发明通过碳纤维丝、钢丝和高强聚乙烯纤维三种素材自身的强度有效防断裂，且碳纤维丝、钢丝和高强聚乙烯纤维的六边形编织法使结构更紧密抗拉性更强，进一步有效防止卷材断裂；
3、本发明通过石棉布和碳纤维布对卷材进行双层耐腐蚀保护，可以应对一些酸性环境；
4、本发明通过设置胎基层大大的提高了改性沥青防水卷材的强度，通过在胎基层内增加高强度层来提高抗拉扯性，高强度层为高碳钢丝材质，通过该材质的设置提高防水卷材的拉力和强度，可提高防水卷材的承载能力，可避免防水卷材受温度应力产生裂缝，提到保温防裂的作用；
5、本发明通过第一改性沥青层的上方安装有氯丁橡胶层，氯丁橡胶层的耐磨性强可以对卷材内部进行有效的物理磨损保护。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的改性沥青防水卷材的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的耐磨外表胶质层的结构示意图；
图4为本发明的耐腐蚀层的结构示意图；
图5为本发明的抗断裂层的结构示意图；
图6为本发明的第一内防水层的结构示意图；
图7为本发明的第二内防水层的结构示意图；
图8为本发明的胎基层的爆炸图；
图9为本发明的高强度层的结构示意图。
图中：1、主转轴；2、改性沥青防水卷材；3、防滑凸起；4、耐磨外表胶质层；5、耐腐蚀层；6、阻燃层；7、第一内防水层；8、第一隔离层； 9、抗断裂层；10、胎基层；11、第二内防水层；12、聚氨酯胶层；13、镀铝膜层；14、氯丁橡胶层；15、第一改性沥青层；16、石棉布；17、碳纤维布；18、碳纤维丝；19、钢丝；20、高强聚乙烯纤维；21、第二改性沥青层；22、耐寒层；23、第三改性沥青层；24、第二隔离层；25、第一保护层；26、高强度层；27、第二保护层；28、横条；29、竖条。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
请参阅图1-7，本发明提供的一种实施例：一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，包括主转轴1，主转轴1的外侧安装有改性沥青防水卷材 2，改性沥青防水卷材2的外表面设置有防滑凸起3，通过改性沥青防水卷材2的表面设置有防滑凸起3可以在铺在铁路路基后有效防滑，对于铁路工作者有效提高安全性，防滑凸起3包括耐磨外表胶质层4、耐腐蚀层 5、阻燃层6、第一内防水层7、第一隔离层8、抗断裂层9、胎基层10、第二内防水层11和聚氨酯胶层12，耐磨外表胶质层4的底面安装有耐腐蚀层5，通过第一改性沥青层15的上方安装有氯丁橡胶层14，氯丁橡胶层14的耐磨性强可以对卷材内部进行有效的物理磨损保护，通过氯丁橡胶层14的表面安装有镀铝膜层13可以有效防晒，降低该卷材的老化速度，通过耐磨外表胶质层4、第一内防水层7和第二内防水层11进行有效防水，通过碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20三种素材自身的强度有效防断裂，且碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20的六边形编织法使结构更紧密抗拉性更强，进一步有效防止卷材断裂，可以承受铁路以及铁车碾压，通过石棉布16和碳纤维布17对卷材进行双层耐腐蚀保护，可以应对一些酸性环境，碳纤维布17还能进一步提高卷材的强度，耐腐蚀层5的下端面设置有阻燃层6，阻燃层6的底面安装有第一内防水层7，第一内防水层7的底面安装有第一隔离层8，第一隔离层8的下端面安装有抗断裂层9，抗断裂层9的底面安装有胎基层10，胎基层10的设置大大的提高了改性沥青防水卷材的强度，胎基层10的下端面安装有第二内防水层11，第二内防水层11的外表面设置有聚氨酯胶层12，胎基层10包括第一保护层25、高强度层26和第二保护层27，且高强度层26 位于第一保护层25和第二保护层27之间，高强度层26包括横条28和竖条29，且横条28与竖条29之间交错排列，通过相互交错排列的设置让条28和竖条29之间互相牵引，从而相互抵消受拉扯时的力，达到提高抗拉扯的性能。
进一步，耐磨外表胶质层4包括镀铝膜层13、氯丁橡胶层14和第一改性沥青层15，第一改性沥青层15的上端面安装有氯丁橡胶层14，氯丁橡胶层14的上端面设置有镀铝膜层13，氯丁橡胶层14与第一改性沥青层15通过竖直压接，通过氯丁橡胶层14有效耐磨，压接形式连接紧密连接状态好。
进一步，耐腐蚀层5包括石棉布16和碳纤维布17，碳纤维布17的上端面安装有石棉布16，石棉布16和碳纤维布17高强的化学性质具有耐酸耐腐蚀性能。
进一步，抗断裂层9包括碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20，碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20通过六边编织连接，通过碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20三种素材自身的强度有效防断裂，且碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20的六边形编织法使结构更紧密抗拉性更强，进一步有效防止卷材断裂。
进一步，第一内防水层7包括第二改性沥青层21和耐寒层22，第二改性沥青层21的底面安装有耐寒层22，耐寒层22为氟醚橡胶，通过耐寒层22使该卷材可以在低温环境下工作。
进一步，第二内防水层11包括第三改性沥青层23和第二隔离层24，第三改性沥青层23的底面安装有第二隔离层24，通过第二内防水层11 进一步防水。
进一步，胎基层10为聚酯格栅层，且聚酯格栅层的格栅内部填充有碳纤维，使胎基层10的强度大大提高。
进一步，石棉布16与碳纤维布17表面贴合，石棉布16与碳纤维布 17通过点胶连接。
进一步，镀铝膜层13与氯丁橡胶层14完全贴合，镀铝膜层13与氯丁橡胶层14通过PC胶连接，通过镀铝膜层13可以降低日晒对卷材的损伤。
进一步，氯丁橡胶层14与防滑凸起3完全贴合，氯丁橡胶层14与防滑凸起3为一体结构，通过防滑凸起3可以在铺在铁路路基后有效防滑，对于铁路工作者有效提高安全性。
工作原理：使用时，在铁路的路基铺上一层细水泥，干燥后打磨平整，将该卷材放置到细水泥上表面，展开铺设，铺设时使用热风枪将聚氨酯胶层12热熔后再进行贴合，贴合效果更好，通过改性沥青防水卷材2的表面设置有防滑凸起3可以在铺在铁路路基后有效防滑，对于铁路工作者有效提高安全性，通过第一改性沥青层15的上方安装有氯丁橡胶层14，氯丁橡胶层14的耐磨性强可以对卷材内部进行有效的物理磨损保护，通过氯丁橡胶层14的表面安装有镀铝膜层13可以有效防晒，降低该卷材的老化速度，通过耐磨外表胶质层4、第一内防水层7和第二内防水层11进行有效防水，通过碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20三种素材自身的强度有效防断裂，且碳纤维丝18、钢丝19和高强聚乙烯纤维20 的六边形编织法使结构更紧密抗拉性更强，进一步有效防止卷材断裂，可以承受铁路以及铁车碾压，通过石棉布16和碳纤维布17对卷材进行双层耐腐蚀保护，可以应对一些酸性环境，碳纤维布17还能进一步提高卷材的强度。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。

Claims (10)

1.一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，包括主转轴(1)，其特征在于：所述主转轴(1)的外侧安装有改性沥青防水卷材(2)，所述改性沥青防水卷材(2)的外表面设置有防滑凸起(3)，所述防滑凸起(3)包括耐磨外表胶质层(4)、耐腐蚀层(5)、阻燃层(6)、第一内防水层(7)、第一隔离层(8)、抗断裂层(9)、胎基层(10)、第二内防水层(11)和聚氨酯胶层(12)，所述耐磨外表胶质层(4)的底面安装有耐腐蚀层(5)，所述耐腐蚀层(5)的下端面设置有阻燃层(6)，所述阻燃层(6)的底面安装有第一内防水层(7)，所述第一内防水层(7)的底面安装有第一隔离层(8)，所述第一隔离层(8)的下端面安装有抗断裂层(9)，所述抗断裂层(9)的底面安装有胎基层(10)，所述胎基层(10)的下端面安装有第二内防水层(11)，所述第二内防水层(11)的外表面设置有聚氨酯胶层(12)，所述胎基层(10)包括第一保护层(25)、高强度层(26)和第二保护层(27)，且高强度层(26)位于第一保护层(25)和第二保护层(27)之间，所述高强度层(26)包括横条(28)和竖条(29)，且横条(28)与竖条(29)之间交错排列。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述耐磨外表胶质层(4)包括镀铝膜层(13)、氯丁橡胶层(14)和第一改性沥青层(15)，所述第一改性沥青层(15)的上端面安装有氯丁橡胶层(14)，所述氯丁橡胶层(14)的上端面设置有镀铝膜层(13)，所述氯丁橡胶层(14)与第一改性沥青层(15)通过竖直压接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述耐腐蚀层(5)包括石棉布(16)和碳纤维布(17)，所述碳纤维布(17)的上端面安装有石棉布(16)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述抗断裂层(9)包括碳纤维丝(18)、钢丝(19)和高强聚乙烯纤维(20)，所述碳纤维丝(18)、钢丝(19)和高强聚乙烯纤维(20)通过六边编织连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述第一内防水层(7)包括第二改性沥青层(21)和耐寒层(22)，所述第二改性沥青层(21)的底面安装有耐寒层(22)，所述耐寒层(22)为氟醚橡胶。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述第二内防水层(11)包括第三改性沥青层(23)和第二隔离层(24)，所述第三改性沥青层(23)的底面安装有第二隔离层(24)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述胎基层(10)为聚酯格栅层，且聚酯格栅层的格栅内部填充有碳纤维。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述石棉布(16)与碳纤维布(17)表面贴合，所述石棉布(16)与碳纤维布(17)通过点胶连接。
9.根据权利要求2所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述镀铝膜层(13)与氯丁橡胶层(14)完全贴合，所述镀铝膜层(13)与氯丁橡胶层(14)通过PC胶连接。
10.根据权利要求2所述的一种铁路路基用改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于：所述氯丁橡胶层(14)与防滑凸起(3)完全贴合，所述氯丁橡胶层(14)与防滑凸起(3)为一体结构。
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