CN109670709A - Goods transportation method and system based on crowdsourcing public transportation system - Google Patents
Goods transportation method and system based on crowdsourcing public transportation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a goods transportation method and system based on a crowdsourcing public transportation system, which aim to realize low-cost and efficient transportation of goods. The method comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of preselected paths for transporting goods, each preselected path being associated with a vehicle trip of at least one bus route; determining a current path for transporting goods from a plurality of preselected paths according to a preset time model and time historical data of each station of the preselected paths when a vehicle travel associated with the preselected paths reaches; generating a multicycle directed multi-graph based on the current path; determining a group of state arcs of which the result time flow of the time period model is smaller than a first threshold value as a current scheduling strategy according to the multicycle directed multigraph and a preset constraint condition; and determining the idle transport capacity of each vehicle journey in the current path, and scheduling part of goods of the current station to wait or wait again at the current station according to the current scheduling strategy and the preset loading priority strategy if the idle transport capacity of the vehicle journey to the current station is insufficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to logistics technology, and in particular to a kind of freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system
And system.
Background technique
The quantity sustainable growth of the product of online ordering at present, the cargo delivering amount generated by online ordering in 2013 is
Through to the present, all quickling increase every year within then several years more than 1,000,000,000.Due to generally using so that cargo can be with for haulage vehicle
Distribute within the scope of whole day, this facilitate the sustainable developments of logistics.But logistics company is in cargo distribution problem
Lot of challenges is still faced, one of significant challenge is as how having cost-benefit mode to provide the convenient same day up to clothes
Business, further, since need to transport lot cargo, cargo when delivering consumed human resources and other resources be also continuously increased.
Meanwhile vehicle total amount of the logistics company for transporting cargo is very big, the so many logistics vehicles for transport are to air dirt
Dye and traffic congestion, which will generate, to be seriously affected, in the huge situation of the volume of traffic especially in city.
There are private car, taxi to be applied to the conception of cargo transport at present, but transportation cost is high and has not really
It is qualitative.Therefore, a kind of freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system is needed, so that cargo can be inexpensive and efficient
Transported in city scope.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of cargo fortune based on crowdsourcing public transportation system
Transmission method, comprising:
According to the vehicle of each public bus network in the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transportation system
Travel information determines that a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, pre-selection path described in each are associated at least one public bus network
Vehicle travel；
The time history of each website in the pre-selection path is reached according to the pre-selection associated vehicle travel in path
Data establish time segment model of the cargo through pre-selection path transport for every pre-selection path；
The current path of cargo is transported by determining in a plurality of pre-selection path according to the time segment model；Wherein, institute
State current path meet it is most short by the history run time of the start site to the purpose website, the start site away from rise
Initial point and the sum of the distance of the purpose website away from destination are most short；
A multicycle oriented more figures are generated based on the current path, the node of multicycle oriented more figures is described
Preselect the set of the path website for including and the vehicle travel, the number of edges of multicycle oriented more figures according to for characterization cargo by
State arc when any adjacent sites jump when the pre-selection path transport, the state arc include waiting arc, traveling arc, again
Wait arc and unloading arc；
According to the multicycle oriented more figures and default constraint condition, the result time flow of the time segment model is determined
Less than state arc described in one group of first threshold value as current scheduling strategy；
The idle transport power of each vehicle travel in the current path is determined, if reaching the vehicle row of current site
When the idle transport power deficiency of journey, according to the current scheduling strategy and the default portion for loading preference strategy and dispatching the current site
Distribution of goods object wait in the current site or be waited again.
It is described in one of the embodiments, to be dispatched according to the current scheduling strategy with the default loading preference strategy
The partial cargo of the current site the current site carry out wait or again wait after, further include update the state arc,
The vehicle travel is not loaded cargo in the volume and the current site that the current site loads cargo and needs again
The serial number of the vehicle travel waited.
In one of the embodiments, according to the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transport system
The vehicle travel information of each public bus network in system determines a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, comprising:
Transport cargo is determined in each public bus network by being directly over the start site of cargo and the purpose website of cargo
The a plurality of pre-selection path；Alternatively,
Purpose website by start site and cargo respectively Jing Guo cargo and two with intersection different public bus networks
Composition each transfer line combination in determine transport cargo a plurality of pre-selection path.
It is described in one of the embodiments, that the pre-selection is reached according to the associated vehicle travel in the pre-selection path
The time history data of each website in path establish cargo through described in the transport of the pre-selection path for every pre-selection path
Time segment model, formula are as follows:
Each vehicle is determined according to the time history data that the vehicle travel reaches each website in the pre-selection path
Stroke reaches the time of each website；
The set for the time for reaching each website according to determining each vehicle travel establishes the time segment model.
The time segment model has following condition in one of the embodiments:
ξs={ ts: k=1,2 ... }； (1)
Wherein, ξsFor time flow, s is website, tsThe time of website s is reached for k-th of vehicle travel；
Definition scene tuple<S, P, TP>, first group membership
S={ s1, s2..., s|S|} (2)
P={ p1, p2..., p|P|}； (3)
pi=pI, o, d{ s, k, x, y, z, v }； (4)
TP={ k1, k2..., k|TP|}； (5)
Wherein, S is Website Hosting；P is cargo set；piFor goods information tuple, i is quantity of goods；The starting of o cargo
Website；D is the purpose website of cargo；TP is the vehicle travel group of given public bus network；Whether x characterization cargo is located in start site
In wait state；Whether y characterization cargo is in driving status；Whether z characterization cargo is in the wait state again in intermediate stations；
Whether v characterization cargo is in the state of being unloaded；
When the vehicle travel website s described in the kth, i.e., in the timeWhen, each cargo piThe state being in is expressed as follows:
Wait stateWherein
Driving statusWherein
Wait state againWherein
It is unloaded stateWherein
Then existMoment transports cargo piThe consumed timeIt is indicated by formula (6):
Setting state shifts decision variable wS, k, wherein
And
It is described in one of the embodiments, that a multicycle oriented more figures, packet are generated based on the current path
It includes:
A multicycle oriented more figures G (V, A) are generated based on the current path；The set of its interior joint V by (s,
K),Composition；
One skip list of the vehicle travel shows the state arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]l, wherein (s, k), (s ', k ')
The caudal apex and cephalad apex of the respectively described state arc, l are the subscript for indicating four kinds of states of cargo, each state arc
[(s, k), (s ', k ')]lNumber of edges is formed according to A；
Then the corresponding state arc of four kinds of states of cargo and the arc weight are expressed as follows:
The waiting arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]WAIT, the arc weight
The traveling arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]RIDE, the arc weight
The waiting arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]REWAIT, the arc weight
The unloading arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]UNLOAD, the arc weight W (es)=0；
The selection operation for the cargo that the multicycle oriented more figures G (V, A) includeBy indicating as follows:
The set of each state arc respectively indicates in the current path are as follows:
The default constraint condition in one of the embodiments, comprising:
s.t； (13)
Wherein, formula (13) is objective function, minimizes the elapsed time of cargo transport；
Formula (14) constrains each cargo piThe primary vehicle row must be passed through between any two adjacent websites
Journey is transported；
Formula (15) constrains at any timeCargo piCan only at most there be a state；
Transformational relation between four kinds of states of formula (16)-formula (19) constraint cargo；
The volume volp for the cargo that formula (20) constraint loadsiLess than or equal to vehicle travel free time transport power
Formula (21) indicatesIf when cargo be unloaded, the state of the cargo next time slot (i.e.Or) will not change；
Formula (22) statement variable W (s, k) is only just effective when all cargos are to be unloaded；
Formula (23) constraint ensures that, when completing transport task, the state of any cargo will remain unchanged；
The domain of formula (24) defined variable.
In one of the embodiments, in the determination current path each vehicle travel idle transport power, packet
It includes:
According to the volume of passengers quantity of the vehicle travel between any two adjacent sites and the cargo loaded
Determine the idle transport power of the vehicle travel.
The default loading preference strategy in one of the embodiments, comprising:
It is determined with genetic algorithm and loads the genetic algorithm strategy of priority, there is higher loading with the short cargo of transportation range
The distance priority strategy of priority and the cargo of cargo start site closer to place of departure have the higher starting-for loading priority
Stop a kind of tactful in strategy or at least two kinds of strategy combination.
The invention also discloses a kind of goods transport systems based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, comprising:
Path unit is preselected, for according to the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transportation system
In each public bus network vehicle travel information, determine a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, pre-selection path association described in each
At least one vehicle travel；
Period model unit, for reaching the pre-selection path according to the associated vehicle travel in the pre-selection path
Each website time history data, for every it is described pre-selection path establish cargo through it is described pre-selection path transport period mould
Type；
Current path determination unit, for transporting goods by determining in a plurality of pre-selection path according to the time segment model
The current path of object；Wherein, the current path meets by the start site to the history run time of the purpose website
Most short, the start site is most short away from starting point and the sum of the distance of the purpose website away from destination；
Period oriented more figure units generate a multicycle oriented more figures based on the current path, and the multicycle has
The node of Xiang Duotu is the set of pre-selection the path website for including and the vehicle travel, multicycle oriented more figures
Number of edges is according to state arc when being transported for characterization cargo by the pre-selection path when any adjacent sites jump, the state arc packet
It includes and waits arc, traveling arc, waits arc and unloading arc again；
Scheduling strategy determination unit is used for according to the multicycle oriented more figures and default constraint condition, when determining described
Between segment model result time flow less than state arc described in one group of first threshold value as current scheduling strategy；
Scheduling unit, for determining the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in the current path, if reaching when next stop
When the idle transport power deficiency of the vehicle travel of point, institute is dispatched according to the current scheduling strategy and the default preference strategy that loads
The partial cargo for stating current site wait in the current site or be waited again.
The freight transportation method and system based on crowdsourcing public transportation system of offer of the invention, using the period
Model determines the current path, oriented using searching algorithm and the constraint condition multicycle corresponding to the current path
More figures are solved, and are determined the current scheduling strategy and are dispatched the transport of cargo with the current scheduling strategy, work as in arrival
When the idle transport power deficiency of the vehicle travel of preceding website, according to the current scheduling strategy and the default preferential plan of loading
The partial cargo for slightly dispatching the current site wait in the current site or be waited again, more so as to application
Public bus network is realized cargo low cost and is efficiently transported in city scope.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process of the freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the cargo transport schematic diagram of traditional logistics mode；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the cargo of the embodiment of the present invention waits again in the intermediate stations of current path；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for the current path transport that the cargo of the embodiment of the present invention is combined by two lines road；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of multicycle oriented more figures of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the cargo coverage rate under the different number of paths and reach distance of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the signal of the vehicle travel range distribution under the different number of paths and transfer number of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the access times of the vehicle travel of the different public bus networks of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the access times of vehicle travel in each public bus network of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the vehicle travel usage quantity under the different quantity of goods of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the cargo state distribution under the different quantity of goods of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the cargo state distribution under the public bus network of the different number of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of signal of the goods transport systems based on crowdsourcing public transportation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment only
It is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Therefore, below to the reality of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, packet
It includes:
101, according to each public bus network in the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transportation system
Vehicle travel information, determines a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, and each preselects path and is associated at least one public bus network
Vehicle travel.
102, the time history data of each website in pre-selection path are reached according to the associated vehicle travel in pre-selection path, are every
Time segment model of the cargo through the transport of pre-selection path is established in item pre-selection path.
103, the current path of cargo is transported by determining in a plurality of pre-selection path according to time segment model；Wherein, current road
Diameter satisfaction is most short by the history run time of start site to purpose website, and start site is away from starting point and purpose website away from purpose
The sum of the distance on ground is most short.
104, a multicycle oriented more figures are generated based on current path, the node of multicycle oriented more figures is pre-selection path
Including website and vehicle travel set, the number of edges of multicycle oriented more figures according to for characterization cargo by when the transport of pre-selection path
State arc when arbitrary neighborhood website jumps, state arc include waiting arc, traveling arc, waiting arc and unloading arc again.
105, according to multicycle oriented more figures and default constraint condition, determine that the result time flow of time segment model is less than
One group of state arc of first threshold value is as current scheduling strategy.
106, the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in current path is determined, if reaching the free time of the vehicle travel of current site
When transport power deficiency, according to current scheduling strategy and the default partial cargo for loading preference strategy scheduling current site in current site
Wait or waits again.
It is illustrated in combination with fig. 2, the cargo transport schematic diagram of traditional logistics mode shown in Fig. 2, due to each logistics company
It will use themselves the independent dividually center home-delivery center (Central belonging to it of vehicle (lorry and city trolley)
Distribution Center, CDC) to its client distribute cargo, such as lorry 1, lorry 2 and the lorry 3 in figure, CD1, CD2 and
CDC3.Therefore a large amount of vehicle in use is needed, higher cost especially will increase traffic congestion and air pollution in city；
Meanwhile the reception and dispatching of most of logistics need to focus on it is some meet goods center and home-delivery center, efficiency will receive restriction.This
The freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system is used in application, when public transport has idle transport power, especially
It is non-peak period, can be transported with the cost low bottom of compared with to cargo, and the line that the public transportation system in city is related to
The total amount on road is very more, can implement the transport to cargo faster, realize efficient cargo transport.
The freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system of offer of the invention is worked as using the determination of time segment model
Preceding path solves current path corresponding multicycle oriented more figures using searching algorithm and constraint condition, determines current
Scheduling strategy and the transport that cargo is dispatched with current scheduling strategy, it is insufficient in the idle transport power for reaching the vehicle travel of current site
When, it is waited according to current scheduling strategy and the default partial cargo for loading preference strategy scheduling current site in current site
Or wait again, so as to apply more public bus networks, realizes cargo low cost and efficiently transported in city scope.
In optional embodiment, according to current scheduling strategy and the default part goods for loading preference strategy scheduling current site
Object further includes more new state arc, vehicle travel in current site loading cargo after current site wait or wait again
The serial number for the vehicle travel that cargo needs to wait again is not loaded in volume and current site.Updated above-mentioned data can
With the foundation as subsequent judgement, for example, the cargo that current site has been loaded into reach next website when, as itself and under
The cargo selection path of one website and the foundation for determining loading preference strategy, can also be used as the goods not being loaded in current site
Selection path and the determining foundation for loading preference strategy when object waits next vehicle travel.
In optional embodiment, according to the start site of cargo, cargo purpose website and crowdsourcing public transportation system in
The vehicle travel information of each public bus network determines a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, comprising:
Transport cargo is determined in each public bus network by being directly over the start site of cargo and the purpose website of cargo
A plurality of pre-selection path；Alternatively,
Purpose website by start site and cargo respectively Jing Guo cargo and two with intersection different public bus networks
Composition each transfer line combination in determine transport cargo a plurality of pre-selection path.
Such as the schematic diagram that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the cargo shown in Fig. 3 are waited again in the intermediate stations of current path, the current path
It can be the transport cargo determined in each public bus network of the purpose website of the start site and cargo by being directly over cargo
A plurality of pre-selection path in one (current path in such as Fig. 3), be also possible to by respectively pass through cargo start site and
Transport is determined in each transfer line combination of the composition of the purpose website of cargo and two different public bus networks with intersection
One (current path in such as Fig. 3) in a plurality of pre-selection path of cargo；Cargo (as waited cargo again) is in vehicle travel sky
When not busy transport power deficiency, waited again in intermediate stations.Fig. 4 shows the signal for the current path transport that cargo is combined by two lines road
Figure；When first/last one kilometer apart from it is relatively long when (start site is apart from client's place of departure/purpose website apart from client
Place of acceptance), it the use of transfer is to be badly in need of.Any two have in the public bus networks of intersection, wherein the terminal of public bus network #1
Point is fixed as the shortest website at a distance from public bus network #2, and cargo will unload at transfer website #1, then transport transfer
Website #2 waits the vehicle travel of upcoming public bus network #2 in transfer website #2 again.Obviously, arbitrarily have intersection can
Two public bus networks of transfer can be combined into a pre-selection path.
In optional embodiment, the time for each website for reaching pre-selection path according to the associated vehicle travel in pre-selection path is gone through
History data establish time segment model of the cargo through the transport of pre-selection path for every pre-selection path, and formula is as follows:
It is each to determine that each vehicle travel reaches according to the time history data that vehicle travel reaches each website in pre-selection path
The time of a website；
The set settling time segment model of the time of each website is reached according to determining each vehicle travel.
Time segment model has following condition in one of the embodiments:
ξs={ ts: k=1,2 ... }； (1)
Wherein, ξsFor time flow, s is website, tsThe time of website s is reached for k-th of vehicle travel；
Definition scene tuple<S, P, TP>, first group membership
S={ s1, s2..., s|s|} (2)
P={ p1, p2..., p|P|}； (3)
pi=pI, o, d{ s, k, x, y, z, v }； (4)
TP={ k1, k2..., k|TP|}； (5)
Wherein, S is Website Hosting；P is cargo set；piFor goods information tuple, i is quantity of goods；The starting of o cargo
Website；D is the purpose website of cargo；TP is the vehicle travel group of given public bus network；Whether x characterization cargo is located in start site
In wait state；Whether y characterization cargo is in driving status；Whether z characterization cargo is in the wait state again in intermediate stations；
Whether v characterization cargo is in the state of being unloaded；
As kth vehicle travel website s, i.e., in the timeWhen, each cargo piThe state being in is expressed as follows:
Wait stateWherein
Driving statusWherein
Wait state againWherein
It is unloaded stateWherein
Then existMoment transports cargo piThe consumed timeIt is indicated by formula (6):
Setting state shifts decision variable wS, k, wherein
And
In optional embodiment, a multicycle oriented more figures are generated based on current path, comprising:
Based on each time segment model at a multicycle oriented more figures G (V, A)；The set of its interior joint V by (s,
K),Composition；
One skip list of vehicle travel shows state arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]l, wherein (s, k), (s ', k ') is respectively shape
The caudal apex and cephalad apex of state arc, l are the subscript for indicating four kinds of states of cargo, each state arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]l
Number of edges is formed according to A；
The corresponding state arc of four kinds of states and arc weight of cargo are expressed as follows:
It waits arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]WAIT, arc weight
It travels arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]RIDE, arc weight
It waits arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]REWAIT, arc weight
It unloads arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]UNLOAD, arc weight W (es)=0；
The selection operation for the cargo that multicycle oriented more figures G (V, A) includeBy indicating as follows:
The set of each state arc respectively indicates in current path are as follows:
In optional embodiment, constraint condition is preset, comprising:
s.t； (13)
Wherein, formula (13) is objective function, minimizes the elapsed time of cargo transport；
Formula (14) constrains each cargo piBetween any two adjacent websites must by a vehicle travel come
Transport；
Formula (15) constrains at any timeCargo piCan only at most there be a state；
Transformational relation between four kinds of states of formula (16)-formula (19) constraint cargo；
The volume volp for the cargo that formula (20) constraint loadsiLess than or equal to vehicle travel free time transport power
Formula (21) indicatesIf when cargo be unloaded, the state of the cargo next time slot (i.e.Or) will not change；
Formula (22) statement variable W (s, k) is only just effective when all cargos are to be unloaded；
Formula (23) constraint ensures that, when completing transport task, the state of any cargo will remain unchanged；
The domain of formula (24) defined variable.
It is illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of multicycle oriented more figures, wherein cargo piIt is intended to from its initiating station
Point oiTransport its targeted sites di.The cargo is initially in start site oiWait, when vehicle travel k1When coming, it can be taken
The vehicle is to next website.If vehicle travel encounters peak period (space limitation), cargo will unload simultaneously in intermediate stations
Vehicle travel next time is waited again, in order to avoid influence passenger experience.Finally, the cargo takes k2Vehicle travel is in website diPlace's unloading,
Wherein k2> k1.Note that due to the time sequencing of vehicle travel and the direction of public bus network, the current path for transporting cargo can be with
It is rendered as continuous broken line and every sub- fold line direction is all to the right or downwards.
In optional embodiment, the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in current path is determined, comprising:
According to the volume determination of passengers quantity and the cargo that has loaded of the vehicle travel between any two adjacent sites
The idle transport power of vehicle travel.
In optional embodiment, presets and loads preference strategy, comprising:
It is determined with genetic algorithm and loads the genetic algorithm strategy of priority, there is higher loading with the short cargo of transportation range
The distance priority strategy of priority and the cargo of cargo start site closer to place of departure have the higher starting-for loading priority
Stop a kind of tactful in strategy or at least two kinds of strategy combination.
Disclosed a kind of freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system according to the present invention, is tested and is divided
Analysis:
Using Chinese Changsha 10 points of population thermal map at night, at night 10 when, most people is in, so the period
Population distribution can represent cargo distribution.We generate the cargo comprising its beginning and end using population thermal map and are distributed, and
More block/the street of population will trigger more cargo distributions.Cargo is from the block in neighbouring street and reach distance
It collects, reach distance is defined as the coverage area of any one website, when starting point is in the coverage area of bus stop,
Cargo can be transported under our Transportation Model.Cargo covering under difference number of paths as shown in Figure 6 and reach distance
The schematic diagram of rate shows that cargo coverage rate increases with the increase of reach distance.In addition, when the route quantity used increases
When, crowdsourcing public transportation system can transport more cargos.As Fig. 7 shows the vehicle under different number of paths and transfer number
The schematic diagram of stroke distances distribution.The vehicle travel distance of any cargo consists of three parts: 1, travelling, any vehicle travel
On cargo distance；2, transfer, the distance of the transfer website of the transfer website of public bus network #1 to public bus network #2；First 3 ,/
Last one kilometer, cargo are transmitted to start site/targeted sites distance from start point/end point.If not allowing transfer, the
The mileage longest of one/last one kilometer, reason are that a cargo can only use a specific public transport line in this mechanism
Road, which has limited coverage areas.Correspondingly, transfer only occurs between selected transfer website, vehicle travel needs to travel one
Section distance is to reach transfer website, therefore the mechanism for allowing transfer consumes more path distances during transportation.
The vehicle travel number statistical result used is as follows:
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the access times of the vehicle travel of different public bus networks, that is, when giving quantity of goods, with
Different public bus network quantity change used vehicle travel quantity.It should be noted that there are hundreds of public bus networks in Changsha, but
In view of its feasibility and validity, wherein only part can participate in mould involved in our crowdsourcing public transportation system
Type.This diagram depicts the highest public bus networks of coverage rate, and giving has 1000 cargo delivery tasks generated at random, with institute
The quantity for the public bus network being related to increases, therefore the public bus network that identified current path can utilize will increase.Meanwhile
Average each public bus network will use less vehicle travel that will subtract this is because cargo will be assigned to various public bus networks
The resource requirement and workload of few every public bus network.
Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram of the access times of vehicle travel in each public bus network.It is selected when a total of 10
Public bus network when, this 10 public bus networks are that the city coverage rate is highest, in this 10 selected public bus networks, ranking
The public bus network of first three undertakes about 88% cargo transport task, other public bus networks are merely responsible for providing about 12% cargo transport
Task.
Figure 10 shows the schematic diagram of the vehicle travel usage quantity under different quantity of goods.For different transport tasks
In quantity of goods, the access times (average value, maximum value and minimum value) of 10 public bus networks.When delivery tasks include more
When cargo, needs there are more transport capacity resources in each public bus network used, more vehicle travels is caused to be used.
The state distribution of cargo is as follows:
Figure 11 show the cargo state under different quantity of goods distribution schematic diagram, quantity of goods from 200 to 1000 not
Deng with the increase of quantity of goods, due to being increased to the average shipping time of transport capacity resource increase in demand, cargo.In addition, working as
When transport task includes more cargos, it will lead to more waiting time again due to transport capacity resource contention, when allowing to wait again.But
From the macroscopic perspective of the cargo transport in a city, allowing to wait again more effectively to be transported using more public bus networks
It is defeated, more powerful transport capacity is provided to transport wider and more cargos, to reduce transportation cost and improve efficiency.
Figure 12 shows the schematic diagram of the distribution of the cargo state under the public bus network of different number.With the number of public bus network
Amount increases, and the average of delivering goods is gradually decreased using the time.This is because cargo transport task is assigned to more public transport lines
Road, therefore alleviate the workload of every public bus network.Because all cargos are first sent to the starting station of corresponding public bus network,
1, the time waited is very short, because can load cargo when vehicle travel brings into operation；2, since transportation range is longer,
Increased using the time very much.For allowing to wait method again with different loading priority policies, has wait again as the result is shown
Method compare and always use the time to grow without the method that waits again, this is because in allowing waiting method again, each vehicle row
Journey can load more cargos, these cargos are likely to be unloaded in website later to ensure passenger experience, therefore increased
The waiting time increases total time again.
As shown in figure 13, the invention also discloses a kind of goods transport systems based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, comprising:
Path unit 201 is preselected, for according to the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transport system
The vehicle travel information of each public bus network in system, determine transport cargo a plurality of pre-selection path, each pre-selection path be associated with to
A few vehicle travel；
Period model unit 202, for reaching each website in pre-selection path according to the associated vehicle travel in pre-selection path
Time history data, for every pre-selection path establish cargo through pre-selection path transport time segment model；
Current path determination unit 203, for transporting cargo by determining in a plurality of pre-selection path according to time segment model 202
Current path；Wherein, current path meet it is most short by the history run time of start site to purpose website, start site away from
The sum of the distance of starting point and purpose website away from destination is most short；
Multicycle oriented more figure units 204, for generating a multicycle oriented more figures based on current path, the multicycle has
The node of Xiang Duotu is the set for preselecting the path website for including and vehicle travel, and the number of edges evidence of multicycle oriented more figures is characterization
For cargo by state arc when any adjacent sites the jump when transport of pre-selection path, state arc includes waiting arc, traveling arc, again etc.
To arc and unloading arc；
Scheduling strategy determination unit 205, for determining period mould according to multicycle oriented more figures and default constraint condition
The result time flow of type less than first threshold value one group of state arc as current scheduling strategy；
Scheduling unit 206, for determining the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in current path, if reaching the vehicle of current site
When the idle transport power deficiency of stroke, according to current scheduling strategy and the default part goods for loading preference strategy scheduling current site
Object wait in current site or be waited again.
The goods transport systems based on crowdsourcing public transportation system of offer of the invention utilize pre-selection path unit 201
It determines a plurality of pre-selection path, by period model unit 202 by determining current path in a plurality of pre-selection path, is had by the multicycle
Xiang Duotu unit 204 generates multicycle oriented more figures according to current path, scheduling strategy determination unit 205 using searching algorithm and
Constraint condition solves current path corresponding multicycle oriented more figures, determines current scheduling strategy and due to scheduling unit
206 with the transport of current scheduling strategy scheduling cargo；Meanwhile scheduling unit 206 is in the sky for the vehicle travel for reaching current site
When not busy transport power deficiency, according to current scheduling strategy with the default partial cargo for loading preference strategy scheduling current site when next stop
Point wait or is waited again, so as to apply more public bus networks, realizes cargo low cost and efficiently in city model
Enclose interior transport.
The foregoing is merely the technical concepts and features of invention, and its object is to allow people that can understand the contents of the present invention
And implement accordingly, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.The Spirit Essence of all main technical schemes according to the present invention
The equivalent transformation done or modification should all be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system characterized by comprising
According to the vehicle travel of each public bus network in the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transportation system
Information determines that a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, pre-selection path described in each are associated with the vehicle of at least one public bus network
Stroke；
The time history data of each website in the pre-selection path are reached according to the pre-selection associated vehicle travel in path,
Time segment model of the cargo through pre-selection path transport is established for pre-selection path described in every；
The current path of cargo is transported by determining in a plurality of pre-selection path according to the time segment model；Wherein, described to work as
Preceding path satisfaction is most short by the history run time of the start site to the purpose website, and the start site is away from starting point
It is most short with the sum of the distance of the purpose website away from destination；
A multicycle oriented more figures are generated based on the current path, the node of multicycle oriented more figures is the pre-selection
The set of website and the vehicle travel that path includes, the number of edges evidence of multicycle oriented more figures are characterization cargo by described
State arc when preselecting path transport when any adjacent sites jump, the state arc include waiting arc, traveling arc, waiting again
Arc and unloading arc；
According to the multicycle oriented more figures and default constraint condition, determine that the result time flow of the time segment model is less than
State arc described in one group of first threshold value is as current scheduling strategy；
Determine the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in the current path, if reach the vehicle travel of current site
When idle transport power deficiency, according to the current scheduling strategy and the default part goods for loading preference strategy and dispatching the current site
Object wait in the current site or be waited again.
2. the freight transportation method as described in claim 1 based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, which is characterized in that the basis
The partial cargo that the current scheduling strategy and the default loading preference strategy dispatch the current site works as next stop described
Point carries out after waiting or waiting again, further includes updating the state arc, the vehicle travel to load cargo in the current site
Volume and the current site in be not loaded the serial number of the vehicle travel that cargo needs to wait again.
3. the freight transportation method as described in claim 1 based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, which is characterized in that according to cargo
Start site, the purpose website of cargo and the vehicle travel information of each public bus network in crowdsourcing public transportation system, determine fortune
The a plurality of pre-selection path of defeated cargo, comprising:
The more of transport cargo are determined in each public bus network by being directly over the start site of cargo and the purpose website of cargo
Path is preselected described in item；Alternatively,
The group of purpose website by start site and cargo respectively Jing Guo cargo and two with intersection different public bus networks
At each transfer line combination in determine transport cargo a plurality of pre-selection path.
4. the freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system as described in claims 1 to 3 any one, feature exist
In the time history number of each website for reaching the pre-selection path according to the pre-selection associated vehicle travel in path
According to establishing the time segment model of the cargo through pre-selection path transport for every pre-selection path, formula is as follows:
Each vehicle row is determined according to the time history data that the vehicle travel reaches each website in the pre-selection path
Journey reaches the time of each website；
The set for the time for reaching each website according to determining each vehicle travel establishes the time segment model.
5. the freight transportation method as claimed in claim 4 based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, which is characterized in that the time
Segment model has following condition:
ξs={ ts: k=1,2 ... }； (1)
Wherein, ξsFor time flow, s is website, tsThe time of website s is reached for k-th of vehicle travel；
Definition scene tuple<S, P, TP>, first group membership
S={ s1,s2,…,s|s|} (2)
P={ p1,p2,…,p|P|}； (3)
pi=pi,o,d{s,k,x,y,z,v}； (4)
TP={ k1,k2,…,k|TP|}； (5)
Wherein, S is Website Hosting；P is cargo set；piFor goods information tuple, i is quantity of goods；The start site of o cargo；
D is the purpose website of cargo；TP is the vehicle travel group of given public bus network；Whether x characterization cargo is in start site
To state；Whether y characterization cargo is in driving status；Whether z characterization cargo is in the wait state again in intermediate stations；V table
Whether sign cargo is in the state of being unloaded；
When the vehicle travel website s described in the kth, i.e., in the timeWhen, each cargo piThe state being in is expressed as follows:
Wait stateWherein
Driving statusWherein
Wait state againWherein
It is unloaded stateWherein
Then existMoment transports cargo piThe consumed timeIt is indicated by formula (6):
Setting state shifts decision variable ws,k, wherein
AndHave
6. the freight transportation method as claimed in claim 5 based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, which is characterized in that described to be based on
The current path generates a multicycle oriented more figures, comprising:
A multicycle oriented more figures G (V, A) are generated based on the current path；The set of its interior joint V by (s, k),Composition；
One skip list of the vehicle travel shows the state arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]l, wherein (s, k), (s ', k ') are respectively
The caudal apex and cephalad apex of the state arc, l are the subscript for indicating four kinds of states of cargo, each state arc [(s,
k),(s′,k′)]lNumber of edges is formed according to A；
The corresponding state arc of four kinds of states of cargo and the arc weight are expressed as follows:
The waiting arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]WAIT, the arc weight
The traveling arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]RIDE, the arc weight
The waiting arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]REWAIT, the arc weight
The unloading arc [(s, k), (s ', k ')]UNLOAD, the arc weight W (es)=0；
The selection operation for the cargo that the multicycle oriented more figures G (V, A) includeBy indicating as follows:
The set of each state arc respectively indicates in the current path are as follows:
7. the freight transportation method as claimed in claim 6 based on crowdsourcing public transportation system, which is characterized in that described default
Constraint condition, comprising:
s.t； (13)
Wherein, formula (13) is objective function, minimizes the elapsed time of cargo transport；
Formula (14) constrains each cargo piIt must be transported by the primary vehicle travel between any two adjacent websites
It is defeated；
Formula (15) constrains at any timeCargo piCan only at most there be a state；
Transformational relation between four kinds of states of formula (16)-formula (19) constraint cargo；
The volume volp for the cargo that formula (20) constraint loadsiLess than or equal to vehicle travel free time transport power
Formula (21) indicatesIf when cargo be unloaded, the state of the cargo next time slot (i.e.Or)
It will not change；
Formula (22) statement variable W (s, k) is only just effective when all cargos are to be unloaded；
Formula (23) constraint ensures that, when completing transport task, the state of any cargo will remain unchanged；
The domain of formula (24) defined variable.
8. the freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system as described in claims 1 to 3 any one, feature exist
In the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in the determination current path, comprising:
According to the volume determination of passengers quantity and the cargo that has loaded of the vehicle travel between any two adjacent sites
The idle transport power of the vehicle travel.
9. the freight transportation method based on crowdsourcing public transportation system as described in claims 1 to 3 any one, feature exist
In the default loading preference strategy, comprising:
It is determined with genetic algorithm and loads the genetic algorithm strategy of priority, there is higher load preferentially with the short cargo of transportation range
The distance priority strategy of grade and the cargo of cargo start site closer to place of departure have the higher start-stop for loading priority
A kind of tactful or at least two kinds of strategy combination in strategy.
10. a kind of goods transport systems based on crowdsourcing public transportation system characterized by comprising
Path unit is preselected, for according to each in the start site of cargo, the purpose website of cargo and crowdsourcing public transportation system
The vehicle travel information of public bus network determines a plurality of pre-selection path of transport cargo, and pre-selection path association described in each is at least
One vehicle travel；
Period model unit, for reaching each of the pre-selection path according to the pre-selection associated vehicle travel in path
The time history data of website establish time segment model of the cargo through pre-selection path transport for every pre-selection path；
Current path determination unit, for transporting cargo by determining in a plurality of pre-selection path according to the time segment model
Current path；Wherein, the current path meets most short by the history run time of the start site to the purpose website,
The start site is most short away from starting point and the sum of the distance of the purpose website away from destination；
Period oriented more figure units generate a multicycle oriented more figures based on the current path, and the multicycle is oriented more
The node of figure is the set of pre-selection the path website for including and the vehicle travel, the number of edges of multicycle oriented more figures
According to being characterization cargo by the state arc when pre-selection path transport when any adjacent sites jump, the state arc includes etc.
To arc, traveling arc, arc and unloading arc are waited again；
Scheduling strategy determination unit, for determining the period according to the multicycle oriented more figures and default constraint condition
The result time flow of model is less than state arc described in one group of first threshold value as current scheduling strategy；
Scheduling unit, for determining the idle transport power of each vehicle travel in the current path, if reaching current site
When the idle transport power deficiency of the vehicle travel, worked as described in preference strategy scheduling according to the current scheduling strategy and default load
The partial cargo of preceding website wait in the current site or be waited again.
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