CN109668582A - High speed demodulation method applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high speed demodulation methods applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum.A kind of high speed demodulation method applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum, comprising the following steps: S1: do not added using spectrometer collection entire FBG sensing network bandwidth when any strain be 15nm resolution ratio be 1pm spectroscopic data as original signal；S2: acquisition applies the reflection spectrum signal that the corresponding bandwidth of each FBG after strain is 0.2nm or 0.3nm；S3: data normalization processing is carried out to original signal；S4: and the data normalization for carrying out same ratio to the narrow bandwidth data applied after straining is handled.Invention the utility model has the advantages that the present invention calculate wavelength drift when need not move through to reflectance spectrum carry out peak-seeking, demodulation can be completed in the narrow band data for only needing to acquire the corresponding any position 0.2nm or 0.3nm of each FBG, meet the requirement of high speed demodulation, the cost of demodulating system is reduced, and also improves the accuracy of calculating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of signal processing of Fibre Optical Sensor, and in particular to a kind of composite FBG sensing network signal solution
Algorithm is adjusted, shape is composed when drifting about based on spectrum, the characteristic of original feature is kept to propose applied to the reflection of composite FBG multimodal
The high-speed, high precision demodulating algorithm of spectrum.
Background technique
In recent years, optical fiber sensing technology passes through Depth Study both domestic and external, has technically tended to be mature, optical fiber Bragg
Grating (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG), high sensitivity small in size with its, electromagnetism interference, it is corrosion-resistant, electrical isolation, can
The advantages that high, convenient for being multiplexed by property, is widely used in aerospace, petrochemical industry, electric system, structure detection, security monitoring etc.
Field.Fiber Bragg grating sensor is a kind of wavelength modulate typed sensor, when on FBG sensor stress and temperature etc. it is outer
When boundary's factor changes, the central wavelength of reflectance spectrum can drift about；Because the present invention is needed by calculating FBG sensor
Reflectance spectrum central wavelength is drifted about to measure the variation of the physical quantitys such as stress or temperature, so how accurately to calculate reflectance spectrum
How at a high speed offset and low cost demodulation reflect spectrum signal is particularly important in entire fiber grating sensing system.
There are following technical problems for traditional technology:
The demodulating algorithm of mainstream mainly has at present: direct peak-seeking method, polynomial fitting method, centroid detection method, least square
Method, Gauss curve fitting method and genetic algorithm etc..The traditional demodulation method of the above, which is all based on, carries out entire spectrum frequency range
What peak-seeking was calculated, this just needs the wideband light source comprising complete C-band either to cover a wider tuning range
Tunable optical source, the reflectance spectrum that can be covered on the main power peak where each FBG central wavelength is sampled, whole at this
Process needs to use high-cost demodulation instrument and during acquiring broadband spectrum.The peak-seeking algorithm sampling of mainstream at present
The data volume big sampling time is long, and often the present invention claims to keep high-precision demodulation result in many practical applications
It is contemplated that the real-time of demodulation simultaneously, therefore these traditional algorithms can not meet the requirement of high speed Real-time demodulation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high speed demodulation sides applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum
Method is composed shape and the characteristic of original feature is kept to carry out high speed and super precision to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum when being drifted about using spectrum
Degree demodulation overcomes traditional demodulation algorithm there are sampled points more, the deficiencies of demodulation speed is slow, and without seeking to reflectance spectrum
Peak.The band data that this method only needs to acquire 0.2nm to 0.3nm can meet demodulation and require, therefore the algorithm process data are few
And the high-precision advantage of traditional demodulation algorithm is inherited, meet the demodulation requirement needed under high-speed, high precision scene.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of high speeds applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum
Demodulation method, comprising the following steps:
S1: not adding when any strain that entire FBG sensing network bandwidth is 15nm resolution ratio using spectrometer collection is 1pm's
Spectroscopic data is as original signal；
S2: acquisition applies the reflection spectrum signal that the corresponding bandwidth of each FBG after strain is 0.2nm or 0.3nm；
S3: data normalization processing is carried out to original signal；
S4: and the data normalization for carrying out same ratio to the narrow bandwidth data applied after straining is handled；
S5: the narrow-band spectrum spectrum shape feature and original signal spectrum extracted after treatment carry out characteristic value similarity pair
Than；
S6: the spectrum start bit after finding out the maximum spectral position of similarity in original signal spectrum and being strained with application
It sets and compares, the drift of wavelength is calculated.
Preferably, in step s 2, due to being deposited when the reflectance spectrum in FBG multiplexed network between each FBG drifts about again
Influencing each other, and be located in the middle between reflectance spectrum the portion waveshape as caused by influencing each other distortion it is particularly evident,
So we when selecting collecting sample positioned at both sides FBG reflectance spectrum acquisition 0.2nm bandwidth data, centrally located
FBG we acquire the data of 0.3nm bandwidth with reduce due to portion waveshape be distorted bring error.
Preferably, in step S3, S4, in order to allow collected data after raw sample data and strain can be with one-dimensional
It is used in degree and biggish bandwidth, we are by the narrow band data λ of 0.2nm or 0.3nmDiRespectively to the initial data λ of 2nm bandwidthLi
Data normalization processing is carried out with the data in the identical section in different initial positions.
Preferably, the characteristic that shape keeps original feature is composed in step S5, S6, when drifting about based on spectrum, to 2nm band
Wide initial data taken using wherein each sampled point as initial position corresponding narrow bandwidth of light modal data extract its feature as
Sample, respectively with apply strain after narrow-band spectral feature compare, find the maximum spectral position of similarity and with application
Spectrum initial position after strain compares, and the drift of wavelength is calculated.
A kind of computer equipment can be run on a memory and on a processor including memory, processor and storage
The step of computer program, the processor realizes any one the method when executing described program.
A kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, realization when which is executed by processor
The step of any one the method.
A kind of processor, the processor is for running program, wherein described program executes described in any item when running
Method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is needed not move through when calculating the drift of wavelength carries out peak-seeking to reflectance spectrum, it is only necessary to acquire each FBG
Demodulation can be completed in the narrow band data of corresponding any position 0.2nm or 0.3nm, meets the requirement of high speed demodulation, reduces
The cost of demodulating system, and also improve the accuracy of calculating.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of composite FBG sensing network signal demodulating algorithm of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the invention based on tunable laser wavelength division multiplexing type sensing network demodulation system.
Fig. 3 is that 4 FBG sensor bandwidth are 15nm when not adding any strain using spectrometer collection, and resolution ratio is 1pm's
Original spectral data.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is right respectively as initial position using FBG central wavelength using tunable laser after applying strain
The spectroscopic data that FBG1 and FBG4 acquisition bandwidth is 0.2nm and FBG2 and FBG3 acquisition bandwidth is 0.3nm.
Fig. 5 is the FBG raw sample data of 2nm bandwidth selected by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that the narrowband that acquires after algorithm is calculated and applies strain using each FBG central wavelength as starting position is anti-
Penetrate the position composed in original spectrum.
Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are to be composed simultaneously after three groups of applications strain using tunable laser narrowband reflection obtained through stochastical sampling
The position versus figure in original spectrum is had found by algorithm calculating.
Figure 10 is the central wavelength for 4 groups of FBG that algorithm measures and the relationship of added strain.
Figure 11 is error analysis of the four groups of FBG central wavelengths being calculated of algorithm with stress variation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can be with
It more fully understands the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of flow chart of the high speed demodulation method applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum, as shown in Figure 1, include with
Lower step:
S1, use the reflected spectrum data of spectrometer collection entire FBG network when not adding stress as initial data Data
In step sl, as shown in the figure 2, figure is wavelength-division multiplex FBG sensing network demodulation system schematic, and entire FBG is passed
Sense network is mainly formed by the FBG wavelength-division multiplex of four different central wavelengths.When not applying any stress to FBG network, use
The laser that wideband light source exports a C-band enters the port port1 of optical circulator, is output to FBG network by the port port2
In, the light after FBG reflects returns the port port2 and is output in spectrometer (OSA) by the port port3, and OSA is acquired at this time
It is that the spectroscopic data that 15nm resolution ratio is 1pm is stored as initial data Data as original signal to bandwidth；OSA is collected at this time
Spectroscopic data it is as shown in Figure 3.
S2, acquisition apply the narrowband reflection modal data of each FBG after strain
In step s 2, as shown in Fig. 2, changing wideband light source into tunable laser at this time, apply when to FBG sensor
The spectroscopic data that bandwidth is 0.2nm is measured to FBG1, FBG4 respectively using tunable laser after stress, FBG2 and FBG3 is surveyed
The spectroscopic data that bandwidth is 0.3nm is obtained, obtained spectroscopic data is stored as λ respectively as shown in Figure 4D1、λD2、λD3、λD4。
S3,2nm band data sample as a comparison is selected from original signal
In step s3, as shown in figure 5, before selection is centered on each FBG central wavelength in initial data Data
2nm bandwidth spectrum sample as a comparison afterwards.Figure is the reflectance spectrum of 4 FBG.
S4.1, data normalization processing is carried out to the 2nm original sample reflectance spectrum of each FBG.
In step S4.1, the present invention carries out the original sample reflectance spectrum that selected each FBG bandwidth is 2nm to it
Normalized is stored as λL1、λL2、λL3、λL4.The specific algorithm that spectroscopic data in sample is normalized are as follows:
S4.2, the scaling that same ratio is carried out to the narrow band data applied after straining
In step S4.2, the present invention is the data λ of 0.2nm and 0.3nm to 4 bandwidth obtained after stress variationDiIt is right
It should be in contrast sample λLiScaling degree carry out data normalization processing；To λDiCorresponding to sample λLiData dimension counted
According to the specific algorithm of standardization are as follows:
S5, extraction narrow-band spectrum spectrum shape feature and original signal spectrum compare
In step s 5, it will be appreciated from fig. 6 that each FBG drift occurs for its reflectance spectrum under the stress of application and it is anti-
It penetrates spectrum signature and has no too big variation；So the characteristic that shape keeps original feature is composed when drifting about the present invention is based on spectrum, to 2nm
The initial data of bandwidth takes corresponding narrow bandwidth of light modal data to extract its feature work using wherein each sampled point as initial position
For sample, respectively with apply the narrow-band spectral feature after strain and compare, find the maximum spectral position of similarity and with apply
Spectrum initial position after adding strain compares.
In step s 5, the concrete operations of algorithm are as follows: in the narrow-band spectrum by S4 step data treated each FBG
Data are represented by λ respectivelyD1、λD2、λD3、λD4；The 2nm initial spectrum of corresponding each FBG is represented by after treatment
λL1、λL2、λL3、λL4；Calculating the entire algorithm for applying the FBG reflectance spectrum drift value after strain may be expressed as:
The narrowband reflection spectrum for applying each FBG after straining is calculated:
The initial reflection spectrum of 2nm corresponding to the FBG calculates:
Then λ each to 2nm reflectance spectrumLjIt is respectively calculated as initial position:
The comparison processing data of entire spectrum: E can be obtained1、E2、E3、E4……E2000.Then EjSize represent
The similarity between narrow-band spectrum that every 0.2nm or 0.3nm and application measure after straining in 2nm initial spectrum.
S6: it finds out the maximum spectral position of similarity and calculates drift value.
In step s 6, the comparison processing data of entire spectrum: E are obtained after the algorithm process of step S51、E2、E3、
E4……E2000, at this point, working as EjWith λ in smaller expression 2nm initial spectrumLjAfter the narrow-band spectrum and application strain of starting position
The similarity of the narrow-band spectrum of measurement is higher, so when that apply strain after narrow-band spectrum initial position subtract 2nm primary light
It with the highest initial position of its similarity is the drift value of reflectance spectrum i.e. the offset of central wavelength in spectrum.
In order to verify tunable laser sampling narrow-band spectrum can randomness, the present invention to 4 FBG applies respectively consolidate
Fixed strain is first that initial position acquires D1, D2, D3, D4 in 4 narrowband reflection spectrum such as Fig. 6 respectively by each FBG central wavelength
It is shown, and using algorithm find in original spectrum compose the highest narrow-band spectrum of shape characteristic similarity position such as Fig. 6 in L1, L2,
Shown in L3, L4；Again in each FBG spectral bandwidth three groups of 4 narrowband reflections of stochastical sampling spectrum such as D1 in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9,
Shown in D2, D3, D4, while also being found using algorithm and composing the position of the highest narrow-band spectrum of shape characteristic similarity such as in original spectrum
In Fig. 6 shown in L1, L2, L3, L4；
The drift value of the corresponding spectrum of each FBG is then Δ λ at this timei=λDi-λLi；
Wherein λDiIndicate the initial position of narrow-band spectrum Di, λ after application strainsLiExpression does not apply narrow-band spectrum after strain
The initial position of Li；Through in algorithm analysis chart 6 using each FBG central wavelength as initial position sampling and in addition such as Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and
Each FBG drift value that three groups of data of stochastical sampling are calculated in Fig. 9 is consistent and is respectively as follows: Δ λ1=449pm, Δ λ2=
695pm、Δλ3=586pm, Δ λ4=275pm；Any position of the verified tunable laser in each FBG spectral bandwidth
Sampling is all up demodulation and requires to be not limited to sample near each FBG central wavelength, this makes the algorithm abandon biography
System finds various limitations of the drift value of central wavelength using peak-seeking for main thought, has been greatly reduced sampling at the same time
The quantity of data is so that be greatly improved algorithm demodulation speed.
The operation thought present invention according to above-mentioned demodulating algorithm exists respectively to 4 central wavelength as shown in Figure 2
FBG network near 1547.935nm, 1550.007nm, 1552.075nm and 1555.046nm applies respectively under normal temperature environment
From 0 to 310 the stress of μ ε and acquire preservation 31 groups of data carry out algorithm demodulation；The present invention obtains FBG1 as shown in Figure 10 0
Central wavelength is drifted about within the scope of 1547.935nm~1548.299nm under to the stress of 310 μ ε, FBG2 is in 0 to 310 μ ε
Stress under central wavelength is drifted about within the scope of 1550.007nm~1550.362nm, FBG3 0 to 310 μ ε's answers masterpiece
It is drifted about within the scope of 1552.075nm~1552.435nm with lower central wavelength, the center under the stress of 0 to 310 μ ε FBG4
Wavelength drifts about within the scope of 1555.046nm~1555.409nm；As shown in Figure 10 the drift of FBG central wavelength and institute on it
The strain of application is in a linear relationship.As shown in figure 11, the present invention has counted four groups of FBG central wavelengths that algorithm is calculated with answering
The error of power variation；There is 90% or more error information to be distributed within 0.004nm in this 124 groups of data as seen from the figure, thus
Know that the accuracy of the algorithm can be as accurate as within 4pm.
In conclusion the invention proposes a kind of new methods that the high speed applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum demodulates.
Entire FBG sensing network spectroscopic data is as original signal when not adding any strain first with spectrometer collection；Then it acquires
Apply the reflection spectrum signal that the corresponding bandwidth of each FBG after straining is 0.2nm or 0.3nm and data are carried out to original signal and returns
One, which changes the data normalization that processing carries out same ratio to the FBG narrow bandwidth data applied after straining simultaneously, is handled；Further
The narrow-band spectrum spectrum shape feature and original signal spectrum extracted after treatment carry out characteristic value similarity comparison；Finally, in original
The maximum spectral position of similarity is found out in beginning signal spectrum and is compared with the spectrum initial position applied after straining, is calculated
And obtain the drift of wavelength.
Implementation column the result of actual measurement shows that, the algorithm of drift value is calculated for the purpose of peak-seeking compared to each quasi-tradition, on
Stating example uses the algorithm in the present invention to have higher stability and accuracy, it is most important that greatly reduces traditional solution
Sampling number required for algorithm is adjusted, the demodulation speed of FBG sensor-based system is greatly improved.
Embodiment described above is only to absolutely prove preferred embodiment that is of the invention and being lifted, protection model of the invention
It encloses without being limited thereto.Those skilled in the art's made equivalent substitute or transformation on the basis of the present invention, in the present invention
Protection scope within.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high speed demodulation method applied to composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum characterized by comprising
Not adding entire FBG sensing network bandwidth when any strain first with spectrometer collection is the spectrum that 15nm resolution ratio is 1pm
Data are stored as Data as original signal；
After thering is stress to be applied in N number of FBG multiplexed network, scanned respectively using tunable laser N number of with each FBG acquisition
Bandwidth is 0.2nm or the spectrum of 0.3nm and to obtain data storage be λD1、λD2、λD3、λD4……λDn, i-th of 0.2nm or 0.3nm
The starting position of reflectance spectrum is denoted as λDi；
Selecting in initial data Data front and back 2nm bandwidth spectrum centered on each FBG central wavelength, sample is simultaneously as a comparison
It is normalized and is stored as λL1、λL2、λL3、λL4……λLn；
The data λ for being 0.2nm or 0.3nm to the n bandwidth obtained after stress variationDiCorresponding to contrast sample λLiScaling degree
Carry out data normalization processing；
According to when there is strain, drift occurs for x-th of FBG reflectance spectrum central wavelength and it reflects spectrum signature and has no too big variation,
The feature extraction of its spectrum shape is carried out using algorithm to collected n narrowband reflection spectrum, then is carried out respectively with n original sample pair
Than obtaining the highest spectral position of similarity and being corresponded to the starting position of reflectance spectrum being denoted as λLj；At this point, x-th FBG
The drift value Δ λ of wavelength can use λDiThe wavelength location at place subtracts λLjThe wavelength location at place indicates.
2. being applied to the high speed demodulation method of composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that " when
After thering is stress to be applied in N number of FBG multiplexed network, is scanned respectively using tunable laser and N number of bandwidth is acquired with each FBG be
The spectrum of 0.2nm or 0.3nm simultaneously obtains data storage as λD1、λD2、λD3、λD4……λDn, i-th of 0.2nm or 0.3nm reflectance spectrum
Starting position be denoted as λDi；" in, when acquisition applies x-th of FBG after strain, using the central wavelength of x-th of FBG as start bit
Setting and taking 0.3nm range thereafter is the spectroscopic data of bandwidth.
3. being applied to the high speed demodulation method of composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that " choosing
Select front and back 2nm bandwidth spectrum in initial data Data centered on each FBG central wavelength as a comparison sample and to its into
Row normalized is stored as λL1、λL2、λL3、λL4……λLn；" in, spectrum number in 2nm contrast sample corresponding to each FBG
According to the algorithm being normalized are as follows:
4. being applied to the high speed demodulation method of composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
" the data λ for being 0.2nm or 0.3nm to the n bandwidth obtained after stress variationDiCorresponding to contrast sample λLiScaling degree into
Row data standardization；" in, the data λ for being 0.2nm or 0.3nm to n bandwidthDiCorresponding to sample λLiData dimension into
The algorithm of row data standardization are as follows:
5. being applied to the high speed demodulation method of composite FBG multimodal reflectance spectrum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
By " the n bandwidth obtained after to stress variation is the data λ of 0.2nm or 0.3nmDiCorresponding to contrast sample λLiScaling journey
Degree carries out data normalization processing；" the narrow-band spectrum data of x-th of FBG after data processing are represented by λ respectivelyD1、λD2、
λD3……λD300；
The 2nm initial spectrum of corresponding x-th of FBG is represented by λ after treatmentL1、λL2、λL3……λL2000；Entire wave
The algorithm of long drift calculation specifically:
The FBG narrowband reflection spectrum for applying each FBG after strain is calculated first:
Then the initial reflection spectrum of 2nm corresponding to the FBG calculates:
Finally λ each to 2nm reflectance spectrumLjIt is respectively calculated as initial position:It can be obtained whole
The processing data of a spectrum: E1、E2、E3、E4……E2000.Then Ejλ corresponding to middle minimum valueLjWavelength correspond to application strain
λ afterwardsDiHome position, therefore the drift value Δ λ of the wavelength of each FBG can use λDiThe wavelength location at place subtracts λLjThe wave at place
Long position indicates.
6. a kind of computer equipment including memory, processor and stores the meter that can be run on a memory and on a processor
Calculation machine program, which is characterized in that the processor realizes any one of claims 1 to 5 the method when executing described program
Step.
7. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, which is characterized in that the program is held by processor
The step of any one of claims 1 to 5 the method is realized when row.
8. a kind of processor, which is characterized in that the processor is for running program, wherein right of execution when described program is run
Benefit requires 1 to 5 described in any item methods.
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| WO2002010677A1 (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-07 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Optical sensing device containing fiber bragg gratings |
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