CN105973282B - The long Wavelet Phase of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber extracts demodulation method - Google Patents
The long Wavelet Phase of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber extracts demodulation method Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of long Wavelet Phase extraction demodulation method of optical fiber F P sensor chambers, uses fast fourier transform algorithm to carry out operation to interference spectrum first and obtains chamber long value, as the long bigness scale value of chamber；With 23 times of fast fourier transform algorithm precision for radius, the search range of scale factor is determined, converted by continuous complex wavelet and solve every corresponding phase information in interference spectrum；The chamber long value that optical fiber F P sensors are calculated by the slope of straight line obtained by linear fit phase and wave number, as final chamber long value.The present invention can realize the absolute measurement of F P sensor chambers length, high-precision, high resolution measurement to realization to physical quantity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to a kind of long Wavelet Phase extraction of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber
Demodulation method.
Background technology
Fibre optical sensor can be divided into intensity modulation type, polarization state modulation type, phase modulation-type by the modulation type of its parameter
With wavelength modulation type.Intensity modulation optical fiber sensor because of its simple in structure, fast response time, in common engineering using compared with
Extensively.Polarization state modulation type and phase modulation-type fibre optical sensor are widely used in strain, temperature because of its high certainty of measurement
The detection of the physical quantitys such as degree, pressure and magnetic field.Most common wavelength modulate typed sensor is exactly fiber grating (FBG) sensor, this
For class sensor because simple in structure, high certainty of measurement is widely applied to all kinds of occasions, and a kind of widest biography of research at present
Sensor, demodulation techniques are also most ripe at present.Fibre-optical F-P sensor is compact-sized, high sensitivity, can carry out point type survey
Amount, when being influenced by extraneous factor, chamber length can change, and can detect physical quantity using this characteristic, but it is solved
For conditioning technology there is no grating type sensor maturation, this is also to limit the main reason for it is in engineer application.Therefore, optical fiber is studied
The demodulation techniques of F-P sensors are to pushing the application development of fibre-optical F-P sensor to have great significance.
Presently, there are fibre-optical F-P sensor cavity length demodulating technology can be divided into two class of intensity demodulation and phase demodulating.Wherein
Intensity demodulation method obtains corresponding sensor cavity long value according to the variation of light intensity, although this demodulation method demodulation speed
Soon, it realizes simply, but demodulation result is easy the influence of fluctuations by light source.Phase demodulating method passes through F-P sensor interferometer spectrum
In phase information obtain the chamber long value of F-P sensors, this method demodulation speed can not reach the rank of intensity demodulation method,
But its demodulation accuracy is high compared with intensity demodulation method, is suitable for the measurement of quasi-static physical quantity (temperature, pressure etc.).Existing phase
Although for example unimodal method of demodulation method has very high demodulation accuracy and resolution ratio, but can only carry out relative measurement, and measures dynamic
It is limited in scope, only in λ/4.Although multimodal method dynamic range is big, it can realize that the demodulation of absolute chamber length, measurement accuracy have
Limit.There is also the low problems of measurement accuracy and resolution ratio for Fourier transformation demodulating algorithm.The Virginia Institute of Technology
Discrete cavities length (DGT) demodulation method that S.M.Musa is proposed improves demodulation accuracy by reducing the long step-size in search of chamber, but spectral peak
Width is larger, this can make occur error when peak-seeking, and the calculation amount of algorithm is huge, is not suitable for practical engineering application.It is other
Algorithm cross-correlation demodulating algorithm, curve matching demodulation algorithm, lowest mean square root demodulating algorithm etc. can realize degree of precision
With the absolute cavity length demodulating of resolution ratio, but there is also the huge problems of calculation amount.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：A kind of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber long Wavelet Phase extraction demodulation side is provided
Method realizes the absolute measurement of F-P sensor cavities length, high-precision, high resolution measurement to realization to physical quantity.
The technical solution taken by the invention to solve the above technical problem is：A kind of long small echo of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber
The light of phase extraction demodulation method, light source is transmitted to fibre-optical F-P sensor, is then back to and carries out photoelectricity turn through photoelectric conversion module
Processing is changed, analog-to-digital conversion is then carried out and obtains interference spectrum, it is characterised in that：It includes the following steps：
S1, chamber long value is obtained to interference spectrum progress operation using fast fourier transform algorithm, as the long bigness scale value of chamber；
S2, with 2-3 times of fast fourier transform algorithm precision it is radius, determines the search range of scale factor, pass through
Continuous complex wavelet transformation solves every corresponding phase information in interference spectrum；
S3, the chamber long value that fibre-optical F-P sensor is calculated by the slope of straight line obtained by linear fit phase and wave number,
As final chamber long value.
As stated above, in the S2, the relationship of scale factor and chamber length is：
In formula：am(b)am(b) it is (corresponding in actual operation to acquire the corresponding wave of spectrum every to correspond to each shift factor b
Number) under calculate the corresponding scale factor of gained maximum wavelet coefficient, FbFor the bandwidth of complex wavelet transform, FcFor complex wavelet transform
Centre frequency, d are to carry out the chamber long value that operation obtains to spectroscopic data using fast fourier transform algorithm；
Centered on d, 2-3 times with fast fourier transform algorithm precision is radius, determines the long range [d of a chamber1,
d2], obtain the search range [a of corresponding scale factormin,amax]；
With scouting interval Δ a in [amin,amax] in the corresponding signals of each shift factor b of search wavelet conversion coefficient W
The great Zhi ∣ W of (a, b) mouldmax(a,b)∣；Best scale contraction-expansion factor a Shi ∣ Wmax(a values corresponding to a, b) ∣, and wavelet transformation
The great Zhi ∣ W of coefficient W (a, b) mouldmax(line of a, b) ∣ are Wavelet Ridge；
The corresponding phase information of interference spectrum every is obtained by the complex wavelet transform coefficient on Wavelet Ridge：
In formula,For the phase of the corresponding interference spectrums of shift factor b, Wr(am, b) and it is on interference spectrum Wavelet Ridge
Continuous Wavelet Transform Coefficients, Im [Wr(am, b)] and Re [Wr(am, b)] W is indicated respectivelyr(am, b) real and imaginary parts.
As stated above, in the S3, interference spectrum phase and wave number k are linear, the phase acquired to formula 2
Linear fit is carried out with wave number k, acquires its slopeAcquire the chamber long value of fibre-optical F-P sensor
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：By estimating the search range of scale factor in advance, the fortune of algorithm is greatly reduced
Calculation amount, can carry out high speed measurement, and practical be equivalent to of this process has carried out bandpass filtering to signal, had also been removed high frequency and make an uproar
The influence of sound；By solving every phase information of interference spectrum, and extract using linear fit the chamber of F-P sensors
It is long, obtained result demodulation accuracy and high resolution；The absolute measurement that this method can be grown into an actor's rendering of an operatic tune, and measurement dynamic range is big,
There is important application value in temperature and pressure monitoring during large-scale manufacturing equipment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the corresponding phase information of interference spectrum every extracted in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the Algorithm Error simulation result of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is fibre-optical F-P sensor sensor-based system figure.
In figure：1- light sources, 2- fibre-optical F-P sensors, 3- circulators, 4- photoelectric conversion modules, 5- data acquisition modules, 6-
Computer.
Specific implementation mode
Further explanation is made to the present invention with reference to specific example and attached drawing.
The present invention provides a kind of long Wavelet Phase extraction demodulation method of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber, as shown in figure 3, light source 1
Light is transmitted to fibre-optical F-P sensor 2 by circulator 3, is then back to and reaches the progress photoelectricity of photoelectric conversion module 4 through circulator 3
Then conversion process carries out analog-to-digital conversion 5 in data acquisition module and obtains interference spectrum, carried out at algorithm in most Zhongdao computer
Reason, this method include the following steps：
S1, chamber long value is obtained to interference spectrum progress operation using fast fourier transform algorithm, as the long bigness scale value of chamber.
S2, with 2-3 times of fast fourier transform algorithm precision it is radius, determines the search range of scale factor, pass through
Continuous complex wavelet transformation solves every corresponding phase information in interference spectrum.
S3, the chamber long value that fibre-optical F-P sensor is calculated by the slope of straight line obtained by linear fit phase and wave number,
As final chamber long value.
In the present embodiment, S1 carries out rapid Estimation, obtained result to spectral signal by Fourier transformation demodulating algorithm
It is denoted as the long bigness scale value of chamber.Number is corresponded to finding the corresponding fundametal compoment peak value of chamber length after spectroscopic data progress Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
According to sequence number p, the chamber long value of sensor is found out by formula (5) after being corrected to p by formula (4), as the long bigness scale of chamber
Value.
Wherein, N is sampling number, and δ k are wave number interval.
It needs to carry out continuous complex wavelet conversion process to interference spectrum in S2.
If the interference spectrum I (k) of fibre-optical F-P sensor is expressed as：
In formulaIt is the phase about the interference spectrum of wave number k, k is wave number, and A (k) is background light signal, and B (k) is white
The contrast of optical interference signals, A (k) and B (k) can treat as constant.
Using Morlet Phase informations as wavelet basis function, the continuous complex wavelet transformation W (a, b) of I (k) is expressed as：
In formula, FbIt is the bandwidth of complex wavelet transform, FcIt is the centre frequency of complex wavelet transform.
The modular representation of W (a, b) is：
(a, b) ∣ are acquired best scale contraction-expansion factor a Tong Guo ∣ W, and (a, b) ∣ obtain the corresponding a in maximum value place to Ta Shi ∣ W
Value, and the line of wavelet conversion coefficient mould maximum value is referred to as Wavelet Ridge.
(a, b) ∣ derivations on a, have Dui ∣ W
Enable d ∣ W (a, b) ∣/da=0, can Qiu get ∣ W (maximum value of a, b) ∣ reach in following formula
The interference spectrum phase of actually fibre-optical F-P sensor is expressed as：
K is wave number in formula (11), corresponding with shift factor b；PhaseDerivativeWithIt is corresponding, contrast equation
(10) and (11) have the relationship that scale factor and chamber are grown：
The long d of chamber acquires the long bigness scale value of a chamber by fast fourier transform algorithm in S1, centered on d, and with quick Fu
In leaf transformation arithmetic accuracy the estimation of 2 to 3 times of determinations one the long range [d of chamber1,d2], then can obtain corresponding scale because
Range [a of sub- amin,amax].With scouting interval Δ a in range [amin,amax] in the corresponding signals of each shift factor b of search
Wavelet conversion coefficient W (a, b) mould great Zhi ∣ Wmax(a, b) ∣, so that it may which finding Wavelet Ridge, (Δ a is smaller, the result sought
It is more accurate, but calculation amount also bigger).The phase of spectrum is obtained by extracting the coefficient on its continuous complex wavelet transformation Wavelet Ridge
It arrives, it is most important to search Wavelet Ridge in the determination of practical operation mesoscale factor a, if search range is excessive, can lead
Cause the increase of algorithm operation quantity so that program operation speed is slack-off；Search range is too small, and not covering Wavelet Ridge region can then lead
Cause phase extraction mistake.The process for predefining the search range of scale factor a herein, greatly reduces the amount of budget of algorithm,
Improve the feasibility of algorithm in practical applications.
Continuous Wavelet Transform Coefficients of the I (k) on Wavelet Ridge are：
By formula (12) it is found that the phase of interference spectrum can be obtained by the complex wavelet transform coefficient on Wavelet Ridge, it is
In formula,For the phase of the corresponding interference spectrums of shift factor b, Wr(am, b) and it is on interference spectrum Wavelet Ridge
Continuous Wavelet Transform Coefficients, Im [Wr(am, b)] and Re [Wr(am, b)] W is indicated respectivelyr(am, b) real and imaginary parts.By formula
(2) phase obtainedChange between [- π, π], using 2 π as the period, phase is discontinuous, need pairCarry out phase unwrapping calculation
Method, to make it become continuous.
The phase of interference spectrum is known by formula (11)It is linear with wave number k, therefore only need to be to being acquired by formula (2)
PhaseLinear fit, which is carried out, with the wave number k of interference spectrum acquires its slopeThe reality of fibre-optical F-P sensor can be acquired
Border chamber long value
Now 300 μm a length of to a chamber of low fineness EFPI sensors carry out the simulation of the above method, simulate light source used
Centre wavelength is 1545nm, bandwidth 50nm, and the bigness scale chamber acquired by fast fourier transform algorithm is d=300.070622 μm long,
Centered on bigness scale chamber length, be by the long search range of chamber that formula (1) is determined with 2 μm by search radius [298.070622,
302.070622], the search range of corresponding scale a is [84.8079,85.3732], to interference spectrum in the range scale
Continuous complex wavelet transformation is done, by extracting the wavelet coefficient on its Wavelet Ridge, so that it may to obtain every corresponding phase.Practical fortune
In calculation, in order to avoid in the phase hit of initiating terminal and end, only having taken intermediate 600 points of phase data to be fitted processing,
The results are shown in Figure 1 for it, and the slope p of the straight line is acquired by linear fit, so that it may to acquire the chamber of sensor by d=p/4 π
Long value acquires d=300.000106 μm of chamber long value herein, 0.106nm only poor from the actual value of setting.In order to preferably confirm this
The confidence level of kind of algorithm, the chambers of our setting sensors are grown from 50 μm, are step change to 300 μm with 5 μm, in light source center wave
The error result distribution that algorithm is simulated in the case of a length of 1545nm, bandwidth 50nm is as shown in Figure 2.It can be seen that, calculated by Fig. 2
Method chamber length it is smaller when error it is larger, and chamber length it is larger when error it is smaller, especially when chamber length be more than 100 μm after, error is less than
10nm。
Above example is merely to illustrate the design philosophy and feature of the present invention, and its object is to make technology in the art
Personnel can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.So it is all according to
According to equivalent variations or modification made by disclosed principle, mentality of designing, within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of long Wavelet Phase of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber extracts demodulation method, the light of light source is transmitted to fibre-optical F-P sensor,
It is then back to and carries out opto-electronic conversion processing through photoelectric conversion module, then carry out analog-to-digital conversion and obtain interference spectrum, feature exists
In：It includes the following steps：
S1, chamber long value is obtained to interference spectrum progress operation using fast fourier transform algorithm, as the long bigness scale value of chamber；
S2, with 2-3 times of fast fourier transform algorithm precision it is radius, the search range of scale factor is determined, by continuous
Complex wavelet transform solves every corresponding phase information in interference spectrum；
S3, the chamber long value that fibre-optical F-P sensor is calculated by the slope of straight line obtained by linear fit phase and wave number, as
Final chamber long value.
2. the long Wavelet Phase of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber according to claim 1 extracts demodulation method, it is characterised in that：Institute
In the step S2 stated, the relationship of scale factor and chamber length is：
In formula：am(b) it corresponds to and calculates the corresponding scale factor of gained maximum wavelet coefficient, actual operation under each shift factor b
Middle b corresponds to the corresponding wave number of acquisition spectrum every, FbFor the bandwidth of complex wavelet transform, FcFor the centre frequency of complex wavelet transform, d
To carry out the chamber long value that operation obtains to spectroscopic data using fast fourier transform algorithm；
Centered on d, 2-3 times with fast fourier transform algorithm precision is radius, determines the long range [d of a chamber1,d2], it obtains
To the search range [a of corresponding scale factormin,amax]；
With scouting interval Δ a in [amin,amax] in the corresponding signals of each shift factor b of search wavelet conversion coefficient W (a, b)
The great Zhi ∣ W of mouldmax(a,b)∣；Best scale contraction-expansion factor a Shi ∣ Wmax(a values corresponding to a, b) ∣, and wavelet conversion coefficient W
The great Zhi ∣ W of (a, b) mouldmax(line of a, b) ∣ are Wavelet Ridge；
The corresponding phase information of interference spectrum every is obtained by the complex wavelet transform coefficient on Wavelet Ridge：
In formula,For the phase of the corresponding interference spectrums of shift factor b, Wr(am, b) and it is continuous on interference spectrum Wavelet Ridge
Wavelet conversion coefficient, Im [Wr(am, b)] and Re [Wr(am, b)] W is indicated respectivelyr(am, b) real and imaginary parts.
3. the long Wavelet Phase of fibre-optical F-P sensor chamber according to claim 2 extracts demodulation method, it is characterised in that：Institute
In the step S3 stated, interference spectrum phase and wave number k are linear, and the phase and wave number k acquired to formula (2) carries out linear
Fitting, acquires its slopeAcquire the practical chamber long value L of fibre-optical F-P sensor：
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| CN111707304A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-09-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for rapidly demodulating discrete cavity length of variable-step-length optical fiber F-P sensor |
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