CN109666881A - A kind of method of iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material and its prepares coating - Google Patents

A kind of method of iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material and its prepares coating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109666881A
CN109666881A CN201811634783.3A CN201811634783A CN109666881A CN 109666881 A CN109666881 A CN 109666881A CN 201811634783 A CN201811634783 A CN 201811634783A CN 109666881 A CN109666881 A CN 109666881A
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alloy powder
iron
thermal barrier
barrier coating
high temp
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CN109666881B (en
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王鑫
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Jean Kane (Bazhou) Metal Powder Co.,Ltd.
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Baoji Jindeli New Material Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material and its methods of prepares coating, element composition and mass percentage range are as follows in the iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material: Cr 8-15wt%, Ni 1-3wt%, W 3-8wt%, Si 0.5-3wt%, Co 0.5-2.5wt%, Zr 1-2.5wt%, La 1-2.5wt%, Nb 2-5wt%, surplus Fe.The anchoring strength of coating that coating material of the invention obtains is high, good with matrix thermal matching, has lower thermal conductivity and porosity, can be used for the protection of automobile engine hot-end component.

Description

A kind of method of iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material and its prepares coating
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat-insulated protective materials fields, and in particular to a kind of iron-based height for automobile engine hot-end component Warm heat barrier coat material and its prepares coating method.
Background technique
Thermal barrier coating is also known as heat insulating coat, refers to the cermet being made of well-insulated ceramic layer and metal bonding coating Composite coating system is generally used for aerospace field for the turbogenerator leaf to work under the conditions of high temperature hot gas stream The hot-end components such as piece, combustion chamber, heat screen provide thermal insulation protection.
Compared to aero-engine working environment, the operating temperature in automobile engine cylinder-body is relatively low, service temperature Usually between 300-700 degrees Celsius, due to the ceramic difference that directly there is thermal expansion coefficient with metal, when as locating for thermal barrier coating Thousands of celsius temperatures under the conditions of when being reduced to hundreds of degrees Celsius, ceramics can generate strain mismatch with metal interface, finally lead Ceramic layer is caused to fall off, it is seen that existing thermal barrier coating is not particularly suited for the protection of automobile engine hot-end component, and since automobile is sent out The operating temperature of motivation is low, makes it possible to prepare protective coating using single metal_based material in this case.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is by design alloy formula and its specific preparation process, provide a kind of new to be suitable for automobile The method of the iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material and its prepares coating of engine thermal end pieces, obtained coating is not only With good thermal expansion matching, and there is excellent toughness and surface strength and wear resistance and corrosion resistance and lower thermal conductivity.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, by a large number of experiments research and unremitting effort, following technical solution is finally obtained: A kind of iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material, element composition and mass percentage range are as follows in alloy powder: Cr 8-15wt%, Ni 1-3wt%, W 3-8wt%, Si 0.5-3wt%, Co 0.5-2.5wt%, Zr 1-2.5wt%, La1- 2.5wt%, Nb2-5wt%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material as described above, element composition and quality in alloy powder Percent ranges are as follows: Cr 10-13wt%, Ni 1.8-3wt%, W 4-6wt%, Si 1.5-2.5wt%, Co 1.5- 2.0wt%, Zr 1.4-2.0wt%, La 1.8-2.2wt%, Nb 3-5wt%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material as described above, element composition and quality in alloy powder Percent ranges are as follows: Cr 13wt%, Ni 2.5wt%, W 5.0wt%, Si 2.2wt%, Co 1.8wt%, Zr 1.5wt%, La 2.0wt%, Nb4.5wt%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material as described above, content of impurities are lower than 0.05wt%.
Preferably, iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material as described above, alloy powder partial size are 30-70 microns.
In addition, the present invention also provides prepare iron-based thermal boundary using above-mentioned iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material as raw material The method of coating, includes the following steps:
Step 1 weighs each raw material powder in proportion, prepares alloy powder using high pressure Ar gas atomization；
Step 2 pre-processes metal base surface, scale removal and each pollutant, then to matrix surface Blasting treatment is carried out, Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=1.0-2.5 is made；
Step 3 uses plasma spraying method that alloy powder is sprayed to matrix surface under protective atmosphere, is formed and is applied Layer.
It is further preferred that the method for preparing iron-based thermal barrier coating as described above, powder feeding speed when plasma spraying in step 3 Rate is 35-50g/min, spraying rate 15-30mm/min, spray distance 100-140mm.
It is existing conventional powder metallurgy process that high pressure Ar aeroponics in the above method, which prepare alloy powder, specifically will Raw metal is molten into molten metal at high temperature, then is sprayed by high pressure draught, so that molten metal is atomized, it is finally heavy through supersolidification Drop and etc., screening obtains satisfactory alloy powder, and the alloy powder partial size that the present invention obtains is 30-80 microns.
The present invention also provides the thermal barrier coatings for being applied to the protection of automobile engine hot-end component that the above method is prepared.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following technical effect that
(1) coating and matrix that the present invention obtains form metallurgical bonding, and bond strength is high, reaches 32.4-38.2MPa, table Planar defect is few, porosity 0.87-1.47%；
(2) coating that the present invention arrives has lower thermal conductivity, is (30 DEG C) 2.21-3.08W/mK, can be used as heat-insulated painting Layer uses；
(3) coating that the present invention obtains simplifies preparation process, reduces production cost without there is adhesive layer；
(4) the present invention provides a kind of new coating formula, the coating being prepared and matrix have good thermal expansion With property, it can be used for the protection of automobile engine hot-end component.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to embodiment, the following example is only used for Illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.In addition, particular technique operating procedure is not specified in embodiment Or condition person, described technology or conditions or carried out according to the literature in the art according to product description.Examination used Production firm person is not specified in agent or instrument, and being can be with conventional products that are commercially available, metal used in following embodiments Matrix is 4032 aluminium alloy plates.
Embodiment 1
Iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating:
Step 1: by Cr 8wt%, Ni 1wt%, W 3wt%, Si 0.5wt%, Co 0.5wt%, Zr 1wt%, La1wt%, Nb 2wt%, the ratio that surplus is Fe are weighed each total 500kg of raw material powder, are prepared and closed using high pressure Ar gas atomization Bronze end, it is spare for the alloy powder in 30-70 micron range to screen out partial size；
Step 2: metal base surface being pre-processed, scale removal and each pollutant, then to matrix surface Blasting treatment is carried out, Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=1.2 is made；
Step 3: matrix being sprayed to using the alloy powder that plasma spraying method obtains step 1 under inert gas atmosphere Surface, powder feeding rate is 35g/min, spraying rate 20mm/min, spray distance 100mm when spraying, is formed and is applied after spraying Layer.
Embodiment 2
Iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating:
Step 1: pressing Cr 10wt%, Ni 1.8wt%, W 4wt%, Si 1.5wt%, Co 1.5wt%, Zr 1.4wt%, La 1.8wt%, Nb 3wt%, the ratio that surplus is Fe weighs each total 300kg of raw material powder, using high pressure Ar gas Atomization prepares alloy powder, and it is spare for the alloy powder in 30-70 micron range to screen out partial size；
Step 2: metal base surface being pre-processed, scale removal and each pollutant, then to matrix surface Blasting treatment is carried out, Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=2.0 is made；
Step 3: matrix being sprayed to using the alloy powder that plasma spraying method obtains step 1 under inert gas atmosphere Surface, powder feeding rate is 50g/min, spraying rate 30mm/min, spray distance 140mm when spraying, is formed and is applied after spraying Layer.
Embodiment 3
Iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating:
Step 1: pressing Cr 13wt%, Ni 2.5wt%, W 5.0wt%, Si 2.2wt%, Co 1.8wt%, Zr 1.5wt%, La 2.0wt%, Nb4.5wt%, the ratio that surplus is Fe weighs each total 300kg of raw material powder, using high pressure Ar gas Atomization prepares alloy powder, and it is spare for the alloy powder in 30-70 micron range to screen out partial size；
Step 2: metal base surface being pre-processed, scale removal and each pollutant, then to matrix surface Blasting treatment is carried out, Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=1.8 is made；
Step 3: matrix being sprayed to using the alloy powder that plasma spraying method obtains step 1 under inert gas atmosphere Surface, powder feeding rate is 40g/min, spraying rate 18mm/min, spray distance 120mm when spraying, is formed and is applied after spraying Layer.
Embodiment 4
Iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating:
Step 1: by Cr 13wt%, Ni 3wt%, W 6wt%, Si 2.5wt%, Co 2.0wt%, Zr 2.0wt%, La 2.2wt%, Nb 5wt%, the ratio that surplus is Fe weighs each total 400kg of raw material powder, using high pressure Ar aerosolization legal system Standby alloy powder, it is spare for the alloy powder in 30-70 micron range to screen out partial size；
Step 2: metal base surface being pre-processed, scale removal and each pollutant, then to matrix surface Blasting treatment is carried out, Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=2.5 is made；
Step 3: matrix being sprayed to using the alloy powder that plasma spraying method obtains step 1 under inert gas atmosphere Surface, powder feeding rate is 50g/min, spraying rate 15mm/min, spray distance 110mm when spraying, is formed and is applied after spraying Layer.
Embodiment 5
Iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating:
Step 1: pressing Cr 15wt%, Ni 3wt%, W 8wt%, Si 3wt%, Co 2.5wt%, Zr 2.5wt%, La 2.5wt%, Nb 5wt%, the ratio that surplus is Fe are weighed each total 500kg of raw material powder, are prepared and closed using high pressure Ar gas atomization Bronze end, it is spare for the alloy powder in 30-70 micron range to screen out partial size；
Step 2: metal base surface being pre-processed, scale removal and each pollutant, then to matrix surface Blasting treatment is carried out, Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=2.2 is made；
Step 3: matrix being sprayed to using the alloy powder that plasma spraying method obtains step 1 under inert gas atmosphere Surface, powder feeding rate is 45g/min, spraying rate 20mm/min, spray distance 140mm when spraying, is formed and is applied after spraying Layer.
Embodiment 6
The band coating sample that embodiment 1-5 is obtained is observed, above-mentioned five sample coatings dense uniforms, surface are flat It is whole, it is detected, the results are shown in Table 1.
Project Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 Embodiment 5
Anchoring strength of coating (MPa) 32.4 36.7 38.2 37.4 33.5
Thermal conductivity W/mK (30 DEG C) 3.02 2.71 2.21 2.82 3.08
Porosity (%) 1.47 1.23 1.16 0.87 0.91
Comparative example 1
On the basis of embodiment 5, other parameters are constant, only feed change mass percent are as follows: (1) Cr 5wt%, Ni 0.5wt%, W 2wt%, Si 0.1wt%, Co 0.1wt%, Zr 0.5wt%, La 0.5wt%, Nb1wt%, surplus are Fe；(2) Cr 20wt%, Ni 5wt%, W 10wt%, Si 4wt%, Co 3wt%, Zr 4wt%, La 3wt%, Nb 7wt%, surplus Fe；The sample containing coating is respectively obtained, detection finds that respective performance is that (1) floating coat bond strength is 21.4MPa, thermal conductivity (30 DEG C) 3.51W/mK, porosity 1.91%；(2) floating coat bond strength is 29.7MPa, thermal conductivity (30 DEG C) 3.21W/mK, porosity 1.04%.
Comparative example 2
Preparation process and parameter are identical as embodiment 2, are different in by by Cr 10wt%, Mo 15wt%, Ni 1.8wt%, W 4wt%, Si 1.5wt%, Co 1.5wt%, Zr 1.4wt%, La 1.8wt%, Nb 3wt%, surplus Fe Ratio weigh each raw material powder, finally obtain the sample containing coating, detection discovery anchoring strength of coating is 27.2MPa, thermal conductivity Rate (30 DEG C) 3.81W/mK, porosity 1.33%.
Comparative example 3
Preparation process and parameter are identical as embodiment 2, are different in by by Cr 10wt%, Mo 15wt%, Ni 1.8wt%, B 4wt%, Si 1.5wt%, Co 1.5wt%, Zr 1.4wt%, C 1.0wt%, Nb 3wt%, surplus Fe Ratio weigh each raw material powder, finally obtain the sample containing coating, detection discovery anchoring strength of coating is 20.8MPa, thermal conductivity Rate (30 DEG C) 3.36W/mK, porosity 1.51%.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material, it is characterised in that element composition and quality percentage in alloy powder Content range is as follows: Cr 8-15wt%, Ni 1-3wt%, W 3-8wt%, Si 0.5-3wt%, Co 0.5-2.5wt%, Zr 1-2.5wt%, La1-2.5wt%, Nb 2-5wt%, surplus Fe.
2. iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that element in alloy powder Composition and mass percentage range are as follows: Cr 10-13wt%, Ni 1.8-3wt%, W 4-6wt%, Si 1.5- 2.5wt%, Co 1.5-2.0wt%, Zr 1.4-2.0wt%, La 1.8-2.2wt%, Nb 3-5wt%, surplus Fe.
3. iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that element in alloy powder Composition and mass percentage range are as follows: Cr 13wt%, Ni 2.5wt%, W 5.0wt%, Si 2.2wt%, Co 1.8wt%, Zr 1.5wt%, La 2.0wt%, Nb 4.5wt%, surplus Fe.
4. the according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder materials, it is characterised in that: impurity always contains Amount is lower than 0.05wt%.
5. the according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder materials, it is characterised in that: alloy powder Partial size is 30-70 microns.
6. one kind prepares iron-based thermal boundary using claims 1 or 2 or the 3 iron-based high temp thermal barrier coating alloy powder materials as raw material The method of coating, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1 weighs each raw material powder in proportion, prepares alloy powder using high pressure Ar gas atomization；
Step 2 pre-processes metal base surface, scale removal and each pollutant, then carries out to matrix surface Blasting treatment makes Substrate Surface Roughness Ra=1.0-2.5；
Step 3 uses plasma spraying method that alloy powder is sprayed to matrix surface under protective atmosphere, forms coating.
7. preparing the method for iron-based thermal barrier coating according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in step 3 when plasma spraying Powder feeding rate is 35-50g/min, spraying rate 15-30mm/min, spray distance 100-140mm.
8. what a kind of method according to claim 6 was prepared is applied to the thermal boundary painting of automobile engine hot-end component protection Layer.
CN201811634783.3A 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 Iron-based high-temperature thermal barrier coating alloy powder material and method for preparing coating by using same Active CN109666881B (en)

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