CN109664499A - Cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure 4D Method of printing - Google Patents
Cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure 4D Method of printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109664499A CN109664499A CN201910011656.6A CN201910011656A CN109664499A CN 109664499 A CN109664499 A CN 109664499A CN 201910011656 A CN201910011656 A CN 201910011656A CN 109664499 A CN109664499 A CN 109664499A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure 4D Method of printing.Selected shape memory polymer material repeats stacking using double-layer structure as unit from the bottom up and is printed, double-layer structure is made of two groups of different blank map pattern layer printing arrangement stacked on top of one another, each single layer in every group of blank map pattern layer prints to identical filling pattern, the blank map pattern layer of upper and lower is respectively band and cross-hatched pattern, the textured pattern that band and cross-hatched pattern are made of one group and two groups of linear array cross arrangements respectively, linear array are made of a plurality of parallel arrangement straight line；Accurate temperature heating completes crude product deformation 4D deformation.The present invention overcomes the 4D printed materials of current temperature driving to prepare difficulty, to the problem of small-power deformation response degree difference, the fusion sediment 4D Method of printing by design parameter programming without manufacturing special-thread is realized, the complicated processes that 4D printing technique prepares material are breached.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 4D Method of printings in intellectual material 4D printing field, are based on temperature more particularly, to a kind of
The cross of response-net double-layer structure 4D Method of printing, realizing can be programmable without manufacturing special-thread by design parameter
Fusion sediment 4D Method of printing.
Background technique
As the materials processing technology developed based on Intellisense material, the preparation for traditional deformable material is mentioned for 4D printing
It has supplied to break through the new approaches limited to.For bending deformation, due to the heterogeneity meeting of workpiece volume through-thickness shrinkage degree
Cause the crooked behavior of multilayer material, 4D printing is commonly designed the multilayered structure for there are different responses to different structure.Conventional 4D
Print deformation process is generally by two kinds of ways of realization: 1. take different materials to constitute two layers of workpiece, pass through the excitation of equal extent
Means (magnetic, heat, biological response) reach the deformation effect of 4D via two layers of workpiece different strain-responsive.2. taking a kind of material
Material constitutes workpiece entirety, via different degrees of exciting means, reaches 4D print deformation effect.
Have the function of that the workpiece of Premium Features or equipment are usually needed in conjunction with complicated 3D shape and inducement structure unit.
Most technologies currently used for creating functional structure can only work in the plane.In the past few years, due to various elder generations
Into material occur, the application range of shape-memory material extended.Shape-memory polymer can be via low temperature glass
The effect of shape memory is realized in conversion between state and super heated rubber state, and polymer at this time has self-healing property, can be passed through
The state when load of temperature restores to a certain extent to first time through extrusion forming, the various technologies for proposition of taking this as a foundation
Usually require multiple making steps and special material.
The space layout that 3D printing provides a kind of active active element realizes shape switch technology, wherein especially with the more of precision
Material printing is representative, can be used to combine different materials, realize Multiple Shape or reversible deformation by polymer.Respectively to
Anisotropic additive (such as expansion ratio or rigidity) can be printed by 3D printing technique, to realize the deformation process of 4D printing.It proposes most
First planar structure, after obtaining corresponding triggering, their shape will be changed to preset 3D shape, to make table
The relevant function in face is combined with complicated 3D shape.There is shortcomings for 4D deformation under system at present, in molding speed
It is high to the process equipment requirement of workpiece when spending fast, need to carry out complicated workpiece planning.And when requiring low to process equipment,
Shaping speed is again excessively slow.In reality scene, often demand overcomes both defect scenes.Therefore a kind of pair of process equipment is needed
The 4D Method of printing of rapid deformation is able to carry out while of less demanding.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art and Improvement requirement, the invention proposes a kind of programmable bilayer based on temperature-responsive
The 4D Method of printing of shape memory structure, including the design and preparation of the double-deck shape memory structure.
The method of the present invention is a single step print procedure, it is only necessary to a fusion sediment 3D printer and polymer material,
Autofolding and unstable pop-up based on material, and the sequence realized by programming deforms, it can be achieved that with unprecedented extension
The 3D shape in space has the characteristics that simple and multi-functional.
To realize above process, according to the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
1) wire rod of the selected shape memory polymer material as printing, according to the product model that need to be printed according to lower section
Formula carries out 3D printing: repeating stacking from the bottom up with double-layer structure and is printed, double-layer structure is mainly by two groups of different fillings
Pattern layer printing arrangement stacked on top of one another is constituted, and blank map pattern layer includes multiple single layers, each single layer in every group of blank map pattern layer
Identical filling pattern is printed to, single layer corresponds to one layer of slice when 3D printing, and the blank map pattern layer of top is band figure
The blank map pattern layer of case, lower section is cross-hatched pattern, and band pattern is the textured pattern being made of one group of linear array, cross-hatched pattern
It is the textured pattern being made of two groups of linear array cross arrangements, linear array is made of a plurality of straight line of parallel arrangement at equal intervals；
2) after 3D printing, the crude product that printing obtains is removed, carries out accurate temperature heating so that crude product is square according to the rules
Formula deformation waits the cooling 4D print procedure of workpiece to be fully completed, obtains 4D printed product until 4D deformation is fully finished.
4D of the present invention print made of product repeat to constitute from the bottom up by double-layer structure, wherein one layer by identical band figure
Case multiple stacking is made, and another layer is made of cross-hatched pattern multiple-layer stacked, and the thickness proportion of band layer and plinthitic horizon can be in 1:4
It is adjusted to 4:1.
Different double-layer structure and printing technology parameter structure are chosen according to the product model design that need to be printed when printing, gone forward side by side
Row slice setting is to obtain printed product of different shapes.
It is adjusted when printing according to arrangement different in the product model design construction filling pattern that need to be printed last accurate
The different 4D deformed shapes of temperature heating.Different arrangements refers to that the printing angle of linear array in band pattern is different, reticulate pattern
The respective printing angle of intersecting angle and two groups of linear arrays in pattern between two groups of linear arrays is different, and printing angle is real
Matter is the angle between rectilinear direction and printing coordinate system trunnion axis.
A kind of embodiment are as follows: the printing angle of linear array is at 0 ± 22.5 degree or 90 ± 22.5 in setting band pattern
It spends in range, the product after realizing temperature heating is around the rotary shaft circular arc bending deformation for being parallel to printing coordinate system trunnion axis；0±
It is 22.5 degree smaller compared to 90 ± 22.5 degree of bending deformation degree.
Another embodiment are as follows: in setting band pattern the printing angle of linear array 45 ± 22.5 degree or 135 ±
Within the scope of 22.5 degree, the product after realizing temperature heating is around the rotary shaft Deformation of helical perpendicular to coordinate system trunnion axis.
The 3D printing is printed to fusion sediment 3D printer, needs to cool down after printing.
When printing not according to the different printing technology parameter coordination filling pattern of the product model design construction that need to be printed
The different 4D deformation extents of last accurate temperature heating are adjusted with arrangement.Printing technology parameter refers to print wire when 3D printing
Excitation temperature b when wide l, printable layer high h and printing nozzle temperature a and accurate temperature heat, excitation temperature b are accurate temperature
Spend the heating temperature of heating.
The 4D deformation extent is by the four of printing line width l, the high h of printable layer and printing nozzle temperature a and excitation temperature b
A printing technology state modulator.
The printing line width l setting range is 0.25mm-0.8mm, and the high h of printable layer is 50 μm -200 μm, described
Nozzle temperature a is 195 DEG C -240 DEG C when printing, and the excitation temperature b is 65 DEG C -95 DEG C.It can finally make transverse and longitudinal strain can
The range reached is 0.05-0.36.
The accurate temperature heating is the mode using heating water bath, and solution composition is distilled water, to the temperature of aqueous solution
Degree is accurately controlled, and the temperature of heating process is made to stablize the excitation temperature b in setting.
The shape memory polymer material uses stress-strain response performance good polylactic acid shape memory material when being heated
Material.
During method is implemented, one of the principal mode that 3D printing is fusion sediment 3D printing is carried out using polymer wire.It beats
When the nozzle of print machine carries out extruding wire vent, polymer material completes first deformation process, and in cooling procedure, material carries out shape
The first stage of memory, when heating again to molding workpiece, printing silk will restore to a certain extent to when squeezing through wire drawing
State, pass through the shape recovery process superposition realize 4D printing deformation process.
The present invention is edited by each structural parameters and technological parameter to model to design the mould for meeting expected deformation
Type, and crude product model is made 3D printer and realizes the process that 4D is printed by way of accurately being heated to material.
Through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. institute of the invention is in the 4D print structure of the programmable bilayer shape memory structure of temperature-responsive, main application
The shape memory characteristic of polymer material, polymer material has processing performance good, low in cost to require low advantage.
2. the present invention prints polymer material using the method that the 4D of fused glass pellet is printed, with aquogel type material 4D
Method of printing is compared, and shaping speed is fast, and processing request is low, does not need extremely special shooting condition and manufacturing equipment；
3. the present invention prints polymer material using the method that the 4D of fused glass pellet is printed, beaten with the 4D of magnetoelectricity technique
Print ratio, reduces production cost, simplifies the production technology of material, shortens the manufacturing cycle, realizes the one of structure and function
Bodyization manufacture.
The present invention overcomes the 4D printed materials of current temperature driving to prepare difficulty, to small-power deformation response degree difference
Problem realizes the fusion sediment 4D Method of printing by design parameter programming without manufacturing special-thread, breaches 4D printing
Technology prepares the complicated processes of material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is band pattern arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is cross-hatched pattern arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the strain effects figure of print temperature different when poly-lactic acid material band-reticulate pattern combines；
Fig. 4 is the strain effects figure of excitation temperature different when poly-lactic acid material band-reticulate pattern combines；
Fig. 5 is the high strain effects figure of printable layer different when poly-lactic acid material band-reticulate pattern combines；
Fig. 6 is the strain effects figure of printing line width different when poly-lactic acid material band-reticulate pattern combines；
Fig. 7 is the strain effects figure of thickness ratio different when poly-lactic acid material band-reticulate pattern combines；
Fig. 8 is the Structural assignments schematic diagram of two different filling patterns used by workpiece in embodiment 1；
Fig. 9 is the deformation process front and back comparison diagram of workpiece in embodiment 1；
Figure 10 is the Structural assignments schematic diagram of two different filling patterns used by workpiece in embodiment 2；
Figure 11 is the deformation process front and back comparison diagram of workpiece in embodiment 2；
Figure 12 is the Structural assignments schematic diagram of two different filling patterns used by workpiece in embodiment 3；
Figure 13 is the deformation process front and back comparison diagram of workpiece in embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Specific implementation process of the present invention are as follows:
1) wire rod of the selected shape memory polymer material as printing, according to the product model that need to be printed according to lower section
Formula carries out 3D printing: repeating stacking from the bottom up with double-layer structure and is printed, double-layer structure is mainly by two groups of different fillings
Pattern layer printing arrangement stacked on top of one another is constituted, and blank map pattern layer includes multiple single layers, each single layer in every group of blank map pattern layer
Identical filling pattern is printed to, single layer corresponds to one layer of slice when 3D printing, and the blank map pattern layer of top is band figure
Case, the blank map pattern layer of lower section are cross-hatched pattern.
As shown in Figure 1, band pattern is the textured pattern being made of one group of linear array, as shown in Fig. 2, cross-hatched pattern is
The textured pattern being made of two groups of linear array cross arrangements, linear array are made of a plurality of parallel arrangement straight line.
The single layer number of plies in the blank map pattern layer of band pattern and the single layer number of plies in the blank map pattern layer of cross-hatched pattern can
It can also be different with identical.
2) after 3D printing, the crude product that printing obtains is removed, carries out accurate temperature heating so that crude product is square according to the rules
Formula deformation, the mode of specifically used heating water bath, solution composition is distilled water, and the temperature of heating process is made to stablize the essence in setting
True excitation temperature b.4D printed product is obtained after deformation.
Specifically, the printing angle θ of linear array is adjusted at 0-180 ° in band pattern, two groups of linear arrays of cross-hatched pattern
Between intersecting angle select 60 °, 90 ° and 120 °, the printing angle θ of two groups of linear arrays of cross-hatched pattern is to adjust at 0-180 °.
The printing angle of linear array in band pattern is set within the scope of 0 ± 22.5 degree or 90 ± 22.5 degree, is able to achieve
Product after temperature heating is around the rotary shaft circular arc bending deformation for being parallel to printing coordinate system trunnion axis；0 ± 22.5 degree is compared 90
± 22.5 degree of bending deformation degree is smaller.The printing angle of linear array in band pattern is set at 45 ± 22.5 degree or 135
Within the scope of ± 22.5 degree, the product after being able to achieve temperature heating is around the rotary shaft helical buckling change perpendicular to coordinate system trunnion axis
Shape.
4D deformation extent is printed by four of printing line width l, printable layer high h and printing nozzle temperature a and excitation temperature b
Process parameter control, printing line width l more large deformation is bigger, and it is smaller that the high h of printable layer gets over large deformation, printing nozzle temperature
A is higher, and deformation extent is smaller, and excitation temperature b is higher, and deformation extent is bigger.
Printing line width l setting range is 0.25mm-0.8mm, and the high h of printable layer is 50 μm -200 μm, when the printing
Nozzle temperature a is 195 DEG C -240 DEG C, and the excitation temperature b is 65 DEG C -95 DEG C.In specific implementation, printing line width l can set model
It encloses for 0.25mm-0.8mm.
Can finally make transverse and longitudinal strain accessible range is 0.05-0.36.
It is different according to the filling pattern of each single layer of the double-deck result before product printing, to the filling pattern of each single layer
Excitation temperature b when printing line width l, printable layer high h and printing nozzle temperature a in 3D printing and accurate temperature heat into
Row setting and pre-programmed, so that finally achieving product strain is rapidly achieved desired effect.
Each printing technology parameter is tested by single factor test when specific implementation, it is corresponding to obtain each printing technology parameter
4D heat distortion result.
It is remained unchanged in other four printing technology parameters and in the case where identical double-layer structure 3D printing, to print temperature
It is adjusted the corresponding deformation extent of the different print temperatures of variation acquisition, as shown in figure 3, the point in figure on visible solid line is this dozen
It can reach the maximum value of strain (ordinate) under print temperature (abscissa), the point on dotted line is can under the print temperature (abscissa)
Reach the minimum value of strain (ordinate), is the achievable range of strain of corresponding print temperature between two lines.
It is remained unchanged in other four printing technology parameters and in the case where identical double-layer structure 3D printing, to excitation temperature
It is adjusted the corresponding deformation extent of the different excitation temperatures of variation acquisition, as shown in figure 4, the point in figure on visible solid line is that this swashs
It can reach the maximum value of strain (ordinate) under hair temperature (abscissa), the point on dotted line is can under the excitation temperature (abscissa)
Reach the minimum value of strain (ordinate), is the achievable range of strain of corresponding excitation temperature between two lines.
It is remained unchanged in other four printing technology parameters and in the case where identical double-layer structure 3D printing, to printable layer height
It is adjusted variation and obtains the high corresponding deformation extent of different printable layers, as shown in figure 5, the point in figure on visible solid line is this dozen
It can reach the maximum value of strain (ordinate) under print layer high (abscissa), the point on dotted line is can under the printable layer high (abscissa)
Reach the minimum value of strain (ordinate), is the high achievable range of strain of corresponding printable layer between two lines.
It is remained unchanged in other four printing technology parameters and in the case where identical double-layer structure 3D printing, to printing line width
It is adjusted the corresponding deformation extent of the different printing line widths of variation acquisition, as shown in fig. 6, the point in figure on visible solid line is this dozen
It can reach the maximum value of strain (ordinate) under print line width (abscissa), the point on dotted line is can under the printing line width (abscissa)
Reach the minimum value of strain (ordinate), is the corresponding printing achievable range of strain of line width between two lines.
It is remained unchanged in other four printing technology parameters and in the case where identical double-layer structure 3D printing, to double-layer structure
Thickness ratio be adjusted variation obtain different-thickness than corresponding deformation extent, as shown in fig. 7, the point in figure on visible solid line
It is the average value that can reach strain (ordinate) under the thickness ratio (abscissa), the point on dotted line is under the thickness ratio (abscissa)
It can reach the minimum value of strain (ordinate), be corresponding thickness between two lines than achievable range of strain.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
Embodiment 1
(1) the double-deck workpiece threedimensional model for carrying out 4D printing using polymer is established first with 3 d modeling software, is produced
Product workpiece size is 10*40*1.5mm3, it is 0.36 that workpiece deformation, which is intended to transverse strain, longitudinal strain 0.07.
(2) polylactic acid is selected as 3D printing shape-memory material, and layering is carried out to threedimensional model using Slice Software and is cut
Piece processing sets its printable layer height and printing line width according to the deformation for wanting to reach, and selected line width is 0.4mm, selected
A height of 50 μm of layer.The band pattern that the upper layer of workpiece is 90 ° using the printing angle of 150 single layers, lower layer use 150 single layers
Intersecting angle be 90 °, printing angle be respectively 45 ° and 135 ° cross-hatched pattern, as shown in figure 8, two layers of thickness proportion is
1:1, hierarchy slicing processing result and each section identified are input in computer control system；
(3) selecting print temperature at this time is 195 DEG C, is exported by Slice Software to fusion sediment 3D printing machining center,
3D printing process is carried out, and waits workpiece cooling；
(4) heating of accurate temperature is carried out to workpiece after cooling, selected excitation temperature is 85 DEG C, until need to carry out
4D deformation is fully finished.It waits workpiece to cool down 4D print procedure again to be fully completed, workpiece is heated during Fig. 9 is the 4D
It excites the comparison diagram of front and back, before the left figure of Fig. 9 is excitation, after the right figure of Fig. 9 is excitation, realizes around being parallel to printing coordinate system
The rotary shaft circular arc bending deformation of trunnion axis, both ends close up bending upwards, and preparation overall process only needs 24min, compares traditional prints
Substantially reduce the production time.
Embodiment 2
(1) the double-deck workpiece threedimensional model for carrying out 4D printing using polymer is established first with 3 d modeling software, is produced
Product workpiece size is 10*40*1.5mm3, it is 0.15 that workpiece deformation, which is intended to transverse strain, longitudinal strain 0.12.
(2) polylactic acid is selected as 3D printing shape-memory material, and layering is carried out to threedimensional model using Slice Software and is cut
Piece processing sets its printable layer height and printing line width according to the deformation for wanting to reach, and selected line width is 0.4mm, selected
A height of 50 μm of layer.The band pattern that the upper layer of workpiece is 45 ° using the printing angle of 150 single layers, lower layer use 150 single layers
Intersecting angle be 90 °, printing angle be respectively 45 ° and 135 ° cross-hatched pattern, as shown in Figure 10, two layers of thickness proportion is
1:1, hierarchy slicing processing result and each section identified are input in computer control system；
(3) selecting print temperature at this time is 195 DEG C, is exported by Slice Software to fusion sediment 3D printing machining center,
3D printing process is carried out, and waits workpiece cooling；
(4) heating of accurate temperature is carried out to workpiece after cooling, selected excitation temperature is 85 DEG C, until need to carry out
4D deformation is fully finished.It waits workpiece to cool down 4D print procedure again to be fully completed, workpiece is heated during Figure 11 4D
The comparison diagram of front and back is excited, the left figure of Figure 11 is after Figure 11 right figure is heating, to realize around perpendicular to coordinate system level before exciting
The rotary shaft Deformation of helical of axis, preparation overall process only need 24min, substantially reduce the production time.
Embodiment 3
(1) the double-deck workpiece threedimensional model for carrying out 4D printing using polymer is established first with 3 d modeling software, is produced
Product workpiece size is 10*40*1.5mm3, it is -0.20 that workpiece deformation, which is intended to transverse strain, and longitudinal strain is -0.12.
(2) polylactic acid is selected as 3D printing shape-memory material, and layering is carried out to threedimensional model using Slice Software and is cut
Piece processing sets its printable layer height and printing line width according to the deformation for wanting to reach, and selected line width is 0.4mm, selected
A height of 50 μm of layer.The band pattern that the upper layer of workpiece is 0 ° using the printing angle of 150 single layers, lower layer use 150 single layers
Intersecting angle be 90 °, printing angle be respectively 45 ° and 135 ° cross-hatched pattern, such as Figure 12, two layers of thickness proportion is 1:1,
Hierarchy slicing processing result and each section identified are input in computer control system；
(3) selecting print temperature at this time is 195 DEG C, is exported by Slice Software to fusion sediment 3D printing machining center,
3D printing process is carried out, and waits workpiece cooling；
(4) heating of accurate temperature is carried out to workpiece after cooling, selected excitation temperature is 85 DEG C, until need to carry out
4D deformation is fully finished.It waits workpiece to cool down 4D print procedure again to be fully completed, workpiece is heated during Figure 13 4D
Excite front and back comparison diagram, Figure 13 left figure be excitation before, Figure 13 right figure be excitation after, realize around be parallel to printing coordinate system water
The rotary shaft circular arc bending deformation of flat axis, both ends close up downwards bending, but bending direction and embodiment 1 on the contrary, preparing full mistake
Journey only needs 24min, substantially reduces the production time.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) selected shape memory polymer material as printing wire rod, according to the product model that need to be printed in the following way into
Row 3D printing: it repeats stacking from the bottom up with double-layer structure and is printed, double-layer structure is by two groups of different blank map pattern layer
Lower stacking printing arrangement is constituted, and blank map pattern layer includes multiple single layers, and each single layer in every group of blank map pattern layer prints to
Identical filling pattern, single layer correspond to one layer of slice when 3D printing, and the blank map pattern layer of top is band pattern, lower section
Blank map pattern layer is cross-hatched pattern, and band pattern is the textured pattern being made of one group of linear array, and cross-hatched pattern is by two groups
The textured pattern that linear array cross arrangement is constituted, linear array are made of a plurality of straight line of parallel arrangement at equal intervals；
2) after 3D printing, the crude product that printing obtains is removed, carries out accurate temperature heating so that crude product becomes according to regulation mode
Shape obtains 4D printed product until 4D deformation is fully finished.
2. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 1, feature exist
In: added when printing according to arrangement different in the product model design construction filling pattern that need to be printed to adjust last accurate temperature
The different 4D deformed shapes of heat.
3. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 2, feature exist
In: the printing angle of linear array realizes temperature heating within the scope of 0 ± 22.5 degree or 90 ± 22.5 degree in setting band pattern
Product afterwards is around the rotary shaft circular arc bending deformation for being parallel to printing coordinate system trunnion axis；Linear array in band pattern is set
Printing angle is within the scope of 45 ± 22.5 degree or 135 ± 22.5 degree, and the product after realizing temperature heating is around perpendicular to coordinate system water
The rotary shaft Deformation of helical of flat axis.
4. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 1, feature exist
In: it is arranged when printing according to the difference of the different printing technology parameter coordination filling pattern of the product model design construction that need to be printed
To adjust the different 4D deformation extents of last accurate temperature heating.
5. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 4, feature exist
In: the 4D deformation extent is beaten by four of printing line width l, printable layer high h and printing nozzle temperature a and excitation temperature b
Print process parameter control.
6. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 5, feature exist
It is 0.25mm-0.8mm in: the printing line width l setting range, the high h of printable layer is 50 μm -200 μm, when the printing
Nozzle temperature a is 195 DEG C -240 DEG C, and the excitation temperature b is 65 DEG C -95 DEG C.
7. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the accurate temperature heating is the mode using heating water bath, is accurately controlled the temperature of aqueous solution, is made heated
The temperature of journey stablizes the excitation temperature b in setting.
8. a kind of 4D Method of printing of the cross based on temperature-responsive-net double-layer structure according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the shape memory polymer material uses polylactic acid shape-memory material.
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| PCT/CN2019/112668 WO2020143269A1 (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2019-10-23 | 4d printing method for double-layer structure based on temperature response |
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