CN109655459B - System and method for testing asphalt foaming performance - Google Patents
System and method for testing asphalt foaming performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655459B CN109655459B CN201910018632.3A CN201910018632A CN109655459B CN 109655459 B CN109655459 B CN 109655459B CN 201910018632 A CN201910018632 A CN 201910018632A CN 109655459 B CN109655459 B CN 109655459B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for testing the foaming performance of asphalt, which comprises a foamed asphalt containing device, a foaming image acquisition system and a foaming image analysis system. The foamed asphalt containing device is a barrel body made of high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic; the foaming image acquisition system consists of two high-speed industrial cameras, four white direct-current light sources, a data transmission line and an electronic computer; the foaming image analysis system consists of an electronic computer and digital image analysis software built in the electronic computer. The invention discloses a method for testing the foaming performance of asphalt, which combines a digital image processing technology, can not only obtain the size distribution rule of asphalt foam, but also accurately measure the foaming performance evaluation indexes such as expansion rate, half-life period and the like. The invention has the advantages of better accuracy and reproducibility of the test result, wide equipment source, simple and convenient operation, lower cost and stronger universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for testing the foaming performance of asphalt, belonging to the technical field of road asphalt mixture tests.
Background
The foamed asphalt is also called as expanded asphalt, and is characterized in that a proper amount of water is injected into matrix asphalt under a certain high-temperature condition, and the water is heated to form bubbles so as to rapidly expand the volume of the asphalt, thereby generating a large amount of asphalt foam, and the asphalt foam can be broken in a short time. In this process, the bitumen undergoes only physical changes, and the viscosity of the foamed bitumen is significantly reduced, so that it can be sufficiently and uniformly mixed with the cold, moist aggregate. The foamed asphalt is mainly suitable for cold regeneration technology and warm mixing technology of roads, has the advantages that other road building technologies can not be replaced, can reduce the road maintenance cost, and has great benefits on environmental protection and energy conservation.
The pavement performance of the foamed asphalt mixture is directly determined by the asphalt foaming effect, and the pavement performance is mainly evaluated by adopting the expansion rate and half-life period indexes at present. When an asphalt foaming test is carried out, two modes, namely manual visual inspection and a precise dynamic distance measurement method, are mostly adopted to obtain the foaming effect evaluation index.
The manual visual inspection method calculates the change in the foamed asphalt expansion ratio (the ratio of the maximum volume measured in the asphalt foamed state to the volume in the unfoamed state) by manually observing the change in the readings of a scale fixed to the measuring tub, and measures the half-life of the foamed asphalt (the time taken for the maximum volume of the foamed asphalt to decrease to half) by a stopwatch. Because the time for generating and breaking the asphalt foam is short, the whole foaming and breaking process is generally completed within 20s, and the asphalt foam rises and falls in the measuring container at a high speed, and the liquid level is not even. Therefore, the manual visual testing method is too dependent on experience, the subjectivity is too strong, the testing error is large, and the accuracy of the evaluation of the foaming performance of the foamed asphalt is seriously influenced. In addition, the method cannot record the test process and reproduce and check the test result.
The precise dynamic ranging method is mainly used for measuring the maximum expansion rate and the half-life period of the foamed asphalt in precise dynamic ranging modes such as laser and sound wave. Although the technical means can completely record the whole process of the foaming test and has relatively high test precision, the technical means has higher requirements on test equipment, higher cost and complex operation and cannot be conveniently carried.
In addition, the two methods cannot observe the size distribution rule and the change trend of the asphalt foam, and the acquisition of the size distribution rule of the asphalt foam has important significance for exploring the foaming mechanism and evaluating the foaming effect of the asphalt foam. Moreover, because the asphalt has larger adhesiveness and is a black opaque substance, and the temperature of the foamed asphalt measuring container is generally lower, the foamed asphalt is often adhered to the measuring scale in the measuring process, thereby greatly reducing the measuring accuracy. The ruler needs to be cleaned after each test, the procedure is complicated, and the ruler is easy to damage. Therefore, a simple and easy test system and method capable of automatically recording the whole process of asphalt foaming and cracking and simultaneously measuring the trend of asphalt foam size distribution and height changing along with time is urgently needed.
Digital image acquisition and processing, which is a process of converting an image signal into a digital signal and processing it with a computer, has been widely used in the fields of biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, and the like. According to the method, a high-speed industrial camera is adopted to acquire the digital image of the asphalt foaming process, and then a computer vision system and a Matlab software development platform are used to enable the measurement of the asphalt foaming performance to be intelligentized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a system and a method for testing the foaming performance of asphalt, which have the advantages of accurate test, simple operation and low cost.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a system for testing the foaming performance of asphalt comprises a foamed asphalt containing device, a foaming image acquisition system and a foaming image analysis system.
The foam asphalt containing device is a cylinder high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material barrel with the diameter of 275mm and the height of 350 mm.
The foaming image acquisition system comprises a first high-speed industrial camera, a second high-speed industrial camera, four white direct-current light sources, two data transmission lines and an electronic computer.
The foaming image analysis system comprises an electronic computer and digital image analysis software built in the electronic computer.
Further, transparent asphalt separant-butter with the thickness of 1mm is uniformly coated on the periphery of the inner wall of the barrel body of the foamed asphalt containing device, and the barrel body made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material and the transparent asphalt separant-butter are heated to 150 ℃ through an oven.
Furthermore, the first high-speed industrial camera is arranged right above the cylinder body made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material, the distance from the lens to the top of the cylinder body is 20cm, and the form change of the foamed asphalt sprayed into the cylinder body is shot.
Further, the second high-speed industrial camera is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel, the distance from the lens to the side wall of the barrel is 20cm, the lens is fixed at a position 17.5cm away from the ground, and the accumulated height change of the foamed asphalt sprayed into the barrel is shot.
Furthermore, four white direct current light sources are arranged, and sufficient illumination conditions are provided for the cylinder body made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material. Wherein the two white direct current light sources are respectively arranged at the positions of 15cm away from the horizontal direction at the two sides of the first high-speed industrial camera, the height of the two white direct current light sources is consistent with the height of a lens, and the irradiation angle is 45 degrees. The other two white direct current light sources are respectively arranged 17.5cm above and below the second high-speed industrial camera, the horizontal distance from the barrel side wall is consistent with the horizontal distance from the lens to the barrel side wall, and the irradiation angle is 45 degrees.
Further, the number of frames of the first high-speed industrial camera and the second high-speed industrial camera is set to 20 fps.
Further, a digital image analysis processing Matlab program is compiled, shot images received by the first high-speed industrial camera are processed in a digital mode, and parameters such as the number of asphalt foams at different moments, size distribution rules and the like are calculated according to image information. And compiling a digital image analysis and processing Matlab program, carrying out digital processing on the shot image received by the second high-speed industrial camera, drawing a foam asphalt expansion rate change curve according to the accumulated height change of the asphalt foam sprayed into the barrel, and calculating foaming performance evaluation indexes such as the maximum expansion rate, the half-life period, the foaming index and the like.
A method for testing the foaming performance of asphalt comprises the following operation steps:
firstly, uniformly coating a transparent asphalt separant (butter) on the inner wall of a barrel body made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material, wherein the thickness of the barrel body is 1 mm.
And secondly, putting the barrel body made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material into an oven to heat until the temperature reaches 150 ℃.
And thirdly, setting the frame numbers of the first high-speed industrial camera and the second high-speed industrial camera to be 20 fps.
And fourthly, starting four white direct current light sources to provide enough illumination conditions for the barrel body.
And fifthly, completing preparation work of asphalt foaming tests such as water injection, inflation, asphalt preheating, asphalt spraying flow calibration, asphalt foaming test parameter setting (including water pressure, air pressure, asphalt spraying flow, foaming water consumption and asphalt temperature) and the like, starting an asphalt foaming tester to perform the asphalt foaming test, and spraying the generated foamed asphalt into the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel.
Sixthly, triggering the first high-speed industrial camera and the second high-speed industrial camera to shoot simultaneously, and acquiring the change trend of the form and the accumulated height of the asphalt foam along with the time; and the electronic computer synchronously receives images shot by the first high-speed industrial camera and the second high-speed industrial camera through the data transmission line.
Seventhly, performing image segmentation by using a watershed segmentation method to eliminate the adhesion phenomenon among asphalt foams in the image; separating the asphalt foams with different sizes separately by using a graph measurement function in a digital image processing software Matlab; the digital image is defined to be composed of pixels by adopting a pixel counting method, the actual Area of the bottom of a barrel with the diameter of 275mm is used as a reference object by utilizing an Area function in Matlab, a shot image received by a high first-speed industrial camera is converted into a plurality of pixels, and the equivalent diameter R of each asphalt foam can be calculated by the following formula.
In the formula: r-asphalt foam equivalent diameter, mm;
m-the number of pixels corresponding to each asphalt foam in the digital image;
M′reference-number of pixels in the digital image corresponding to the area of the bottom of the barrel with a diameter of 275 mm.
Counting connected domains of the image by using a bwleabel function in Matlab, wherein the number of the connected domains in the image is the number of the asphalt foams; and counting the number of the asphalt foams in different equivalent diameter intervals to obtain the size distribution rule of the asphalt foams.
And eighthly, defining that the digital image is composed of pixels by adopting a pixel counting method, converting a shot image received by the second high-speed industrial camera into a plurality of pixels by using an Area function in Matlab and taking the side Area of the barrel with the length of 350mm and the width of 275mm as a reference object, and calculating the actual accumulated height h of the asphalt foam according to the following formula.
In the formula: h-the actual cumulative height of the foamed asphalt, mm;
m-the number of pixels corresponding to all foamed asphalt in the digital image;
M″reference-the number of pixels in the digital image corresponding to the area of the side of the bucket 350mm long and 275mm wide.
Setting the time of just spraying foamed asphalt as 0, setting the time of recovering to the height of an unfoamed state when the asphalt foam is completely broken as t, and measuring and calculating a foaming performance evaluation index according to a change rule of the accumulated height of the asphalt foam obtained based on the digital image within a time period of 0-t by the following formula, wherein the height difference of each 53mm corresponds to the expansion rate of 6 times.
HL＝t″-t′
DP＝t-t′
In the formula: h ismax-cumulatively the maximum height reached, mm;
hj-height, mm, of the bitumen froth returning to the unfoamed state after complete rupture;
ERmax-maximum expansion, times;
HL-half life, s;
t "-attainment of ERmaxTime, s;
t' -decay to 1/2 ERmaxThe corresponding time, s;
t-time for the bitumen froth to recover to a height in the unfoamed state when it is completely broken, s;
DP-decay phase, s;
FI-foaming index;
the ratio of the measured C-expansion ratio to the actual C-expansion ratio is 1;
ts-injection time, s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a foaming image acquisition system based on a digital high-speed industrial camera for testing the foaming effect of asphalt, which can record the foaming and cracking processes of the asphalt in the whole process, has better accuracy and reproducibility, and can eliminate the defects of strong subjectivity and large testing error of a manual visual testing method. Compared with large-scale equipment, the test equipment has the advantages of wide source, small volume, convenience in operation, portability and erection, lower cost and stronger universality.
The invention provides a method for testing the change trend of the size distribution of the asphalt foam along with time by adopting a digital foaming image acquisition system and a foaming image analysis system, and the obtained size distribution rule of the asphalt foam has important significance for exploring the foaming and cracking mechanism of the foamed asphalt, and in addition, the size and distribution uniformity of the asphalt foam are also directly related to the stability and viscosity reducing effect of the foamed asphalt.
The invention provides a method for measuring the trend of asphalt foam height changing along with time by adopting a high-speed industrial camera, and measuring foaming effect evaluation indexes such as maximum expansion rate, half-life period and the like by adopting a pixel counting method, so that a measuring scale or a foam asphalt containing device with scales can be avoided, and the problem that the foam asphalt is usually adhered to the measuring scale and the device to influence the measurement reading precision is solved.
According to the invention, the transparent asphalt separant-butter is coated on the foamed asphalt containing device, so that the foamed asphalt cannot be directly adhered to the interface of the barrel wall, the height measurement error caused by long-time adhesion of black asphalt is reduced, and meanwhile, the barrel body is prevented from being polluted by asphalt, and the next test is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the measuring system and method of the present invention, the description of the embodiments will be briefly described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a measurement system of asphalt foaming performance.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an image captured by a first high-speed industrial camera.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image captured by a second high-speed industrial camera.
FIG. 4 is the cumulative distribution ratio of foamed asphalts of different sizes in the examples.
FIG. 5 is a time-dependent variation law of cumulative height of foamed asphalt in the examples.
Detailed Description
The measuring system and method of the present invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The materials and instruments used in this example included: 1. three types of bitumen: adequate amounts of Korean Binglong No. 70 asphalt, Medium petrochemical No. 70 asphalt and Medium Petroleum No. 70 asphalt. A foaming tester of WLB 10 model. 3. Two high-speed industrial cameras of Basler, germany. Four 4.50W white LED floodlights. 5. The diameter is 275mm, high 350 mm's high temperature resistant transparent glass steel material staving one of high temperature preservation. 6. A sufficient amount of clear asphalt release agent-butter. 7. And (4) one oven. 8. And 2 data transmission lines. 9. The system comprises a computer and a set of digital image analysis software which is arranged in the computer.
Fig. 1 is a measurement system for asphalt foaming performance according to the present invention, which includes a foaming image acquisition system, a foamed asphalt containing device, and a foaming image analysis system.
The foam asphalt containing device is a cylinder high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material barrel 3 with the diameter of 275mm and the height of 350 mm.
The foaming image acquisition system comprises a first German Basler high-speed industrial camera 1, a second German Basler high-speed industrial camera 2, a 50W white LED projection lamp 6, two data transmission lines 7 and an electronic computer 5.
The foaming image analysis system comprises an electronic computer 5 and digital image analysis software built in the electronic computer.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
firstly, determining the placement position of the cylindrical barrel body 3 made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material.
And secondly, according to the determined placement position of the cylindrical high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel body 3, arranging the German Basler first high-speed industrial camera 1 right above the cylindrical high-temperature-resistance heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel body 3 by using a support, wherein the distance from a lens to the top of the barrel is 20cm, and shooting the form change of the foamed asphalt sprayed into the barrel.
And thirdly, according to the determined placement position of the barrel body 3 made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material, by utilizing a support, a German Basler second high-speed industrial camera 2 is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical barrel body 3 made of the high-temperature-resistance heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material, the distance from a lens to the side wall of the barrel is 20cm, the lens is fixed at the position 17.5cm away from the ground, and the accumulated height change of the foamed asphalt sprayed into the barrel is.
And fourthly, setting the frame number of the German Basler first high-speed industrial camera 1 and the German Basler second high-speed industrial camera 2 to be 20 fps.
And fifthly, according to the positions of the first high-speed industrial camera 1 of the Germany Basler and the second high-speed industrial camera 2 of the Germany Basler, two white direct-current light sources 6 are respectively arranged at the positions 15cm away from the two sides of the first high-speed industrial camera 1 of the Germany Basler, the height is consistent with the height of a lens, and the irradiation angle is 45 degrees. The other two white direct current light sources 6 are respectively arranged at 17.5cm above and below the second high-speed industrial camera 2 of the German Basler, the horizontal distance from the barrel side wall is consistent with the horizontal distance from the lens to the barrel side wall, and the irradiation angle is 45 degrees.
And sixthly, starting four 50W white LED projection lamps 6 to provide enough illumination conditions for the barrel body.
And seventhly, setting the internal temperature of the oven to 150 ℃, and then putting the cylindrical high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel body 3 and the transparent asphalt separant butter 4 into the oven to heat for 2 hours to enable the barrel body temperature to reach 150 ℃.
And eighthly, replacing the barrel body 3 made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material with the barrel bottom diameter of 275mm and the height of 350mm for specification, and then uniformly coating the transparent asphalt separant butter 4 on the inner wall of the barrel body, wherein the thickness of the barrel body is 1 mm.
And a ninth step of performing a foaming test using a WLB 10 foaming tester, wherein when performing the foaming test, sufficient water is injected into a water injection tank of the foaming tester, and the air pressure and the water pressure of the foaming tester are set to 4bar and 5bar respectively. And starting a heating device, preheating the asphalt tank for about 15min, and injecting asphalt for foaming. And (3) when the temperature of the asphalt is about 150 ℃, opening an asphalt circulating pump to circularly heat the asphalt, and maintaining for at least 5min before the test operation. The spraying flow rate of the asphalt is calibrated, the spraying speed of the foamed asphalt is set to be 100g/s, and the spraying amount of the asphalt is 500g per time. The indoor foaming test was conducted at an asphalt test temperature of 160 ℃, a foaming water consumption of 2.0% by mass of asphalt, and a foaming water temperature of 30 ℃.
And seventhly, starting a foaming tester to foam asphalt, and spraying the prepared foamed asphalt into the cylindrical barrel body 3 made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material.
Eighthly, performing image segmentation by using a watershed segmentation method to eliminate the adhesion phenomenon among asphalt foams in the image; separating the asphalt foams with different sizes separately by using a graph measurement function in a digital image processing software Matlab; the digital image is defined to be composed of pixels by adopting a pixel counting method, the actual Area of the barrel bottom with the diameter of 275mm is used as a reference by utilizing an Area function in Matlab, a shot image received by the first high-speed industrial camera 1 of Basler Germany is converted into a plurality of pixels, and the equivalent diameter R of each asphalt foam is calculated by the following formula.
In the formula: r-foamed asphalt equivalent diameter, mm;
m-the number of pixels corresponding to each foamed asphalt in the digital image;
M′reference-number of pixels in the digital image corresponding to the area of the bottom of the barrel with a diameter of 275 mm;
a-area represented by each pixel, mm2。
Counting connected domains of the image by using a bwleabel function in Matlab, wherein the number of the connected domains in the image is the number of the asphalt foams; and counting the number of the asphalt foams in different equivalent diameter intervals to obtain the size distribution rule of the asphalt foams.
And ninthly, defining that the digital image is composed of pixels by adopting a pixel counting method, converting a shot image received by the second high-speed industrial camera 2 of Basler in Germany into a plurality of pixels by using an Area function in Matlab as a reference object, wherein the Area of the side surface of the barrel with the length of 350mm and the width of 275mm, and calculating the actual accumulated height h of the asphalt foam according to the following formula.
In the formula: h-the actual cumulative height of the foamed asphalt, mm;
m-the number of pixels corresponding to all foamed asphalt in the digital image;
M″reference-number of pixels in the digital image corresponding to the area of the side of the barrel 350mm long by 275mm wide;
a-area represented by each pixel, mm.
Setting the time of just spraying foamed asphalt as 0, setting the time of recovering the height of the asphalt foam to be in an unfoamed state when the asphalt foam is completely broken as t, and measuring and calculating a foaming performance evaluation index according to a change rule of the accumulated height of the asphalt foam obtained based on the digital image within a time period of 0-t by the following formula, wherein the height difference of each 53mm corresponds to the expansion rate of 6 times.
HL＝t″-t′
DP＝t-t′
In the formula: h ismax-cumulative maximum height of foamed bitumen, mm;
hj-the height, mm, of the foamed bitumen returns to the unfoamed state after spraying of the foamed bitumen;
ERmax-maximum expansion of foamed bitumen, times;
HL-half life, s;
t' -foamed bitumen maximum expansion ERmaxThe corresponding time, s;
t' -foamed bitumen decays to 1/2 maximum expansion ratio ERmaxThe corresponding time, s;
t-the time, s, corresponding to the height of the foamed asphalt in the unfoamed state after the foamed asphalt is sprayed;
DP-foam asphalt decay time, s;
FI-foaming index;
the ratio of the measured C-expansion ratio to the actual C-expansion ratio is 1;
ts-injection time, s.
As shown in FIG. 4, when 7s of foamed asphalt was injected, the cumulative distribution ratio of the sizes (equivalent diameters) of the three types of foamed asphalt was measured in one example.
FIG. 5 shows the cumulative height (0-h) of three types of foamed asphalt sprayed into the barrel according to the shooting in one embodimentmax) And (3) calculating the foaming performance evaluation index of the asphalt by combining a formula along with the change of time: expansion ratio ER, half-life HL, decay period DP and foaming index FI.
Tables 1 and 2 show the foaming performance test data of korean twinner No. 70 asphalt obtained by the test method proposed by the present invention and the method of manual visual inspection in the examples.
Table 1 test data based on the present invention
TABLE 2 test data of manual visual inspection method
Compared with the test results of two different measurement modes, the test system and the test method for the asphalt foaming performance can accurately measure and calculate the evaluation index of the asphalt foaming performance, the variation coefficient of the measurement data is less than 3%, and more importantly, the quantity and the size distribution rule of the foamed asphalt can be measured, so that the asphalt foaming performance can be evaluated more accurately and comprehensively. Besides the fact that the quantity and the size distribution rule of the foamed asphalt cannot be measured by a manual visual measurement method, the accuracy of a measured value is also influenced by the sight position due to overlooking observation of an observer; the height of the foamed asphalt is changed rapidly, and observers cannot react and accurately judge in time, so that the measured ERmaxThe coefficient of variation is often smaller than the true value and reaches 13.79%, and the HL has a large error and reaches 14.72% compared with the true value. Therefore, compared with a manual visual testing method, the system and the method for testing the foaming performance of the asphalt can more accurately and comprehensively evaluate the foaming performance of the asphalt, the testing accuracy is high, and the testing error is greatly reduced.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for testing the foaming performance of asphalt comprises the following operation steps:
firstly, uniformly coating a transparent asphalt separant (4) on the inner wall of a barrel body (3) made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material, wherein the thickness of the transparent asphalt separant is 1 mm;
secondly, putting the barrel body (3) made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material into an oven to heat to 150 ℃;
thirdly, setting the frame number of the first high-speed industrial camera (1) and the second high-speed industrial camera (2) as 20 fps;
fourthly, turning on four white direct current light sources (6) to provide enough illumination conditions for the barrel body;
fifthly, completing preparation work of water injection, inflation, asphalt preheating, asphalt calibration of the injection flow of asphalt, setting of asphalt foaming test parameters including water pressure, air pressure, asphalt injection flow, foaming water consumption and asphalt temperature, starting an asphalt foaming tester to perform an asphalt foaming test, and injecting the generated foamed asphalt into the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel body (3);
sixthly, simultaneously triggering the first high-speed industrial camera (1) and the second high-speed industrial camera (2) to shoot, and acquiring the change trend of the form and the accumulated height of the asphalt foam along with the time; the electronic computer (5) synchronously receives images shot by the first high-speed industrial camera (1) and the second high-speed industrial camera (2) through the data transmission line (7);
seventhly, performing image segmentation by using a watershed segmentation method to eliminate the adhesion phenomenon among asphalt foams in the image; separating the asphalt foams with different sizes separately by using a graph measurement function in a digital image processing software Matlab; defining a digital image to be composed of pixels by adopting a pixel counting method, converting a shot image received by a first high-speed industrial camera (1) into a plurality of pixels by using an Area function in Matlab and taking the actual Area of the barrel bottom with the diameter of 275mm as a reference object, and calculating the equivalent diameter R of each asphalt foam by the following formula;
in the formula: r-asphalt foam equivalent diameter, mm;
m-the number of pixels corresponding to each asphalt foam in the digital image;
M′reference-the number of pixels in the digital image corresponding to the bottom area of the barrel with a diameter of 275 mm;
counting connected domains of the image by using a bwleabel function in Matlab, wherein the number of the connected domains in the image is the number of the asphalt foams; counting the number of the asphalt foams in different equivalent diameter intervals to obtain the size distribution rule of the asphalt foams;
eighthly, defining that the digital image is composed of pixels by adopting a pixel counting method, converting a shot image received by the second high-speed industrial camera (2) into a plurality of pixels by using an Area function in Matlab as a reference object, wherein the Area of the side surface of the barrel with the length of 350mm and the width of 275mm, and the actual accumulated height h of the asphalt foam is calculated by the following formula;
in the formula: h-the actual cumulative height of the foamed asphalt, mm;
m-the number of pixels corresponding to all foamed asphalt in the digital image;
M″reference-the number of pixels in the digital image corresponding to the area of the side of the barrel 350mm long and 275mm wide;
setting the time of just spraying foamed asphalt as 0, setting the time of recovering the height of the asphalt foam to be in an unfoamed state when the asphalt foam is completely broken as t, and measuring and calculating a foaming performance evaluation index according to a change rule of the accumulated height of the asphalt foam obtained based on the digital image within a time period of 0-t by the following formula, wherein the height difference of each 53mm corresponds to the expansion rate of 6 times;
HL＝t″-t′
DP＝t-t′
in the formula: h ismax-cumulatively reaching a maximum height，mm；
hj-height, mm, of the bitumen froth returning to the unfoamed state after complete rupture;
ERmax-maximum expansion, times;
HL-half life, s;
t "-attainment of ERmaxTime, s;
t' -decay to 1/2 ERmaxThe corresponding time, s;
t-the time, s, when the bitumen froth is completely broken, i.e. returns to the height in the unfoamed state;
DP-decay phase, s;
FI-foaming index;
the ratio of the measured C-expansion ratio to the actual C-expansion ratio is 1;
ts-injection time, s.
2. The method for testing the foaming performance of the asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the system for testing the foaming performance of the asphalt comprises a foamed asphalt containing device, a foamed image acquisition system and a foamed image analysis system.
3. The method for testing the foaming performance of the asphalt according to claim 2, wherein the foamed asphalt containing device is a cylinder (3) which is 275mm in diameter and 350mm in height and is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic.
4. The asphalt foaming performance testing method according to claim 3, wherein the foaming image acquisition system comprises a first high-speed industrial camera (1), a second high-speed industrial camera (2), four white direct current light sources (6), two data transmission lines (7) and an electronic computer (5).
5. The asphalt foaming performance testing method according to claim 4, wherein the foaming image analysis system comprises an electronic computer (5) and digital image analysis software built in the computer.
6. The method for testing the foaming performance of the asphalt according to claim 5, wherein transparent asphalt separant-butter (4) with the thickness of 1mm is uniformly coated on the periphery of the inner wall of the barrel body of the foamed asphalt containing device, and the barrel body (3) made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic material and the transparent asphalt separant-butter (4) are heated to 150 ℃ by an oven.
7. The asphalt foaming performance testing method according to claim 6, wherein the first high-speed industrial camera (1) in the foaming image acquisition system is arranged right above the barrel body (3) made of high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic, the distance from the height of the camera to the top of the barrel body is 20cm, and the form change of asphalt foam sprayed into the barrel is shot; the second high-speed industrial camera (2) is arranged on the outer side of the high-temperature-resistant heat-preservation transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel body (3), the lens is fixed at a position 17.5cm away from the ground, the horizontal distance from the lens to the side wall of the barrel body is 20cm, and height change of asphalt foam is shot; wherein, the two white direct current light sources (6) are respectively arranged at the positions with the horizontal distance of 15cm at the two sides of the first high-speed industrial camera (1), the height of the two white direct current light sources is consistent with the height of a lens, and the irradiation angle is 45 degrees; the other two white direct current light sources (6) are respectively arranged 17.5cm above and below the second high-speed industrial camera (2), the horizontal distance from the barrel side wall is consistent with the horizontal distance from the lens to the barrel side wall, and the irradiation angle is 45 degrees.
8. The asphalt foaming performance test method according to claim 7, wherein the number of frames of the first high-speed industrial camera (1) and the second high-speed industrial camera (2) is set to 20fps, and the electronic computer (5) receives images shot by the first high-speed industrial camera (1) and the second high-speed industrial camera (2) through the data transmission line (7).
9. The asphalt foaming performance testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that a digital image analysis processing Matlab program is programmed in the foaming image analysis system, the shot images received by the first high-speed industrial camera (1) are digitized, and the number and size distribution rule parameters of asphalt foams at different moments are calculated according to image information; and compiling a digital image analysis and processing Matlab program, carrying out digital processing on the shot image received by the second high-speed industrial camera (2), drawing a foam asphalt expansion rate change curve according to the accumulated height change of the asphalt foam sprayed into the barrel, and calculating the maximum expansion rate, the half-life period and the foaming index foaming performance evaluation index.
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| CN112435229B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江致欣检测技术有限公司 | Comprehensive evaluation method for asphalt foaming performance based on IPP processing software |
| CN113033986B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛科技大学 | Asphalt foaming quality evaluation method |
| CN113376161B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2024-02-02 | 山西省交通科技研发有限公司 | Foam asphalt foaming effect evaluation and foaming parameter optimization method |
| CN113607933A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-05 | 烟台市公路事业发展中心 | Foamed asphalt foaming performance testing system and method |
| CN113916139B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-06-13 | 西安石油大学 | Device and method for measuring foam size distribution |
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