CN109654938B - Online condenser cleaning device and cleaning method for supercavitation high-pressure water jet - Google Patents
Online condenser cleaning device and cleaning method for supercavitation high-pressure water jet Download PDFInfo
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- CN109654938B CN109654938B CN201811230766.3A CN201811230766A CN109654938B CN 109654938 B CN109654938 B CN 109654938B CN 201811230766 A CN201811230766 A CN 201811230766A CN 109654938 B CN109654938 B CN 109654938B
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002018 water-jet injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
- F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
- F28G1/163—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from internal surfaces of heat exchange conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/003—Control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/08—Locating position of cleaning appliances within conduits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an online cleaning device and a cleaning method for a condenser of a supercavitation high-pressure water jet, wherein the device comprises a cleaning mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are connected with each other; the cleaning mechanism comprises a butt joint device and a super-cavity generator which are connected with each other, the super-cavity generator is an annular cavity, the outer ring is used for conveying compressed air, and the inner ring is provided with a high-pressure water jet nozzle; the positioning mechanism comprises a slide rail, a slide block and a hydraulic propelling device which are controlled by a two-dimensional robot positioning system, wherein the propelling end of the hydraulic propelling device is connected with the slide block, and the slide block is arranged on the slide rail. When the device is used for cleaning the condenser, the supercavity generator is firstly utilized to blow out supercavity penetrating through the heat exchange tubes of the whole condenser, and then ultrahigh pressure water jet flow is utilized to flush. The device can ensure the cleaning effect, does not need a rigid device to enter a condenser heat exchange tube, is a pollution-free and purely physical condenser online cleaning technology, and realizes energy conservation of the cold end of a thermal power plant/nuclear power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of condenser cleaning, and particularly relates to an online cleaning device and a cleaning method for a condenser by supercavitation high-pressure water jet.
Background
The condenser is the main auxiliary assembly of power plant, plays the cold source effect in the thermodynamic cycle, and the heat economy nature of system is directly influenced to condenser performance.
With the development of the electric power industry in China, a large number of coastal and riverside power plants (including nuclear power plants) are built, and condensers of the power plants mostly adopt open cooling, namely water from natural water bodies (rivers, lakes and seas) is directly used as circulating water cooling condensers. As the water intake source of the circulating water comes from a natural water body, some microorganisms, shellfish and algae can be bred on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube of the condenser, and biomass dirt is formed. In addition, silt in natural water bodies can also form silt dirt. The existence of condenser dirt has great influence on energy conservation and emission reduction of a power plant, for example, a dirt layer with the thickness of only 0.2mm can reduce the condensation heat transfer coefficient of pure steam by 20-25 percent, and the coal consumption of the power plant-degree electric standard is increased by 2-4 g/kwh.
At present, no effective online cleaning means is available for biomass dirt of the open-type cooling condenser all the time in the world, so that most of power plants along the coast and the Yangtze river can only utilize some means to prevent the formation of the dirt, and once the dirt is formed, no effective means is available for resisting the dirt. The method not only can reduce the operation benefit of the power plant, but also is a potential safety hazard.
The method generally adopted in China for online cleaning is to put rubber balls into a condenser and remove dirt by utilizing the friction effect between the rubber balls and the heat exchange pipe wall of the condenser. However, the cleaning effect of the rubber ball cleaning is not satisfactory, and the rubber ball feeding system is sometimes troubled by the problem of ball collecting rate, so that it is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of condenser fouling.
The robot online cleaning of the condenser of the thermal power plant is a new emerging technology which is emerging in recent years, and can effectively realize the online cleaning of the condenser of the thermal power plant. At present, three methods are mainly used for cleaning domestic condenser robots, but the three methods cannot effectively and safely resist against biomass dirt of open condensers. The first type is a condenser heat exchange tube inner robot chemical cleaning technology represented by Xuzhou Bison Intelligent science and technology limited company, which cannot be used in an open unit because circulating water of the open unit is from a natural water body and must be discharged back to rivers, lakes and seas. If the cleaning is performed by using chemical substances, the chemical substances cannot enter the natural environment, which inevitably causes serious ecological pollution. The second category is represented by Changsha electric power academy and Zhengzhou sai, and the technology of cleaning the heat exchange tubes of the condenser by a robot through high-pressure water spraying is adopted. The technology belongs to physical cleaning, but whether high-pressure water jet injection or water pump injection is adopted, the technology is limited by the huge viscosity of underwater fluid, the energy is attenuated quickly after water injection, and the physical scouring effect on the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe is very limited, so that the technology only has a removing effect on silt deposited in the pipe and is completely ineffective on biomass dirt in the pipe. The third category is represented by China mining university and Nanjing Ke Yuan Bingzhuan company, and the technology of cleaning the heat exchange tube of the condenser by high-pressure water jet by a robot belongs to physical cleaning. But the fatal problems of this technique are: a rigid cleaning spray head connected with a hose is required to be sent into a heat exchange tube of the condenser, and potential safety hazards such as blockage or tube explosion of the cleaning spray head in the heat exchange tube of the condenser exist.
In summary, various existing on-line cleaning technologies for various condenser robots have various defects, and a new generation of technology is needed to solve the problems in the power industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: the invention aims to provide an online cleaning device and a cleaning method for a condenser by utilizing supercavitation high-pressure water jet for cleaning biomass dirt of an open unit of the condenser, the device can ensure the cleaning effect, a rigid device is not required to enter a heat exchange tube of the condenser, the device is a pollution-free and purely-physical online cleaning technology for the condenser, and the energy conservation of a cold end of a thermal power plant/a nuclear power plant is realized.
The technical scheme is as follows: an online cleaning device for a condenser of a supercavitation high-pressure water jet comprises a cleaning mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are connected with each other;
the cleaning mechanism comprises a butt joint device and a super-cavity generator which are connected with each other, the super-cavity generator is an annular cavity, the outer ring is used for conveying compressed air, the inner ring is provided with a high-pressure water jet nozzle, and the high-pressure water jet nozzle is connected with a high-pressure water generating device;
the positioning mechanism comprises a slide rail, a slide block and a hydraulic propelling device which are controlled by a two-dimensional robot positioning system, wherein the propelling end of the hydraulic propelling device is connected with the slide block, and the slide block is arranged on the slide rail;
the cleaning mechanism and the positioning mechanism are connected with the sliding block through the supercavity generator.
Furthermore, a sealing gasket is arranged on the surface of the butt joint device, a central hole is formed in the center of the sealing gasket, and the diameter of the central hole is 3-6 mm.
Furthermore, a pressure measuring hole is arranged at the joint of the butt joint device and the supercavitation generator, and a pressure measuring hose connected with a pressure detector is placed in the pressure measuring hole.
The cleaning method based on the online cleaning device comprises the following steps:
step 1, after a two-dimensional robot positioning system positions a pipe orifice of a heat exchange pipe of a condenser, a hydraulic propulsion device pushes a sliding block to move along a sliding rail, and the sliding block pushes a cleaning mechanism to move so that a butt joint device is in butt joint with the pipe orifice of the heat exchange pipe;
and 3, stopping compressing air and high-pressure water after one heat exchange tube is cleaned, positioning the next heat exchange tube by the two-dimensional robot positioning system for cleaning, and circulating the steps to complete the supercavitation cleaning of the whole condenser.
Has the advantages that: the cleaning device and the cleaning method provided by the invention belong to a pure physical cleaning mode from the cleaning mechanism perspective, and in the field of cleaning of open condensers, the worry of environmental pollution is completely avoided; from the aspect of cleaning effect, the technology greatly weakens the influence from the viscosity of circulating water during underwater cleaning by utilizing the supercavitation technology, so that the effective cleaning range of high-pressure water jet can penetrate through the whole heat exchange tube, and compared with direct underwater water jet (without cavitation) cleaning, the cleaning effect is greatly improved; from the perspective of system layout, only arrange belt cleaning device can in condenser heat exchange tube one end, neither need two sides arrange belt cleaning device, also need not any rigidity belt cleaning device to get into the heat exchange tube, thoroughly avoided the cleaning process to the condenser various potential safety hazards that probably produce.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cleaning apparatus installed in a water chamber of a condenser in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a cleaning mechanism in embodiment 1;
the system comprises a condenser heat exchange tube 1, a condenser water chamber tube plate 2, a butt joint device 3, a supercavitation generator 4, a sliding block 5, a two-dimensional robot positioning system 6, a high-pressure water jet nozzle 7, a hydraulic propulsion device 8, a compressed air hose 9, a sliding rail 10, a condenser water chamber 11, an ultrahigh-pressure electromagnetic valve 12, a compressor 13, a high-pressure water generating device 14, a pressure detector 15, a pressure measuring hole 31, a central injection hole 32 and a butt joint device sealing gasket 33.
Detailed Description
In view of the problems of the prior art: the invention aims to clean biomass dirt of an open unit, provides a pollution-free and purely physical online cleaning technology of a condenser, which ensures the cleaning effect, does not need a rigid device to enter a heat exchange tube of the condenser, and realizes the cold end energy conservation of a thermal power plant/a nuclear power plant.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the online cleaning device and the cleaning method for the condenser with the supercavitation high-pressure water jet comprise a cleaning mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are connected with each other.
The cleaning mechanism comprises a butt joint device 3 and a super-cavity generator 4 which are connected with each other, the super-cavity generator 4 is an annular cavity, the outer ring is used for conveying compressed air, the inner ring is provided with a high-pressure water jet nozzle 7, and the high-pressure water jet nozzle is connected with a high-pressure water generating device. The high-pressure water generator 14 supplies high-pressure water (pressure range is 17Mpa-30 Mpa) to the high-pressure water jet head 7 through a high-pressure hose, and the opening and closing of the high-pressure water is controlled by the ultrahigh-pressure solenoid valve 12. The compressor 13 supplies compressed air to the supercavitation generator 4 through the compressed air hose 9.
The positioning mechanism comprises a slide rail 10, a slide block 5 and a hydraulic propelling device 8 which are controlled by a two-dimensional robot positioning system 6, the propelling end of the hydraulic propelling device 8 is connected with the slide block 5, and the slide block 5 is arranged on the slide rail 10.
And the supercavity generator of the cleaning mechanism is connected with the sliding block of the positioning mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2, a butt-joint device 3 is installed at one end of the cleaning mechanism facing the heat exchange tube of the condenser, and is used for butt-joint of the cleaning mechanism and the heat exchange tube of the condenser. The surface of the butt joint device 3 is provided with a sealing gasket 33, the center of the sealing gasket is provided with a central hole 32, and the diameter of the central hole is 3-6 mm; the rear part of the butt joint device 3 is connected with a supercavity generator 4 which is in an annular cavity, the outer ring is used for conveying compressed air, and the inner ring is provided with a high-pressure water jet nozzle 7. After the cleaning mechanism is successfully butted with the pipe orifice of the heat exchange pipe of the condenser, compressed air of the outer ring can flow into the heat exchange pipe through the central hole 32 of the butting connector, and supercavity penetrating through the heat exchange pipe of the whole condenser is blown out; once the supercavity is formed, the ultrahigh-pressure electromagnetic valve 12 can be opened, high-pressure water is ejected from the high-pressure water jet nozzle 7 at supersonic speed, the ejected diameter of the water jet is less than 1mm, and the water jet and compressed air can be sprayed into a heat exchange tube of the condenser through a central hole of the butting connector. Due to the existence of the supercavity, the viscosity of surrounding fluid is greatly reduced when the water jet flies, the effective cleaning range of the jet can penetrate through the whole heat exchange tube, and the high-efficiency physical cleaning of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, a pressure tap 31 is arranged in the region where the supercavitation generator 4 and the docking adapter 3 are connected, and the pressure tap 31 is connected to the pressure detector 15 outside the condenser through a pressure hose. The structure is used for detecting whether the butt joint of the cleaning mechanism and the heat exchange tube of the condenser is successful or not. If the butt joint is successful, the butt joint device is communicated with a certain heat exchange tube, at the moment, after the supercavity generator injects compressed air, the gas is discharged from the heat exchange tube, and the pressure measuring tube detects that the pressure is low; if the interior of the butted heat exchange tubes is blocked or the two-dimensional robot is not aligned to any heat exchange tube due to positioning error, after the supercavity generator injects compressed air, the high pressure is detected by the piezometric tube due to unsmooth removal of the compressed air.
In the present embodiment, the cleaning device is disposed in the condenser water chamber 11. The left side of the water chamber 11 is provided with a water chamber tube plate 2 of the condenser, and the plane of the tube plate 2 is connected with nearly ten thousand heat exchange tubes 1 of the condenser. The on-line cleaning device for the supercavitation high-pressure water jet of the condenser is used for cleaning the heat exchange tubes one by one. When the system works, the two-dimensional robot positioning system 6 performs two-dimensional positioning on the pipe orifices of the single or multiple heat exchange pipes 1 on the plane of the pipe plate 2, so that the butt joint device 3 of the cleaning mechanism is aligned to the pipe orifices of the heat exchange pipes 1 of the condenser. Then the hydraulic propulsion device 8 pushes the slide block 5 to move linearly forwards (left side in the figure) along the slide rail 10, and the slide block 5 drives the cleaning mechanism to complete the butt joint with the pipe orifice of the heat exchange pipe 1. After docking, the supercavity generator 4 injects compressed air into the dockee 3, and meanwhile, if the pressure fed back by the external pressure detector 15 is low, the docking is successful, and the next step is performed. If the pressure is high, indicating that the docking is failed, cleaning of the position is abandoned. When the pressure detector 15 shows that the butt joint is successful, the high-pressure water jet is started to spray, and the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe is physically cleaned. The compressed air and the high-pressure water jet flow are continuously sprayed into the heat exchange tube of the condenser at the same time during cleaning to form stable supercavitation jet flow.
The cleaning is finished after the compressed air and the high-pressure water jet are continuously sprayed for 4-6 minutes. At this point, the supply of compressed air and high pressure water is stopped, while the hydraulic propulsion device pulls the slider, pulling the cleaning head back from the docking station. And after the heat exchange tube is pulled back, the two-dimensional robot is started, and the next heat exchange tube is positioned. And repeating the steps in this way to complete the supercavitation cleaning of the whole condenser.
The invention relates to an online cleaning device and a cleaning method for a condenser of supercavitation high-pressure water jet, which are required to be explained in the following aspects during specific implementation:
(1) considering that the condenser during operation, impurity such as the saw-dust that comes from the circulating water, the filler piece of cooling tower can influence robot positioning system's operation, requires above-mentioned robot system to be settled in condenser return water indoor usually, can utilize the heat exchanger tube bank of condenser to filter a part of impurity like this. However, the robot system may be arranged in other water chambers in case of special requirements.
(2) The two-dimensional robot positioning device adopted by the system is only required to be capable of positioning a single point or multiple points on a two-dimensional plane, so that the specific structure of the two-dimensional robot positioning device is not particularly limited, and the two-dimensional robot positioning device can be a rectangular coordinate robot, a double-joint robot or any other robot device capable of positioning the two-dimensional plane.
(3) Considering that a large amount of gas is discharged into a condenser circulating water system, an exhaust drainage device must be arranged at the downstream of a condenser water chamber so as to avoid the problems of water hammer, gas blockage and the like.
(4) Although the on-line cleaning device and the cleaning method for the condenser by the supercavitation high-pressure water jet are mainly provided for the biomass dirt problem of the open type condenser, the applicability of the cleaning method can be completely expanded to the on-line cleaning of any condenser, and the cleaning method is not limited to the open type condenser.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a supercavitation high pressure water jet's condenser on-line cleaning device which characterized in that: comprises a cleaning mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are connected with each other;
the cleaning mechanism comprises a butt joint device and a supercavity generator which are connected with each other, the supercavity generator is an annular cavity,
the outer ring is used for conveying compressed air, after the cleaning mechanism is successfully butted with the pipe orifice of the heat exchange pipe of the condenser, the compressed air of the outer ring flows into the heat exchange pipe through the central hole of the butting connector, and blows out supercavity penetrating through the heat exchange pipe of the whole condenser, and the inner ring is provided with a high-pressure water jet spray head which is connected with a high-pressure water generating device;
a sealing gasket is arranged on the surface of the butting connector, a central hole is formed in the center of the sealing gasket, and the diameter of the central hole is 3-6 mm;
a pressure measuring hole is arranged at the joint of the butt joint device and the supercavitation generator, and a pressure measuring hose connected with a pressure detector is arranged in the pressure measuring hole;
the positioning mechanism comprises a slide rail, a slide block and a hydraulic propelling device which are controlled by a two-dimensional robot positioning system, wherein the propelling end of the hydraulic propelling device is connected with the slide block, and the slide block is arranged on the slide rail;
the cleaning mechanism and the positioning mechanism are connected with the sliding block through the supercavity generator.
2. The cleaning method of the on-line cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, after a two-dimensional robot positioning system positions a pipe orifice of a heat exchange pipe of a condenser, a hydraulic propulsion device pushes a sliding block to move along a sliding rail, and the sliding block pushes a cleaning mechanism to move so that a butt joint device is in butt joint with the pipe orifice of the heat exchange pipe;
step 2, after butt joint, injecting compressed air into the butt joint device by the supercavity generator, detecting pressure by a pressure detector, judging whether the butt joint device is successfully butted with the heat exchange tube, if the butt joint device is successfully butted with the heat exchange tube, enabling the compressed air of the outer ring to flow into the heat exchange tube through a central hole of the butt joint device, blowing out supercavity penetrating through the heat exchange tube of the whole condenser, starting jet of high-pressure water jet, starting physical cleaning of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and continuously spraying the compressed air and the high-pressure water jet into the heat exchange tube of the condenser while keeping cleaning so as to form stable supercavity jet;
and 3, stopping compressing air and high-pressure water after one heat exchange tube is cleaned, positioning the next heat exchange tube by the two-dimensional robot positioning system for cleaning, and circulating the steps to complete the supercavitation cleaning of the whole condenser.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811230766.3A CN109654938B (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2018-10-22 | Online condenser cleaning device and cleaning method for supercavitation high-pressure water jet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811230766.3A CN109654938B (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2018-10-22 | Online condenser cleaning device and cleaning method for supercavitation high-pressure water jet |
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| CN109654938B true CN109654938B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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| CN114251972A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-29 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Online ultrasonic cleaning system of condenser |
| CN114396828B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-05-10 | 苏州天河中电电力工程技术有限公司 | Condenser heat transfer tube cavitation jet cleaning device and cleaning method thereof |
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| JP4158515B2 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2008-10-01 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 2-fluid nozzle for cleaning and cleaning method |
| CN204974552U (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-01-20 | 上海永灼机电有限公司 | Clean shower nozzle of improved generation high -voltage pulse |
| CN106595381A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-04-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for chemically cleaning condenser based on continuous jet of acid cleaner |
| CN107350237A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-17 | 杭州科技职业技术学院 | A kind of rotating cylinder quick descaling device using vacuole technology |
| CN108554895A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-21 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of vacuole derusting device |
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