CN109653775B - Buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and supporting method - Google Patents
Buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and supporting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109653775B CN109653775B CN201910056487.8A CN201910056487A CN109653775B CN 109653775 B CN109653775 B CN 109653775B CN 201910056487 A CN201910056487 A CN 201910056487A CN 109653775 B CN109653775 B CN 109653775B
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and a supporting method, wherein the bracket comprises a plurality of U-shaped steel brackets, the plurality of U-shaped steel brackets are arranged in parallel, and frame legs on the same side of two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets are connected through a cross beam; the U-shaped steel bracket comprises a semicircular top beam, two bracket legs and two energy absorbing devices, wherein two ends of the top beam are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two bracket legs; the energy absorbing device comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, an energy absorbing pipe, a plurality of groups of steel balls and a spring seat; the inner pipe is arranged in the outer pipe; an energy-absorbing pipe is arranged between the outer pipe and the inner pipe, an inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe is conical with a large upper part and a small lower part, a plurality of groups of steel balls are arranged between the inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe and the inner pipe, and each group of steel balls are positioned in the same horizontal plane; the lower end of the inner tube is connected with the spring seat through a spring; the lower ends of the two frame legs are respectively connected with the upper ends of the inner tubes of the two energy absorbing devices. The invention has good effect when used in mining areas such as rock burst and the like, can prevent the rock burst hazard to ensure personnel safety to the maximum extent, can greatly reduce supporting cost, strengthen the whole supporting effect, can effectively prevent the rock burst and ensure the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel engineering deformation and tunnel surrounding rock control, and particularly relates to a buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and a supporting method for underground mining rock burst and rock burst.
Background
In recent years, due to the continuous increase of mining depth and the increasing complexity of mining environment, the number and the hazard degree of mines in which rock burst disasters occur have a remarkable rising trend. Thus, the rock burst problem will be more severe, more prominent, and more prevalent. The rock burst disaster not only brings great hidden trouble to the safety production of the mine, but also seriously threatens the life safety of the mine personnel. Therefore, along with the increasing prominence of rock burst disasters, how to ensure the safety of underground personnel and equipment and ensure the safety production of mines, and accurately and timely predicting the rock burst and effectively controlling the occurrence of the rock burst have become one of the safety production problems faced in the deep mining field and needing to be overcome in China. In addition, because the rigid support has no buffering force, the deformation range of the support is small, the elastic energy accumulated on the coal bodies around the roadway cannot be effectively released, and the rock burst is difficult to release, so that a brand new roadway support supporting system needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the buffer bracket and the supporting method which have high supporting strength, large supporting area, low cost, good overall stability and scalability, can realize three-dimensional yielding, have good supporting effect on surrounding rocks of a roadway, can absorb energy and yielding through the expansion and contraction of a self device, reduce the production cost and also ensure the long-term stability of supporting structures and surrounding rocks of the roadway.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding comprises a plurality of U-shaped steel brackets, wherein the U-shaped steel brackets are arranged in parallel, and the frame legs on the same side of two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets are connected through a cross beam; the U-shaped steel bracket comprises a semicircular top beam, two bracket legs and two energy absorbing devices, wherein two ends of the top beam are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two bracket legs to form an n-shaped bracket; the energy absorbing device comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, an energy absorbing pipe, a plurality of groups of steel balls and a spring seat; the inner pipe is arranged in the outer pipe; an energy-absorbing pipe is arranged between the outer pipe and the inner pipe, an inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe is conical with a large upper part and a small lower part, a plurality of groups of steel balls are arranged between the inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe and the inner pipe, and each group of steel balls are positioned in the same horizontal plane; the lower end of the inner tube is connected with the spring seat through a spring; the lower ends of the two frame legs are respectively connected with the upper ends of the inner tubes of the two energy absorbing devices.
In the buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding, the cross beam comprises two connecting rods and telescopic pull rods, and one ends of the two connecting rods, which are opposite, are respectively connected with the frame legs on the same side of the two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets; one end of the two connecting rods, which is opposite, is respectively connected with two ends of the telescopic pull rod.
In the buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding, the telescopic pull rod comprises a spring, a buckle, a soft leather sheath and two pull rods; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the opposite ends of the two pull rods through buckles; the outer side of the spring is wrapped with a soft leather sheath, and two ends of the soft leather sheath are fixed through buckles.
In the buffering support capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding, the sand prevention cover is arranged at the upper end of the outer tube, and the energy absorption tube is made of aluminum soft metal.
The supporting method of the buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding comprises the following steps:
(1) Paving an anchor net on the surface of a newly tunneled roadway, erecting a U-shaped rigid support, and installing and fixing the support legs and the top beam through a U-shaped steel clamping cable according to assembly requirements;
(2) Determining the quantity of the anchor rods required, then drilling anchor rod drilling holes by using an anchor rod drilling machine, and enabling the anchor rod drilling holes to correspond to anchor rod mounting holes reserved on the U-shaped steel bracket;
(3) Welding the upper end of an inner tube of the energy absorber on a frame leg, fixing a U-shaped rigid support, adding a sand prevention cover at the upper end of an outer tube of the energy absorber, preventing steel balls from falling off and preventing an ash layer from entering; then, all the buffer brackets capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are installed and placed on one section of a roadway and anchored by anchor rods;
(4) Every interval is a distance in the tunnel, a group of buffer brackets capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are installed, and two adjacent buffer brackets capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are connected together through a crossbeam between the same side frame legs of the buffer brackets until the supporting installation between the sections of the whole tunnel is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the buffering bracket for realizing three-dimensional yielding has the energy absorbing device, can absorb energy and yielding and has good buffering effect; a) When the inner cylindrical steel pipe is pressed downwards, the steel balls are pressed tightly with the cylindrical steel pipe wall, and meanwhile, the lower spring of the device is contracted, so that the energy absorption effect can be well achieved; c) The steel balls are easy to recycle, the device is simple and practical, and the disassembly is convenient; d) The support system has the advantages that the support system has a good energy absorption and pressure release effect on the whole, the stability of the support system is improved, and meanwhile, the support system can be contractible along the three-dimensional axial direction of the roadway, so that the support effect of surrounding rocks of the roadway is greatly enhanced.
2. The buffer bracket for realizing three-dimensional yielding has the advantages of low production cost and great saving of production cost because the steel balls are consumed little and are easy to recycle.
3. The buffer bracket for realizing three-dimensional yielding realizes a telescopic function along the axial direction of a roadway, and the support system is more perfect; the invention has good effect when used in mining areas such as rock burst and the like, can prevent the rock burst hazard to ensure personnel safety to the maximum extent, can greatly reduce supporting cost, strengthen the whole supporting effect, can effectively prevent the rock burst and ensure the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional crush-capable cushioning stent according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional stent system of a cushioning stent capable of achieving three-dimensional crush.
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of an energy absorber of a cushioning stent of the present invention that achieves three-dimensional crush.
FIG. 4 is a schematic transverse cross-sectional view of an energy absorber of a cushioning stent of the present invention that achieves three-dimensional crush.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic pull rod structure of a buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding.
Wherein: 1-top beam, 2-leg, 3-inner tube, 4-outer tube, 5-steel ball, 6-energy-absorbing tube, 7-anchor rod, 8-sand-proof cover, 9-tray, 10-energy-absorbing device, 11-anchor rod mounting hole, 12-bolt, 13-nut, 14-U-shaped steel cable clip, 15-spring, 16-buckle, 17-soft leather sheath, 18-pull rod, 19-crossbeam, 191-telescopic pull rod and 20-spring seat.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the buffering support capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding comprises a plurality of U-shaped steel supports, wherein the U-shaped steel supports are arranged in parallel, and the support legs on the same side of two adjacent U-shaped steel supports are connected through a cross beam 19. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the cross beam comprises two connecting rods and a telescopic pull rod, and one ends of the two connecting rods, which are opposite, are respectively connected with the frame legs 2 on the same side of the two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets. One end of the two connecting rods, which is opposite, is respectively connected with two ends of the telescopic pull rod. The telescopic pull rod comprises a spring 15, a buckle 16, a soft leather sheath 17 and two pull rods 18; the two ends of the spring 15 are respectively connected with the opposite ends of the two pull rods 18 through buckles 16. The outer side of the spring 15 is wrapped with a soft leather sheath 17, and two ends of the soft leather sheath 17 are fixed through buckles 16.
The U-shaped steel bracket comprises a semicircular top beam 1, two frame legs 2 and two energy absorbing devices 10, wherein two ends of the top beam 1 are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two frame legs 2 through U-shaped steel clamping cables 14 to form an n-shaped bracket. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the energy absorbing device 10 includes an inner tube 3, an outer tube 4, an energy absorbing tube 6, a plurality of groups of steel balls 5 and a spring seat 20. The inner tube 3 is arranged in the outer tube 4; an energy-absorbing pipe 6 is arranged between the outer pipe 4 and the inner pipe 3, an inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe 6 is conical, the upper part of the inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe 6 is small, a plurality of groups of steel balls 5 are arranged between the inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe 6 and the inner pipe, and each group of steel balls are positioned in the same horizontal plane. The lower end of the inner tube 3 is connected with a spring seat 20 through a spring 15; the outer tube 4 is connected to the spring seat 20 by a bolt 12. The lower ends of the two frame legs 2 are respectively connected with the upper ends of the inner tubes 3 of the two energy-absorbing devices, the upper end of the outer tube 4 is provided with a sand prevention cover 8, the sand prevention cover 8 prevents the steel balls 5 from falling down and prevents dust from entering, and the energy-absorbing tube 6 is made of aluminum soft metal.
When the pressure is applied, the inner tube 3 of the energy absorbing device 10 is compressed downwards, the steel balls 5 are driven to extrude the energy absorbing tube 6 made of aluminum soft metal, and the energy absorbing effect is achieved. And the inner tube 3 presses the spring 15 downwards, and the spring 15 can bear a certain pressure by contraction, so that the pressure-releasing effect can be well achieved. Two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets are connected through a cross beam 19, and a telescopic pull rod 191 is arranged on the cross beam 19, so that axial scalability is realized when axial compression is carried out.
The buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and the supporting method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) The anchor net is paved on the surface of a newly tunneled roadway, a U-shaped rigid support is erected, and the support legs and the top beam are installed and fixed through the U-shaped steel clamping cables 14 according to the assembly requirement.
(2) The number of anchor rods 7 required is determined, and anchor rod drilling holes are drilled by using an anchor rod drilling machine, and the anchor rod drilling holes correspond to anchor rod mounting holes 11 reserved on the U-shaped steel support.
(3) The upper end of the inner tube 3 of the energy absorber 10 is welded on the frame leg 2, a U-shaped rigid support is fixed, a sand prevention cover 8 is added at the upper end of the outer tube 4 of the energy absorber 10, the steel balls 5 are prevented from falling, and dust is prevented from entering. And then the buffer support capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding is fully installed and placed on one section of the roadway and anchored by the anchor rod.
(4) Every interval a set of bracket systems are installed, and the adjacent frame legs 2 on the same side of the buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are connected together through the cross beam 19 until the supporting installation between the sections of the whole roadway is completed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a can realize three-dimensional buffering support that lets press, includes a plurality of U shaped steel supports, a plurality of U shaped steel supports parallel arrangement, characterized by: the frame legs on the same side of two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets are connected through a cross beam; the U-shaped steel bracket comprises a semicircular top beam, two bracket legs and two energy absorbing devices, wherein two ends of the top beam are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two bracket legs to form an n-shaped bracket; the energy absorbing device comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, an energy absorbing pipe, a plurality of groups of steel balls and a spring seat; the inner pipe is arranged in the outer pipe; an energy-absorbing pipe is arranged between the outer pipe and the inner pipe, an inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe is conical with a large upper part and a small lower part, a plurality of groups of steel balls are arranged between the inner hole of the energy-absorbing pipe and the inner pipe, and each group of steel balls are positioned in the same horizontal plane; the lower end of the inner tube is connected with the spring seat through a spring; the lower ends of the two frame legs are respectively connected with the upper ends of the inner tubes of the two energy absorbing devices.
2. The cushioning stent capable of three-dimensional yielding according to claim 1, wherein: the beam comprises two connecting rods and a telescopic pull rod, and one ends of the two connecting rods, which are opposite, are respectively connected with the frame legs on the same side of the two adjacent U-shaped steel brackets; one end of the two connecting rods, which is opposite, is respectively connected with two ends of the telescopic pull rod.
3. The cushioning stent capable of three-dimensional yielding according to claim 2, wherein: the telescopic pull rod comprises a spring, a buckle, a soft leather sheath and two pull rods; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the opposite ends of the two pull rods through buckles; the outer side of the spring is wrapped with a soft leather sheath, and two ends of the soft leather sheath are fixed through buckles.
4. The cushioning stent capable of three-dimensional yielding according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the outer tube is provided with a sand prevention cover.
5. A method of supporting a cushioning scaffold capable of three-dimensional crush using the method of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
(1) Paving an anchor net on the surface of a newly tunneled roadway, erecting a U-shaped rigid support, and installing and fixing the support legs and the top beam through a U-shaped steel clamping cable according to assembly requirements;
(2) Determining the quantity of the anchor rods required, then drilling anchor rod drilling holes by using an anchor rod drilling machine, and enabling the anchor rod drilling holes to correspond to anchor rod mounting holes reserved on the U-shaped steel bracket;
(3) Welding the upper end of an inner tube of the energy absorber on a frame leg, fixing a U-shaped rigid support, adding a sand prevention cover at the upper end of an outer tube of the energy absorber, preventing steel balls from falling off and preventing an ash layer from entering; then, all the buffer brackets capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are installed and placed on one section of a roadway and anchored by anchor rods;
(4) Every interval is a distance in the tunnel, a group of buffer brackets capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are installed, the same side frame legs of two adjacent buffer brackets capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding are connected together through a cross beam until the supporting installation between the sections of the whole tunnel is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910056487.8A CN109653775B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and supporting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910056487.8A CN109653775B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and supporting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109653775A CN109653775A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
| CN109653775B true CN109653775B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| CN201910056487.8A Active CN109653775B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Buffer bracket capable of realizing three-dimensional yielding and supporting method |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110030018B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2024-08-16 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Weak surrounding rock tunnel supporting device |
| CN109989773B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2024-08-16 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Anchor-pulling support system and method for highway soft rock tunnel |
| CN111058882B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-02-26 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Top beam of anti-impact advanced hydraulic support |
| CN111810201A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-23 | 程良 | Can let pressure U shaped steel support |
| CN111911201B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-09-02 | 山东科技大学 | Energy-absorbing and energy-releasing comprehensive anti-impact support method for rock burst roadway |
| CN112610253A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-06 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Rock burst temporary sheltering device |
| CN113006831B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-07-22 | 山东科技大学 | Steel arch yielding buffer support for roadway miner and implementation method thereof |
| CN113374497B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-10-14 | 山东科技大学 | Active and passive support coupling integral coordination bearing structure and method for arch roadway |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256061A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-08-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Coal-mining roadway scour-preventing and energy-absorbing combined metal support and assembly method |
| WO2016008205A1 (en) * | 2014-07-12 | 2016-01-21 | 朱林学 | One-way retracting flexible support |
| CN205445639U (en) * | 2016-02-14 | 2016-08-10 | 辽宁天安科技有限公司 | Tunnel is prevented shrink and is strutted support |
| CN209483384U (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-10-11 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of achievable three-dimensional allows the buffering stand of pressure |
-
2019
- 2019-01-22 CN CN201910056487.8A patent/CN109653775B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256061A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-08-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Coal-mining roadway scour-preventing and energy-absorbing combined metal support and assembly method |
| WO2016008205A1 (en) * | 2014-07-12 | 2016-01-21 | 朱林学 | One-way retracting flexible support |
| CN205445639U (en) * | 2016-02-14 | 2016-08-10 | 辽宁天安科技有限公司 | Tunnel is prevented shrink and is strutted support |
| CN209483384U (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-10-11 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of achievable three-dimensional allows the buffering stand of pressure |
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