CN109652190A - 一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方 - Google Patents

一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方 Download PDF

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CN109652190A
CN109652190A CN201811335648.9A CN201811335648A CN109652190A CN 109652190 A CN109652190 A CN 109652190A CN 201811335648 A CN201811335648 A CN 201811335648A CN 109652190 A CN109652190 A CN 109652190A
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lubricating fluid
nano particle
formula
cutting
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袁航
兰洁
铁贵鹏
申振丰
朱蓓蓓
陆波
顾庆庆
袁超
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Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure

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Abstract

一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，采用加入防锈剂的去离子水作为润滑液的主体，并用喷雾的形式进行润滑和冷却，最大限度地带走切削过程中的热量；在润滑液中加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒，并加入PH调节剂和分散剂，使纳米球状颗粒均匀悬浮在润滑液中，并被喷射到切削区域，使前刀面与切屑之间的滑动摩擦部分转变为滚动摩擦，进一步减小切削力和切削热，增加金刚石刀具寿命；所用润滑液在超声振动切削工艺下使用，超声振动切削过程中金刚石车刀周期性脱离工件表面，使得纳米颗粒更容易进入切削区域实现润滑；同时超声振动可以时纳米颗粒时刻保持分散状态而不团聚。该配方可用来减小超精密切削单晶硅材料时的刀具磨损。

Description

一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方
技术领域
本发明涉及制造领域，具体地说是一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方。
背景技术
随着光学仪器的飞速发展尤其是军用光学侦查等应用需求不断更新，基于单晶硅材料的光学元件广泛地应用于红外光学系统中，并提出了越来越高的面形精度和表面粗糙度要求，且形状由传统的球面演变为非球面甚至更复杂的自由形式曲面。
单晶硅球面透镜可以用经典抛光的方法得到，但是非球面透镜，尤其是与理想球面偏离较大的非球面难以用经典抛光的方法得到，一般诸如磁流变抛光、离子束抛光等更复杂的计算机控制组合抛光工艺实现，生产成本高、效率低。超精密车削加工方法可以快速、经济地得到非球面光学表面，但是在加工单晶硅材料时由于刀具磨损过快，较难得到光学级别的表面粗糙度，与其自身的高效率低成本冲突，限制了其在单晶硅材料上的深度应用。
本发明即针对这一问题，描述了一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，以去离子水为载体加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒、防锈剂、PH调节剂、分散剂，使纳米颗粒均匀悬浮在去离子水中，在超声振动切削工艺下，用喷雾的方式喷射到切削区域进行润滑和冷却，显著减小切削力和切削热，抑制金刚石车刀的磨损，得到高质量的单晶硅光学元件。本发明对于单晶硅光学元件在红外光学系统等中的应用起到加工技术支持作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是建立一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，以实现单晶硅材料光学元件的高面形精度、低表面粗糙度的车削加工。
本发明的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，(1)采用加入防锈剂的去离子水作为润滑液的主体，并用喷雾的形式进行润滑；(2)在润滑液中加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒、PH调节剂和分散剂，使纳米球状颗粒均匀悬浮在润滑液中；(3)所用润滑液在超声振动切削工艺下使用。
本发明采用去离子水、纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒、防锈剂、PH调节剂、分散剂混合而成，在超声振动切削工艺下使用，用喷雾的方式喷射到切削区域进行润滑和冷却，显著减小切削力和切削热，抑制金刚石车刀的磨损，得到高质量的单晶硅光学元件。
本发明的有益效果是：
1.采用特殊配方，能显著减小切削过程中的切削力和切削热，改善切削区域物理环境；
2.配合超声振动切削工艺使用，避免纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒团聚的同时使其更容易进入切削区域的刀尖处实现润滑，提升润滑和冷却效果。
具体实施方式
一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，(1)采用加入防锈剂的去离子水作为润滑液的主体，并用喷雾的形式进行润滑；(2)在润滑液中加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒、PH调节剂和分散剂，使纳米球状颗粒均匀悬浮在润滑液中；(3)所用润滑液在超声振动切削工艺下使用。
进一步，所述(1)中用水基润滑液代替常规的油基润滑液，并加入防锈剂防止车床部件生锈，同时采用喷雾的方式实现小量润滑液的高效润滑冷却作用。
进一步，所述(2)中在润滑液中加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒，并加入PH调节剂和分散剂，使纳米球状颗粒均匀悬浮在润滑液中，并被喷射到切削区域，使前刀面与切屑之间的滑动摩擦部分转变为滚动摩擦，进一步减小切削力和切削热，增加金刚石刀具寿命。
优选的，所述纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒粒径一般小于100nm，质量分数一般不超过5％。
优选的，所述纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒粒径一般小于100nm，质量分数一般不超所述PH调节剂可以是氢氧化钠或氨水，将PH值调节到9-10。
优选的，所述纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒粒径一般小于100nm，质量分数一般不超所述分散剂可以是离子型的或非离子型的，百分比一般小于1％。
进一步，所述分散剂采用六偏磷酸钠或壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
进一步，所述(3)中超声振动切削过程中金刚石车刀周期性脱离工件表面，使得纳米颗粒更容易进入切削区域实现润滑；同时超声振动可以时纳米颗粒时刻保持分散状态而不团聚。
具体实施例：一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方：
(1)将去离子水、防锈剂混合；
(2)加入一定质量百分比的纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒、分散剂，在超声振动腔内均匀分散；
(3)滴入稀释的氢氧化钠溶液或者氨水溶液，将PH值调节到9-10；
(4)采用喷雾的方式作用在超声振动车削工艺过程中。
本发明适用于红外光学系统等中应用的单晶硅光学元件的超精密车削加工，减小金刚石车刀的磨损，提升耐用度，从而实现此类硬脆光学材料的快速低成本高精度制造。

Claims (8)

1.一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，(1)采用加入防锈剂的去离子水作为润滑液的主体，并用喷雾的形式进行润滑；(2)在润滑液中加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒、PH调节剂和分散剂，使纳米球状颗粒均匀悬浮在润滑液中；(3)所用润滑液在超声振动切削工艺下使用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述(1)中用水基润滑液代替常规的油基润滑液，并加入防锈剂防止车床部件生锈，同时采用喷雾的方式实现小量润滑液的高效润滑冷却作用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述(2)中在润滑液中加入纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒，并加入PH调节剂和分散剂，使纳米球状颗粒均匀悬浮在润滑液中，并被喷射到切削区域，使前刀面与切屑之间的滑动摩擦部分转变为滚动摩擦，进一步减小切削力和切削热，增加金刚石刀具寿命。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述纳米二氧化硅球状颗粒粒径一般小于100nm，质量分数一般不超过5％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述PH调节剂可以是氢氧化钠或氨水，将PH值调节到9-10。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述分散剂可以是离子型的或非离子型的，百分比一般小于1％。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述分散剂采用六偏磷酸钠或壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方，其特征在于，所述(3)中超声振动切削过程中金刚石车刀周期性脱离工件表面，使得纳米颗粒更容易进入切削区域实现润滑；同时超声振动可以时纳米颗粒时刻保持分散状态而不团聚。
CN201811335648.9A 2018-11-11 2018-11-11 一种抑制金刚石车刀磨损的纳米颗粒润滑液的配方 Pending CN109652190A (zh)

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CN110860859A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-03-06 华中科技大学 一种抑制硅材料切削时金刚石刀具磨损的加工方法

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JP2004307570A (ja) * 2003-04-03 2004-11-04 Nichiyu Kagaku Kogyo Kk 難加工金属用の水性被覆潤滑剤組成物
CN102911606A (zh) * 2012-11-10 2013-02-06 长治虹源科技晶片技术有限公司 一种蓝宝石抛光液及配制方法
CN106635359A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2017-05-10 北京科技大学 一种含纳米SiO2的水基轧制液及其制备方法
CN107523401A (zh) * 2017-08-29 2017-12-29 浙江华友电子有限公司 金刚线切割硅片的冷却液及降低发热量的切割工艺

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110860859A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-03-06 华中科技大学 一种抑制硅材料切削时金刚石刀具磨损的加工方法

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