CN109651430A - Three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109651430A
CN109651430A CN201811562464.6A CN201811562464A CN109651430A CN 109651430 A CN109651430 A CN 109651430A CN 201811562464 A CN201811562464 A CN 201811562464A CN 109651430 A CN109651430 A CN 109651430A
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China
Prior art keywords
functionality
degree
reaction
phosphate polyalcohol
preparation
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CN201811562464.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵俊飞
李少杰
陈未
朱益林
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JIANGSU CHANGSHUN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POLYMER MATERIALS Co Ltd
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JIANGSU CHANGSHUN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POLYMER MATERIALS Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811562464.6A priority Critical patent/CN109651430A/en
Publication of CN109651430A publication Critical patent/CN109651430A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/06Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
    • C07F9/08Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
    • C07F9/09Esters of phosphoric acids
    • C07F9/091Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds with further substituents on alkyl
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/38Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/3878Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
    • C08G18/3882Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to oxygen only

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol and its preparation method and application, mainly solving phosphate flame retardant in the prior art cannot react while having flame retardant property with isocyanates, and be liquid the technical issues of.The present invention is by using a kind of new three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol fire retardant, general structure are as follows:

Description

Three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohols and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
In polyurethane industries among others, since the pretty good fire retardant of many flame retardant effects currently on the market does not all have hydroxyl or ammonia These groups that can react with isocyanates of base, apply in polyurethane foam, can passage at any time, this based flame retardant occurs Migration is even failed.Three (2- chloro isopropyl) phosphates (TCPP) etc. are as additive flame retardant in plastics, tree in the prior art The polymeric material fields such as rouge, which especially have in polyurethane foam, to be extremely widely applied, because of its preferable flame retardant property, Become the based flame retardant that polyurethane application field is reluctant to give up, but additive flame retardant is in polyurethane foam, meeting As time goes by which migration failure occur.
Chinese patent CN201510517020.0 is related to a kind of preparation method of three-(2- chloro isopropyl) phosphates, its benefit It is prepared with the propylene oxide Jing Guo dehydration with phosphorus oxychloride reaction, the low TCPP ether impurity of one kind involved in the invention The preparation method of the TCPP of content and high product yield fire retardant was added in polyurethane foam in the invention, with the time Passage, additive flame retardant TCPP occur to migrate and fail in polyurethane foam.
Summary of the invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that phosphate flame retardant cannot have anti-flammability in the prior art Can while react with isocyanates, and the technical issues of be not liquid, it is more to provide the new three-functionality-degree phosphate of one kind First alcohol.The three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol is liquid, and can react with isocyanates while has excellent resistance Fire performance.The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide the corresponding trifunctional of one of one kind and solution technical problem The preparation method of dofosfate polyalcohol.The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of and solution technical problem One of corresponding three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol purposes.
One of to solve above-mentioned technical problem, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of three-functionality-degree phosphate is more First alcohol, general structure are as follows:
Wherein m be 1~3, wherein three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol acid value be 0.0~1.0mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value be 300~ 500mgKOH/g, viscosity be 400~15000mPaS (25 DEG C), (20/25 DEG C) of specific gravity be 1.3~1.5, appearance be it is colourless extremely Light yellow transparent liquid is slightly soluble in water at 20 DEG C.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem two, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of three-functionality-degree phosphate is more The preparation method of first alcohol, comprising the following steps:
A) it ring-opening polymerization: under the protection of the gas inert with reactant, is stirred in raw material epoxychloropropane The phosphoric acid that mass concentration is more than or equal to 80% is added dropwise, the dropwise reaction time is 30~50 minutes, after dropwise reaction, and heat preservation is anti- It answers 1~2 hour, obtains reaction product I;
B) solid alkali neutralization: in reaction product I, dilution dilution agent is added, adjusts PH to 6.5~7.5 with solid base, obtains To reaction product II;
C) filtering distillation: reaction product II is filtered to remove solid base and inorganic salts, collects filtrate;By the solvent in filtrate Distillation, dehydration terminate, and being made has three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the molar ratio of epoxychloropropane and phosphoric acid is 1:3~10 in step a), is kept Reaction temperature is 40~80 DEG C, and mixing speed is 80~120 revs/min, passes through circulating water during the reaction;Step b) Middle reaction temperature is 10~50 DEG C, and speed of agitator is 80~120 revs/min;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 70~95 DEG C in step c), vacuum Degree is -0.095~-0.1MPa.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the inert gas of reaction is in nitrogen, helium or argon gas in step a) It is at least one;The mass concentration of phosphoric acid is 85~90%;Diluent in step b) is selected from methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone or tetrahydro furan At least one of mutter;Solid base is selected from least one of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem three, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol It is applied in polyurethane foamed material.
In the present invention, three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol can react with isocyanates, in polyurethane molecular chain extension While with polymerization, so that polyurethane foam has excellent flame retardant property, three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol and isocyanates It reacts, as reactive flame retardant in polyurethane foam, migration failure will not occur as time goes by, use It is 23% that the polyurethane foam that the three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol foaming prepared in the present invention is prepared, which tests its oxygen index (OI), Polyurethane foam place December after test foam oxygen index (OI) be still 23%;The three-functionality-degree phosphate prepared in the present invention is more First alcohol is liquid, and acid value 0.49mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value 464mgKOH/g, viscosity is 411mPa.S/25 DEG C, to achieve Preferable technical effect.
The present invention will be further described below by way of examples, but is not limited only to the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Material name Molecular weight (g/mol) Manufacturer
Phosphoric acid 97.99 Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.
Epoxychloropropane 92.52 Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1
1) ring-opening polymerization: under the protection of nitrogen gas, the agitation and dropping mass concentration in raw material epoxychloropropane For 85% phosphoric acid, drip reacting temperature is 40 DEG C, and the dropwise reaction time is 40 minutes, and speed of agitator is 80 revs/min, is added dropwise After reaction, insulation reaction 2 hours, insulation reaction temperature are 60 DEG C, obtain reaction product I;
2) solid alkali neutralization: in reaction product I, being added methanol dilution, adjusts PH to 7 with sodium carbonate, reaction temperature is 40 DEG C, being kept stirring revolving speed is 80 revs/min, obtains reaction product II;
3) filtering distillation: reaction product II is filtered to remove solid base and inorganic salts, collects filtrate;By the solvent in filtrate When distilling out to water content less than 0.5% (weight percent), wherein vapo(u)rizing temperature is 80 DEG C, vacuum degree are as follows: -0.095Mpa, Dehydration terminates, and three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol is made.Product index such as 2 institute of table of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol is made Show.
Embodiment 2~5
Embodiment 2 to embodiment 5 experiment according to embodiment 1 each step carry out, be uniquely distinguished as solvent type, Molar ratio and reaction time and temperature difference, are shown in Table 1.
The molar ratio of 1 each component into embodiment 5 of embodiment 1 of table
2 three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol product index of table
The typical free-rise slabstock polyurethane foam formula of table 3
Raw material It is formulated 1 (parts by weight)
4110A (Jurong Ningwu new material limited liability company) 60
Three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol 21.5
H2O 0.7
AK8805 1.5
PC8 0.8
K15 0.5
M20S 100
Table 3 lists typical free-rise slabstock polyurethane foam formula, and embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 is prepared into The three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol arrived foams according to formula 1 and prepares polyurethane foam, and the physical property of polyurethane foam is made It is shown in Table 5.
Comparative example 1
Polyurethane foam is prepared according to free-rise slabstock polyurethane foam formula typical in table 4, it is therein unique Difference is to change three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol into fire retardantTCPP。
The typical free-rise slabstock polyurethane foam formula of table 4
Table 5 foams according to formula 1 prepares the physical property of polyurethane foam
From table 4, it can be seen that placing 12 containing the polyurethane foam that three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol is prepared After month, there is no migrations for flame retardant property.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol, general structure are as follows:
Wherein m be 1~3, wherein three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol acid value be 0.0~1.0mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value be 300~ 500mgKOH/g, viscosity be 400~15000mPaS (25 DEG C), (20/25 DEG C) of specific gravity be 1.3~1.5, appearance be it is colourless extremely Light yellow transparent liquid is slightly soluble in water at 20 DEG C.
2. the preparation method of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
A) ring-opening polymerization: under the protection of the gas inert with reactant, the agitation and dropping in raw material epoxychloropropane Mass concentration is more than or equal to 80% phosphoric acid, and the dropwise reaction time is 30~50 minutes, after dropwise reaction, insulation reaction 1 ~2 hours, obtain reaction product I;
B) solid alkali neutralization: in reaction product I, dilution dilution agent is added, adjusts PH to 6.5~7.5 with solid base, obtains anti- Answer product II;
C) filtering distillation: reaction product II is filtered to remove solid base and inorganic salts, collects filtrate;Solvent in filtrate is steamed It evaporates, dehydration terminates, and being made has three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol.
3. the preparation method of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol according to claim 2, it is characterised in that phosphorus in step a) The molar ratio of acid and epoxychloropropane is 1:3~10, and keeping reaction temperature is 40~80 DEG C, and mixing speed is 80~120 revs/min Clock passes through circulating water during the reaction;In step b) reaction temperature be 10~50 DEG C, speed of agitator be 80~120 turns/ Minute;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 70~95 DEG C in step c), and vacuum degree is -0.095~-0.1MPa.
4. the preparation method of three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol according to claim 2, it is characterised in that anti-in step a) Inert gas is answered to be selected from least one of nitrogen, helium or argon gas;The mass concentration of phosphoric acid is 85~90%;Step b) In diluent be selected from least one of methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran;Solid base is selected from sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate Or at least one of potassium carbonate.
5. three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol described in claim 1 is applied in polyurethane foamed material.
CN201811562464.6A 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 Three-functionality-degree phosphate polyalcohol and its preparation method and application Pending CN109651430A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3375305A (en) * 1964-09-25 1968-03-26 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Process for self-transesterification of phosphate polyols
US3419642A (en) * 1962-05-31 1968-12-31 Union Carbide Corp Esters of phosphorus-containing acid, halogenated epoxide, and dicarboxylic acid
DD148274A1 (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-05-13 Hans Schwarz METHOD FOR INCREASINGLY INCREASING CREEPING STREAM AND FLAME RESISTANCE
CN102304146A (en) * 2011-05-18 2012-01-04 杨彦威 Phosphate with trihydroxy structure and preparation method for phosphate
CN105175736A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-23 济南大学 Preparation method and application of low-ployphosphate ester polyhydric alcohol

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3419642A (en) * 1962-05-31 1968-12-31 Union Carbide Corp Esters of phosphorus-containing acid, halogenated epoxide, and dicarboxylic acid
US3375305A (en) * 1964-09-25 1968-03-26 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Process for self-transesterification of phosphate polyols
DD148274A1 (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-05-13 Hans Schwarz METHOD FOR INCREASINGLY INCREASING CREEPING STREAM AND FLAME RESISTANCE
CN102304146A (en) * 2011-05-18 2012-01-04 杨彦威 Phosphate with trihydroxy structure and preparation method for phosphate
CN105175736A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-23 济南大学 Preparation method and application of low-ployphosphate ester polyhydric alcohol

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
罗晓民等: "《皮革理化分析》", 30 September 2013, 中国轻工业出版社 *
郭金全等: "氯羟丙基磷酸酯对软质聚氨酯泡沫阻燃机理的研究", 《高分子材料科学与工程》 *

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