CN109650923A

CN109650923A - A kind of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set

Info

Publication number: CN109650923A
Application number: CN201910063161.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏晶; 何新平
Original assignee: Beijing Zhong Ring Xinhui Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Zhong Ring Xinhui Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-23
Filing date: 2019-01-23
Publication date: 2019-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-23
Also published as: CN109650923B

Abstract

The invention belongs to steam turbine adiabatic heat-insulation fields, and in particular to a kind of nano heat insulating material, and detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set as made from it.Nano heat insulating material of the invention includes hollow ZrO₂75~80wt.% of fiber, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 10-15wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 3-6wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 2-6wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material.There is excellent resistance to compression and bending strength, and very low thermal coefficient using the set of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating made from nano heat insulating material of the invention, thus greatly improve its adiabatic heat insulating effect；And the jacket is easy to disassemble, reusable, maintains very convenient, its significantly lower use cost also extends its service life well.

Description

A kind of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set

Technical field

The invention belongs to steam turbine adiabatic heat-insulation fields, and in particular to a kind of nano heat insulating material, and as made from it Detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set.

Background technique

Steam turbine also known as steam turbine engine are the rotary power steamings that the energy of steam is converted into mechanical work Vapour power device.Its prime mover for being mainly used as power generation can also directly drive various pumps, blower, compressor and ship spiral Paddle etc.；Production and heat supply needs in life can also be met using the steam discharge of steam turbine or intermediate extraction.It is used in steam turbine During, it needs to keep the temperature to steam turbine.Currently, some power plant are not conformed to due to the attemperator structure design of turbine body Reason, thermal insulation material selection is improper, and temperature difference of the cylinder is big up and down in unit operation, and wall temperature difference is big inside and outside cylinder inside and outside wall, flange, and unit is tight It deforms again, affects unit safety operation.And it runs often at high or low temperatures and will cause a large amount of thermal energy or cooling capacity Loss, such as turbine LP rotors, when running at high temperature, often its shell is exposed to space, and a large amount of heat is caused to damage It loses, and if it is in winter or the cold place in the north is run, the loss of heat is extremely considerable, not only influences the energy of equipment Source utilization rate height, and the efficiency of equipment operation is also affected, the cost of operation is greatly increased,

Currently used heat preserving method first is that being wrapped outside steam turbine with thermal insulation materials such as mineral wool, mineral wools It wraps up in, then thermal insulation material is fixed on steam turbine casing with glass wool cloth or ribbon, finally coat again in coal tar or wrapping Iron sheet.This kind of mode is difficult to wrap up steam turbine casing thermal insulation material according to suitably sized in construction and installation, protects Gap can be generated between adiabator and steam turbine casing, be easy to cause the loss of heat, and heat insulation effect is bad；Waterproof ability is poor, Steam turbine casing is easily corroded；Can only be disposable, if must complete to remove when encountering maintenance, result in waste of resources, manually It is at high cost；Complex installation process is made troubles to construction personnel.Moreover, heat-insulating material is fixed using wire netting, Its insulation effect is poor, and is also easy to produce dust in cladding regulation, is unfavorable for operator's health.

Common heat preserving method second is that first lay the inner thermal insulating layer being for example made of alumina silicate needle punched blanket on cylinder body, then External protection is done with lime or cement plaster, due to usually requiring to be provided with expansion slot on coating material, heat insulation effect and outer It sees bad and not easy to overhaul.It is kept the temperature using this method, needs completely to destroy protective layer and insulating layer in overhaul of steam turbine It could remove, to generate a large amount of waste, cause the serious pollution of very big waste and environment, while also determining it only It is limited to disposable, higher operating costs.

A kind of Special thermal insulation layer structure of turbine as disclosed in Chinese patent CN201043478 Y, it is outside steam turbine Shell surface is coated at least one layer of inner thermal insulating layer, and the inner thermal insulating layer is coated with one layer and is made of stainless steel plate or glass reinforced plastic External protection；The inner thermal insulating layer is made of several detachable heat-insulating cotton blankets, and each piece of insulation cotton blanket is at least by thermal insulating material Material and connector are constituted, and external protection block-shape shell made of stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic is spliced, the inside holding Layer can also be using integral heat insulation layer, insulating layer external application steel band or iron made of at least one of aluminium silicate wool, rock wool, mineral wool Silk, which is securely tied up, to be linked to be.Although the patent partly solves some technical problems when the heat preservation of existing steam turbine, but its outer guarantor Sheath is relatively complicated when being the installation of block-shape shell made of stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, removing, and makes troubles to construction；It is being constructed When be easily damaged, can not utilize, result in waste of resources again；In the more environment of high temperature, steam, apt to deteriorate, corrosion, drop Low security performance.

A kind of turbine flexible heat insulating cover as disclosed in Chinese patent CN2791263 Y, it is by according to steam turbine shape institute Multiple heat insulating blocks of design splice composition, and the heat insulating block is three layers: its liner, protective layer use high temperature resistant composite coating fiber Cloth, insulating layer use high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation material, are fixed on the protection layer with high temperature resistant rivet, surrounding high temperature resistant sewer； With adjustable high temperature resistant rope or high-temperature fibre band connection between each heat insulating block.Although the patent partly solves existing There are some technical problems when steam turbine heat preservation, but since its fixed form uses insulating layer to be fixed on guarantor with high temperature resistant rivet On sheath, so that insulating layer is bonded not close with steam turbine, heat insulation effect is unsatisfactory；And it is needed more not when assembling and disassembling Just, it is easily destroyed protective layer or insulating layer, leads to not reproducible utilization.

A kind of steam turbine heat insulation layer structure as disclosed in Chinese patent CN202690147 U, including at least one layer are coated on The insulating layer on steam turbine casing surface, the insulating layer outer surface are also enclosed with outer protection made of a layer nano composite material Layer, external protection protection block made of muti-piece nanocomposite are mutually spliced.The patent is kept the temperature using muti-piece Block is spliced to form integral heat insulation layer, compares conventional method, is obviously improved, but still deposits with the dimensional fits aspect on steam turbine surface Seam is more, installation is complicated, integral strength is poor, the higher problem of external skin temperatures.

A kind of steam turbine shell heat preserving method and thermal insulation barn as disclosed in Chinese patent CN1888398 A, heat preservation Method is: first according to the surface shape of cylinder baffle and a certain number of block insulation blankets of big little makings, by one piece of block insulation blanket Place mat constitutes at least two layers of insulating layer on the surface of steam turbine casing；The formation of the insulating layer is: first outside steam turbine One layer of insulating layer being spliced by block insulation blanket of shell area mat, then splice one layer on it by identical or different bulk The insulating layer that insulation blanket is constituted, and when splicing upper thermal-insulation layer, upper one piece of insulation blanket is covered in lower layer's insulating layer by two pieces The connection gap formed between insulation blanket, upper and lower level form wrong folded shape.It is used although thermal insulation barn provided by the document has At low cost, easy to assembly, dismounting is quick, reusable advantage, still, insulation blanket by conventional thermal insulation material, such as Alumina silicate, rock wool or mineral wool add stainless steel outer packed silk cloth or high temperature resistant alumina silicate fibre cloth to constitute, and lead to its guarantor on the whole Warm insulation effect is unsatisfactory.

A kind of steam turbine muff as disclosed in Chinese patent CN204371431 U, structure include muff main body, It is characterized in, a thermal insulation cavity is equipped in the muff main body, is equipped with several hollow spheres in the thermal insulating cavity body；It is described Thermal insulation cavity above be successively arranged spongy layer, froth bed and iron sheet layer；Fiber cloth is successively arranged below the thermal insulation cavity Layer, high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer and refractory coating.Although the advantage that the muff of the document has structure simple, easy to use, For generally, thermal and insulating performance is ideal not enough.

A kind of turbine body detachable heat-insulating device as disclosed in Chinese patent CN204312145 U, including fastening spiral shell Mother, pressing article, fixed bolt, flange bolt, flange nut, center-line joint, cylinder and flange, it is characterised in that: further include smearing Surface layer, expansion joint, internal layer reinforcing mat, middle layer reinforcing mat, aluminium silicate wool, inner thermal insulating layer, intermediate insulating layer and outer heat insulation layer；Institute It states outer heat insulation layer, intermediate insulating layer and inner thermal insulating layer and stacks gradually arrangement, the inner thermal insulating layer inner wall and institute from outside to inside respectively State cylinder and flange contact；It is coated with the float coat in the outer heat insulation layer outer wall, several institutes are provided in the outer heat insulation layer State expansion joint；The fixed bolt, the fixed bolt are installed between the outer heat insulation layer, intermediate insulating layer and inner thermal insulating layer Fixation is tightened through the outer heat insulation layer, intermediate insulating layer and inner thermal insulating layer, and by the pressing article and the fastening nut； Two flange bolts are respectively symmetrically installed at left and right sides of the flange, and are tightened by the flange nut to guarantee method Blue close installation wraps up one layer of aluminium silicate wool in the outside of the flange bolt.Although the document reduces to a certain extent Turbine body each section temperature difference prevents turbine body from generating excessive thermal stress, so that steam turbine being capable of long-term safety Operation.But structure is complicated for the attemperator of the document, difficulty of construction is larger, substantially increases production cost；And it is protected Warm insulation effect is still not ideal enough.

In summary, it existing steam turbine jacket or deposits inconvenient in use, is easily damaged steam turbine casing, influences , especially for jacket that is non-disconnectable or cannot reusing, often there is the dimension of equipment in the problem of equipment operates normally It is inconvenient to repair maintenance, the very high problem of use cost, although it is detachable, using relatively convenient, actual insulation Heat insulation effect is still not ideal enough, thus the problem of reducing its service life.

Summary of the invention

For this purpose, technical problems to be solved in this application are how to provide a kind of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set, The jacket has very low thermal coefficient and excellent resistance to compression bending strength, thus greatly improves its adiabatic heat-insulation effect Fruit, and can effectively maintain the high-efficiency operation of steam turbine；And the jacket is easy to disassemble, reusable, maintenance Very convenient, its significantly lower use cost also extends its service life well.

In order to solve the above technical problems, present inventor is by the research conscientiously with effort, it was found that one kind has The nano heat insulating material of synergistic function prepares detachable steamer by using the nano heat insulating material with specific composition Machine nano-thermal-insulating set, the thermal coefficient that can have both greatly reduced existing steam turbine jacket is higher, and adiabatic heat insulating effect is poor The problem of, and it is avoided that existing steam turbine jacket installation or removal are inconvenient, it is easily damaged steam turbine casing, is influencing equipment just Often thus operation, the excessively high problem of use cost have well solved the above technical problem.

The technical solution of the application is as follows: on the one hand, this application discloses a kind of nano heat insulating material, it includes:

The weight percentage of each component is on the basis of the heavy amount of nano heat insulating material.

Hollow ZrO described herein₂Fiber content is preferably 76.5-78.5wt.%, more preferably 77.2- 77.8wt.% parts, most preferably 77.6wt.%.

Hollow ZrO described herein₂Fiber can be prepared by methods known in the art, such as first by raw material zirconium Salt is mixed with stabilizer (such as yttrium nitrate), is then dissolved in ethanol water and is configured to precursor liquid, then by template (such as Flos Imperatae fiber, silk, cotton, kapok etc.) it is immersed in precursor liquid, the template fiber after taking out dipping, extract, dry, Roasting.

Hollow Al described herein₂O₃Nanosphere content is preferably 11.5-14.5wt.%, more preferably 12.5- 14.0wt.% parts, most preferably 13.5wt.%.

Hollow Al described herein₂O₃Nanosphere, partial size are preferably 40-130nm；More preferably by according to following ratio Different-grain diameter nano particle constitute, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1-2:2-3:1-2 (weight Than), more preferably > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.5:1.5 (weight ratio).Utilize the hollow of different-grain diameter Al₂O₃Nanosphere can form more fine and close interstitital texture, constitute the vacuum wall being combined by a large amount of vacuum chambers, such knot Structure can effectively prevent heat transfer, cooperate with hollow ZrO₂The ingredients such as fiber improve the adiabatic heat-insulation of nano heat insulating material together Energy.

Hollow Al described herein₂O₃Methods known in the art can be used to prepare in nanosphere, such as The preparation method recorded in CN108585842 A.

Nano-titanium aluminic acid calcium content described herein is preferably 3.5-5.5wt.%, more preferably 4.0-5.0wt.% Part, most preferably 4.3wt.%.

The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate described herein is preferably 50-120nm, more preferably 70-90nm.

Nano-titanium calcium aluminate described herein can be made with titanium calcium aluminate raw material through ultra fine, preferably in fine Before processing, the titanium that removes for first carrying out removing titanium dioxide to titanium calcium aluminate raw material is handled, and thus can increase has in titanium calcium aluminate The CA of lamellar crystalline form₆Phase content.Due to the CA with lamellar crystalline form₆Object mutually has extremely low thermal coefficient, to help In the thermal coefficient for reducing nano heat insulating material, its adiabatic heat insulating effect is correspondingly improved.

Nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate content described herein is preferably 2.5-5.5wt.%, more preferably 3.5-5.0wt.% parts, most preferably 4.6wt.%.

In nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate described herein, nano-ZnO content is 1-3wt.%, with nano-ZnO On the basis of the weight for coating crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate.

Nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate described herein can be prepared by methods known in the art, such as Inorganic coating is carried out to crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate using nonhomogen-ous nucleation method, using ethyl acetate in Na₂Zn(OH)₄It is hydrolyzed in solution The presoma of hydroxide cladding whisker is obtained, then nano-ZnO is obtained by calcining and coats whisker.

On the other hand, disclosed herein as well is a kind of preparation method of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set, including it is as follows Step:

1) first by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 0.5-1.5mm, then by hollow ZrO₂It is fiber, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere, nano-titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate crystalline substance are uniformly mixed according to previously described ratio；

2) suitable deionized water and optional pH adjusting agent are added in the composition that step 1) obtains, is formed and is suspended Liquid；

3) the obtained suspension of step 2) is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, filters pressing at Type；

4) by the obtained moulding prefabricated part of step 3), drying to constant weight；

5) prefabricated component after drying is sintered, is then cooled to room temperature；

6) forming and sintering part made from step 5) is spliced into steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set in steam turbine surface in situ.

The solid content of suspension is preferably 50-75wt.% in the step 2), more preferably 60-65wt.%, most preferably For 62wt.%.

Acid, such as inorganic acid are preferably added in the step 2), preferably hydrochloric acid, nitric acid etc. is used as pH adjusting agent；Suspension PH value be preferably adjusted to 5.5-6.5, more preferable 6.0.

Pressure in the step 3) when pressure filtration molding is 0.1-0.6MPa, preferably 0.2-0.4MPa, more preferably 0.25MPa。

Drying temperature in the step 4) is 30-90 DEG C, preferably 50-70 DEG C, more preferably 65 DEG C.

Drying time in the step 4) is 2-10h, preferably 5-7h, more preferably 6h.

The drying of the step 4) can carry out in common drying equipment in the art, such as baking oven.

In the step 5), it is first warming up to 750-950 DEG C, preferably 800-900 DEG C；Keep the temperature 0.5-2.5h, preferably 1-2h；So After be warming up to 1200-1350 DEG C, preferably 1250-1300 DEG C；Keep the temperature 1.0-3.0h, preferably 1.5-2.5h；Heating rate is 6-12 DEG C/min, preferably 8-11 DEG C/mi.

Each forming and sintering part can be fixedly connected by lock, buckle or belt connection buckle in the step 6).

On the other hand, it is exhausted using detachable steam turbine nanometer obtained by aforementioned preparation process that disclosed herein as well is a kind of Hot jacket.

The application has the beneficial effect that

1, the application is by using the nano heat insulating material with specific composition, find its with synergistic function, with Existing steam turbine is compared with heat-insulating material, and detachable turbine nano-thermal-insulating set, which is made, by the nano heat insulating material has Significantly lower thermal coefficient, therefore greatly improve its adiabatic heat insulating effect.

2, the detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set of the application also has excellent other than with lower thermal coefficient Compression strength and bending strength, thus make it that can not only prevent the additional heat transfer damage of all components of steam turbine outwardly It loses, and can play the role of avoiding radiant heat transfer and protection components of steam turbine, can ensure the secure persistent fortune of steam-turbine unit Row, detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set can be avoided the dust generated due to steam turbine motion oscillations, guarantee steamer captain Phase safe operation, easy to use, cost is relatively low, has the value of popularization and application.

3, the detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set of the application can spell on the spot forming and sintering part obtained on steam turbine It is connected into jacket entirety, different moldings can be tailored according to the different temperature subregion of steam turbine and different shapes Prefabricated component, thus there is very strong adaptability, the steam turbine of different size, different sizes can be well matched with.

4, primary raw material used herein --- ZrO₂Fiber, Al₂O₃Nanosphere, titanium calcium aluminate etc. not only abundance and It is low in cost, and simple production process, thus greatly reduce production cost.

5, the application is by introducing hollow ZrO₂Fiber had both remained excellent ambient temperature mechanical properties of zirconia material, resistance to High temperature, corrosion resistance；Hollow structure is made further through by Zirconium oxide fibre, makes its insulation capacity in the base of solid fibre It is largely increased on plinth.

6, the application passes through in hollow ZrO₂Hollow Al is further introduced into fiber₂O₃Nanosphere, so that hollow Al₂O₃Nanometer Ball plays the role of reinforcing material to a certain extent, hence improves hollow ZrO₂The mechanical strength of fiber, at the same it is hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere can also be effectively sealing off hollow ZrO₂The both ends of fiber make its hollow structure become obturator, thus effectively Ground reduces the thermal coefficient of nano heat insulating material, to greatly improve final detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set obtained Insulation capacity.

Other advantage will be partly show in the following description, and can be partly able to by specific embodiment Understand.Especially by point out in the dependent claims Chemical composition that, method and combinations thereof, will realize and obtain down State advantage.It should be appreciated that general description and detailed description below above is merely exemplary and illustrative, rather than It is restrictive.

Complementary definition

Material, compound, composition and component described herein, can be used for method and composition described herein, Or it can be in connection or the production that can be used for implementing the method and prepare the composition or obtained as the method Product.It should be appreciated that when disclosing combination, subset, the group etc. of these materials, although these clearly may not specifically be referred to Each of compound and collective combinations and arrangement, but specifically consider in this application and describe each of these. For example, if open and discuss and extract adjuvant component, and a variety of alternative solid-state forms of the component are discussed, then unless in the presence of Otherwise specific opposite instruction specifically considers possible each combination for referring to adjuvant component and solid-state form and row Column.The concept is suitable for all aspects of the application, including but not limited in the method for making and using disclosed composition In step.Therefore, if there is the multiple other steps that can be executed, then it should be appreciated that these other steps it is every One can be executed by the combination of any specific embodiment or multiple embodiments of disclosed method, and specific Each such combination is considered, they should be considered as disclosing.

In claims in this specification and its later, refer to many terms, they should be defined as with Lower meaning:

It must be noted that unless context is in addition clearly stipulate that otherwise such as institute in this specification and appended claims Not only may include a referring to thing with, singular " one ", "/kind " and " should/described ", but may include multiple referring to thing (i.e. Two or more, including two).Thus, for example, refer to " fire retardant " may include single fire retardant or two or more The mixture, etc. of kind fire retardant.

" optional " or " optionally " mean that the event then described or situation can occur or will not occur, and the description Including the wherein event or the situation happened and the situation not occurred.For example, phrase " is added optional pH value to adjust Agent " means that pH adjusting agent can be added or be added without, and the description includes that pH adjusting agent is not added and wherein joined Both situations of pH adjusting agent.

Unless otherwise specified, the numerical point or numberical range in the application, which are all construed as front, to be had and " about " repairs Decorations, i.e., its be and therefore may include the value outside the range about.The numberical range can in this application directly It is expressed as from a particular value to another particular value, or is expressed as that another is specific from " about " particular value to " about " Value.It on the other hand include from one particular value and/or to another particular value when stating such numberical range. Similarly, some numerical point both can be stated directly with number, can also be expressed as the numerical point by using antecedent " about " Approximation.It is also understood that the endpoint of each in numberical range is important simultaneously solely in the relationship with another endpoint Stand on another endpoint.

The parts by weight of element-specific or component in composition or product are referred in specification and last claims Refer to the weight relationships stated in composition or product between the element or component and any other element or component with parts by weight. Therefore, in the composition comprising 2 parts by weight of component X and 5 parts by weight of component Y, X and Y exist with the weight ratio of 2:5, and nothing It whether include that other component exists with the ratio by composition.

Unless specifically stated to the contrary meanings, ways customary is dark or in context or technical field based on context Show, all scores and percentage otherwise referred in the application are by weight, and the weight percent of component be based on comprising The composition of the component or the total weight of product.

"comprising", " comprising ", " having " and the similar terms referred in the application are not intended to exclude any optional group Divide, the presence of step or program, regardless of whether specifically disclosing any optional component, step or program.It is doubted in order to avoid any It asks, unless may include otherwise one or more volumes by using all methods that term "comprising" requires there are state otherwise Outer step, equipment part or component part and/or substance.In contrast, term " by ... form " exclude be not specifically delineated Or any component, step or the program enumerated.Unless otherwise stated, otherwise term "or" refers to individually and with any combination shape The member that formula is enumerated.

In addition, the side that the content of any referenced patent document or non-patent literature is all quoted in its entirety in the application Formula is incorporated herein, especially with respect to disclosed in fields definition (any definition not provided specifically with the application not Under unanimous circumstances) and common sense.

Specific embodiment

Iing is proposed the following example is to provide how to be made and evaluate the application institute to those skilled in the art Entire disclosure and the description of compound state and claimed, composition, product, device and/or method, And it is intended only to be illustrative, is not intended to be limiting the range that inventor is considered as its invention.Effort has been made to ensure About the accuracy of digital (such as amount, temperature etc.), but it is contemplated that some errors and deviation.Unless otherwise specified, no Then number is parts by weight, and temperature is DEG C to indicate or under environment temperature, and pressure is atmospheric pressure or close to atmospheric pressure. There are reaction condition (such as concentration of component, required solvent, solvent mixture, temperature, pressure and other reaction ranges) and It can be used for optimizing a variety of variations and combination of the condition of the product purity and yield that obtain by the method.It will only need Reasonable routine experiment optimizes such method condition.

Embodiment 1:

A kind of nano heat insulating material a, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 75wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 13wt.%, receives Rice titanium calcium aluminate 6wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 6wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material a.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 80-120nm；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 50nm；Described receives In rice ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 1wt.%, and the weight with nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate is Benchmark.

The process for preparing detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set A using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material a is as follows:

First by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 0.5mm, then by itself and hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere is received Rice titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are brilliant, and ratio in a mixer as described above is uniformly mixed；Then exist Deionized water is added in mixer, is agitated to form the suspension that solid content is 50wt.%.

Then the suspension is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding, is formed When pressure be 0.1MPa；Then obtained moulding prefabricated part is dried to 10 hours at 30 DEG C to constant weight；After drying again Prefabricated component be sintered, wherein be first warming up to 750 DEG C, keep the temperature 2.5h, then heat to 1200 DEG C, keep the temperature 3.0h, heating speed Rate is 6 DEG C/min, is then cooled to room temperature；Finally, aforementioned forming and sintering part obtained is spelled on steam turbine surface by buckle It is connected into steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set A.

Embodiment 2

A kind of nano heat insulating material b, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 80wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 15wt.%, receives Rice titanium calcium aluminate 3wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 2wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material b.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-80nm；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 120nm；Described receives In rice ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 3wt.%, and the weight with nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate is Benchmark.

The process for preparing detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set B using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material b is as follows:

First by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 1.5mm, then by itself and hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere is received Rice titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are brilliant, and ratio in a mixer as described above is uniformly mixed；Then exist Deionized water and pH adjusting agent-hydrochloric acid are added in mixer, being agitated to form pH value is 5.5, and solid content is 75wt.%'s Suspension.

Then the suspension is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding, is formed When pressure be 0.6MPa；Then obtained moulding prefabricated part is dried to 2 hours at 90 DEG C to constant weight；It again will be after drying Prefabricated component is sintered, wherein is first warming up to 950 DEG C, is kept the temperature 0.5h, then heat to 1350 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1.0h, heating rate For 12 DEG C/min, then cool to room temperature；Finally, aforementioned forming and sintering part obtained is passed through lock splicing on steam turbine surface B is covered at steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating.

Embodiment 3

A kind of nano heat insulating material c, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 76.5wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 14.5wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 5.5wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 3.5wt.%, with nano heat insulating material On the basis of the total weight of c.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2:1 (weight ratio)；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 70nm；In the nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 1.5wt.%, coats six titaniums with nano-ZnO On the basis of the weight of sour potassium whisker.

The process for preparing detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set C using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material c is as follows:

First by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 0.8mm, then by itself and hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere is received Rice titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are brilliant, and ratio in a mixer as described above is uniformly mixed；Then exist Deionized water and pH adjusting agent-nitric acid are added in mixer, being agitated to form pH value is 6.5, and solid content is 60wt.%'s Suspension.

Then the suspension is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding, is formed When pressure be 0.2MPa；Then obtained moulding prefabricated part is dried to 7 hours at 50 DEG C to constant weight；It again will be after drying Prefabricated component is sintered, wherein is first warming up to 800 DEG C, is kept the temperature 2h, then heat to 1250 DEG C, keep the temperature 2.5h, heating rate is It 8 DEG C/min, then cools to room temperature；Finally, aforementioned forming and sintering part obtained is spliced on steam turbine surface by lock Steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating covers C.

Embodiment 4

A kind of nano heat insulating material d, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 78.5wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 11.5wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 5.0wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 5.0wt.%, with nano heat insulating material On the basis of the total weight of d.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2:2 (weight ratio)；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 90nm；In the nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 2.2wt.%, coats six titaniums with nano-ZnO On the basis of the weight of sour potassium whisker.

The process for preparing detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set D using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material d is as follows:

First by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 1.2mm, then by itself and hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere is received Rice titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are brilliant, and ratio in a mixer as described above is uniformly mixed；Then exist Deionized water and pH adjusting agent-sulfuric acid are added in mixer, being agitated to form pH value is 6.2, and solid content is 65wt.%'s Suspension.

Then the suspension is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding, is formed When pressure be 0.4MPa；Then obtained moulding prefabricated part is dried to 5 hours at 70 DEG C to constant weight；It again will be after drying Prefabricated component is sintered, wherein is first warming up to 900 DEG C, is kept the temperature 1h, then heat to 1300 DEG C, keep the temperature 1.5h, heating rate is It 11 DEG C/min, then cools to room temperature；Finally, aforementioned forming and sintering part obtained is spliced on steam turbine surface by buckle Steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating covers D.

Embodiment 5

A kind of nano heat insulating material e, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.2wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 14.0wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 4.0wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 4.8wt.%, with nano heat insulating material On the basis of the total weight of e.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1.5:2:1.5 (weight ratio)；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 80nm；In the nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 2.8wt.%, coats six titaniums with nano-ZnO On the basis of the weight of sour potassium whisker.

The process for preparing detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set E using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material e is as follows:

First by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 1.0mm, then by itself and hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere is received Rice titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are brilliant, and ratio in a mixer as described above is uniformly mixed；Then exist Deionized water and pH adjusting agent-sulfuric acid are added in mixer, being agitated to form pH value is 6.3, and solid content is 63wt.%'s Suspension.

Then the suspension is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding, is formed When pressure be 0.3MPa；Then obtained moulding prefabricated part is dried to 6 hours at 65 DEG C to constant weight；It again will be after drying Prefabricated component is sintered, wherein is first warming up to 850 DEG C, is kept the temperature 1.5h, then heat to 1275 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2.0h, heating rate For 10 DEG C/min, then cool to room temperature；Finally, aforementioned forming and sintering part obtained is connected on steam turbine surface by belt Button is spliced into steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set E.

Embodiment 6

A kind of nano heat insulating material f, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.8wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 12.5wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 5.0wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 4.7wt.%, with nano heat insulating material On the basis of the total weight of f.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.0:1.5 (weight ratio)；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 85nm；In the nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 1.8wt.%, coats six titaniums with nano-ZnO On the basis of the weight of sour potassium whisker.

The process for preparing detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set F using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material f is as follows:

First by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 1.1mm, then by itself and hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere is received Rice titanium calcium aluminate and nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are brilliant, and ratio in a mixer as described above is uniformly mixed；Then exist Deionized water and pH adjusting agent-hydrochloric acid are added in mixer, being agitated to form pH value is 6.0, and solid content is 62wt.%'s Suspension.

Then the suspension is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding, is formed When pressure be 0.25MPa；Then obtained moulding prefabricated part is dried to 6 hours at 65 DEG C to constant weight；After drying again Prefabricated component be sintered, wherein be first warming up to 850 DEG C, keep the temperature 1.5h, then heat to 1275 DEG C, keep the temperature 2.0h, heating speed Rate is 10 DEG C/min, is then cooled to room temperature；Finally, aforementioned forming and sintering part obtained is spelled on steam turbine surface by lock It is connected into steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set F.

Embodiment 7

A kind of nano heat insulating material g, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.6wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 13.5wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 4.3wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 4.6wt.%, with nano heat insulating material On the basis of the total weight of g.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.5:1.5 (weight ratio)；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 85nm；In the nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO content is 1.8wt.%, coats six titaniums with nano-ZnO On the basis of the weight of sour potassium whisker.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set G is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material g Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Embodiment 8

A kind of nano heat insulating material h, composition is essentially identical with nano heat insulating material g, and difference is only that: constituting hollow Al₂O₃The particle diameter distribution of the nano particle of nanosphere is > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.5:1.0 (weight Than).

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set H is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material h Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Embodiment 9

Detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set I, system are directly prepared using nano heat insulating material g described in embodiment 7 The preparation process of standby process and embodiment 4 is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 1

A kind of nano heat insulating material j, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.6wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 33.4wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material j.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.5:1.5 (weight ratio).

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set J is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material j Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 2

A kind of nano heat insulating material k, by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is constituted.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set K is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material k Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 3

A kind of nano heat insulating material l, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.6wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 13.5wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 8.9wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material l.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.5:1.5 (weight ratio)；The partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 85nm。

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set L is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material l Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 4

A kind of nano heat insulating material m, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.6wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 13.5wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 8.9wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material m.

Wherein, hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is 40-130nm, and the nano particle of the different-grain diameter by following ratio It constitutes, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1:2.5:1.5 (weight ratio)；The nano-ZnO cladding six In potassium titanate crystal whisker, nano-ZnO content is 1.8wt.%, on the basis of the weight of nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set M is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material m Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 5

A kind of nano heat insulating material n, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.6wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 4.3wt.%, receives Rice ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 18.1wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material n.

Wherein, the partial size of nano-titanium calcium aluminate is 85nm；In the nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate, nano-ZnO Content is 1.8wt.%, on the basis of the weight of nano-ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set N is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material n Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 6

A kind of nano heat insulating material o, it includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 77.6wt.%, nano-titanium calcium aluminate 17.8wt.%, Nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 4.6wt.%, on the basis of the total weight of nano heat insulating material o.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set O is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material o Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 7

A kind of nano heat insulating material p, composition is essentially identical with the nano heat insulating material g of embodiment 7, and difference is only that: It includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 74.0wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 17.1wt.%.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set P is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material p Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 8

A kind of nano heat insulating material q, composition is essentially identical with the nano heat insulating material g of embodiment 7, and difference is only that: It includes hollow ZrO₂Fiber 81.0wt.%, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere 10.1wt.%.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set Q is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material q Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 9

A kind of nano heat insulating material r, composition is essentially identical with the nano heat insulating material g of embodiment 7, and difference is only that: It includes nano-titanium calcium aluminate 2.8wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 6.1wt.%,.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set R is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material r Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Comparative example 10

A kind of nano heat insulating material s, composition is essentially identical with the nano heat insulating material g of embodiment 7, and difference is only that: It includes nano-titanium calcium aluminate 2.2wt.%, nano-ZnO coats crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 6.7wt.%,.

The preparation of the process and embodiment 6 of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set S is prepared using above-mentioned nano heat insulating material s Process is essentially identical, and difference is only that nano heat insulating material used is different.

Performance test and test result

Detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating prepared by nano heat insulating material to embodiment 1-89, comparative example 1-10 respectively The performance of A-S is covered, if compression strength, bending resistance and thermal coefficient are tested, test result is as shown in table 1.

Table 1- performance test data

From the point of view of the test result of table 1, the nanometer only using the application specific composition (i.e. component and content proportion) is exhausted Hot material could obtain the detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set that compression strength and bending strength are high, thermal coefficient is low, it is described can Disassembly steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set insulation capacity is excellent, long service life, convenient disassembly, can repeatedly use, thus The production cost and use cost of steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set are greatly reduced, and is packed into using the steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating The energy consumption generated when row adiabatic heat-insulation；And by making Turbine Safety effectively maintain higher operational efficiency, and significantly Extend the service life of steam turbine.

Wherein, especially the test result of embodiment 7 and comparative example 1-6 are compared, it can be seen that the application is by receiving What the composition and content of rice heat-insulating material matched gropes and improves, and combines in particular by by specific component with content proportion And the nano heat insulating material with specific composition is formed, so that the items including compression strength, bending strength, thermal coefficient Performance obtains raising beyond expectation, between each component for thus also further showing the nano heat insulating material of the application Produce synergistic effect, the either hollow ZrO of the same parts by weight of single use₂Fiber, or only with hollow ZrO₂Fiber is in Empty Al₂O₃The combination of both nanospheres or hollow ZrO₂Fiber, hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere, with nano-titanium calcium aluminate or nanometer The combination of ZnO cladding crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate three can not generate similar technical effect.

And by embodiment compared with comparative example 7-10, it can be shown that the nano-thermal-insulating only using the application certain content proportion Material could obtain the synthesis improvement of aforementioned properties, and the content of any component can not in range defined herein Performance appearance is caused significantly to deteriorate.

By embodiment 7 compared with embodiment 8 and 9, it can be shown that in the nano heat insulating material using the application specific composition Under situation, the application is also to hollow Al₂O₃The particle diameter distribution of nanosphere, and prepared detachably using the nano heat insulating material The process conditions of steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set have carried out beneficial exploration, and then have been found that using specific grain described herein The hollow Al of diameter distribution₂O₃Nanosphere and specific process conditions, can make aforementioned properties occur it is further, exceed it is pre- The improvement of material.

In text of the statement, various publications are referred to.Disclosures of these publications full text is accordingly with reference side During formula is incorporated herein, so that compound, composition and method described herein is described more fully with.

Various modifications and change can be made to compound described herein, composition and method.In view of specification and The practice of compound, composition and method disclosed in the present application, compound described herein, composition and method it is other Aspect will be evident.Specification and example are intended to be considered as illustrative.

Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of nano heat insulating material, it includes:

On the basis of the heavy amount of nano heat insulating material.

2. nano heat insulating material according to claim 1, the hollow ZrO₂Fiber content is preferably 76.5- 78.5wt.%, more preferably 77.2-77.8wt.% part, most preferably 77.6wt.%.

3. nano heat insulating material according to claim 1, the hollow Al₂O₃Nanosphere content is preferably 11.5- 14.5wt.%, more preferably 12.5-14.0wt.% part, most preferably 13.5wt.%.

4. nano heat insulating material according to claim 1, the hollow Al₂O₃The partial size of nanosphere is preferably 40- 130nm；It is made of the particle of different-grain diameter, wherein > 100-130nm: > 70-100nm:40-70nm=1-2:2-3:1-2 (weight Amount ratio).

5. nano heat insulating material according to claim 1, the nano-titanium aluminic acid calcium content is preferably 3.5- 5.5wt.%, more preferably 4.0-5.0wt.% part, most preferably 4.3wt.%.

6. a kind of preparation method of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set, includes the following steps:

1) first by hollow ZrO₂Fiber is uniformly chopped into the staple fiber of 0.5-1.5mm, then by hollow ZrO₂Fiber, hollow Al₂O₃ Nanosphere, nano-titanium calcium aluminate and the brilliant ratio described in accordance with the claim 1 of nano-ZnO cladding potassium hexatitanate are uniformly mixed；

2) suitable deionized water and optional pH adjusting agent are added in the composition that step 1) obtains, forms suspension；

3) the obtained suspension of step 2) is slowly injected into the molding die corresponding to each component of steam turbine, pressure filtration molding；

7. the preparation method of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set according to claim 6, suspension in the step 2) Solid content be preferably 50-75wt.%, more preferably 60-65wt.%, most preferably 62wt.%.

The drying 8. preparation method of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set according to claim 6, in the step 4) Temperature is 30-90 DEG C, preferably 50-70 DEG C, more preferably 65 DEG C；Drying time is 2-10h, preferably 5-7h, more preferably 6h。

9. the preparation method of detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set according to claim 6, in the step 5), first heat up To 750-950 DEG C, 0.5-2.5h being kept the temperature, then heats to 1200-1350 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1.0-3.0h, heating rate is 6-12 DEG C/ min。

10. detachable steam turbine nano-thermal-insulating set obtained by a kind of described in any item preparation methods of claim 6-9.