CN1096495C - 用作馏分燃料的热稳定性添加剂的磷酸化和/或硼化分散剂 - Google Patents
用作馏分燃料的热稳定性添加剂的磷酸化和/或硼化分散剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1096495C CN1096495C CN98117420A CN98117420A CN1096495C CN 1096495 C CN1096495 C CN 1096495C CN 98117420 A CN98117420 A CN 98117420A CN 98117420 A CN98117420 A CN 98117420A CN 1096495 C CN1096495 C CN 1096495C
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- fuel
- ashless dispersant
- composition
- engine
- boronation
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- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
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- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及用作馏分燃料的热稳定生添加剂的磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂和含有所说的分散剂的燃料组合物，所说的馏分燃料例如喷气燃料和柴油。
Description
本发明涉及磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂，其用作馏分燃料的热稳定添加剂。馏分燃料受到热应力的作用，往往导致在燃料和排气系统中形成大量的沉积。因此特别需要(同时也是本发明的目的)减少在热应力作用的馏分燃料，例如喷气燃料和柴油中产生沉积物。该目的是通过配制含有磷酸化和/或硼化分散剂的馏分燃料组合物来达到，其中磷酸化和/或硼化分散剂是以下i)和ii)的反应产物：i)至少一种磷化合物和/或硼化合物，ii)至少一种无灰分散剂。
在本发明范围内的磷酸化、硼化分散剂是已知的，其公开在US4,857,214(Papay等人)中用作润滑剂的抗磨添加剂。该US4,857,214专利没有公开这些分散剂可用于燃料组合物或建议这些添加剂能有效地减少热应力作用的馏分燃料中产生的沉积。更具体地说，US 4,857,214专利不涉及燃料组合物或教导在馏分燃料中使用磷酸化、硼化分散剂。
US 5,505,868(Ryan等人)公开了通过将无灰分散剂与至少一种二元酰化试剂、磷化合物和硼化合物反应形成的分散剂。该US5,505,868还提示了该分散剂可用作含烃燃料的清净剂或沉积物降低剂。
在US 5,139,643(Roling等)中公开了聚烯烃琥珀酰亚胺的磷衍生物用作液态含烃介质例如原油的防垢剂。该文献没有讲授在馏分燃料组合物中使用磷酸化的聚烯烃琥珀酰亚胺。
US 4,855,074(Papay等人)公开了由长链琥珀酰亚胺与任选地硼化的苯并三唑形成的产物。这些产物是在胺或有机磷化合物存在下，通过反应形成的。其中提到了在燃料中使用这些分散剂。
欧洲专利0,678,568公开了减少在喷气式发动机中形成积垢沉积物的方法和组合物。该方法使用硫代膦酸的衍生物加入涡轮机燃烧燃料中。
本发明的一个目的是提供含有磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂的馏分燃料组合物，其中磷酸化和/或硼化分散剂是以下i)和ii)的反应产物：i)至少一种磷化合物和/或硼化合物，ii)至少一种无灰分散剂。
另外，本发明一个目的是提供对减少燃料和排气系统中形成沉积具有明显改善的馏分燃料组合物。
馏分燃料由于受到热应力的作用，往往导致形成大量的沉积。本发明的分散剂的作用是减少在燃料和排气系统中的任何地方形成沉积。在喷气燃料组合物中，例如这包括减少在燃料喷嘴和喷射环中形成沉积，和在表面例如增压器燃料管道、致动器和涡轮机叶轮和叶片上形成沉积。在另外的馏分燃料组合物中，例如柴油，其中添加了本发明的分散剂，其起抑制喷射器形成的沉积和增加燃料稳定性的作用。
本发明的馏分燃料组合物含有磷酸化和/或硼化的无灰分散剂。这些分散剂优选是以下i)和ii)的反应产物：i)至少一种磷化合物和/或硼化合物，ii)至少一种无灰分散剂。
形成本发明分散剂的适合的磷化合物包括能将含磷的基团引入无灰分散剂中的磷化合物或磷化合物的混合物。能够进行这种反应的任何有机或无机磷化合物都可使用。因此，可使用这种无机磷化合物，如无机磷酸，和无机磷氧化物，包括它们的水合物。一般，无机磷化合物包括磷酸的全酯和偏酯，例如磷酸、硫代磷酸、二硫代磷酸、三硫代磷酸和四硫代磷酸的单、二和三酯；亚磷酸、硫代亚磷酸、二硫代亚磷酸和三硫代亚磷酸的单、二和三酯；三烃基氧化膦；三烃基硫化膦；单和二烃基膦酸酯，(RPO(OR’)(OR”)，其中R和R’是烃基，R”是氢原子或烃基，和它们的单、二和三硫代类似物；单和二烃基亚膦酸酯(phosphonite)，(RP(OR’)(OR”)，其中R和R’是烃基，R”是氢原子或烃基，和它们的单和二硫代类似物等。因此可使用这种化合物，例如亚磷酸(H3PO3，有时描述为H2(HPO3)，有时称为原亚磷酸或膦酸)，磷酸(H3PO4，有时称为正磷酸)，连二磷酸(H4P2O6)，偏磷酸(HPO3)，焦磷酸(H4P2O7)，次磷酸(H3PO2，有时称为次膦酸)，焦亚磷酸(H4P2O5，有时称为焦膦酸)，三价膦酸(H3PO)，三聚磷酸(H5P3O10)，四聚磷酸(H6P4O13)，三偏磷酸(H3P3O9)，三氧化磷，四氧化磷，五氧化磷等。部分和全部硫化类似物，例如四硫代磷酸(H3PS4)，一硫代磷酸(H3PO3S)，二硫代磷酸(H3PO2S2)，三硫代磷酸(H3POS3)，三硫化四磷，七硫化磷和五硫化二磷(P2S5，有时指P4S10)也可用于制备适合用作本发明组分b)的产物。虽然不是优选的，但还可使用无机磷卤化物，例如PCl3，PBr3，POCl3，PSCl3等。优选的磷试剂是亚磷酸(H3PO3)。
类似的可使用这样的有机磷化合物，例如磷酸的单、二和三酯(例如三烃基磷酸酯，二烃基磷酸氢酯、单烃基磷酸二氢酯和它们的混合物)，亚磷酸的单、二和三酯(例如三烃基亚磷酸酯、二烃基亚磷酸氢酯、烃基亚磷酸二氢酯和它们的混合物)，膦酸酯(“伯”RP(O)(OR)2和“仲”R2P(O)(OR))，膦酰卤化物(例如RP(O)Cl2和R2P(O)Cl)，卤代亚磷酸酯(例如(RO)PCl2和(RO)2PCl)，卤代磷酸酯(例如ROP(O)Cl2和(RO)2P(O)Cl)，三元焦磷酸酯(例如(RO)2P(O)-O-P(O)(OR)2)和任意前述有机磷化合物的全部和部分硫化类似物等，其中每个烃基含有多至约100个碳原子，优选多至约50个碳原子，更优选多至约24个碳原子，最优选多至约12个碳原子。虽然不是优选的，但还可使用卤代膦卤化物(例如烃基四卤化磷，二烃基三卤化磷和三烃基二卤化磷)和卤代膦(单卤代膦和二卤代膦)。
当使用有机磷化合物时，优选在磷酸化反应中使用可水解的磷化合物，特别是可水解的二烃基亚磷酸氢酯和水，以便磷化合物在反应过程中部分(或完全)水解。
用于形成本发明分散剂的适合的硼化合物包括能将含硼的基团引入无灰分散剂中的任何硼化合物或硼化合物的混合物。能够进行这种反应的任何有机或无机硼化合物都可使用。因此，可使用氧化硼、氧化硼水合物、三氟化硼、三溴化硼、三氯化硼、HBF4、硼酸例如硼酸(例如烷基-B(OH)2或芳基-B(OH)2)，硼酸，(即H3BO3)，四硼酸(即H2B5O7)，偏硼酸(即HBO2)，这种硼酸的铵盐和这种硼酸的酯。使用三卤化硼与醚、有机酸、无机酸或烃的配合物是将硼反应物引入反应混合物的便利方法。这种配合物是已知的，其实例为三氟化硼-二乙醚，三氟化硼-苯酚，三氟化硼-磷酸，三氯化硼-氯乙酸，三溴化硼-二噁烷和三氟化硼-甲乙醚。
硼酸的具体实例包括甲基硼酸、苯基硼酸、环己基硼酸，对庚基苯基硼酸和十二烷基硼酸。
硼酸酯包括特别是硼酸与醇或酚的单、二和三有机酯，所说的醇或酚例如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、环己醇、环戊醇、1-辛醇、2-辛醇、十二烷醇、山嵛醇、油醇、硬脂醇、苯甲醇、2-丁基环己醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、1，3-丙二醇，1，3-丁二醇，2，4-己二醇，1，2-环己烷二醇，1，3-辛二醇，甘油、季戊四醇、二乙二醇、卡必醇、2-乙氧基乙醇、三乙二醇、三丙二醇、苯酚、萘酚、对丁基苯酚、邻，对-二庚基苯酚、正环己基苯酚、2，2-双(对羟基苯基)丙烷、聚异丁烯(分子量1500)-取代的苯酚、2-氯乙醇、邻氯苯酚、间硝基苯酚、6-溴代辛醇、和7-酮-癸辛醇。制备用于本发明目的的硼酸酯，特别有用的是低级醇，1，2-二醇和1，3-二醇，即具有低于约8个碳原子的那些。
适用于本发明的无灰分散剂包括已知用作润滑油添加剂的那些。它们包括烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺和聚乙烯聚胺例如四乙烯-五胺的琥珀酰亚胺，它们更详细地描述在例如US 3,172,892；3,219,666和3,361,673中，其公开的内容在本文引用作参考。适合的无灰分散剂的其它实例包括(i)使用烷醇、胺和/或氨基烷醇制备的烃基取代的琥珀酸的混合酯/酰胺，(ii)使用多羟基醇制备的含有至少一个游离羟基的烃基取代的琥珀酸羟基酯，例如其描述在US3,381,022中，其公开的内容在本文作参考，和(iii)曼尼期分散剂，其是烃基取代的苯酚、甲醛和聚乙烯聚胺的缩合产物，其描述在，例如US3,368,972；3,413,374；3,539,633；3,649,279；3,798,247和3,803,039，其公开的内容在本文引用作参考。烃基取代基通常是聚烯烃，优选是具有数均分子量在约500-5000的聚异丁烯基团。无灰分散剂优选是烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺、曼尼期缩合产物或烃基取代的琥珀酰亚胺和曼尼期缩合产物的混合物。当使用无灰分散剂的混合物时，每种分散剂可独立地是磷酸化和/或硼化的。
另外的反应物，例如在美国专利4,857,214和4,855,074中讲授的苯并三唑和在美国专利5,505,868中讲授的二元酰化试剂也可用于制备本发明的分散剂，优选的分散剂不含有苯并三唑或另外的二元酰化试剂。在优选的实施方案中，本发明的磷酸化和/或硼化的无灰分散剂基本是由i)和ii)的反应产物组成，i)至少一种磷化合物和/或硼化合物，和ii)至少一种无灰分散剂。
碱性氮的另外来源可任选地包括在磷和/或硼-无灰分散剂混合物中，以便提供碱性氮的摩尔量(原子比例)高至等于由无灰分散剂提供的碱性氮的摩尔量。优选的辅助氮化合物是含有约12-24个碳原子的长链的伯、仲和叔烷基胺，包括它们的羟烷基和氨基烷基衍生物。长链烷基可任选地含有一个或多个醚基团。适合的化合物的实例包括，但不限于，油胺、N-油基三亚甲基二胺、N-牛油基二乙醇胺、N，N-二甲基油胺和肉豆蔻基氧杂丙基胺。
在进行前述反应中，可使用所需反应以满意的反应速率发生的任何温度。通常，磷酸化反应和/或硼化反应(不论同时或分别进行的)是在80-200℃，更优选100-150℃温度范围进行。然而，当认为需要时，可偏离这些温度范围。这些反应可于存在或不存在辅助稀释剂或液态反应介质下进行。如果反应是在不存在这种类型的辅助溶剂下进行，通常是在反应完成后将其加入反应产物中。用这种方法，最终产品是与基础燃料相容的方便的溶液形式。
反应物的比例在一定程度上取决于所使用的无灰分散剂的性质，主要是其中碱性氮的含量。因此，在某些情况下，最佳的比例最好是由进行一些中型实验来确定。
如上述的，本发明的分散剂是通过用至少一种磷酸化试剂使无灰分散剂进行磷酸化反应，和/或用至少一种硼化试剂使无灰分散剂进行硼化反应制备的。如果无灰分散剂既是磷酸化又是硼化的，则这些反应是同时或按次序进行的。当然，不需要这些反应在同一设备中进行或在彼此最接近的时间进行。例如，在本发明一实施方案中，由一制造商得到的磷酸化无灰分散剂仅需要用上述类型的硼化试剂进行硼化，以产生适用于本发明的磷酸化-硼化无灰分散剂。类似地，可从供应商获得适合的硼化的无灰分散剂，用根据本文描述的步骤使其进行磷酸化反应，由此产生适用于本发明的新的硼化-磷酸化的无灰分散剂。简而言之，如果需要的话，可用两个或多个不同的和独立的部分根据本发明制备本发明的新的产物。
虽然，在进行磷酸化和硼化反应中优选使用独立的和不同的磷化合物和硼化合物，但也可以使用在分子中既含磷又含硼的化合物，例如硼磷酸酯等，以便同时磷酸化和硼化无灰分散剂。
如果存在的话，相对于每摩尔碱性氮和在反应混合物中的游离羟基，磷化合物的用量范围是约0.001摩尔至0.999摩尔，其高至辅助氮化合物提供的一半。当存在时，相对于每摩尔碱性氮和/或在混合物中的羟基，硼化合物的用量范围是约0.001摩尔至约1摩尔，其过量于磷化合物的摩尔量。
添加的水的量(即使有也很少)不是特别关键的，因为在反应结束，其通过蒸馏被除去。水的量高至约混合物重量的1％是优选的。当使用时，稀释剂的量通常为混合物重量的约10％-50％。当加入时，铜保护剂的量一般为混合物重量的约0.5％-5％。
一般，在反应混合物中使用以下量的组分(相对重量比例)：
分散剂 0.2-10份
磷酸 0.005-2份
H2O 0-2份
稀释剂油或溶剂 0-10份
硼酸 0-2份
辅助氮化合物 0-5.0份优选的用量是：
分散剂 1-5份
磷酸 0.01-0.5份
水 0.01-1份
稀释剂 0.5-3份
硼酸 0-0.5份
辅助氮化合物 0.001-2.0份
本发明的分散剂是以任何足够的量用于燃料中，以减少在发动机例如压缩点火或喷气式发动机的燃料和排气系统中形成沉积。优选，分散剂的用量范围按活性组分计算(包括稀释剂或溶剂)是约1-1000mg/l燃料，最优选是约30-200mg/l燃料。
用于本发明的优选的馏分燃料是柴油和喷气燃料，更优选是JP-8喷气燃料。
可与本发明的分散剂使用的其它组分包括非磷酸化和非硼化的无灰分散剂、抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、腐蚀抑制剂、导电率改良剂(例如静电耗散器)、燃料系统积冰抑制剂、馏分燃料稳定剂、十六烷值改进剂和破乳剂。
可包括在本发明的馏分燃料组合物中的各种其它组分是以常规用量使用。这种任选组分的量对实施本发明不是关键的。在任何特例中使用的量是足以给燃料组合物提供所需的性能，这种量是本领域技术人员公知的。
HLPS实验
为了评价各种分散剂和它们对经受了热应力的燃料组合物的效果，所有样品使用热液体加工模拟器(HLPS)进行测试。为了进行测试，所有添加剂是在JP-8喷气发动机燃料中被评价，该燃料以2.0ml/分钟的速度泵送250分钟通过320℃的管式装置。记录在管中累积的沉积物的重量，因此，在该实验中，较低沉积物重量值是理想的。实验结果列于表1中。所使用的分散剂是基于聚异丁烯(PIB)的琥珀酰亚胺和曼尼期，如表2中所列。所有的处理率是基于活性组分，即包括稀释剂或载流体。表1.HLPS结果：
*对比实施例表2：
| 实施例 | 添加剂 | 添加剂化学/功能 | 处理率(S)(mg/l) | 沉积物重量(μg) |
| 1* | 无(基础燃料) | - | 710 | |
| 2* | S1 | 琥珀酰亚胺分散剂 | 60 | 400 |
| 3 | S1-B1-P1 | S1用硼酸和亚磷酸处理的 | 44 | 200 |
| 4* | S2 | 琥珀酰亚胺分散剂 | 81 | 400 |
| 5 | S2-P1 | S2用亚磷酸处理的 | 81 | 250 |
| 6* | S3 | 琥珀酰亚胺分散剂 | 61 | 410 |
| 7 | S3-P1 | S3用亚磷酸处理的 | 61 | 300 |
| 8* | M1 | 曼尼期分散剂 | 44 | 390 |
| 9 | M1-P1 | M1用亚磷酸处理的 | 45 | 200 |
| 10 | M1-P2 | M1用亚磷酸处理的 | 45 | 160 |
| 11 | M1-P3 | M1用亚磷酸处理的 | 45 | 170 |
| 12 | MA-B1 | M1用硼酸处理的 | 45 | 250 |
| 13 | M1-B1-P2 | M1用硼酸和亚磷酸处理的 | 42 | 140 |
| 14 | M1-B1-P2 | M1用硼酸和亚磷酸处理的 | 42 | 100 |
| 分散剂 | PIB分子量 | Wt.％氮 | Wt.％磷 | Wt.％硼 |
| S1 | 900 | 3.31 | ||
| S1-B1-P1 | 900 | 3.28 | 1.71 | 0.79 |
| S2 | 950 | 3.71 | ||
| S2-P1 | 950 | 3.7 | 0.23 | |
| S3 | 1,300 | 2.95 | ||
| S3-P1 | 1,300 | 2.91 | 0.56 | |
| M1 | 1,500 | 2.89 | ||
| M1-B1 | 1,500 | 2.9 | 0.48 | |
| M1-P1 | 1,500 | 2.85 | 0.43 | |
| M1-P2 | 1,500 | 2.83 | 0.91 | |
| M1-P3 | 1,500 | 2.75 | 1.67 | |
| M1-P4 | 1,500 | 2.85 | 0.38 | |
| M1-B1-P1 | 1,500 | 2.85 | 0.46 | 0.48 |
| M1-B1-P2 | 1,500 | 2.83 | 1.05 | 0.48 |
表1中所示的HLPS结果证明了，当与含有非本发明范围的分散剂的燃料组合物相比，本发明的磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂使燃料组合物当经受热应力时表现出明显地降低沉积物的形成，这通过用本发明燃料组合物得到较低沉积物量被证实。L-10实验
还测试本发明的分散剂对改善柴油发动机的喷头的清洁度的效果。该实验在多汽缸柴油发动机中运行。该发动机是用一般的商售的柴油作为基础燃料进行操作，测定喷头的沉积物。然后该发动机用含有以上的各种分散剂的基础燃料进行操作。该实验是Cummins L-10实验。Cummins公司是位于美国印第安纳州的Columbus的发动机生产商。该实验被设计成提供能够产生柴油喷头沉积物的实验周期。该喷头沉积物实验使用两个Cummins L-10发动机，用驱动轴前-后顺序相连。其中的一个发动机的功率是约55-65马力，另一发动机类似于节流电动机。
该发动机运转125小时。控制冷却剂温度(内/外)和燃料温度得到重现性结果。然后冲洗发动机燃料系统除去残留的添加剂，取出带有相关活塞的喷头。不需要从喷头中取出活塞，将喷头于一流动台上进行流量测试，测定流动速率损失的百分数。然后从喷头体内小心地取出活塞，不要破坏沉积物。然后用CRC(Coordinated Research Council，Atlanta，Georgia)比率计算方法Manual#18，将活塞小直径沉积物进行比率计算。较高的比率表示有更多的沉积物，用CRC比率系统，0表示新的，100表示极脏。
按使用Cummins L-10实验的平均流速损失和平均CRC比率的燃料、添加剂和实验结果列在表3中。处理率是基于活性组分，以磅/1000桶基础燃料为单位。添加剂的描述列在以上表2中。表3.Cummins L-10实验结果：
*对比实施例
| 实施例 | 添加剂 | 处理率(Ib/1000bbl) | 平均喷头比率 | 平均喷头流量损失 |
| 15* | 无(基础燃料) | - | 27.9 | 3.1 |
| 16* | S2 | 32.3 | 10.2 | 2 |
| 17 | S2-P1 | 32.4 | 8.4 | 2.1 |
| 18 | M1-P4 | 17.8 | 6.1 | 0.4 |
由表3的结果可清楚地看出，用含有本发明的分散剂的燃料操作的发动机降低了喷头的沉积物，这由平均喷头比率和平均喷头流量损失实验得到的较低数值被证实。
该发明对于在实施中的显著变化是敏感的。因此，本发明不限于以上所列的具体实例，而是在所附的权利要求的精神和范围内，包括其法律上可得到的等价物。
Claims (22)
1.一种燃料组合物，其包含馏分燃料和磷酸化和/或硼化的无灰分散剂，其中分散剂是以下i)和ii)的反应产物：i)至少一种磷化合物和/或硼化合物，ii)至少一种无灰分散剂，其中磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂的含量是约1-1000mg/l燃料。
2.权利要求1的组合物，其中无灰分散剂选自烃基琥珀酰亚胺，烃基琥珀酰胺，烃基取代的琥珀酸的混合酯/酰胺，烃基取代的琥珀酸的羟基酯，烃基取代的苯酚、甲醛和聚胺的曼尼期缩合产物和其混合物，其中无灰分散剂的烃基是数均分子量500-5000的聚异丁烯基团。
3.权利要求1的组合物，其中相对于每摩尔碱性氮和在组合物中的羟基，磷化合物的用量范围是0.001摩尔至0.999摩尔；相对于每摩尔碱性氮和在组合物中的羟基，硼化合物的用量范围是0.001摩尔至1摩尔，其过量于磷化合物的摩尔量。
4.权利要求1的组合物，其中磷化合物是含磷的无机酸或酸酐，包括其部分硫的类似物。
5.权利要求2的组合物，其中无灰分散剂是烃基琥珀酰亚胺。
6.权利要求2的组合物，其中无灰分散剂是曼尼期缩合产物。
7.权利要求2的组合物，其中无灰分散剂是至少一种烃基琥珀酰亚胺和至少一种曼尼期缩合产物的混合物。
8.权利要求1的燃料组合物，其中磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂的含量是30-200mg/l燃料。
9.权利要求1的燃料组合物，其中馏分燃料是柴油或喷气燃料。
10.权利要求9的燃料组合物，其中喷气燃料是JP-8喷气燃料。
11.权利要求1的燃料组合物，其中反应产物是在C12-C24烷基胺存在下制备的，以便提供氮的摩尔量高至等于由无灰分散剂提供的碱性氮的摩尔量。
12.根据权利要求1的燃料组合物，其还包含添加剂，添加剂选自非磷酸化和非硼化的无灰分散剂、抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、腐蚀抑制剂、导电率改良剂、燃料系统积冰抑制剂、馏分燃料稳定剂、十六烷值改进剂和破乳剂。
13.一种降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，特征在于使用权利要求1的燃料组合物。
14.权利要求13的方法，其中磷化合物是含磷的无机酸或酸酐，包括其部分硫的类似物。
15.根据权利要求13的降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，其中无灰分散剂选自烃基琥珀酰亚胺，烃基琥珀酰胺，烃基取代的琥珀酸的混合酯/酰胺，烃基取代的琥珀酸的羟基酯，烃基取代的苯酚、甲醛和聚胺的曼尼期缩合产物和其混合物，其中无灰分散剂的烃基是数均分子量约500-5000的聚异丁烯基团。
16.根据权利要求15的降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，其中无灰分散剂是烃基琥珀酰亚胺。
17.权利要求15的方法，其中无灰分散剂是曼尼期缩合产物。
18.权利要求15的方法，其中无灰分散剂是至少一种烃基琥珀酰亚胺和至少一种曼尼期缩合产物的混合物。
19.根据权利要求13的降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，其中磷酸化和/或硼化的分散剂的含量是30-200mg/l燃料。
20.根据权利要求13的降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，其中馏分燃料选自柴油或喷气燃料。
21.根据权利要求20的降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，其中喷气燃料是JP-8喷气燃料。
22.根据权利要求13的降低在发动机中沉积物形成的方法，其中所说的燃料组合物还包含添加剂，添加剂选自非磷酸化和非硼化的无灰分散剂、抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、腐蚀抑制剂、导电率改良剂、燃料系统积冰抑制剂、馏分燃料稳定剂、十六烷值改进剂和破乳剂。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US905,027 | 1997-08-01 | ||
| US08/905,027 US6042626A (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1997-08-01 | Phosphorylated and/or boronated dispersants as thermal stability additives for distillate fuels |
| US905027 | 1997-08-01 |
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| CN1219574A CN1219574A (zh) | 1999-06-16 |
| CN1096495C true CN1096495C (zh) | 2002-12-18 |
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| JP (1) | JPH11106767A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1096495C (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2243377A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69821835T2 (zh) |
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| CA2308554A1 (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-12-22 | Scott D. Schwab | Phosphorylated thermal stability additives for distillate fuels |
| US6525004B1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2003-02-25 | Infineum International Inc. | Combustion improving additive for small engine lubricating oils |
| US9469825B2 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2016-10-18 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant composition for automatic transmissions |
| CN109777526A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-05-21 | 湘潭正宇节能科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保bf柴油 |
| CN109797013A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-05-24 | 湘潭正宇节能科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保bf燃油 |
| CN109777538A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-05-21 | 湘潭正宇节能科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保bf重油 |
| CN109777527A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-05-21 | 湘潭正宇节能科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保bf汽油 |
| US11578287B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2023-02-14 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Mixed fleet capable lubricating compositions |
| US11807827B2 (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2023-11-07 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating compositions for reduced high temperature deposits |
| US11970671B2 (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2024-04-30 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Detergent systems for oxidation resistance in lubricants |
| US11912955B1 (en) | 2022-10-28 | 2024-02-27 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating compositions for reduced low temperature valve train wear |
| US11926804B1 (en) | 2023-01-31 | 2024-03-12 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Dispersant and detergent systems for improved motor oil performance |
| US12110468B1 (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2024-10-08 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Antiwear systems for improved wear in medium and/or heavy duty diesel engines |
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- 1998-07-27 JP JP10225182A patent/JPH11106767A/ja active Pending
- 1998-07-30 DE DE69821835T patent/DE69821835T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-30 EP EP98114298A patent/EP0894845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6042626A (en) | 2000-03-28 |
| EP0894845B1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| JPH11106767A (ja) | 1999-04-20 |
| DE69821835D1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
| EP0894845A1 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| DE69821835T2 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
| CN1219574A (zh) | 1999-06-16 |
| CA2243377A1 (en) | 1999-02-01 |
| SG71138A1 (en) | 2000-03-21 |
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