CN109648213B

CN109648213B - Multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous machining process

Info

Publication number: CN109648213B
Application number: CN201910060035.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余小刚
Original assignee: Wuhan Ningzhiyuan Auto Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Ningzhiyuan Auto Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-22
Filing date: 2019-01-22
Publication date: 2021-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-22
Also published as: CN109648213A

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, conveying the uncoiled strip material to a main channel along a workbench, wherein the main channel is provided with a main station and simultaneously cuts more than one blank; (2) the blanks on the main stations are respectively transmitted to M auxiliary channels which are parallel to each other by a product transmission device, N auxiliary stations which are connected in series are arranged in the auxiliary channels, and the auxiliary stations cut and trim the appearance of the blanks to finish the processing and blanking of the whole workpiece; (3) the material taking device on the blanking stacking station takes the processed workpieces in the auxiliary channel for stacking; the main station and the auxiliary station can simultaneously process different parts of the workpiece to form a multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking continuous production line, so that the processing efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous machining process

Technical Field

The invention provides a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing system and a laser blanking process based on the same, and belongs to the technical field of metal material processing.

Background

The desired material is separated from the plate-like base material, generally referred to as a blank. The material is separated from the parent material by various methods (presses, guillotines, saws, flame cutting, plasma cutting, laser cutting, etc.), all called blanking. The most widely used at present is the stamping and blanking line, which separates the plate along a closed contour curve or straight line by using a stamping die, wherein the stamped part is a finished product, and the rest part is waste. The sheet is generally placed on a female die and pressed downward by a male die. Because the convex edge of the male die of the female die is provided with the cutting edge, the shearing action is carried out while pressurizing, and the blank with the required shape and size is cut from the plate material so as to carry out the next working procedure. Sometimes, the finished product can be obtained by blanking once. The plate stamping production mainly depends on a stamping die and stamping equipment to complete processing, the process is convenient to realize mechanization and automation, the production rate is high, the operation is simple and convenient, and the part cost is low. And parts with complex shapes can be punched, generally, cutting processing is not needed, and the waste is less, so that the raw material and energy consumption are saved. However, the die is complex and costly to manufacture, and its advantages are only apparent under mass production conditions. Moreover, the traditional punching blanking or shearing blanking mode can cause certain damage or fine cracks to the cut or the surface of the plate. And as material technology develops, more and more materials are applied to automobile bodies, high-strength steel and aluminum alloy being typical of the two materials. The high-strength steel material has high tensile strength, large elongation span and high requirements on impact pressure, shearing force, materials of a die or a cutter and heat treatment. The defects of material blockage, obvious cracking or fine cracks and the like are easily generated in the stamping and shearing processes. The aluminum alloy material is soft, so that the defects of top damage, pressure damage, scratching, deformation, large burrs and the like are easily generated during stamping and blanking, and the clearance value and the cleanliness of a stamping die are difficult to control; shearing also faces problems with gaps and burrs.

The laser technology is a non-contact cutting technology, and the plate cannot be cracked. At present, with the development of laser technology, the speed of laser cutting or welding is greatly improved, but the laser cutting or welding speed is limited by a laser processing device and a matched control system, so that a feasible laser blanking production line is difficult to come out in a real sense. At present, the application of the laser cutting machine in the automobile industry is mainly in the aspect of three-dimensional cutting, including six-axis robot laser cutting and three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting, and is used for replacing a punching blanking die and a trimming and punching die, so that 1 pair of punching blanking dies are saved on a die, 2 pairs of trimming and punching dies are saved on a drawing die, and the laser cutting machine can also be saved in the case of a corner cutting die and a blanking die under special conditions.

In 2015, 6 months, two laser blanking lines of SCHULER, germany were ordered by dymler for his facility in the meirsat, cuspen, and the moving metal coil was cut and blanked by laser, and the machined material sheets of various shapes were used for vehicle body shaping in the subsequent process. Along with the development of laser cutting technique, the shape that some traditional blanking lines are difficult to process can both adopt laser blanking line processing, and laser blanking line compares with traditional blanking line and has following advantage: 1. the laser cutting processing does not need a die, so that die changing is not needed, and the purchasing, maintenance and storage cost of the die is saved. 2. The feeding and discharging of a single plate are converted into the continuous shearing of the rolled plate, the processing speed is high, and the processing quality is also guaranteed. 3. The installation cost and the occupied area are low, and the huge investment of a heavy steel structure factory building required by a mechanical blanking line is saved. 4. The die cost is not present, the minimum processing amount of the blanking line is greatly reduced, the laser blanking line is very beneficial to enterprises and manufacturers, and the laser blanking line can process a small number of orders. 5. The processing range of the material is widened, the strength of the material is not considered by laser cutting, so that the high-strength steel and aluminum alloy plates for automobiles can be easily processed, and the problems of cracking, crushing and the like do not exist. 6. The material is automatically discharged through programming software, the material blank pressing loss required by blanking through a die is saved, and the material utilization rate is obviously improved compared with that of the common blanking. 7. The trial production and release period of the new products in small batch is shortened.

However, the disadvantage of the laser blanking line is very obvious, and the processing efficiency is related to the laser power and the length of the processing path, so that the total processing efficiency is only 40% of that of the common blanking line at most, and the development of the laser blanking line is severely restricted. The solution to the above-mentioned breakthrough point of the short plate is the development of multi-optical head system, but at present, the multi-optical head synchronization system in the laser blanking line is a difficult point of development and control.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the defects in the background technology and provides a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing technology.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows:

a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing technology comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, conveying the uncoiled strip material to a main channel along a workbench, wherein a main station is arranged in the main channel, an optical head in the main station is connected with a control system, the optical head on the main station performs material cutting, and simultaneously cuts off more than one blankWhile cutting off, the optical head on the main station is additionally provided with part of appearance processing according to the requirement; the average processing period of each blank on the main station is T₁；

(2) The blanks on the main stations are respectively transmitted to M auxiliary channels which are parallel to each other by a product transmission device, M is larger than or equal to 1, each auxiliary channel corresponds to one blank, N auxiliary stations which are connected in series are arranged in the auxiliary channels, N is larger than or equal to 1, the optical head in each auxiliary station is connected with a control system, the optical head on each auxiliary station cuts and trims the appearance of the blanks to finish the machining and blanking of the whole workpiece, and the machining period on each auxiliary station is T₂，T₂＝T₁M, determining the number of auxiliary stations in each auxiliary channel according to the shape processing complexity of the blank;

(3) a blanking stacking station is arranged at the tail end of each auxiliary channel, or all the auxiliary channels share one blanking stacking station, and a material taking device on the blanking stacking station takes materials and stacks the processed workpieces in the auxiliary channels;

the uncoiled strip is continuously fed, the workbench adopts a stepping servo feeding or continuous feeding mode, and the main station and the auxiliary station can simultaneously process different parts of the workpiece to form a multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking continuous production line.

If the blanks cut and processed by the main station are oppositely discharged, the number of the auxiliary channels is set to be even.

If the number of the plates processed in the main station is more than one, the number of the auxiliary channels is consistent with the number of the blanks processed in one processing period of the main station.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: because a multi-optical-head synchronous system in the existing laser blanking line is difficult to develop and control, the application creatively provides the concept of material-cutting type multi-station processing, the processing appearance of a single product is decomposed, and the processing is simultaneously carried out in more than two stations, so that the product is synchronously cut by connecting the stations, the control process can be simplified, the output efficiency is greatly improved, and the cost is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing system adopted in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a comparative laser drop line process of example 1.

Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing system adopted in embodiment 2;

fig. 4 is an outline view of a workpiece to be machined in example 2.

Fig. 5 is a layout diagram of a multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing system adopted in embodiment 3;

fig. 6 is an outline view of a workpiece to be machined in example 3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.

Example 1

In the present embodiment, the processing of a part on an automobile body is described as an example, and the part is first cut from a coil stock and then subjected to a subsequent process such as forging. The coil parameters were as follows: the coil weight is 20 tons, the plate thickness is 1 millimeter, the coil width is 1.4 meters, the theoretical coil length is 1819.84 meters, a stepping servo feeding mode is adopted, the feeding step length is 1 meter, and the servo feeding tempo speeds of various blanking lines are the same.

The outline structure of the product to be processed in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the processing length of a single workpiece is 3.4 meters in total, including a main cutting length of 1.4 meters and 2 sub-cutting lengths of 1 meter.

The processing data statistics of the conventional mechanical stamping blanking are shown in the following table:

after comprehensive statistics, the time for processing a single workpiece is 2.3 seconds. The data is statistics of 20 tons of adopted coil materials, while the domestic automobile industry processes the small coils basically adopted at present, and 90 percent of ordered coil weights are about 10 tons. So if the statistics are carried out on 10 tons and 15 tons of coil stock, the processing time for blanking a single workpiece by mechanical stamping is 3.0 seconds and 2.5 seconds on average.

The laser blanking line currently used in the art generally has three optical heads (more optical heads have greater difficulty in design and control), and when the product is processed, the processing is performed according to the method shown in fig. 2, wherein one optical head completes the main cutting length of 1.4 meters, and the other two optical heads respectively complete the auxiliary cutting length of 1 meter. The processing efficiency statistics are shown in the following table:

laser cutting speed

40

Rice/minute

0.67

Meter/second

Average feed rate

80

Rice/minute

80

Times/min

0.75

Second/time

Time of taking material

1.00

Second/time

Total length of cut

3.4

Rice and its production process

Length of main cut

1.4

Rice and its production process

Main cutting time/step

2.10

Second/time

Length of side cut

2

Rice and its production process

Side cutting time/step

1.50

Second/time

Side-cutting optical head

2

An

Combined efficiency

3.85

Second/time

As can be seen from the above table, under ideal conditions, the processing efficiency of the existing laser blanking line is about 60% of the efficiency of the mechanical stamping blanking line.

Finally, the multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking synchronous processing system provided by the application is adopted for processing, the multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing system is arranged as shown in a graph in fig. 1, wherein one auxiliary channel is arranged, two auxiliary stations are arranged in the auxiliary channel, and the specific processing steps are as follows: (1) firstly, conveying the uncoiled strip material to a main channel along a workbench, wherein a main station is arranged in the main channel, an optical head in the main station is connected with a control system, the optical head on the main station performs material cutting, and the average processing period of each blank on the main station is T₁0.75 seconds;

(2) the blank on the main station is transmitted to the auxiliary channel by the product transmission device, the two auxiliary stations which are connected in series are arranged in the auxiliary channel, the optical head in each auxiliary station is connected with the control system, the optical heads on the two auxiliary stations cut and trim the appearance of the blank to complete the processing and blanking of the whole workpiece, and the processing period on the auxiliary stations is T₂0.75 seconds; the auxiliary stations are provided with 2 optical heads, the first auxiliary station and the second auxiliary station respectively complete the machining of the auxiliary cutting length of 0.5 meter, after the two auxiliary stations are machined, the machining blanking of the whole product is completed, and the machined workpieceThe blank is conveyed to a blanking stacking station by a workbench;

(3) and the material taking device on the blanking stacking station takes the processed workpieces in the auxiliary channel for stacking.

In this embodiment, the strip after uncoiling is continuously fed, the product transmission device adopts a step-by-step servo feeding mode, the servo feeding cycle speeds of the stations are the same, and the main station, the auxiliary station and the blanking stacking station can ensure that different workpieces are processed at the same time, so as to form a multi-optical-head multi-station step-by-step laser blanking continuous production line. Through statistics, the processing efficiency statistics of the multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking line provided by the embodiment are shown in the following table:

as can be seen from the above table, the processing efficiency of the multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking line is about 93% of that of the mechanical stamping blanking line.

The machining efficiency of the multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking line that is provided with mechanical stamping blanking, laser blanking line and this application is compared comprehensively to the machining efficiency of mechanical stamping blanking is taken as a reference value (100%), and the comparison table is obtained as follows:

example 2

In this embodiment, the processing of a part on an automobile body is also described as an example, and the part is first cut from a coil stock and then subjected to a subsequent process such as forging. The coil parameters were as follows: the coil weight is 20 tons, the plate thickness is 1 millimeter, the coil width is 1.4 meters, the theoretical coil length is 1819.84 meters, a stepping servo feeding mode is adopted, the feeding step length is 1 meter, and the servo feeding tempo speeds of various blanking lines are the same. In the embodiment, the shape structure of the product to be processed is shown in fig. 4, the shape is complex, the main cutting speed is high (the main cutting line is a thick solid line in fig. 4), and the workpieces cut in the main cutting are oppositely discharged from left to right, so that in the embodiment, two auxiliary channels (shown in fig. 3) which are parallel up and down are arranged, and both the two auxiliary channels are connected with the main channel through the up-and-down rotary diversion and transmission device. The thin solid line in the thick solid line in fig. 4 is a secondary cutting line, and the secondary cutting has a complicated shape, so that 2 secondary processing stations connected in series are provided in the secondary channel.

The specific processing steps in this example are as follows: (1) firstly, conveying the uncoiled strip material to a main channel along a workbench, cutting the strip material by a light head on a main station, wherein the average processing period of each blank on the main station is T₁2 seconds;

(2) the first blank on the main station is firstly transmitted to the auxiliary channel on the lower layer by the product transmission device, two auxiliary stations which are connected in series are arranged in the auxiliary channel on the lower layer, the appearance of the blank is cut and trimmed by the optical heads on the two auxiliary stations, the processing and blanking of the whole workpiece are completed, and the processing period on the auxiliary stations is T₂4 seconds. In the process, the second blank continuously processed on the main station is transmitted to the upper auxiliary channel by the product transmission device, and the appearance of the blank is cut and trimmed by the light heads on the two auxiliary stations arranged in the upper auxiliary channel. When the third blank is continuously processed on the main station, the first auxiliary station in the auxiliary passage of the lower layer finishes processing on the station, and the processed workpiece is conveyed to the second auxiliary station at the downstream of the first auxiliary station, and the third blank processed on the main station is conveyed to the first auxiliary station in the auxiliary passage of the lower layer by the vertical rotating and guiding conveying device. The workpiece is circularly fed, cut and blanked according to the mode, and different parts of the workpiece can be processed simultaneously by the main station and the auxiliary station, so that a multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking continuous production line is formed

(3) After the two auxiliary stations are processed, the whole product is processed and blanked, and the processed workpiece is conveyed to a blanking stacking station by a workbench; and the material taking device on the blanking stacking station takes the processed workpieces in the auxiliary channel for stacking.

Example 3

In this embodiment, the processing of a member on a vehicle body is explained as an example, and the member is cut and molded directly from a roll material. The coil parameters were as follows: the coil weight is 20 tons, the plate thickness is 1 millimeter, the coil width is 1.4 meters, the theoretical coil length is 1819.84 meters, the main station adopts a continuous feeding mode, and the auxiliary station adopts a stepping servo feeding mode. In the embodiment, the outline structure of the product to be processed is shown in fig. 6, the outline is simpler, but the outline of the workpiece is smaller, so that the main processing position adopts a cutting mode of cutting a plurality of workpieces (the main cutting line is a thick solid line in fig. 6), and the processing of three blanks is completed by cutting at one time. In this embodiment, three side-by-side sub-channels (as shown in fig. 5) are provided, and each of the three sub-channels is connected to the main channel via a left and right diversion conveyor. The thin solid lines in the thick solid lines in fig. 6 are secondary cutting lines, and the secondary cutting has a simpler profile, so that only one secondary processing station connected in series is provided in the secondary channel.

The specific processing steps in this example are as follows: (1) firstly, conveying the uncoiled strip material to a main channel along a workbench, carrying out dynamic feeding and material cutting by an optical head on a main station, wherein a complete processing period on the main station is 3 seconds, and the average processing period on each blank is T₁1 second.

(2) The three blanks processed on the main station are simultaneously conveyed into three auxiliary channels by the product conveying device, an auxiliary station is arranged on the auxiliary channels, and the processing period T on the auxiliary station₂3 seconds. And when the optical head on the auxiliary station finishes processing and blanking the whole workpiece, the three blanks processed in the next period on the main station are continuously transmitted into the three auxiliary channels by the product transmission device respectively. The workpiece is circularly fed, cut and blanked according to the mode, and different parts of the workpiece can be processed simultaneously by the main station and the auxiliary station, so that a multi-optical-head multi-station stepping laser blanking continuous production line is formed

(3) After the auxiliary station is processed, the whole product is processed and blanked, and the processed workpiece is conveyed to a blanking stacking station by a workbench; each auxiliary channel is correspondingly provided with a blanking stacking station, and the material taking device on the blanking stacking station takes the processed workpieces in the auxiliary channel for stacking.

Claims

1. A multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) firstly, conveying the uncoiled strip material to a main channel along a workbench, wherein a main station is arranged in the main channel, an optical head in the main station is connected with a control system, the optical head on the main station performs material cutting and simultaneously cuts off more than one blank, and the optical head on the main station is additionally provided with part of appearance processing according to needs while cutting off; the average processing period of each blank on the main station is T₁；

(2) The blanks on the main stations are respectively transmitted to M auxiliary channels which are parallel to each other by a product transmission device, M is more than or equal to 2, each auxiliary channel corresponds to one blank, N auxiliary stations which are connected in series are arranged in the auxiliary channels, N is more than or equal to 1, the optical head in each auxiliary station is connected with a control system, the optical head on each auxiliary station cuts and trims the appearance of the blanks to finish the processing and blanking of the whole workpiece, and the processing period on each auxiliary station is T₂，T₂＝T₁M, determining the number of auxiliary stations in each auxiliary channel according to the shape processing complexity of the blank;

2. The multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing technology of claim 1, characterized in that: if the blanks cut and processed by the main station are oppositely discharged, the number of the auxiliary channels is set to be even.

3. The multi-optical-head multi-station laser blanking synchronous processing technology of claim 1, characterized in that: if the number of the plates processed in the main station is more than one, the number of the auxiliary channels is consistent with the number of the blanks processed in one processing period of the main station.