CN109646490A - 一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109646490A CN109646490A CN201910043371.0A CN201910043371A CN109646490A CN 109646490 A CN109646490 A CN 109646490A CN 201910043371 A CN201910043371 A CN 201910043371A CN 109646490 A CN109646490 A CN 109646490A
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- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明以精制物理压榨植物油为基质与经超临界CO2萃取的高纯度的草本精华制成的具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、祛风散寒、祛湿解表、宣肺化痰、止咳平喘作用。适用于外感风寒，特别是过敏性鼻炎、过敏性支气管哮喘引起的鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、憋气、咳喘，及其续发的副鼻窦炎。本发明具体技术方案是：一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，其特征包括以下重量份原料萃取物与物理压榨的植物油混合的溶液，所述的萃取物浓度为25%～50%：辛荑15～25份，苍耳子10～20份，麻黄1～10份，细辛1～10份，香薷5～15份，白芷10～20份，肉桂5～15份，藿香5～15份，薄荷5～15份。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种外用保健品，特别是一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油及其制备方法。
背景技术
过敏性鼻炎属于I型变态反应性疾病 ，与细胞因子、细胞间粘附分子-1及部分神经肽的相互作用密切相关。特应型个体在吸入变应原(如细菌、病毒、花粉等)后，鼻粘膜局部CD4+T淋巴细胞受细胞因子的刺激，分化成为Th2细胞，释放Th2类细胞因子,后者激活血管内皮细胞表达ICAM-1等粘附分子。细胞间粘附分子的表达有利于多种淋巴细胞，向鼻粘膜局部的迁移、粘附、定位。
变应原刺激机体产生的特异性IgE抗体结合在鼻粘膜浅层和表面的肥大细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞的细胞膜上，此时鼻粘膜便处于致敏状态。当变应原再次吸入鼻腔时，变应原既与肥大细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞表面的IgE发生“桥连”，继而激发细胞膜一系列生化反应，导致以组胺为主的多种炎性介质的释放，从而导致一系列症状发生。
这些介质通过其在鼻黏膜血管、腺体、神经末梢上的受体，引起鼻粘膜明显的组织反应。表现为阻力血管 (毛细血管动脉端) 收缩、容量血管(毛细血管静脉端)扩张、嗜酸性粒细胞侵润，副交感神经活性增高，腺体增生、分泌旺盛，感觉神经敏感性增强（喷嚏连续性发作）。这些病理变化常使鼻粘膜处于超敏感状态，使某些非特异性刺激（冷、热等）也易于诱发过敏性鼻炎的临床表现：鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏甚至咳嗽喘息。随着气候变化和环境污染的日益加重、过敏性鼻炎的发病率在不断上升。
目前，防治过敏性鼻炎的方法和药物五花八门，层出不穷，例如：1、常用的药物有：色甘酸钠、酮替芬、肾上腺皮质激素、1%麻黄素滴鼻。为防止发生药物性鼻炎，应间断性或交替性给药，或加服三磷酸腺苷纳，或进行常年性减敏注射，缺点是易发生一定的局部反应（注射局部肿、痒）和全身性反应（鼻炎症状，胸闷或哮喘）且所需治疗时间较长，复发率高，给患者带来诸多不便。
2、采用外科手术疗法，在鼻变态反应时副交感神经活性增高，切断鼻腔副交感神经，可降低其活性。这类手术包括翼管神经切断术、筛前神经切断术和岩浅大神经切断术。上述手术均有显着的近期疗效，但远期疗效报告不一。在病史较长的一些常年过敏性鼻炎患者，下鼻甲可发生增生性肥大，以至加重鼻塞等症状。此外也可有中甲肿大或息肉样变，可导致中鼻道引流障碍。对鼻甲部行部分切除可明显减轻鼻部症状。有人只将下鼻甲前端切除少许，也可收到显着效果。但采用手术治疗过敏性鼻炎，是一种开放性创伤，实际很小应用于临床。只是在产生严重并发症后不得以而为之。
3、采用中医中药外用药。例如濞舒朗抑菌膏，但其组方繁杂，药材多达36味；而且采用传统加工方法难以克服中药粗、多、黑、杂的瑕疵，携带不便，且治疗每次需时20分钟，疗程又较长。
4、采用flomist鼻炎喷剂能可抑制白三烯等真菌和炎症滋生、修复受损的鼻腔粘膜，但目前国内贵缺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中的不足之处，而提供一种高效、速效，无毒副作用、使用方便、适用范围广、见效快、成本低的防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，其特征包括以下重量份原料萃取物与物理压榨的植物油混合的溶液，所述的萃取物浓度为25%～50%：
辛荑15～25份，苍耳子10～20份，麻黄1～10份，细辛1～10份，香薷5～15份，白芷10～20份，肉桂5～15份，藿香5～15份，薄荷5～15份。
进一步的方案是：所述植物油为油茶籽油、芝麻油或者橄榄油中的任意一种。
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，其特征是经过以下工艺步骤：
1、选料：选取辛荑15～25份，苍耳子10～20份，麻黄1～10份，细辛1～10份，香薷5～15份，白芷10～20份，肉桂5～15份，藿香5～15份，薄荷5～15份，混合粉碎后过5～15目筛；
2、萃取：取200～400份的过筛混合物装入萃取釜中，再将萃取釜内充入CO2气体并开始调温升压，保持萃取釜内温度20～65℃、压力20～45MPa，萃取时间1～4小时，此时CO2气体变为液体，将药物混合物中易挥发的活性成份溶入液态CO2中；
3、分离：将混合成的溶液导入分离器内，分离器内压力4～12 MPA、温度25～65℃，液态CO2汽化，将渣质分离，得到萃取物；
4、稀释、包装：将萃取物取出与物理压榨的植物油勾兑成萃取物浓度为25%～50%的溶液装入容器内，贴标、装箱。
进一步的方案是：所述的选料步骤中过筛目数为10目。
过敏性鼻炎属于中医“鼻鼽”的范畴，中医认为,过敏性鼻炎的发病原因,多与肺气虚有关，肺气虚,则卫表不固,风寒来袭,犯及鼻窍,邪正相搏,肺气不得通调,津液停聚,鼻窍壅塞,故而出现鼻塞、喷嚏、流涕甚而咳喘等症候。
本发明根据中医鼻鼽的这些病机，拟订“温肺散寒,益气固表”，“化湿升清、通窍醒鼻”的治则，以达解除喷嚏、流涕、鼻塞之苦,实现标本兼治的目的。
本发明技术方案中的各原材料产生的效应：
植物油：植物油脂肪成分与人体皮肤内含脂成分相近，皮肤通透性好，因此产品极易被皮肤所吸收；植物油不仅是进入皮肤药物的良好载体，而且本身对皮肤有一定的保护和滋润作用：植物油中的不饱合脂肪酸、特别是单不饱合脂肪酸和亚油酸有降低皮肤组织氧的含量，既能减少已分泌的皮脂腺的氧化有害物质在皮肤内的积聚，又减少脂质过氧化物的产生和沉着；单不饱合脂肪酸能增加SOD的活性，稳定酪氨酸酶活性，从而减少黑色素的形成；SOD增加还能稳定机体重要免疫细胞－巨噬细胞膜，从而保护对皮肤组织内存在的有害代谢产物和微生物的免疫清除能力；
辛荑：辛散温通，能发散风寒，宣通鼻窍。用于治疗外感风寒，肺窍郁闭，恶寒发热，头痛鼻塞者，辛荑花辛温发散，芳香通窍，其性上达，外能祛除风寒邪气，内能升达肺胃清气，善通鼻窍，为治疗鼻塞、流涕之要药，常与白芷、细辛、苍耳子等同用，现代医学证明辛荑花有收缩鼻粘膜血管的作用，能保护鼻粘膜，并促进粘膜分泌物的吸收，减轻炎症，乃至鼻腔通畅；
苍耳子：祛风解表，宣通鼻窍，除湿止痛，用于治疗风寒头痛、鼻渊流涕、风疹瘙痒等，临床报道苍耳子治疗变态反应性鼻炎、慢性鼻炎、鼻渊流涕有独特疗效；
麻黄：发汗解表， 宣降肺气，止咳平喘，凡肺气壅遏所致的咳嗽气喘，无论寒、热、痰、饮以及有无表证，均可应用，尤宜适宜于风寒外束，肺气壅遏之咳喘，特别能收缩鼻粘膜血管，松弛支气管平滑肌，而有防治过敏性鼻炎和过敏性支气管哮喘作用，麻黄挥发油对多种细菌、真菌和病毒有杀灭作用有效的对抗过敏原；
细辛：温经散寒、化饮、祛风止痛，主治风寒头痛、风湿痹痛、牙痛、鼻渊等症，细辛能松弛支气管平滑肌而呈现平喘作用，离体实验证明，细辛挥发油对组胺和乙酰胆碱所引起的支气管痉挛有明显的对抗作用；
香薷：有广谱抗菌和杀菌作用，对金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型链球菌、伤寒杆菌、弗氏痢疾杆菌、白喉杆菌、脑膜炎双球菌、卡他球菌均有较强的抗菌作用并有直接抑制流感病毒的作用，发汗解暑，行水散湿，温胃调中；
白芷： 有抗菌、抗炎作用，有祛风、燥湿、消肿、止痛功能，对鼻渊、头痛、眉棱骨痛、齿痛且对过敏性支气管哮喘有防治作用；
肉桂：有补火助阳，引火归源，散寒止痛，活血通经作用，并对肾虚作喘，阳虚眩晕，目赤咽痛，心腹冷痛，虚寒吐泻，寒疝，奔豚，经闭，痛经有效，肉桂油吸收后由肺排出，使粘液稀释，呈现祛痰镇咳作用；
藿香：芳香化湿，和胃止呕，祛暑解表，主湿阻中焦之脘腹痞闵，食欲不振，呕吐、泄泻，外感暑湿之寒热头痛，湿温初起的发热身困，胸闷恶心、鼻渊、手足癣；
薄荷： 驱风辛凉、芳香促透，对皮肤有脱敏、消炎和抗菌的作用，对上呼吸道感染亦有明显的止咳、消炎和抑菌作用，薄荷所特有的清凉芳香宜人的气味可掩饰和改善异味。
本发明技术方案中得到的产品用法是：症状初起，将本品搽布在鼻翼及其附近皮肤、鼻前庭粘膜上；伴有过敏性咳喘，加搽颈前即气管前皮肤、直达胸骨上凹(天突穴}。
本发明采用以上技术方案，以精制植物油为基质与经超临界CO2萃取的高纯度的草本精华制成的具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、祛风散寒、祛湿解表、宣肺化痰、止咳平喘作用。适用于外感风寒，特别是过敏性鼻炎、过敏性支气管哮喘引起的鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、憋气、咳喘，及其续发的副鼻窦炎。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，包括以下重量份原料萃取物与物理压榨的植物油混合的溶液，所述的萃取物浓度为25%：
辛荑15份，苍耳子10份，麻黄1份，细辛1份，香薷5份，白芷10份，肉桂5份，藿香5份，薄荷5份。
进一步的是：所述植物油为油茶籽油、芝麻油或者橄榄油中的任意一种。
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，经过以下工艺步骤：
1、选料：选取辛荑15份，苍耳子10份，麻黄1份，细辛1份，香薷5份，白芷10份，肉桂5份，藿香5份，薄荷5份，混合粉碎后过10目筛；
2、萃取：取200～400份的过筛混合物装入萃取釜中，再将萃取釜内充入液态CO2并开始调温升压，保持萃取釜内温度20～65℃、压力20～45MPa，萃取时间1～4小时，此时CO2气体变为液体，将药物混合物中易挥发的活性成份溶入液态CO2中；
3、分离：将混合成的溶液导入分离器内，分离器内压力4～12 MPA、温度25～65℃，液态CO2汽化，将渣质分离，得到萃取物；
4、稀释、包装：将萃取物取出与物理压榨的植物油勾兑成萃取物浓度为25%的溶液装入容器内，贴标、装箱，本产品针对儿童或青少年及轻微症状或易敏季节预防使用。
实施例2
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，包括以下重量份原料萃取物与物理压榨的植物油混合的溶液，所述的萃取物浓度为33.33%：
辛荑20份，苍耳子15份，麻黄5份，细辛5份，香薷10份，白芷15份，肉桂10份，藿香10份，薄荷10份。
进一步的是：所述植物油为油茶籽油、芝麻油或者橄榄油中的任意一种。
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，经过以下工艺步骤：
1、选料：选取辛荑20份，苍耳子15份，麻黄5份，细辛5份，香薷10份，白芷15份，肉桂10份，藿香10份，薄荷10份，混合粉碎后过10目筛；
2、萃取：取200～400份的过筛混合物装入萃取釜中，再将萃取釜内充入液态CO2并开始调温升压，保持萃取釜内温度20～65℃、压力20～45MPa，萃取时间1～4小时，此时CO2气体变为液体，将药物混合物中易挥发的活性成份溶入液态CO2中；
3、分离：将混合成的溶液导入分离器内，分离器内压力4～12 MPA、温度25～65℃，液态CO2汽化，将渣质分离，得到萃取物；
4、稀释、包装：将萃取物取出与物理压榨的植物油勾兑成萃取物浓度为33.33%的溶液装入容器内，贴标、装箱，本产品中的原料配比针对出现常规症状时使用，并且适和勾兑成25%～50%范围内所有浓度，效果最佳。
实施例3
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，包括以下重量份原料萃取物与物理压榨的植物油混合的溶液，所述的萃取物浓度为50%：
辛荑25份，苍耳子20份，麻黄10份，细辛10份，香薷15份，白芷20份，肉桂15份，藿香15份，薄荷15份。
进一步的是：所述植物油为油茶籽油、芝麻油或者橄榄油中的任意一种。
一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，经过以下工艺步骤：
1、选料：选取辛荑25份，苍耳子20份，麻黄10份，细辛10份，香薷15份，白芷20份，肉桂15份，藿香15份，薄荷15份，混合粉碎后过10目筛；
2、萃取：取200～400份的过筛混合物装入萃取釜中，再将萃取釜内充入液态CO2并开始调温升压，保持萃取釜内温度20～65℃、压力20～45MPa，萃取时间1～4小时，此时CO2气体变为液体，将药物混合物中易挥发的活性成份溶入液态CO2中；
3、分离：将混合成的溶液导入分离器内，分离器内压力4～12 MPA、温度25～65℃，液态CO2汽化，将渣质分离，得到萃取物；
4、稀释、包装：将萃取物取出与物理压榨的植物油勾兑成萃取物浓度为50%的溶液装入容器内，贴标、装箱，本产品针对出现急性发作或症状严重时使用。
Claims (6)
1.一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，其特征包括以下重量份原料萃取物与物理压榨的植物油混合的溶液，所述的萃取物浓度为25%～50%：
辛荑15～25份，苍耳子10～20份，麻黄1～10份，细辛1～10份，香薷5～15份，白芷10～20份，肉桂5～15份，藿香5～15份，薄荷5～15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，其特征是所述植物油为油茶籽油、芝麻油或者橄榄油中的任意一种。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油，其特征是萃取物原料重量配比为：辛荑20份，苍耳子15份，麻黄5份，细辛5份，香薷10份，白芷15份，肉桂10份，藿香10份，薄荷10份。
4.一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，其特征是经过以下工艺步骤：
（1）、选料：选取辛荑15～25份，苍耳子10～20份，麻黄1～10份，细辛1～10份，香薷5～15份，白芷10～20份，肉桂5～15份，藿香5～15份，薄荷5～15份，混合粉碎后过5～15目筛；
（2）、萃取：取200～400份的过筛混合物装入萃取釜中，再将萃取釜内充入液态CO2并开始调温升压，保持萃取釜内温度20～65℃、压力20～45MPa，萃取时间1～4小时，此时CO2气体变为液体，将药物混合物中易挥发的活性成份溶入液态CO2中；
（3）、分离：将混合成的溶液导入分离器内，分离器内压力4～12 MPA、温度25～65℃，液态CO2汽化，将渣质分离，得到萃取物；
（4）、稀释、包装：将萃取物取出与物理压榨的植物油勾兑成萃取物浓度为25%～50%的溶液装入容器内，贴标、装箱。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，其特征是所述的选料步骤中过筛目数为10目。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的一种防治过敏性鼻炎的九香油的制备方法，其特征是所述的选料步骤中萃取物原料重量配比为：辛荑20份，苍耳子15份，麻黄5份，细辛5份，香薷10份，白芷15份，肉桂10份，藿香10份，薄荷10份。
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