CN109641587A - Engine torque is smooth - Google Patents

Abstract

It describes the torque curve for estimating engine and/or is applied to the torque of powertrain by one or more devices in addition to engine itself to manage method, apparatus, estimator, controller and the algorithm of the net moment of torsion applied by engine and (one or more) other devices in a manner of reducing undesirable NVH for controlling.Described method is particularly well suited for in hybrid vehicle, wherein engine by skip run in a manner of igniting or other Dynamic ignition level modulations-however, they can be used in various other situations.In some embodiments, hybrid vehicle includes the motor/generator for applying smooth torque.

Description

Engine torque is smooth

Cross reference to related applications

This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/379,357 (TULAP063P), this application passes through Reference combines herein.

Technical field

This patent disclosure relates generally to using skip-ignition control under the internal combustion engine that runs as the hybrid electric vehicle of power , the hybrid vehicle also has another power source other than internal combustion engine.It has estimated and skips-ignition control formula The torque curve of engine, and carry out smooth torque curve using additional power source.

Background technique

The fuel efficiency of internal combustion engine can be greatly improved by changing the discharge capacity of engine.This allows when needed It can get peak torque, pumping loss can also be substantially reduced by using smaller displacement when not needing peak torque and changed Into the thermal efficiency.Implementing the most common process of modulated displacement engine now is substantially simultaneously deactivated one group of cylinder.In the method In, when wishing to skip combustion incident, intake valve associated with deactivated cylinder and exhaust valve remain turned-off and do not have Fuel injection.For example, 8 cylinder modulated displacement engines can deactivate the half (that is, 4 cylinders) in these cylinders, so that it is only It is run using remaining 4 cylinders.Obtainable commercially available modulated displacement engine typically only supports two kinds or extremely now More three kinds of discharge capacities.

Another engine control for changing the effective discharge of engine is referred to as " skip-light a fire " engine control System.In general, skip-igniter motor control is it is contemplated that be selectively skipped over certain cylinders during selected ignition timing Igniting.Therefore, specific cylinder can be ignited during a cycle of engine and then can be in next cycle of engine phase Between be skipped, and be then optionally skipped or light a fire during next cycle of engine.By this method, to effective hair The more precise controlling of motivation discharge capacity is possible.For example, maximum engine will be provided every two cylinder sparks in 4 Cylinder engines 1/3 effective discharge of discharge capacity, this is the score discharge capacity that can not be obtained by simply deactivating one group of cylinder.

U.S. Patent number 8,131,445 (it is incorporated herein by reference) teaches one kind and skips-ignition operation method, Allow to deactivate using single cylinder to average out any cylinder score to be fired.Skip at other-ignition method in, can be from one The specific igniting sequence of selection or igniting density in the obtainable igniting sequence of group or score.Skip-ignition mode of operation in, The usual severe of the torque capacity delivered depends on the score of igniting density or the combustion incident not being skipped.Dynamic skips igniting (DSF) control refers to following skipping-ignition operation: wherein for example, each ignition timing, each cycle of engine or with Decision of lighting a fire/skip is made in a dynamic fashion in some other interval.

In being referred to as the multistage some applications for skipping igniting, the circulation that works independently being ignited can be purposefully with not Same cylinder output level operation, that is, purposefully use different air inflow and corresponding fuel supply level.Citing comes It says, U.S. Patent number 9,399,964 (it is incorporated herein by reference) describes some such methods.Dynamically skipping in igniting The single cylinder control concept used also can be applied to the more charge horizontal engine operations of dynamic, wherein all cylinders are all ignited, But individually working cycles are purposefully run with different cylinder output level.Dynamic skips igniting and the more charge water of dynamic Flat power operation can be collectively referred to as different types of Dynamic ignition level modulation power operation, wherein each work The output (for example, skip/light a fire, is high/low, skipping/high/low etc.) for making to recycle is will be typically based on during the operation of engine What single cylinder by working cycles (by ignition timing) dynamically determined.It will be appreciated that the operation of Dynamic ignition horizontal engine is different In conventional variable displacement, in conventional variable displacement, when engine enters the operating status of discharge capacity reduction, the one of restriction Group cylinder is run in substantially the same manner, until engine transitions to different operating statuses.

It can introduce and not need using the combustion process and cylinder spark of skipping igniting or other igniting level modulation technologies Noise, vibration and sound vibration roughness (NVH).For example, engine can transfer vibrations to vehicle body, vibration herein can be by Vehicle occupant perceives.Sound can also be traveled in compartment by chassis.In certain operating conditions, the igniting of cylinder passes through Exhaust system and tail pipe generate undesirable acoustic effect.Therefore, vehicle occupant may vibration because of structure-borne or air The sound of propagation and undergo undesirable NVH.

The challenge for skipping igniter motor control is to obtain acceptable NVH performance.Although existing method work is good, Continue to make great efforts exploitation for managing the new and improved method of NVH during the operation of the igniting level modulation of engine.

Summary of the invention

Describe the torque curve for estimating engine and/or for controlling by one in addition to engine itself or Multiple devices are applied to the torque of powertrain to manage in a manner of reducing undesirable NVH by engine and (one It is a or multiple) other devices apply net moment of torsion a variety of method, apparatus, estimator, controller and algorithm.Described method It is particularly well suited for in hybrid vehicle, wherein engine to be to skip igniting or other Dynamic ignition level modulation sides Formula operation-is however, they can be used in various other situations.In some embodiments, hybrid vehicle includes applying The motor/generator of smooth torque.

In some embodiments, the instantaneous torque generated by engine is wherein expected in identification or instantaneous acceleration is more than specified Threshold value period.Then, reaction torque is applied in a controlled manner by energy source or remittance during the period identified To powertrain, so that expected powertrain net moment of torsion is no more than specified threshold value.In some embodiments, specified Threshold value can change according to engine speed and/or transmission gear.In some embodiments, reaction (smooth) torque with Short pulse applies, and the short pulse, which is timed to react on, skips igniting or the operation of Dynamic ignition level modulation in engine The torque spike that period generates.

In some hybrid vehicle embodiments, it is subjected to when estimated engine torque curve is confirmed as providing NVH when, only with the output of internal combustion engine come operation of hybrid vehicle.However, working as estimated engine torque curve When being confirmed as providing unacceptable NVH, using both internal combustion engine and auxiliary power source/remittance, wherein auxiliary power source/ Remittance is arranged to provide smooth torque so that NVH is reduced to acceptable level.

In some embodiments, each ignition timing update total engine torque curve and to the smooth torque of reaction really It is fixed, so that updating the demand and its magnitude to the smooth torque of reaction for each ignition timing.

It is skipped in igniting or other Dynamic ignition level modulation embodiments some, torque curve estimated value is used to select (effective) operation igniting score.In such embodiments, it may be needed when considering when the operation under igniting score accordingly Any smooth torque fuel efficiency meaning after, can the fuel efficiencies of more various candidate igniting scores wished with meeting The driving performance standard of prestige.

In some embodiments, it can be summed by the contribution to each operating room (for example, cylinder) to determine engine Torque curve.It in some embodiments, can be bent by selecting or determining the standardization torque of the operating status of specific cylinder Line is then based on present engine operating parameter scaling standardization torque curve to realize the torque curve of the cylinder.It is skipping During igniter motor is run, the standardization torque curve that is utilized will skip/ignition type point based on be directed to the specific cylinder Fire determines and changes.In some embodiments, standardization torque curve will be based at least partially on intake manifold pressure.Some In embodiment, standardization torque curve, such as engine speed, fire can be scaled by current operating parameter based on one or more Flower timing, valve timing/lift, engine ignition history, cylinder spark history etc..

In some embodiments, the selected harmonic wave point to identify torque curve is filtered to engine torque curve Amount.Then, filter result can be based on for being applied to the smooth torque of reaction of powertrain.In some such embodiments In, present engine parameter it can amplify filter result based on one or more.Can with delay filtering signal with prediction by The torque alignment that engine generates.The filtering signal amplified can be inverted and control for the torque signal based on reversion Electric motor/generator is to source/remittance torque.

In some embodiments, smooth torque can be used as one or more oscillations (for example, sinusoidal) signal and apply, and In other embodiments, the pulse that smooth torque can be used as the multiple portions for being intended to offset expected torque spike applies.

In various embodiments, can effectively apply smooth torque by device, described device by suitably increasing or Reduce their own load and draws energy from powertrain.Similarly, it can increased or decrease by adding torque to power The torque that the device of power train applies, effectively to provide desired smooth torque.It can subtract when using can not only add When removing device (such as, the motor/generator) of torque, any one of these methods can be used, or can be in torque tribute It offers and changes device between torque draw state to provide desired smooth torque.

Detailed description of the invention

By referring to the explanation provided below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention and its advantage can be best understood, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic illustration of the representative hybrid power train of embodiment according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic illustration of the representative control framework of the hybrid power train of embodiment according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show cylinder torque curve repeatedly lighting a fire in different MAP values, relative to crankangle.

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show the combustion stroke for different MAP values of embodiment according to the present invention, relative to The standardization torque curve of crankangle.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B show the compression stroke for different MAP values of embodiment according to the present invention, relative to The standardization torque curve of crankangle.

Fig. 6 shows the example table of embodiment according to the present invention, and this table show the standardization of different MAP values The value of torque curve.

Fig. 7 shows the example table of embodiment according to the present invention, and this table show different MAP values and engines The torque zoom factor of revolving speed.

The mean engine revolving speed in 4 Cylinder engines that Fig. 8 shows embodiment according to the present invention is 1500rpm and point Fiery score be 3/4 under, exemplary torque curve relative to crankangle.

Fig. 9 shows the torque curve of Fig. 8 for being converted to time domain of embodiment according to the present invention.

The second power source by hybrid power engine/remittance that Figure 10 shows embodiment according to the present invention is added to power The amount of power train (positive value) and the torque from powertrain removal (negative value).

Figure 11 shows the only internal combustion engine operation of embodiment according to the present invention and engine and the second power source are total to With the comparison of the total output driving torque between operation.

Figure 12 is the example of the method for selecting the highest igniting sequence of fuel efficiency of embodiment according to the present invention Property schematic flow diagram.

Figure 13 is the exemplary schematic flow diagram of the harmonic Elimination Method of embodiment according to the present invention.

Figure 14 shows the timeline of embodiment according to the present invention, the timeline illustrate particular duty cycle relative to The timing that the smooth torque of associated working cycles determines.

Figure 15 shows the exemplary filters characteristic of embodiment according to the present invention.

Figure 16 shows the suitable driving additional power of representative engine torque curve and embodiment according to the present invention Source/remittance gained filtering signal.

Figure 17 shows the inhibition to single order and second order frequency of embodiment according to the present invention.

Figure 18 A to Figure 18 D shows the cross compound turbine during igniting score transformation of embodiment according to the present invention Example.

In the accompanying drawings, identical structural detail is specified using identical appended drawing reference sometimes.It should also be clear that in attached drawing Description be it is graphic rather than in proportion.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described for using the internal combustion engine for skipping igniting or igniting level modulation control dynamic as one Power source reduces the NVH in hybrid power engine and improves the method and system of fuel efficiency.Auxiliary power source/remittance can be with Controlled way adds to powertrain and/or removes torque, this helps to reduce the NVH that engine generates.

Skipping igniting operation most generally includes cylinder deactivation, and wherein intake valve and exhaust valve are recycled in 4 Stroke Engines Nominal gas switching phase during remain turned-off.Execution cylinder, which deactivates, needs engine controller controls activated cylinders to deactivate member The power drill/driver of part exports.It, can be by the solenoid of actuating operation hydraulic fluid control valve come real for cam-operated valve Existing cylinder deactivation, the hydraulic fluid control valve allow valve tappet to keep rigidity (cylinder being ignited) or the collapse (gas being skipped Cylinder).Such system can referred to as " dally " deactivation system.Other mechanisms of cam-operated valve can be used to realize cylinder It deactivates.Alternatively, electromechanical actuator can be used to control intake valve and/or exhaust valve.It is unrelated with cylinder deactivation method, making Lighting a fire/misfire out between decision and the intake valve opening for cylinder of lighting a fire, there are time lags.

Skip the variation in ignition control internal combustion engine and irregular ignition mode will lead to some igniting sometimes Mode has unacceptable NVH.A kind of method of processing problems is not use to have notified to generate unacceptable NVH water Flat particular ignition score or igniting sequence.On the contrary, using other igniting scores or igniting sequence, and correspondingly adjust gas Cylinder output (for example, in advance by adjusting manifold absolute pressure, spark etc.), so that delivering desired engine output.These Permitted igniting score select based on their desired NVH property, i.e., when running under these igniting scores The NVH of generation is acceptable.It is described in commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application No. 13/654,244 and 14/638,908 This kind of various methods, the application combine herein in its entirety for all purposes.Commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application No. 14/992,779 (it is combined herein in its entirety for all purposes) describes for skipping additional power source/remittance and dynamic The integrated some system and method for ignition control formula engine.It forces and skips igniter motor only in a limited number of igniting score Lower operation reduces the fuel efficiency gain that can be realized by skipping ignition control, because moment of torsion control must use other causes Dynamic device, such as spark timing, MAP and cam.Torque output is controlled using these other actuators and is exclusively based on igniting The control of score is lower compared to generally fuel efficiency.

The application describe various control methods, wherein it is dynamic to be also applied to vehicle with generation other than internal combustion engine The mode of the smooth torque of power power train runs the second power source/remittance.Smooth torque be applied with help to eliminate or reduce by Any torque for the change in torque that internal combustion engine generates.Smooth torque can be by any suitable energy stores/capture/release Device generates.One example will be the electric motor/generator for having battery and/or capacitor to store and release energy.It replaces Any system for mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically storing and capturing/release energy or device can be used in Dai Di.For example, can It is gone to use flywheel with variable mechanical connector or with control and the fluid stream from turbine or similar device The high-pressure fluid reservoir of dynamic valve is captured from powertrain/is released energy.Apply smooth torque in some way, so that It at least partly reduces or eliminates by skipping the noise and vibration that igniting igniting sequence generates.

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the exemplary hybrid electrical vehicular power power train that can be used in conjunction with the invention With associated component.The figures illustrate the configurations of parallel hybrid electric powertrain, it is to be appreciated, however, that identical concept can To be applied to other hybrid power trains, including the electronic configuration of series hybrid, power distribute electronic configuration and hydraulic hybrid Configuration, but the greatest improvement of fuel efficiency is contemplated for the configuration of electric hybrid powering in parallel and serial.

Fig. 1, which is shown, skips ignition control formula engine 10, applies torque to powertrain drive shaft, the power Power train drive shaft is connected to speed changer 12, which then drives the selected wheel 20 of vehicle.Motor/generator 14 also joins It is connected to powertrain and electric power (thus effectively subtracting torque from drive shaft) can be generated simultaneously or engine is turned round Square is augmented, and it is to export to generate excessive torque or torsion relative to desired powertrain torque that this, which depends on engine, Square is insufficient.When engine generates excessive torque, excessive torque causes motor/generator 14 to generate electricity, and the electricity is by power electronic Device 26 is stored in energy storage device 24 after adjusting, which can be battery and/or capacitor.Function Rate electronic device 26 may include being suitable for for being converted to the output voltage on energy storage device 24 from motor/generator The circuit of 14 deliverings/reception power voltage.When the torque deficiency that engine generates, engine torque is appended by horse The torque for the energy production being previously stored in energy storage device 24 is used up to/generator 14.Use capacitor as energy Storage device 24 can cause the integrated fuel economy of vehicle to have bigger improvement because it largely avoid with Associated energy loss is charged and discharged to conventional batteries, this is being expected the storage of related frequency as in the present invention and is taking It is particularly advantageous when with circulation.

Fig. 2 shows be suitable for hybrid power transmission system of vehicle shown in control figure 1 according to specific embodiment Hybrid vehicle control system.Vehicle control system 100 includes control unit of engine (ECU) 130, internal combustion engine 150, powertrain 142 and additional power source/remittance 140.Additional power source/remittance may include power electronic device, motor/hair Motor and energy storage device.ECU 130 receives the input signal 114 for indicating desired engine output.Input signal 114 It can be as the request to the output of desired engine or torque and handle.Signal 114 can be from accelerator pedal position It sets sensor (APP) 163 or other suitable source (such as, cruise control, torque calculator etc.) receive or export.Optionally Preprocessor 105 can modify to it before accelerator pedal signal is delivered to engine controller 130.However, It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, accelerator pedal position sensor can be with 130 direct communication of engine controller.

ECU 130 may include igniting sequencer 202, torque model module 204, powertrain parameter module 206, ignition control unit 210 and NVH reduce module 208.These units and module are communicated with one another and are cooperated to control vehicle ?.Sequencer 202 of lighting a fire determines the sequence of the cylinder of engine 150 skipped and lighted a fire.Igniting sequence can be based on point The output of fiery score and delta-sigma converter generates, or can generate in any suitable manner, such as in the U.S. Patent 8,099,224,9,086,020 and 9, described in 200,587, the above patent is incorporated in its entirety by reference This.In operation, igniting sequencer can investigate fuel efficiency associated with various igniting sequences, and select meeting The igniting sequence of optimal fuel economy is provided while torque request.In some cases, powertrain torque can be by The supplement of power source/remittance 140 is reduced.Igniting sequencer output be can by the drive pulse signal 113 that bit stream forms, Wherein each 0 instruction is skipped, and each 1 instruction is directed to the igniting on associated cylinder spark opportunity, thus definition igniting sequence Column.Igniting associated with any ignition timing is generated before ignition timing to determine, makes to light a fire to provide time enough Control unit 210 properly configures engine 150, for example, the deactivated cylinder intake valve in the ignition timing being skipped.Torque mould Pattern block 204 is estimated based on igniting sequence and by the powertrain parameter that powertrain parameter module 206 determines to determine Torque.These powertrain parameters can include but is not limited to intake manifold absolute pressure (MAP), cam phase angle, spark Timing, exhaust gas recirculation level and engine speed.Powertrain parameter module 206 can be with pilot ignition control unit 210 Set selected powertrain parameter suitably to ensure that practical powertrain output is substantially equal to requested output.Point Fiery control unit 210 can be lighted a fire with activated cylinders.The output that torque model module 204 can be used in NVH reduction module 208 comes Determine NVH associated with any particular ignition sequence and powertrain parameter group.In some cases, NVH reduces module 208 can guide additional power source/140 pairs of remittance powertrain 142 addition or subtract torque.It will be appreciated that depicted in figure 2 Various modules can be combined or be configured in different ways, the allomeric function without will affect vehicle control system 100.

Torque curve

In order to determine whether that it is necessary to supply smooth torque and the smooth torque should be what, internal combustion engine is estimated Total torque curve be advantageous.The estimation must be completed in a manner of effective in accurate, calculating, allow to predict in real time Engine torque curve.It is then possible to determine what smooth torque (if any) needed using prediction torque curve.

In various methods, apply to the property of can choose the above smooth torque.That is, many igniting scores and igniting Sequence delivery has the engine torque curve of acceptable level of NVH, and does not therefore need to apply under those circumstances smooth Torque.In other cases, there may be undesirable level of NVH for igniting score or igniting sequence.In these cases, may be used To apply smooth torque so that NVH is reduced to acceptable level.In other cases, it can be used with acceptable NVH The different igniting scores or igniting sequence of characteristic.Smooth torque can be optionally used together with the igniting score or sequence.? In various embodiments, smooth torque system is arranged to the cost of energy of analysis available options and selects that NVH is also made to reach acceptable The horizontal highest method of fuel efficiency.

Single cylinder, standardization torque curve can be used come to the total torque curve for skipping ignition control formula internal combustion engine Modeling.The standardized curve for the cylinder for being ignited and skipping can be recorded in a lookup table.Can for it is various it is horizontal into Gas manifold absolute pressure (MAP) (such as, MAP increment is 10kPa) generates table.Can according to these tables by interpolated value come Determine median.It is then possible to based on standardization torque is scaled and shifted with several factors (such as, spark and cam phase angle) The estimation torque curve of each cylinder is determined, to control the opening and closing time of intake valve and/or exhaust valve.It can incite somebody to action Different standardized curves is used for the cylinder for being ignited and skipping.It, can be by with each when using different igniting levels The various criterion curve of different igniting levels is started and/or by being set based on used different sparks and cam with difference Mode scale and shift in different ways to model different igniting level.Phase (phasing) can suitably determined In the case of sum the estimation torque curves of all cylinders to obtain total engine torque curve.It is described herein Method can be used for determining engine torque with 0.5 ° of crank angular resolution, but as described below, usually can be with The time is calculated without significantly affecting model accuracy using more rough resolution ratio to reduce.

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show associated from two different MAP values of the engine run in certain velocity interval Torque curve.Fig. 3 A is the average MAP for 70kPa, and Fig. 3 B is the average MAP for 40kPa.In two kinds of situations Under, vertical scale is torque, and horizontal scale is engine crank angle.Two charts are both for the cylinder being ignited.This Torque curve is shown with 0.5 ° of crank angle increment in a little figures.Shown in various alone cycle curves indicate a certain range of hair Motivation revolving speed and cam angle degree.In all cases, spark timing has been adjusted to obtain optimal fuel efficient.

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B depict the cylinder torque curve of 4 Stroke Engines.Such engine is rotated in 720 ° of crank Middle completion cycle of engine.Cycle of engine can be divided into four-stage or stroke, i.e. air inlet, compression, burning (power) and row Gas.Each stroke extended 180 ° of crankangle rotating range.Stroke transformation corresponds to successive top dead-centre (TDC) and bottom dead centre (BDC) piston position.Torque herein is zero, because the lever arm on crankshaft is zero at TDC and BDC.

Show the peak torque compared with 30kPa, generated in combustion stroke at 70kPa the inspection of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B It is significant higher, because more air and fuel are induced into cylinder at the valve of higher MAP.Moreover, in smaller MAP value Under, the pumping loss indicated by the negative torque region in induction stroke is bigger.Igniter motor operation is skipped to tend to higher It is run under MAP value to minimize these pumping loss and thus improve fuel economy.

The torque curve under each MAP and cam angle degree can be standardized.Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B are respectively illustrated in cam angle Degree for 30 ° and the MAP that is averaged be 70kPa and 40kPa in the case where cycle of engine combustion stroke such standardization torque Curve.In these figures, vertical axis is standardization torque, and horizontal axis is crankangle.It is important, unexpected that observation be By the way that torque curve is normalized into highest instantaneous torque, all standardization torque curves associated with lighting a fire every time are for institute There is engine speed all substantially the same.Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B show cam angle degree be 30 ° and the MAP that is averaged be 70kPa and Such standardization torque curve of the compression stroke of cycle of engine in the case where 40kPa.In this figure, vertical axis is standard Change torque, and horizontal axis is crankangle.Again, all independent torque curves all have basically the same standardization torque Curve.Similar standardized curve can be generated with exhaust stroke for the induction stroke for the cylinder being ignited.

It is also possible to generate similar curve for the cylinder being skipped.The cylinder being skipped does not have power to generate combustion Burning or high-temp waste gas.Thus, when using low pressure gas spring, " air inlet " and " burning " stroke can have substantially similar song Line, " compression " and " exhaust " stroke is also such.The property of torque curve will depend on during the ignition timing being skipped Valve during the opportunity being skipped moves and changes.The cylinder being skipped can be deactivated, wherein one in intake valve and exhaust valve It is a or two remain turned-off during cycle of engine, so that being pumped through cylinder without air.If two during circulation A valve is all closed, then hot waste gas may be captured in the cylinder, or can discharge hot waste gas before closing valve.These situations It can be referred to as and form " low pressure " spring (exhaust gas is discharged before cylinder deactivation) or " high pressure " spring (by preceding ignition Exhaust valve is deactivated before being exhausted to capture exhaust gas).These situations will have the different torque curves that can be modeled.One In a little situations, the cylinder being skipped may not deactivate valve but may pump air and pass through cylinder.It again, can also be to this Situation modeling.In order to help to understand the present invention, following chart and description will assume the cylinder being skipped with " low pressure " spring mode Operation, but this is not required.

Fig. 6 shows table 400, is illustrated in a table format similar to shown in Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B The curve of curve.In table 400, row corresponds to crankangle, and arranges and correspond to different MAP values.Although can be used not The standardization of same type, but column are standardized in the table, so that identical as the associated curve covering of each MAP value Region.It can be each engine strokes (that is, the air inlet for the cylinder being activated, compression, burning (power) and exhaust) construction Individual table.It is also possible to which two different crankshafts for the cycle of engine being skipped rotate (that is, air inlet/compression rotation Rotated with compression/exhaust) the individual table of construction.Each stroke or the individual table of crankshaft rotation are useful, because taking Certainly in engine operational conditions, zoom factor can be difference between the different strokes in any given cycle of engine 's.

Due to any given igniting or skip associated standardization torque curve be it is known, can pass through Standardization torque curve is scaled with zoom factor appropriate to determine estimation torque curve associated with each ignition timing.Figure 7 show a part of the example table 500 for scaling standardization torque curve.Table entries with for given MAP (table Row in lattice) and the stroke of average engine speed (column in table) in the total torque that generates it is proportional.Started based on monitoring The vehicle sensors of machine revolving speed know the mean engine revolving speed in vehicle application in real time.Table shown in Fig. 5 is to be directed to 30 ° of cam phase angle.Other similar table can be constructed for other cam phase angles.In the engine using double cam In, the various combination of intake valve and exhaust valve timing can be used in different tables.

Influence of the spark timing to torque curve can be handled in different ways.A kind of method will be for different sparks just Duration is configured similarly to the table of table 400 and 500.Since spark timing is by the influence phase typically to other engine strokes To very little, it is therefore more likely that will only need the table of combustion stroke.The alternative method of processing spark timing will generate spark Timing multiplier, it can be multiplied by the value in table 500 to adjust spark timing.It in some embodiments, can be by using letter The influence of the cam phase angle of variation is integrated in torque model by single multiplier, rather than is constructed for different cam phase angles Alternative table 400 and 500.

Alternative method including spark timing is the actual torque curve indicated for various spark timings, as several Group cam and spark timing are configured similarly to one group of table 400 of table shown in Fig. 6.Then, actual torque curve is generated Required will be simple between the standardization torque curve of table 400 (Fig. 6) and the zoom factor of table 500 (Fig. 7) Multiplication step.

The standardization torque curve of table 400 is provided into any given cylinder multiplied by the appropriate zoom factor of table 500 The degree by crankangle as unit of torque curve real-time estimation.Once it is determined that estimation associated with each cylinder is turned round Square curve, being exactly one to the summation of single cylinder torque curve is simple thing.Cylinder curve will be in crankangle and because of this time side Face offset.For 4 cylinders, 4 Stroke Engines, cylinder spark will be shifted by 180 ° of crankangle.Phase associated with all cylinders After the summation lighted a fire and skipped be engine torque curve.Fig. 8 shows being averaged with 1500rpm under 3/4 igniting score The example of such engine torque curve of four cylinders, 4 Stroke Engines that engine speed is run.Vertical axis is from all Total net moment of torsion of cylinder, and horizontal axis is crankangle.In this example, it is repeated for every 720 ° of ignition mode.Every 720 ° There are three engine torque spikes 813, these torque spikes are associated with three cylinders that each cycle of engine is lighted a fire.Often The duration of a torque spike is relatively short.The ignition timing being skipped shows torque decline (dip).In this example, Cylinder load is about the 65% of its maximum value.Usually, it is fired with about 65% operation of maximum cylinder load with brake ratio is minimized Material consumption (BSFC) is corresponding.In cycle of engine, maximum instantaneous delivers torque and is greater than 175N*m, and there may be can not connect for this The NVH performance received.In the case where not adding smooth torque, it may be necessary to select the lower igniting score of fuel efficiency to provide Requested torque.

Scaling multiplier based on igniting history

In some embodiments, one or more additional multipliers based on igniting history can be used come further by standard Change torque curve model and more accurately zooms to delivered torque.These multipliers can be based on the igniting history of specific cylinder And/or the immediately igniting history on preceding engine ignition opportunity (igniting sequence).Engine skip igniting operation during, The torque capacity provided by any particular ignition will change according to both following: (a) the igniting history of specific cylinder；And (b) The immediately igniting history on preceding engine ignition opportunity.In general, specific cylinder is in its previous work when other conditions are equal Torque caused by being ignited after being skipped in recycling will be greater than same cylinder and be ignited in its previous working cycles Generated torque when being ignited later.This is partly due to follow in the subsequent work being ignited of the working cycles being skipped Circulation is between the valve actuation scheme followed between the subsequent working cycles being ignited of working cycles that another is ignited Difference.More specifically, when the working cycles being ignited are followed behind the working cycles that another is ignited, previous work is come from Making the exhaust valve recycled opening will be typically Chong Die with the intake valve opening in the latter working cycles.This causes and is wherein vented The air that valve opens the case where not Chong Die with intake valve opening different amount is introduced into cylinder, such as typically occurs at same When the working cycles being ignited in cylinder are followed behind the working cycles being skipped.Another factor for influencing air inflow is cylinder Cooling, this allows more air (and correspondingly fuel) to be introduced into the cylinder being ignited.When cylinder is lighted a fire in its first two When being skipped in opportunity, it may occur that even more cooling and air inflow (and therefore cylinder torque exports) can correspondingly into One step increases.In the case where every other parameter is equal, the igniting history based on the specific cylinder, not for same cylinder Torque output with ignition timing can change more than 10%.Typically, the immediately preceding working cycles of cylinder skip/point If fiery state has most significant influence-however, it is possible to be based on to torque output of the specific cylinder during particular duty cycle The skipping of dry previous working cycles/fired state influences to check.

Similarly, total cylinder igniting history can also influence the output of any specific cylinder spark.In general, when jumping When crossing the previous cylinder in cylinder spark sequence, it does not have associated induction event.When there is no induction event, Pressure in inlet manifold will slightly increase-and this is when causing the latter cylinder in cylinder spark sequence that induction event occurs Introduce more air.The influence shadow of induction event (that is, engine ignition history) associated with the cylinder before several Air inflow has been rung, single cylinder igniting history is somewhat like.Again, based on present engine igniting history, in cycle of engine The torque output of different ignition timings can change more than 10%.

It can be appropriate based on igniting history by using what is obtained from igniting history table or other compositions appropriate Multiplier illustrate the influence of either one or two of cylinder spark history and engine ignition history.

For example, following two table illustrates a specific table reality of the influence for illustrating engine ignition sequence Apply mode.First table illustrates multiplier, these multipliers be based on since the last time skips by the number of the igniting of generation. In this example, if the cylinder being currently ignited be to skip after first time igniting in engine ignition sequence, use 1.05 torque multiplier.Second of continuity point after if the cylinder being currently ignited is to skip in engine ignition sequence Fire then uses 1.01 torque multiplier.The third after if the cylinder being currently ignited is to skip in engine ignition sequence Secondary continuous ignition then uses 0.98 torque multiplier.Engine ignition sequence after if the cylinder being currently ignited is to skip In the 4th continuous ignition or higher, then use 0.96 torque multiplier.It will be appreciated that when using the igniting score greater than 1/2 When, this table is particularly useful, wherein igniting sequence caused by expected may include the multiple igniting in a line.

The number of igniting

It is multiple suitable in the ignition order before the cylinder being currently ignited to illustrate that the second table can be used The influence that sequence is skipped.In this table, the number continuously skipped occurred before current igniting is used as index.In this example In, it is skipped below if the cylinder being currently ignited is followed in engine ignition sequence in single, uses 0.98 multiplier.Such as The cylinder that fruit is currently ignited is followed in engine ignition sequence continuously to be skipped below twice, then uses 0.99 multiplier.Such as The cylinder that fruit is currently ignited is followed in engine ignition sequence continuously to be skipped below three times, then uses 1.03 multiplier.Such as The cylinder that fruit is currently ignited is followed in engine ignition sequence continuously to be skipped at four times or more times below, then using 1.04 Multiplier.It will be appreciated that when using the igniting score less than 1/2, this table is particularly useful, wherein sequence of lighting a fire caused by expected It may include repeatedly skipping in a line.

The number skipped

Specific multiplier used in above-mentioned engine ignition history table will based on multiple factors related with engine and Variation, such as inlet manifold dynamics, the property of engine and the characteristic for standardizing torque curve.

The igniting history that individual table can be used to determine multiplier appropriate to illustrate cylinder itself.It is hereafter illustrated Such table (table is suitable for using when the cylinder being ignited is skipped in its previous working cycles) benefit Use intake manifold pressure (MAP) and cam advance angle as its index.In this example, when manifold pressure is 50kPA and convex When wheel advance angle is 0 degree, 1.0 multiplier is used.If cam advance angle is 10 degree, 1.02 multiplier is used.If cam Advance angle is 30 degree, then uses 1.07 multiplier.If cam advance angle is 60 degree, 1.10 multiplier is used.It also is other Manifold pressure provides suitable value.When current intake manifold pressure and/or index value when front cam advance angle in the table Between when, interpolated value can be used to obtain more accurate multiplier.

Cam advance angle (degree)

Again, used specific multiplier will be changed based on a variety of characteristics related with engine.

Transform to time domain

In some embodiments, it may be desirable that information available in degree in crank angle domain is transformed to time domain.By crankangle The rough method that degree domain transforms to time domain is simply to use mean engine revolving speed.We obtain:

Δt_avg=Δ (crankangle)/(mean engine revolving speed) (equation 1)

For example, 0.5 ° of crankangle is equal to about 0.056msec if mean engine revolving speed is 1500rpm, and Degree in crank angle domain can easily be transformed to time domain.

Alternatively, the more accurate method that crankangle is transformed to the time can be used.Most of vehicles use engine Speed probe carrys out real-time monitoring engine speed.Sensor typically measures the successive label on the flywheel with engine rotation By the time between fixed sensor to determine engine speed.Label spacing typically has 6 ° of crankangle.Supply It will cause the variation of engine speed to the variation of the torque of powertrain, the variation of engine speed can be turned with engine Fast sensor measurement.For example, torque spike associated with cylinder spark will cause engine/vehicle to accelerate, and be skipped The associated torque of ignition timing under general who has surrendered cause engine/vehicle to slow down.

Engine controller can by the engine torque determined by previously described torque model it is nearest variation with most The engine speed variation closely measured is compared, and establishes correlation between the two.Then, controller can be directed to future Estimation torque curve extrapolate such relationship, to help degree in crank angle domain being transformed to time domain.It will be appreciated that degree in crank angle domain is then The transformation in domain is not limited to previously described method, but any suitable method can be used.

Fig. 9 shows the torque curve of Fig. 8 to time domain rather than the transformation in degree in crank angle domain.In this figure, vertical axis It is the torque applied, and horizontal axis is the time.Engine speed is included in then base with the variation of the torque of application In transformation.Total elapsed time 240msec in figure corresponds to identical three cycle of engine depicted in figure 8.In addition to inciting somebody to action Horizontal axis transforms to except time domain from degree in crank angle domain, and Fig. 9 further depicts the more rough model of resolution ratio.In such case Under, torque curve is modeled with 6 ° of crank increments rather than previously described 0.5 ° of increment.The result is that more like the torque curve of ladder. In practice, it has been found that 6 ° of modelings produce the enough resolution ratio for engine control and diagnostic purpose.Some In the case of in addition rougher resolution ratio (such as 12 °, 30 ° or even 60 ° of resolution ratio) may enough.Using rougher Resolution ratio the advantages of be the reduction of memory and calculating demand on control unit of engine.It should be noted that either using song Handle angle domain (Fig. 8) still uses time domain (Fig. 9), and the global shape of torque curve is all closely similar, is only generated by transformation Slight change.

The application of torque curve

The knowledge of torque curve can be advantageously used in many ways.Particularly, it can be used and upcoming point The knowledge of fiery opportunity associated torque curve controls the smooth torque applied parallel with powertrain, to eliminate or part The variation of ground elimination total output driveline torque.This smooth torque can be positive (adding torque to powertrain) or bear (subtracting torque from powertrain) or the two all have.Smooth torque can by motor/generator as previously described or The supply of some other component.

Engine controller can determine torque for the various igniting scores and igniting sequence for delivering requested torque Curve.Some possibility in these curves need to apply smooth torque to provide acceptable NVH characteristic.Then, engine control Device processed can select the score or sequence from group igniting score or igniting sequence, be asked with the offer of the smallest fuel consumption The torque asked.In general, selected igniting score or sequence will provide required torque, wherein each cylinder with its optimum efficiency or It is run close to its optimum efficiency.

One group of torque limit correction card can be constructed for different engine speed and transmission gear.These tables converge The permitted instantaneous torque of maximum for different service conditions is collected.If (torque as shown in Figure 9 is bent for torque curve Line) on any point be more than torque limit in correction card, then unless the power that smooth torque is applied to vehicle is passed Otherwise dynamic system does not allow the igniting score or igniting sequence.For example, if corresponding to 1500rpm engine speed and Calibration torque limit 917 when vehicle is in third gear is 110N*m, then would not allow for torque curve depicted in figure 9, Because maximum instantaneous value is significantly more than this value.

Other than torque limit correction card or torque limit correction card is replaced, other of NVH can be collected Measurement.For example, can determine the angular jerk (angular jerk) of torque, time-derivative for different torque curves.Such as Fruit angular jerk is more than some value in the frequency range of restriction, then sequence of lighting a fire may not be allowed to, or can be plus flat Slider square is to reduce angular jerk.In still other embodiments, the limit can be expressed to weight RMS vibration threshold.Namely It says, can determine the weighting RMS average value of instantaneous torque variation, and the value and the maximum weighting RMS that can be permitted can be shaken Dynamic threshold value is compared.

Figure 10 shows smooth torque, can be passed the power that the smooth torque is applied to vehicle by additional power source/remittance Dynamic system is to be reduced to the calibration limit for maximum instantaneous torque.In this figure, vertical axis is the torque applied, and horizontal axis It is the time.The torque of positive application indicates to be added to the torque of powertrain, and negative torque indicates driven power power train removal Torque.The period that there is the torque not applied, period of torque with negative application and just are shown to the inspection of Figure 10 Application torque period.Three successive negative torque periods 1013 in cycle of engine and the gas corresponding to internal combustion engine Three torque spikes 813 of cylinder igniting are more than that those of torque limit partly overlaps.One positive period of the torque of application with With the associated torsional channel of cylinder (torque trough) overlapping being skipped.The curve of smooth torque be can choose with basic The shape of upper matching torque curve associated with igniting cylinder.This leads to more repeated torque curve, can be felt Know for lower NVH.

It will be appreciated that those of negative torque pulse counteracting of engine torque spike 813 being smoothed in torque part is held The continuous time is very short, wherein each pulse corresponds to the crankshaft rotation less than 180 degree, and typically less than 90 degree of crankshaft rotation Turn.

It can control and caught so that they are equal with energy by additional power source/ahead power of remittance supply and the amount of negative power Obtain/store/the associated loss of release system is less.The amount that the control carried out by this method will lead to storage energy keeps opposite Ground is fixed on some level appropriate.If it is desired to more storage energies, then can increase drawn from powertrain it is dynamic The amount of power, and if it is desired to less storage energy, then can increase the amount for being delivered to the power of powertrain.Some In embodiment, the energy extracted from powertrain returns in circulation pattern and (subtracts loss), and the circulation pattern is in some feelings It is in the same cycle of engine under condition.More specifically, extracted energy preferably returns within the following period: this when Section be equal to crankangle associated with each ignition timing degree (herein referred to as ignition timing period) multiplied by The denominator of igniting score.In 8 Cylinder engines, each ignition timing is related to 90 degree of crankshaft rotation (ignition timing period) Connection；In 6 Cylinder engines, each ignition timing is associated with 120 degree of crankshaft rotation；And in 4 Cylinder engines, Mei Gedian Fiery opportunity is associated with the rotation of the crankshaft of 180 degree.Thus, for example, when the igniting score for the use of denominator being 5 in eight cylinder engine When (for example, 1/5,2/5,3/5,4/5), energy is preferably returned in 450 degree of crankshaft rotation (90*5) --- and with identical 4 Cylinder engines that score is run of lighting a fire will return to its energy in 900 degree (180*5) of crankshaft rotation.Certainly, wherein energy will The practical period being returned will change according to both numbers and operation igniting score that can use cylinder.

Figure 11 shows skipping ignition control formula engine and practice and of the invention skipping a fire control for no smooth torque The comparison of powertrain torque curve between standard engine.Dotted line only describes the torque curve (nothing times of internal combustion engine What is compensated).This curve and curve identical shown in Fig. 9.Solid line depicts the combined torque of engine and motor/generator Curve, the torque curve can not only add but also can remove torque to powertrain.Solid line depict engine with both can be with The combined torque curve of the motor/generator of torque can be removed to it again to powertrain addition torque.It is to pass through The smooth torque of Figure 10 is added to the acquisition of internal combustion engine torque curve.Instantaneous torque curve, which begins, to be shown to the inspection of Figure 11 Keep below 110N*m eventually (this is the limit in this example).It will be appreciated that torque limit is with engine speed and transmission gear Than and change, and might also depend on its dependent variable, the urgency of such as accelerator pedal is stepped on or anxious loose rate.

In some embodiments, it can be directed to and assume that multiple following ignition timings of different igniting scores or sequence of lighting a fire are true Surely torque curve is predicted.Relative to current ignition timing, prediction can at least will light a fire several times and extend to future.Preferably, Prediction extends to following remote enough, and engine controller/is activated/as being suitable for lighting a fire skipping and deactivates and starts Machine valve.This time in advance can correspond to 3 to 9 following ignition timings, this depends on engine speed and valve actuation mechanism.? Under some cases, longer and shorter two kinds of prediction periods can be used.In some embodiments, prediction torque curve can be It makes igniting decision and implements to extend in the period between igniting decision.

Engine controller can determine and deliver several in the igniting score or igniting sequence of requested torque Igniting score or the associated NVH of igniting sequence and fuel consumption.For some igniting score or igniting sequence, it may be necessary to flat Slider square is to provide acceptable NVH.Then, controller can choose according to the igniting score or igniting sequence and optionally Smooth torque runs engine, to provide acceptable NVH while minimize fuel consumption.Making igniting appropriate When the decision of score or sequence of lighting a fire, engine controller is also conceivable to its dependent variable, such as related to auxiliary power source/remittance Storage in the energy storage device of connection is horizontal, and the auxiliary power source/remittance provides smooth torque and goes to and deposit from energy The transfer efficiency of storage device.Engine controller can be used additional knowledge, the energy in such as energy storage device be from What internal combustion engine or some other power source (such as, the electric power networks in plug-in hybrid) obtained.Of the invention Using will allow to be run according to the igniting score not allowed previously, to improve fuel efficiency.

Figure 12 schematically illustrates the side of the highest igniting sequence of determination fuel efficiency of embodiment according to the present invention Method 1200.In this method, it can be generated by igniting sequencer 202 (Fig. 2) based on torque request at step 1210 One or more candidate igniting sequences.Candidate's igniting sequence can be generated by any of method, such as United States Patent (USP) 8, 099,224,9,086,020,9,200,587 and 9,200,575 and U.S. Patent application 14/638,908 and 14/704,630 Described in those of method, the above patents and patent applications by reference in its entirety combine herein.These sequences are entered Into torque model 1220.The also various engine parameters, such as spark timing, cam phase being input in torque model Angle, engine speed, MAP etc..At step 1230, torque model 1220 determines the torque curve of these candidate's igniting sequences. It is then possible to assess whether candidate igniting sequence needs smooth torque to provide acceptable level of NVH at step 1240.It can To be used for the setting of transmission for vehicles gear to carry out this assessment.If you do not need to smooth torque, then flow chart may proceed to step Rapid 1260.If necessary to smooth torque, then assess whether that there are enough storage energies in step 1250 to supply smooth torque. If available storage energy is insufficient, candidate igniting sequence cannot be used.If available energy is enough, this method into Row arrives step 1260, wherein comparing the fuel efficiency of assessed igniting sequence, and selects to provide the point of optimal fuel efficient Fiery sequence is as operation igniting sequence.Then, this method proceeds to step 1270, wherein according to selected operation igniting sequence come Run engine.It can be for each ignition timing repetition methods 1200 to determine optimum igniting sequence.

Smooth torque is generated to compensate the Xiang Yingyong that internal combustion engine change in torque is previously described torque model.? During engine is run, the variable for being input to model may include cam angle degree (control valve timing), MAP, engine speed, fire Flower timing, crankangle, igniting sequence and igniting score, these are known.Torque model can produce instant engine torque Curve.The instantaneous torque being aware of under specific crank angles, engine controller, which can control, to be needed for example to pass through generator The smooth torque for removing such as being added to by electric motor in powertrain from powertrain.Electric motor/power generation Machine is desirably integrated into the individual unit communicated with electrical energy storage device (such as, battery or capacitor).

In the description of figure 9 above to Figure 11, torque curve peace slider square is shown in the time domain.It will be appreciated that in other realities It applies in example, smooth torque can be determined and applied in degree in crank angle domain, rather than be transformed into time domain.This is in some applications It can be advantageous, because crankangle is always available for engine controller.In such embodiments, drawing for torque can relate to And " x " spend start and " y " degree terminate or the addition of torque can " m " spend start and " n " degree terminate.Such as Proposed by above, the value of " x, y, m, n " may be arranged to table and be determined according to current RPM.

Transient condition

The description of front, which is totally directed under nominal limit, selects engine ignition score, cylinder load during operation The optimal combination of peaceful slider square.Although this is critically important, be to skip-ignition control formula vehicle will be usually in permitted igniting Switching is between score to deliver required torque.The historical problem for skipping igniter motor and modulated displacement engine is always The unacceptable NVH generated during transformation (that is, variation of igniting score) between the number of cylinders of igniting.

Smooth torque can be applied during any transformation (such as, transformation associated with igniting score level is changed). Such as in Co-pending U.S. Patent Application 13/654,248,14/857,371 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application 62/296,451 Described in (the above application is combined herein in its entirety by reference), the transformation between igniting score level may be can not The source of the NVH of receiving.It can shorten required fringe time using smooth torque during those transformations and reduce and change Period consumes the use of the fuel of (waste) spark delay.

A kind of method of processing transient condition can be referred to as Harmonics elimination.In this method, by degree in crank angle domain FIR (finite impulse response (FIR)) bandpass filter that specially designs send the engine torque curve theoretically predicted, to mention Take the DSF frequency component for causing undue oscillation in real time.Previously described method can be used to determine engine torque curve.Filter Wave signal can be used for generating smooth torque via electric motor/generator, to reduce the variation of total output driveline torque.It can be with Filtering is realized using the one group of FIR filter that can be run parallel, each FIR filter is extracted specific in degree in crank angle domain Frequency band.Identical algorithm filter can be used to quantify under both stable state and transient condition in the advantages of harmonic Elimination Method It is vibrated as caused by DSF.

Harmonics elimination provides real-time target torque signal in a manner of numerically effective, which can be with For reducing vibration in hybrid vehicle applications.It may be particularly well adapted for use in micro-hybrid, and wherein starter motor is used as Motor/generator and energy storage capacity is limited.Such system can handle related to igniting score transformation Relatively small and short the duration torque demand of connection typically continues less than two seconds.

In order to apply Harmonics elimination, previously described method or any other suitable method can be used to determine torque Curve.Once determining for example, ECU makes " igniting " or " skipping " to cylinder, the engine parameter being based in crank domain is (all Such as, engine speed, MAP, cam angle degree etc.) generate torque waveform.It can be by combining the torque waveform of all cylinders come group Fill total torque waveform.It is then possible to which the guidance of total engine torque signal is run with extracting by DSF by one group of FIR filter Caused vibrational energy (harmonic wave).Since lower frequency is tended to influence with bigger NVH, filter group can be by The bandpass filter of a DSF rank and two DSF ranks in degree in crank angle domain forms.Filtering in degree in crank angle domain means one " frequency " of DSF rank and two DSF ranks can be relative to engine speed it is fixed, therefore filter parameter may not be needed with Engine speed is adjusted.FIR filter can have linear phase shift, so that the delay of all filters is all similar.This makes Distortion minimization in filtering signal.The filter value of engine torque curve can be used to help to generate in degree in crank angle domain Counter or smooth torque.When switching is between filter to realize smooth transition, gradually introduction (phase can be used In (phase out) function (sometimes referred to as cross compound turbine)) and is gradually exited.Alternatively, filtering signal can be guided logical Secondary filter is crossed to minimize the discontinuity during transient state.

Figure 13 shows the embodiment of harmonic Elimination Method.The input of this method includes various engine parameters, such as MAP, cam phase angle, engine speed and spark timing.The other input of model is igniting score or igniting sequence, is determined The upcoming mode skipped and lighted a fire of justice.These values are input into engine torque model as described earlier.Hair Motivation revolving speed and firing information can be input into filter coefficient determining module.The module is directed to interested various DSF Rank (for example, single order and second order) determines filter coefficient.It in some cases, can be in upcoming calculating using previous The filter coefficient used.The following torque curve and filter coefficient are input into filter group.The filter group can be Single FIR filter, or can be made of FIR filter array, each interested frequency band is a FIR filter.Make It is with the advantages of multiple FIR filters, it allows using different phase compensation to offset to powertrain generation Manage different phase shifts when torque.It is low in degree in crank angle domain to eliminate that filter group is configured to calculate smooth torque appropriate Rank torque oscillation.Filter coefficient used in the calculating can be sent to filter coefficient determining module in subsequent meter It is used in calculation.

The output of filter group is related to crankangle to time domain conversion module.The module can be used engine speed and be counted The following torque curve of calculation transforms to the time-domain signal of output with the crank domain signal by input.Conversion can be based simply on flat Equal engine speed, or the velocity variations being calculated based on torque curve calculated can be optionally included.Time domain turns The output of mold changing block can be related to the power electronic device unit 26 of motor/generator (see Fig. 1).Power electronic device unit 26 Motor/generator is controlled, which adds powertrain or subtract torque, such as by time domain conversion module signal Specified.Gained powertrain torque has been smoothed, and will cause the torque ripple of undesirable NVH to remove.

Figure 14 illustrates some temporal constraints needed for successfully practicing method described in Figure 13.When Figure 14 is shown Between line, timeline diagram with implement the associated decision point of some embodiments of method described in Figure 13, implementation window And engine location.At point D, to being to skip or lighting a fire, given cylinder is maked decision.Such as in the United States Patent (USP) of co-pending Described in application 14/812,370 (it is combined herein in its entirety by reference), which is usually to implement the decision What 3 to 9 ignition timings before were made.Generally it is desirable that minimum is being made igniting decision and is being implemented between igniting decision Lag is to improve engine response；However, the delay of this magnitude is enough for responsiveness vehicle control.Corresponding to point D Determine that the starting point of the working cycles of associated ignition timing is expressed as point S on the timeline of Figure 14.

Once making the decision skipped or lighted a fire, so that it may determine the cylinder torque curve of the ignition timing.In Figure 14, Time for calculating the torque curve is illustrated as window A.Filter group has known delay, delay table in Figure 14 It is shown as window B.This indicates the time needed for handling engine torque signal as the filter group of Figure 13.Window C table in Figure 14 Show the time needed for the filtering signal exported as motor/generator is transformed into the torque that power transmission is fastened.As long as window C's Endpoint is before point S (starting point of ignition timing), so that it may successfully implement method described in conjunction with Figure 13.Window in Figure 14 Mouth D indicates the additional unallocated time that can be used for completing the process if becoming necessary to.

Figure 15 shows the representative filter response of the various ignition fraction denominator for 4 cylinders, 4 Stroke Engines.Figure Column in 15 correspond to various igniting score n/2, n/3, n/4 and n/5, and wherein n is greater than zero and is less than the integer of denominator, and Molecule and denominator do not have common factor.The first row in Figure 15 indicates filter characteristic associated with the vibration of the single order of engine. Horizontal axis on these charts is the normalized frequency expressed with engine order.Herein, engine order corresponds to and starts Machine each rotation is a cylinder spark.Second row corresponds to second engine order machine vibration frequency.The third line corresponds to two filtering The combination frequency of device responds.The inspection of Figure 15 is shown for n/2, fundamental frequency is in 1 engine order, that is, 4 cylinders, 1/2 igniting score is in 4 Stroke Engines, engine each rotation is once lighted a fire.The case where for n/3, single order vibration The engine order in 2/3 is moved, for n/4, single order vibration is in 1/2 engine order, and for n/5, single order vibration Move the engine order in 2/5.Second order frequency is twice of the frequency of single order.The summation of two frequency responses is institute in bottom row The broader peak curve shown.In Figure 15, the shape of modulated whole filter coefficient, to be provided substantially for all filters Constant, linear phase shift.Although peak gain is generally near harmonic frequency, peak gain is not necessarily to completely right with these frequencies It answers.On the contrary, the gain under harmonic frequency can be set to the definition value 1 in example shown in fig.15, and adjust filter Wave device characteristic is to provide linear phase response.

Figure 16 shows the exemplary gained filtering signal for specific engines service condition.In this case, it sends out Motivation is run with the igniting score of 40 ° of cam phase angle, the speed of 1500rpm, the MAP of 50kPa and 2/3.In these conditions Under gained engine torque curve shown by the curve 1510 in Figure 16.As was expected, and curve 1510 is shown and point Associated two torque spikes of internal heat cylinder decline followed by torque associated with the cylinder being skipped.Red curve 1520 The filtering signal for 1 ° and 30 ° of crank angular resolution is respectively illustrated with purple curves 1530.These curves substantially phase Together, filtering signal value at most has 6% difference.Filtering signal indicates the relative insensitivity of filter discriminition: even if making With coarse resolution ratio, it is also possible to obtain accurate result.Coarse resolution ratio carries out calculating institute using reducing significantly The calculating time needed, for example, the time for determining that filtering signal has been spent under 1 ° of resolution ratio filters than determining under 30 ° of resolution ratio The time that wave signal has been spent is about 130 times.This allows the ECU or some other vehicle in the processing capacity and speed only with appropriateness It is calculated in real time in control module.

Figure 17 shows the gained inhibition to single order and second order vibration in powertrain.In the figure, horizontal axis It is engine order (by effectively standardized frequency), and vertical axis is the width of the powertrain vibration under the frequency Degree.Grey curves show response, without plus any smooth torque.Hair in 0.5 and 1 is shown to the inspection of the figure It is significantly vibrated under motivation order.Green curve shows gained powertrain vibration, wherein by Figure 16 shown in added Filtering signal generate smooth torque.As in the figure it is evident that single order and order Oscillating are almost eliminated.

The cross compound turbine technology as shown in Figure 18 A to Figure 18 D can be used to handle transient condition.Figure 18 A is one The filtering of filter group (being expressed as filter A) exports, and Figure 18 B is the filtering of second filter group (being expressed as filter B) Output.It is summed according to switching function illustrated in Figure 18 C to the output of the two filter groups.Figure 18 D is by Figure 18 C Shown in switching function weighting filter A and filter B filtering output summation.Although switching function quilt in Figure 18 C It is shown as linear, but this is not required.The use of cross compound turbine allows filtering signal seamless transitions during igniting score changes.

Some advantages of harmonic Elimination Method are that it automatically processes transient condition.Filtering can independently of engine speed and Cylinder load.It is energy efficient, because it only inhibits certain frequency components, this is especially heavy in micro-hybrid application It wants.Gradually introducing and gradually exit method can smoothly switching filter.In addition, this method has for determining filtering and increasing The low computing cost of benefit setting, and be all numerically effective for the use of two in calculating and memory.

It is exited from DCCO (cutting of deceleration cylinder)

The specific transient condition that can occur in skipping ignition control formula engine is DCCO (cutting of deceleration cylinder). It is described in Co-pending U.S. Patent Application number 15/009,533 (it is combined herein in its entirety by reference) The operation of ignition control formula engine is dynamically skipped during DCCO.The use of DCCO improves fuel economy, because slowing down Period cylinder when not having requested torque (for example, when not stepping on accelerator pedal) is not supplied with fuel.Relative to more The use of commonly (DFCO) (deceleration fuel cutoff), DCCO further improves fuel economy, because cylinder is in the DCCO phase Between be deactivated so that their not pumped airs.Oxidation/reduction needed for 3 yuan of catalytic converters of the air damage of pumping is flat Weighing apparatus, therefore it restores catalyst balance using that may be restricted and/or may need additional fuel.

A problem of DCCO is that inlet manifold is full of air during DCCO event.When requested torque again, high MAP It may cause high cylinder load, so as to cause torque soars (surge) and leads to unacceptable NVH.The solution party of this problem Case include by delay spark timing and/or skip some cylinders without deactivate valve come reduce engine efficiency with help to evacuate into Gas manifold.Both solutions have limitation.Delay spark reduces fuel economy.Air pumping is passed through into engine Aoxidize catalytic converter, this may need additional fuel to restore oxidation/reduction balance, again reduce fuel economy.

During exiting from DCCO event, MAP, which will usually drop to from atmospheric pressure or nearly atmospheric pressure, is suitble to delivering to be requested Torque value, such as 70 or 80kPa.Previously described torque model is determined for starting when exiting DCCO event Machine torque.In this case, MAP will change in successive cycle of engine.The beauty in co-pending can be used State's patent application 13/794,157,62/353,218 and 62/362, method described in 177, which changes MAP, to be modeled, the above application It is combined in its entirety herein by quoting.Other MAP estimation methods can be used.As MAP declines, the cylinder that is each ignited Output will usually be reduced in generally proportionate mode.

It can be eliminated by using smooth torque or reduce torque and soared.It can choose smooth torque, so that power passes Dynamic is that torque is gradually increased from zero (value during DCCO) towards requested torque level.Be previously described the case where in one A little situations are different, and smooth torque in this case will not necessarily show the circulation behavior of rule, and smooth torque will Torque is removed from powertrain usually during the transient state period associated with DCCO event is exited.With the moment of torsion being removed Associated energy can store in energy storage device (such as, capacitor or battery), and for being vehicle in future time Provide power.Apply during being exited from DCCO event and improves fuel efficiency from the smooth torque of additional power source/remittance And catalytic converter oxidation/reduction balance is not influenced.

More generally, it whenever there is the igniting score transformation from low ignition score to higher igniting score, can be used The control strategy of same type.These transformations, which have, generates the trend that soars of engine torque, this can be by by excessive-torque Some or all of absorb and mitigate in energy storage devices.Similarly, turn from high igniting score to low ignition score Become the torque decline that can cause in engine output.The energy from energy storage device can be used to come partially or completely Fill up the decline.

Attachment is controlled to help manageable torque

In most of examples given above, applied by bidirectional energy source/remittance (such as, electric motor/generator) flat Slider square, which, which can either add torque to powertrain, can draw torque from powertrain again, In excessive energy stores in storage device (such as, capacitor or battery).Although electric and hybrid vehicle is especially very well Ground is suitable for using smooth torque, but can pass through the master to certain attachmentes in non-hybrid vehicle in some cases Dynamic control is to obtain similar effect.For example, most of non-mixed power vehicle engines include alternating current generator.Work as power generation When, alternating current generator, which applies engine, to be loaded.During normal driving, alternating current generator is typically configured to power generation to electricity Pond charging.The output of the alternating current generator can be controlled by controlling the excitation winding electric current of alternating current generator.Therefore, one In a little embodiments, thus it is possible to vary the output of alternating current generator, come the side smooth torque to be effectively applied to powertrain Formula applies load to powertrain and unloads load.

When needing more power from engine, can reduce or remove alternator field current-, this will be caused Decline the output of alternating current generator, thus reduces the load that power transmission is fastened, this makes more torques can be used for power train. When needing less power from engine, can order alternating current generator generate more power, this is provided on the engine Higher load.Therefore, alternator field current can be adjusted in a manner of changing it in the load that power transmission is fastened System, to offset the vibration that induced torque soars.Pulse-width signal is typically used in driving alternator field current, and It can be controlled as generating the alternator output voltage of higher (or lower) easily to charge to battery and increase at once (or reduction) is added to be loaded by the dragging that alternating current generator is applied to powertrain.When battery capacity is very high and is not intended to When more battery chargings, it is negative to absorb electricity to open the device of such as backlight heater or front windshield heater etc It carries.In this way using alternating current generator such as from DCCO operation change back to engine skip igniting operation etc It is handled in especially effective in terms of torque soars.

Sometimes another attachment that can be used in a similar manner is the sky in the operating condition that wherein air-conditioning is just being run It adjusts.Specifically, since the accurate output of air-conditioning unit is not usually key, output can be modulated to provide Described torque smooth control function.

Other embodiments

Embodiments described above is mainly in the case where combining the background for the smooth torque for skipping igniting operation of engine Description.It will be appreciated, however, that described technology is applied equally to utilize more charges levels or other kinds of igniting charge In the embodiment for modulating engine operation.In addition, many described technologies can be used for traditional variable row in engine (during not only having included the transformation between different displacements but also including during the steady-state operation under specific discharge capacity) changes during amount operation Into operation.

Another application of above-mentioned torque model is engine calibration.Using the method, engine calibration is easier.Base To indicate what service condition provides in the engine speed and igniting score of each gear or the correction card for sequence of lighting a fire can The NVH of receiving.If it is more than permitted torque (that is, vibration calibration table is defeated that engine torque, which deviates (excursion), Out), then smooth torque can be added so that total torque curve is in acceptable level.

The present invention has been described in connection with the specified embodiments, it should be understood that, it is no intended to limit the invention to described reality Apply example.On the contrary, it is intended to cover replacing in the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims can be included in For example, modification and equivalent.The present invention can be practiced in the case where some or all of these no specific details.Separately Outside, well-known feature may and be not described in detail to avoid the present invention is unnecessarily obscured.For example, depending on two power The relative size in source, the memory capacity in auxiliary energy source and the mechanism for storing auxiliary energy, there are the mixed of many forms Power engine is closed, parallel type hybrid dynamic, serial mixed power, micro-hybrid, light hybrid, mixes and moves entirely Power.The present invention described herein is suitable for the hybrid vehicle of all these types.

According to the invention, it is possible to use various types of operating systems, programming language, computing platform, computer program and/ Or computing device implements component, process steps and/or data structure.In addition, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that In the case where the scope and spirit for not departing from inventions disclosed herein design, such as hardwired device also can be used, show The device of field programmable gate array (FPGA), specific integrated circuit (ASIC) etc..The present invention can also be tangibly embodied as depositing Store up one group of computer instruction on computer-readable medium (such as, memory device).

Claims (100)

1. a kind of method for controlling hybrid power engine, the hybrid power engine have internal combustion engine and auxiliary power Source/remittance, which comprises

Determine the torque curve of the internal combustion engine；

Determine whether the torque curve provides acceptable NVH；

When the torque curve is confirmed as providing acceptable NVH, only run with the output of the internal combustion engine The hybrid vehicle；And

When the torque curve is confirmed as providing unacceptable NVH, with the internal combustion engine and the auxiliary power Both source/remittances run the hybrid vehicle, wherein the auxiliary power source/remittance provides smooth torque so that NVH to be reduced to Acceptable level.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein the torque curve determines in the following manner:

Determine the standardization torque curve of each stroke of the cylinder in the engine, wherein the standardization torque curve Based on intake manifold pressure；

The standardization torque curve is scaled with the determination cylinder torque；And

Cylinder torque summation to all cylinders in the engine, to obtain total engine torque curve.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein the acceptable NVH limit corresponds to the instantaneous torsion in the torque curve The maximum value of square.

4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the maximum value of instantaneous torque is according to engine speed and transmission gear Position and change.

5. the method for claim 1, wherein the acceptable NVH limit corresponds to the RMS vibration threshold of weighting.

6. the method as described in claim 1 is executed in skipping during igniting is run for the engine.

7. method according to claim 2, wherein the scaling is based on engine speed, engine ignition history, cylinder point At least one of fiery history, spark timing, valve timing and lift of a valve.

8. a kind of method comprising:

Engine is run, the engine is a part of powertrain；

Torque or angular acceleration curve that engine generates are estimated during the operation of the engine；

Based on estimated torque or angular acceleration curve, instantaneous torque or the wink generated by the engine is wherein expected in identification Brief acceleration is more than the period of specified threshold value, and the specified threshold value is instantaneous torque threshold value or instantaneous acceleration threshold value；And And

Reaction torque from energy source or remittance is applied to the component of powertrain during the period identified, so that Expected total output driveline torque is no more than the specified threshold value.

9. method according to claim 8, wherein the specified threshold value becomes according to engine speed and transmission gear Change.

10. method according to claim 8, wherein use and skip sparking mode with the associated ignition timing period Current point of operation fire score runs the engine, and each identified period corresponds to when being no more than the ignition timing Section.

11. method according to claim 8 is during the operation of the engine to skip igniting or igniting charge water Heibei provincial opera operational mode executes.

12. method according to claim 8, wherein the substantial portion of the energy drawn from the powertrain is in correspondence In being returned to the powertrain in the period of circulation pattern associated with current point of operation fire score.

13. method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the circulation pattern is equal to related to the current point of operation fire score The ignition timing period of connection multiplied by it is described igniting score denominator.

14. a kind of method for the output for controlling powertrain, the powertrain include being configured to apply torque to The engine of the powertrain, which comprises

Determining expected engine torque curve associated with one or more sequences on engine ignition opportunity；

Determining whether the expected engine torque curve is predicted is more than one or more torques of specified torque spike threshold value The appearance of spike；And

For the torque spike predicted more than specified each of the torque spike threshold value, cause to apply reactive torque pulse Add to the powertrain, the reactive torque pulse is arranged to cause to be applied to the net moment of torsion of the powertrain not More than the specified torque spike threshold value.

15. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the reactive torque is applied by motor/generator.

16. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the specified torque spike threshold value is according to engine speed and speed change Device gear and change.

17. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein use and skip sparking mode with the associated ignition timing period Current point of operation fire score runs the engine, and each reactive torque pulse had less than the ignition timing period Duration.

18. method as claimed in claim 14 is during the operation of the engine to skip igniting or igniting charge Level modulation operational mode executes.

19. a kind of side of operation igniting score of determination for delivering desired engine output during engine is run Method, which comprises

(a) determining estimation torque curve, the estimation torque curve are divided under present engine service condition with candidate's igniting It is associated to deliver the desired engine output that number runs the engine；

(b) determine under the present engine service condition engine with during the candidate igniting score operation whether Smooth torque will be needed to meet NVH standard；

(c) fuel efficiency associated with candidate's igniting score is determined, wherein when needing smooth torque；

(d) step (a)-(c) is repeated for each of multiple candidate igniting scores；And

(f) the identified fuel efficiency of the candidate igniting score is based at least partially on to select the candidate igniting score In a candidate igniting score light a fire score as the operation, wherein to needing the candidate igniting of each of smooth torque Consider that the fuel efficiency for applying smooth torque influences in the determination of the fuel efficiency of score.

20. method as claimed in claim 19 further includes running the engine with the selected candidate igniting score.

21. method as claimed in claim 19, further include: when particular candidate igniting score needs smooth torque, determine Apply whether the smooth torque is practical, wherein when apply the smooth torque it is impracticable when, refusal is by the candidate point Fiery score is thought of as the operation igniting score.

22. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein each torque curve is based at least partially on intake manifold pressure, hair Motivation revolving speed, camshaft phase and spark timing.

23. method as claimed in claim 19, in which:

Each torque curve is compared with torque limit associated with the engine is run under the current operating condition Compared with to determine whether need smooth torque for this torque curve；And

The smooth torque is reaction torque, is contemplated to prevent with the associated candidate igniting score runtime Between the torque that is delivered be more than the torque limit.

24. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the method is in the engine to skip ignition mode of operation operation Period executes.

25. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the method is in the engine with more charge level run modes It is executed during operation.

26. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein being chosen as the candidate igniting score for running igniting score is Igniting score candidate with the optimal fuel economy for delivering the desired engine output.

27. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the smooth torque is the filtered version of the torque curve.

28. a kind of method that estimation has torque curve of the engine of multiple operating rooms during engine operation, institute It states engine to be arranged to run by the sequence of ignition timing, each ignition timing has corresponding working cycles, the work Circulation has corresponding operating status, each associated standardization torque curve of operating status, which comprises

It determines or selection is bent corresponding to the standardization torque of operating status of the selected operating room during selected working cycles Line；

It is based at least partially on the standardization torque curve that scaling corresponds to the operating status of the selected operating room Determine the torque curve of the selected operating room, wherein the scaling is according to one or more present engine operating parameters And change；And

It sums the torque curve of the operating room of all engines to obtain estimated total engine torque curve, is asked The torque curve of sum includes the torque curve of the selected operating room.

29. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein carry out torque curve in skipping during igniting is run for the engine Estimation, and the standardization torque curve is based at least partially on and associated with the selected working cycles skips/point Fiery formula igniting determines.

30. method as claimed in claim 29, wherein the standardization torque curve is based at least partially on inlet manifold pressure Power.

31. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the standardization torque curve is based at least partially on inlet manifold pressure Power.

32. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the scaling change institute according to it is one or more of current Engine operating parameter includes engine speed.

33. method as claimed in claim 31, wherein scaling change institute according to one or more of current powers Machine operating parameter includes spark timing and valve timing.

34. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the engine includes crankshaft, and the standardization torque curve It is in Crank angle domain with total torque curve.

35. method as claimed in claim 34 further includes that the total torque curve is transformed to time domain.

36. method as claimed in claim 35, wherein the transformation of the total torque curve to the time domain is based on total torsion Square curve considers the influence of the variation of the revolving speed of the engine.

37. method as claimed in claim 28, further include:

The selected harmonic component to identify the torque curve is filtered to total engine torque curve；And

The smooth torque of reaction is determined to be applied to the powertrain including the engine, thus in the engine NVH is reduced during operation.

38. method as claimed in claim 28 further includes making in the selection to desired operation igniting score With the estimated total torque curve.

39. method as claimed in claim 28, further include:

Determine whether predicted engine torque will be more than torque limit using the total torque curve；And

When determining the predicted engine torque will be more than the torque limit, determination will prevent the predicted hair Motivation torque is more than the smooth torque of reaction of the torque limit.

40. method as claimed in claim 39 further includes applying the reaction during the operation of the engine to put down Slider square.

41. method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the smooth torque of reaction by electric motor or electric motor/ Generator applies.

42. method as claimed in claim 39, wherein the torque limit is according in engine speed and transmission gear At least one and change.

43. method as claimed in claim 39, wherein the torque limit corresponds to the instantaneous torque in the torque curve Maximum value.

44. method as claimed in claim 43, wherein the maximum value of instantaneous torque is according to engine speed and speed changer Gear and change.

45. method as claimed in claim 39, further include: to effective igniting to join with the total torque curvilinear correlation Score is run in the determination of the prediction fuel efficiency of the engine using the smooth torque of the identified reaction.

46. method as claimed in claim 45, further include: make in the selection to desired operation igniting score With the prediction fuel efficiency.

47. method as claimed in claim 40, wherein each ignition timing updates the institute to total engine torque curve Estimation and the determination to the smooth torque of the reaction are stated, so that updating for each ignition timing flat to the reaction The demand and its magnitude of slider square.

48. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the standardization torque curve is further according to engine ignition history It is scaled at least one of cylinder spark history.

49. a kind of internal combustion engine of estimation Dynamic ignition level modulation control, torque curve relative to crankangle side Method, which comprises

It is each stroke of the determining piston moved back and forth in the cylinder, opposite for each cylinder of the engine In the standardization torque curve of crankangle, wherein the standardization torque curve is based on intake manifold pressure；

The standardization torque curve is scaled with the determination cylinder torque；And

Cylinder torque summation to all cylinders in the engine, to obtain total engine torque curve.

50. method as claimed in claim 49, wherein the scaling is based at least partially on engine speed.

51. method as claimed in claim 50, wherein the scaling is also based in part in spark timing and valve timing extremely Few one.

52. method as claimed in claim 49 comprising by the torque curve relative to crankangle be transformed to relative to The torque curve of time.

53. method as claimed in claim 52, wherein crankangle to time transformation include the engine revolving speed according to The influence of the variation of the torque curve.

54. method as claimed in claim 49, wherein the scaling is based at least partially on engine ignition history and cylinder At least one of history of lighting a fire.

55. a kind of model for the torque that use is generated by internal combustion engine reduces the side of the vibration generated by the engine Method, which comprises

It is determined based on the model for having made but the prediction engine torque of still unenforced decision of lighting a fire/skip is bent Line；

The prediction torque curve is filtered；

Engine parameter sets gain block based on one or more；

Time delay is added to the signal through filtering, so that it is aligned with the prediction torque generated by the engine；

The filtering torque signal is inverted；And

Electric motor/generator is controlled based on the torque signal of the reversion as source/remittance of torque.

56. a kind of in the method for controlling transformation of the engine between different igniting scores in hybrid vehicle, the mixing Power car has internal combustion engine and additional power source/remittance, which comprises

When the engine is run with the first igniting score, the second target for being different from the first igniting score is determined Igniting score；

Determine the igniting sequence for changing between the first igniting score and the second igniting score；

Determine engine torque curve associated with the igniting sequence；And

During the transformation from the first igniting score to the second target ignition score, apply from described additional The smooth torque of power source/remittance.

57. method as claimed in claim 56, wherein the smooth torque is arranged to cause predicted powertrain Net moment of torsion is no more than threshold value instantaneous torque through the transition process.

58. method as claimed in claim 56, wherein the smooth torque is the filtered version of the torque curve.

59. a kind of method that operation has internal combustion engine and additional power source/remittance vehicle, the engine has and can swash Operating room that is living and reactivating, and the engine and additional power source/remittance output are combined in powertrain, The method includes during the operation of the engine:

All operating rooms are deactivated in response to no engine torque request, so that the work when crankshaft rotation No one of room operating room is ignited and is pumped through the operating room without air；

Receive torque request；

Engine torque curve is determined based on the torque request；And

Determine the smooth torque to be applied by the additional power source/remittance, the smooth torque and the engine torque are in institute It states in power transmission system of vehicle and combines, passed with the period that reactivates of at least one operating room in the engine operation room It send the requested torque and keeps acceptable NVH performance.

60. method as claimed in claim 59, wherein the vehicle is hybrid vehicle, and the additional power source/ Remittance is motor/generator.

61. method as claimed in claim 59, wherein the additional power source/remittance is used as the alternating current generator of power remittance.

62. method as claimed in claim 59, wherein the additional power source/remittance is used as the air-conditioning unit of power remittance.

63. method as claimed in claim 59, wherein the smooth torque is arranged to cause predicted powertrain It is reactivated described at least one operating room of the net moment of torsion in the engine operation room instantaneous no more than threshold value Torque.

64. a kind of method for reducing powertrain torque when exiting DCCO event in hybrid vehicle and soaring, described Hybrid vehicle, which has, is connected to both internal combustion engine and additional power source/remittance of the powertrain, the method Include:

It is exited for the DCCO event and determines that the engine torque of prediction soars；And

Apply the smooth torque from the additional power source/remittance during the DCCO is exited to turn round to remove from powertrain Square soars at least partly react on predicted engine torque.

65. the method as described in claim 64, wherein the smooth torque is arranged to cause predicted powertrain Net moment of torsion is exited through the DCCO event no more than threshold value instantaneous torque.

66. the method as described in claim 64, wherein the additional power source/remittance is electric motor/generator.

67. it is a kind of control power device method, the power device include have the engine of crankshaft with selected from by exchange send out The attachment of the group of motor and compressor of air conditioner composition, which comprises

With engine described in Dynamic ignition level modulation mode operation；

Determine expected engine torque curve associated with having one or more sequences on igniting opportunity；And

The attachment is controlled to be based at least partially on the expected torque curve and come either directly or indirectly on the crankshaft Apply the load of variation.

68. the method as described in claim 67, wherein the load of the variation is to reduce the side of the magnitude of driveline vibrations Formula applies.

69. the method as described in claim 67, wherein with during the operation of the Dynamic ignition level modulation mode, institute It is synchronous with the variation of the expected torque curve during cycle of engine to state being supported on for variation, mode is reduced in institute Changed during stating cycle of engine by the net moment of torsion that the combination of the engine and the attachment is applied to driving system.

70. the method as described in claim 69, wherein the load of the variation is arranged to cause by the engine and institute The powertrain net moment of torsion predicted for stating attachment application is no more than threshold value instantaneous torque.

71. the method as described in any one of claim 1,2,6 or 7, wherein the acceptable NVH limit corresponds to the torsion The maximum value of instantaneous torque in square curve.

72. the method as described in claim 71, wherein the maximum value of instantaneous torque is according to engine speed and speed changer Gear and change.

73. the method as described in any one of claim 1,2,6 or 7, wherein the acceptable NVH limit corresponds to weighting RMS vibration threshold.

74. the method as described in any one of claim 8,9,12,13 or 71 to 73, wherein with skipping sparking mode to have There is the current point of operation fire score of associated ignition timing period to run the engine, and each identified period pair Ying Yu is no more than the ignition timing period.

75. the method as described in any one of claim 8 to 10,13 or 71 to 74, wherein drawn from the powertrain Energy substantial portion correspond to circulation pattern associated with current point of operation fire score period in be returned to institute State powertrain.

76. the method as described in claim 75, wherein the circulation pattern is equal to related to the current point of operation fire score The ignition timing period of connection multiplied by it is described igniting score denominator.

77. the method as described in any one of claim 14,15 or 17, wherein the specified torque spike threshold value according to Engine speed and transmission gear and change.

78. the method as described in any one of claim 19,20 or 22 to 27, further include: when particular candidate igniting score It when needing smooth torque, determines and applies whether the smooth torque is practical, wherein the smooth torque is impracticable when applying When, the candidate igniting score is thought of as the operation igniting score by refusal.

79. the method as described in any one of claim 19 to 21,23 to 27 and 78, wherein each torque curve at least portion Divide ground based at least one of intake manifold pressure, engine speed, camshaft phase and spark timing.

80. the method as described in any one of claim 19 to 22,24 to 27 and 78 to 79, in which:

Each torque curve is compared with torque limit associated with the engine is run under the current operating condition Compared with to determine whether need smooth torque for this torque curve；And

The smooth torque is reaction torque, is contemplated to prevent with the associated candidate igniting score runtime Between the torque that is delivered be more than the torque limit.

81. the method as described in any one of claim 19 to 27 or 78 to 80, wherein the smooth torque is the torque The filtered version of curve.

82. the method as described in any one of claim 28,29 or 31 to 48, wherein the standardization torque curve is at least It is based in part on intake manifold pressure.

83. the method as described in any one of claim 28 to 30,32 to 48 or 82, wherein the standardization torque curve It is based at least partially on intake manifold pressure.

84. the method as described in any one of claim 28 to 31,33 to 48 or 82 to 83, wherein the scaling becomes Change institute according to one or more of present engine operating parameters include engine speed.

85. the method as described in any one of claim 28 to 32,34 to 48 or 82 to 84, wherein scale the institute that changes According to one or more of present engine operating parameters include spark timing and valve timing.

86. the method as described in any one of claim 28 to 48 or 82 to 85, wherein the standardization torque curve is into one Step is scaled according at least one of engine ignition history or cylinder spark history.

87. the method as described in any one of claim 28 to 36,38 to 48 or 82 to 86, further include:

The selected harmonic component to identify the torque curve is filtered to total engine torque curve；And

The smooth torque of reaction is determined to be applied to the powertrain including the engine, thus in the engine NVH is reduced during operation.

88. the method as described in any one of claim 28 to 38 or 82 to 87, further include:

Determine whether predicted engine torque will be more than torque limit using the total torque curve；

When determining the predicted engine torque will be more than the torque limit, determination will prevent the predicted hair Motivation torque is more than the smooth torque of reaction of the torque limit；And

Apply the smooth torque of the reaction during the operation of the engine.

89. the method as described in claim 88, wherein the smooth torque of reaction by electric motor or electric motor/ Generator applies.

90. the method as described in claim 88 or 89, wherein the torque limit is according to engine speed and transmission gear At least one of and change.

91. the method as described in any one of claim 88 to 90, wherein the torque limit corresponds to the torque curve In instantaneous torque maximum value.

92. the method as described in any one of claim 88 to 91, wherein the maximum value of instantaneous torque is according to engine Revolving speed and transmission gear and change.

93. the method as described in any one of claim 88 to 92, further include: to with the total torque curvilinear correlation The identified anti-work is used in the determination for the prediction fuel efficiency that effective igniting score of connection runs the engine With smooth torque.

94. the method as described in any one of claim 88 to 93, wherein each ignition timing is updated to total engine The estimation of torque curve and the determination to the smooth torque of the reaction, so that being updated pair for each ignition timing The demand and its magnitude of the smooth torque of reaction.

95. the method as described in claim 49 or 50, wherein the scaling is based at least partially on spark timing and valve timing At least one of.

96. the method as described in any one of claim 49 to 51 or 95 comprising by the torque relative to crankangle Curve is transformed to the torque curve relative to the time, wherein the transformation of crankangle to time includes the revolving speed root of the engine According to the influence of the variation of the torque curve.

97. the method as described in any one of claim 49 to 53 or 95 to 96, wherein the scaling is based at least partially on At least one of engine ignition history and cylinder spark history.

98. the method as described in any one of claim 59 to 62,64 or 66, wherein the smooth torque is arranged to cause Make the described heavy of at least one operating room of the predicted powertrain net moment of torsion in the engine operation room New activation is no more than threshold value instantaneous torque.

99. method as described in any one of the preceding claims is during the operation of the engine to skip igniting Operational mode or igniting charge level modulation operational mode execute.

100. a kind of engine controller is arranged to the method executed as described in any one of the preceding claims.