CN109641400B - Wind turbine blade with improved glue joint and related method - Google Patents

Wind turbine blade with improved glue joint and related method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109641400B
CN109641400B CN201780038763.7A CN201780038763A CN109641400B CN 109641400 B CN109641400 B CN 109641400B CN 201780038763 A CN201780038763 A CN 201780038763A CN 109641400 B CN109641400 B CN 109641400B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
blade
leading edge
blade shell
wind turbine
shell portion
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN201780038763.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109641400A (en
Inventor
K.西斯拜
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LM Wind Power AS
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LM Wind Power International Technology II APS
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Publication of CN109641400A publication Critical patent/CN109641400A/en
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Publication of CN109641400B publication Critical patent/CN109641400B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/636—Internally supporting the article during joining using a support which remains in the joined object
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7826—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1228—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one monotone curved joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/324—Avoiding burr formation
    • B29C66/3242—Avoiding burr formation on the inside of a tubular or hollow article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/541—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles a substantially flat extra element being placed between and clamped by the joined hollow-preforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0025—Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings
    • B29D99/0028—Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings hollow blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
    • B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
    • B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/221—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis
    • F05B2240/2212—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis perpendicular to wind direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a wind turbine blade and a method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade, wherein the wind turbine blade is manufactured as a composite structure comprising a reinforcement material embedded in a polymer matrix, the method comprising: providing a first blade mold having a first blade shell portion with a leading edge, a trailing edge and a first leading edge gluing surface at the leading edge, the first blade mold comprising a first leading edge flange; providing a second blade mould having a second blade shell section with a leading edge, a trailing edge and a second leading edge gluing surface at the leading edge, the second blade mould comprising a second leading edge flange; applying glue to the leading edge gluing surface; providing one or more leading edge spacing elements at the leading edge flange; arranging a second blade mould on the first blade mould such that the one or more leading edge spacing elements are arranged between the first and second leading edge flanges; applying pressure to the second blade shell portion; and curing the glue.

Description

Wind turbine blade with improved glue joint and related method
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of manufacturing wind turbine blades. In particular, the present disclosure relates to wind turbine blades and manufacturing of wind turbine blades, wherein the wind turbine blades are manufactured as a composite structure comprising a reinforcement material embedded in a polymer matrix.
Background
Fibre reinforced polymer wind turbine blades, and in particular the aerodynamic shells of wind turbine blades, are typically manufactured in moulds, wherein the pressure and suction sides of the blade are manufactured separately by arranging glass fibre mats and/or other reinforcing materials, such as carbon fibres, in each of the two mould parts. The two halves are then glued together, typically by means of an inner flange portion. Glue is applied to the inner face of the lower or first blade shell half before the upper or second blade shell half is dropped thereon. Furthermore, one or two reinforcing profiles (webs or beams) are usually attached to the inner side of the lower blade half before being glued to the upper blade half. Glued joints, also called glued joints, are known to represent weak links in the structural integrity of wind turbine blades.
Wind turbine blades and thus blade moulds for moulding blade shell parts have become longer and longer for many years and blades are now marketed having a length of more than 70 metres. Due to the large size it becomes increasingly complex to manufacture wind turbine blades without defects, which may be detrimental to the mechanical strength of the wind turbine blade and which may require that the manufactured wind turbine blade has to be scrapped or to a large extent post-treated.
GB 2529439 a discloses the joining of a first part of a wind turbine blade to a second part of the wind turbine blade, wherein the first part has a first mounting surface and the second part has a second mounting surface and one or more apertures. The disclosed method includes providing a positioning device shaft extending from a first mounting surface; arranging the first and second portions opposite each other; inserting one end of a positioning device shaft through an aperture in the second mounting surface; disposing an adhesive between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface; applying a clamping force between the first and second parts using the locating means to move them closer together to squeeze the adhesive therebetween; and providing a stop element between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface to maintain a minimum spacing to set the bond height.
GB 2529186 a discloses a method of bonding a shear web to a wind turbine blade shell. The method involves providing a seal on a mounting flange of the shear web such that when the mounting flange is positioned against the blade shell, a cavity is defined by the seal between the mounting flange and the blade shell. The cavity is then evacuated by a vacuum apparatus and the adhesive is injected into the cavity.
WO 2011/000381 a2 discloses a method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having a first part with a first joining surface and a second part with a second joining surface. The method includes applying at least one resin barrier layer to one or both of the joining surfaces, and then positioning the first and second components adjacent to each other so that they are joined by the at least one resin barrier layer. Thereby, at least one cavity is formed between the first joining surface and the second joining surface. Subsequently, the resin is filled into the at least one cavity and the resin is cured.
EP 2527128 a2 discloses a method for joining a first prefabricated part and a second prefabricated part of a wind turbine blade, comprising the steps of: providing a manageable band of adhesive material in the uncured state along marked traces on a bonding area of one of said sections, the width and height of said band and the spacing between said traces being determined such that the predetermined spacing between said bands after bonding comprises a margin of between 0 and 300 mm; and bonding the two parts together under predetermined pressure and temperature conditions.
WO 2015/165967 a1 discloses a system and a method of manufacturing a part of a wind turbine blade. The method uses adhesive spacer elements to ensure a minimum bond line height between wind turbine blade components. Prior to bonding, adhesive spacer elements are positioned between the blade components and act to define a buffer portion or space between the bonding surfaces of the respective blade components.
EP 2468470 a1 discloses a mould for a non-metallic wind turbine blade shell comprising two mould halves, upper and lower, hinged by a pivot system and equipped with reinforcing ribs of an air duct system held thereon, and which is divided laterally into at least two parts, which are joined together with some fastening ribs.
WO 2014/048440 a1 discloses a method of applying adhesive to a wind turbine part which defines a vehicle travel path in relation to the part and provides a vehicle on the vehicle travel path. The vehicle is configured to apply adhesive along a bond line defined on the bonding surface of the portion. The method includes supplying adhesive to the vehicle, applying adhesive along the bond line by causing the vehicle to travel along a vehicle travel path, and varying a speed of the vehicle along the vehicle travel path to control an amount of adhesive applied at successive locations along the bond line.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, there is a need for a system and method that will improve the strength of the glued joint of a wind turbine blade. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a joining system and method of blade shell parts to solve the above problems, in particular to provide a wind turbine blade with reduced weight and adhesive usage, while improving the performance of the bond area/glue joint in the wind turbine blade.
A method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade is provided, wherein the wind turbine blade is manufactured as a composite structure comprising a reinforcement material embedded in a polymer matrix, the method comprising: providing a first blade mold having a first blade shell portion with a leading edge, a trailing edge and a first leading edge gluing surface at the leading edge, the first blade mold comprising a first leading edge flange; and providing a second blade mould having a second blade shell section with a leading edge, a trailing edge and a second leading edge gluing surface at the leading edge, the second blade mould comprising a second leading edge flange. The method includes applying glue to one or more gluing surfaces, optionally including a leading edge gluing surface, e.g., a first leading edge gluing surface and/or a second leading edge gluing surface; providing one or more spacing elements, e.g., one or more leading edge spacing elements at a leading edge flange; arranging a second blade mould on the first blade mould, e.g. such that the one or more leading edge spacing elements are arranged between the first and second leading edge flanges; optionally, applying pressure to the blade shell portion, e.g. the first blade shell portion and/or the second blade shell portion; and curing the glue.
Also provided is a wind turbine blade comprising a first blade shell portion and a second blade shell portion, wherein each blade shell portion is made of a composite structure comprising a reinforcement material embedded in a polymer matrix, each blade shell portion extending from a tip end to a root end and having a leading edge and a trailing edge, the wind turbine blade comprising a main web and one or more main spacing elements arranged between the blade shell portion and the main web.
The disclosed wind turbine blade and method allow for optimization of glue usage by enabling more precise control of glue thickness in the glue joint(s), such as the leading edge glue joint and/or the glue joint between the blade shell portion and the web. Thus, the amount of glue may be reduced and/or the requirements on glue properties (e.g., strength, thickness working range, curing time, and/or viscosity) may be reduced, which in turn reduces material cost and/or weight. In addition, an optimized glue joint may reduce cycle time. Even more advantageously, the present disclosure enables a glued joint with improved mechanical strength due to improved control of the glue thickness.
The method includes providing a first blade mold having a first blade shell portion with a leading edge, a trailing edge, and a first leading edge gluing surface at the leading edge, the first blade mold including a first leading edge flange. Typically, the first blade shell portion in the first blade mold includes excess first material on the first leading edge flange of the first blade mold. Excess first material is typically removed in the post-processing of the wind turbine blade.
The method comprises providing a second blade mould having a second blade shell section with a leading edge, a trailing edge and a second leading edge gluing surface at the leading edge, the second blade mould comprising a second leading edge flange. Typically, the second blade shell portion in the second blade mold includes excess second material on the second leading edge flange of the second blade mold. Excess second material is typically removed in the post-treatment of the wind turbine blade.
The method comprises applying glue to one or more gluing surfaces, such as a leading edge gluing surface of the first blade shell portion and/or the second blade shell portion. Applying glue to the gluing surface(s) may be before arranging the second blade mould on the first blade mould.
The method comprises providing one or more leading edge spacing elements at a leading edge flange, e.g. a first leading edge flange of a first blade mould and/or a second leading edge flange of a second blade mould. The leading edge spacer element may have a thickness in the range of 1mm to 10mm, e.g. about 3 mm. The leading edge spacer element may be compressible, e.g., having a first thickness in a first state (free or uncompressed) and a second thickness in a second state (compressed). The first thickness may be in a range from 5mm to 5 cm. The second thickness may be in the range from 1 to 10 mm. Providing one or more leading edge spacing elements at the leading edge flange may comprise providing a leading edge sealing member at the first leading edge flange and/or the second leading edge flange, e.g. for sealing the first blade mould and the second blade mould at the leading edge. Thus, the spacer element may be or comprise a sealing member. The compressible spacer elements allow sealing of blade moulds having different leading edges. The leading edge spacer element(s) can be configured to provide a controlled distance between the first leading edge gluing surface and the second leading edge gluing surface to be glued together. In one or more methods/wind turbine blades, the leading edge spacer element(s) is/are configured to provide a controlled distance in the range of 1mm to 10mm between the first leading edge gluing surface and the second leading edge gluing surface to be glued together.
The method comprises arranging a second blade mould on the first blade mould, for example by letting the second blade mould fall on the first blade mould. The second blade mold may be arranged on the first blade mold such that the one or more leading edge spacing elements are arranged between the first leading edge flange and the second leading edge flange.
Furthermore, the method comprises applying pressure to the second blade shell part, thereby ensuring that the gluing surfaces of the respective wind turbine blade parts (blade shell part and web) are pushed towards each other, while the spacer element(s) ensure that the gluing surfaces are not too close and leave too little room for glue.
Subsequently, the glue is cured and optionally the pressure on the second blade shell portion is released, e.g. after curing the glue.
The method may comprise aligning the leading edges of the first and second blade shell portions before applying pressure to the second blade shell portion, e.g. during or in the act of arranging the second blade shell mould on the first blade mould. Due to differences in blade moulds, the manufacture of large wind turbine blades having complex shapes in the blade mould presents challenges when assembling the blade shell parts. By aligning the leading edge, e.g. compared to using the "reduced total error" principle, a wind turbine blade with improved aerodynamic properties is achieved.
The method may include disposing a primary web on the first blade shell portion. Arranging the primary web on the first blade shell portion may comprise arranging one or more first primary spacing elements between the first gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the first blade shell portion. Arranging the primary web on the first blade shell portion may comprise applying glue between the first gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the first blade shell portion, e.g. before, during and/or after arranging the first primary spacing element(s).
The first primary spacer element(s) may have a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 mm. The first primary spacer element may be compressible, e.g. having a first thickness in a first state (free or uncompressed) and a second thickness in a second state (compressed). The first thickness may be in the range of 5mm to 5 cm. The second thickness may be in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
The method may comprise arranging one or more second main spacing elements between the second gluing surface of the main web and the main gluing surface of the second blade shell portion. The method may comprise applying glue between the second gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the second blade shell part, e.g. before, during and/or after arranging the second primary spacer element(s).
The second primary spacer element(s) may have a thickness in the range of 1 to 10mm, e.g. about 3 mm. The second primary spacer element may be compressible, e.g. having a first thickness in a first state (free or uncompressed) and a second thickness in a second state (compressed). The first thickness may be in the range of 5mm to 5 cm. The second thickness may be in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
The use of a spacer element between the blade shell portion and the web(s) allows optimization of the glue use by enabling a more precise control of the glue thickness in the glued joint between the blade shell portion and the web. Thus, the amount of glue may be reduced and/or the requirements on glue properties (e.g., strength, thickness working range, curing time, and/or viscosity) may be reduced, which in turn reduces material cost and/or weight. Furthermore, an optimized glued joint of blade shell parts/webs may reduce cycle time. Even more advantageously, the present disclosure enables a glued joint of blade shell parts/webs with improved mechanical strength due to improved control of the glue thickness.
The method may comprise providing one or more trailing edge spacer elements at the first trailing edge flange of the first blade mould or at the second trailing edge flange of the second blade mould. The trailing edge spacer element may have a thickness in the range of 1mm to 10 mm. The trailing edge spacer element can be compressible, e.g., having a first thickness in a first state (free or uncompressed) and a second thickness in a second state (compressed). The first thickness may be in the range of 5mm to 5 cm. The second thickness may be in the range from 1 to 10 cm. Providing one or more trailing edge spacer elements at the trailing edge flange may comprise arranging trailing edge sealing members at the first trailing edge flange and/or the second trailing edge flange, e.g. in order to seal the first blade mould and the second blade mould at the trailing edge. Thus, the spacer element may be or comprise a sealing member. The compressible spacer elements allow sealing of blade moulds having different leading edges. The method may comprise arranging a second blade mould on the first blade mould such that the one or more trailing edge spacing elements are arranged between the first and second trailing edge flanges.
The combination of the spacing element, e.g. leading edge spacing element(s), main spacing element(s) and/or trailing edge spacing element(s), and the pressure on the second blade shell part provides a well defined glue joint of the wind turbine blade, allowing control of the thickness of the glue joint.
The spacer element(s) can be configured to provide a controlled distance between the gluing surfaces to be glued together, such as between the first leading edge gluing surface and the second leading edge gluing surface.
In this method, applying pressure to the second blade shell part may comprise applying a negative pressure to the inside of the wind turbine blade. In the present context, the term "underpressure" refers to a situation where the enclosed volume (e.g. inside the wind turbine blade) has a lower pressure than its surroundings. For example, the pump device may apply a negative pressure to the inside of the wind turbine blade, e.g. to obtain a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the wind turbine blade. The pressure difference may be in the range of 50mbar to 500 mbar. In one or more exemplary methods, the pressure is a negative pressure, wherein a pressure difference between an inside of the wind turbine blade and an outside of the wind turbine blade is in a range of 100mbar to 200 mbar.
Applying pressure to the second blade shell section may comprise applying a positive pressure to an outer surface of the second blade shell section. For example, the pump device may apply a positive pressure to the outer side of the wind turbine blade (second blade shell part), e.g. to obtain a pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the wind turbine blade. The pressure difference may be in the range of 50mbar to 500 mbar. In one or more exemplary methods, the pressure is a positive pressure, wherein a pressure difference between an inside of the wind turbine blade and an outside of the wind turbine blade is in a range of 100mbar to 200 mbar.
In one or more exemplary methods, the second blade shell portion may be pushed by means of a mechanical actuator in contact with the second blade shell portion. Thus, applying pressure to the second blade shell portion may comprise contacting the outer surface with the actuator and pressing the second blade shell portion towards the first blade shell portion. Furthermore, applying pressure to the second blade shell portion may comprise fixing the actuator inside the second blade shell portion and drawing the second blade shell portion towards the first blade shell portion.
The wind turbine blade includes a first blade shell portion and a second blade shell portion, wherein each blade shell portion is made of a composite structure including a reinforcement material embedded in a polymer matrix, each blade shell portion extending from a tip end to a root end and having a leading edge and a trailing edge. The first and second blade shell portions may each comprise one or more spar caps, e.g. a main spar cap and optionally a secondary spar cap.
The wind turbine blade includes one or more webs, including a primary web. The main web may be arranged between the main spar caps of the first and second blade shell portions. The wind turbine blade comprises one or more primary spacing elements arranged between the blade shell portion and the primary web. In one or more exemplary wind turbine blades, the one or more primary spacer elements comprise one or more first primary spacer elements arranged between the first gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the first blade shell part. The primary adhesive surface of the first blade shell portion may be on a primary (main) spar cap of the first blade shell portion.
In one or more exemplary wind turbine blades, the one or more primary spacing elements comprise one or more second primary spacing elements arranged between the second gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the second blade shell part. The major gluing surface of the second blade shell portion may be on a major (main) spar cap of the second blade shell portion.
The primary spacing element, e.g. the first primary spacing element(s) and/or the second primary spacing element(s), may have a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
The wind turbine blade may comprise a secondary web and one or more secondary spacing elements arranged between the blade shell portion and the secondary web. The secondary webs may be arranged between the main spar caps of the first and second blade shell portions, for example, to form a box-shaped load bearing structure having a primary web and a main spar cap. In one or more exemplary wind turbine blades, a secondary web may be arranged between the spar caps of the first and second blade shell portions, e.g. to form two I-shaped load bearing structures in the wind turbine blade.
The blade shell part/wind turbine blade extends from a root end to a tip end and comprises a root region, a transition region and an airfoil region. The transition area of the blade shell part/wind turbine blade comprises a shoulder defining the maximum chord of the blade shell part/wind turbine blade.
The present disclosure advantageously relates to the manufacture of blade shell parts, wind turbine blades and wind turbine blades (e.g. having a blade length of at least 40 meters, or at least 45 meters or even at least 50 meters). The blade shell parts may be pre-bent so that in an unloaded state, when assembled to a wind turbine blade and mounted on a horizontal wind turbine in an upwind configuration, they will bend forward out of the rotor plane so as to increase the clearance of the tip from the tower. The blade shell portion has a tip end and a root end, having an inner surface and an outer surface. The inner surface of the blade shell part is the surface of the blade shell part that is not exposed to the surrounding environment when assembled to the wind turbine blade. The outer surface of the blade shell part is the surface that is exposed to the surrounding environment when the blade shell part is assembled to the wind turbine blade.
Drawings
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings, in which:
figure 1 shows a wind turbine in which the wind turbine,
figure 2 shows a schematic view of a wind turbine blade,
figure 3 shows a schematic view of an airfoil profile,
figure 4 shows a schematic view of a wind turbine blade from above and from the side,
figure 5 shows in part the manufacture of a wind turbine blade according to the invention,
fig. 6 shows, in part, the manufacture of a wind turbine blade according to the invention, an
Fig. 7 shows in part the manufacture of a wind turbine blade according to the invention.
Illustration of the drawings
2 wind turbine
4 tower frame
6 nacelle
8 hub
10 blade
14 blade tip
15 distal end section
16 blade root
17 root end face
18 leading edge
20 trailing edge
22 pitch axis
24 pressure side blade shell part/upwind blade shell part/first blade shell part
26 suction side blade shell part/downwind blade shell part/second blade shell part
28 bond line/glue joint
29 level
30 root zone
32 transition region
34 airfoil region
50 airfoil profile
52 pressure side/upwind side
54 suction side/downwind side
56 leading edge
58 trailing edge
60 chord
62 arc/center line
70 first blade mould
72 first blade shell portion
74 leading edge
76 first leading edge gluing surface
78 first mold shell
80 first leading edge flange
82 second blade mould
84 second blade shell section
86 leading edge
87 second leading edge gluing surface
88 second mold shell
89 second leading edge flange
90 glue
91 gluing flange
92 leading edge spacer element
94 first excess material
96 directions
98 second excess material
100 wind turbine blade inner side
102 main web (shear web)
104 first glued flange
106 second glue flange
108 first main spar cap
110 first main spacing element and glue
112 auxiliary web (shear web)
114 first glue flange
116 second glue flange
120 first secondary spacer element and glue
122 second main spacing element and glue
124 second main spar cap
126 second pair of spacer elements and glue
cChord length
d t Location of maximum thickness
d f Position of maximum arc
d p Location of maximum pressure side arc
fArc of
LBlade length
rLocal radius, radial distance from blade root
tThickness of
Root diameter of blade
ΔyPrebending
X longitudinal axis.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to the manufacture of a blade shell part of a wind turbine blade for a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT).
Fig. 1 shows a conventional modern upwind wind turbine according to the so-called "danish concept", having a tower 4, a nacelle 6 and a rotor with a substantially horizontal rotor shaft. The rotor comprises a hub 8 and three blades 10, the blades 10 extending radially from the hub 8, each having a blade root 16 closest to the hub and a blade tip 14 furthest away from the hub 8. The rotor has a radius denoted R.
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of an exemplary wind turbine blade 10. The wind turbine blade 10 has the shape of a conventional wind turbine blade having a root end and a tip end and comprises a root region 30 closest to the hub, a profiled or airfoil region 34 furthest away from the hub, and a transition region 32 between the root region 30 and the airfoil region 34. The blade 10 comprises a leading edge 18 facing the direction of rotation of the blade 10 when the blade is mounted to the hub, and a trailing edge 20 facing the opposite direction of the leading edge 18.
The airfoil region 34 (also referred to as the profiled region) has an ideal or almost ideal blade shape in relation to generating lift, whereas the root region 30 has a substantially circular or elliptical cross-section due to structural considerations, which makes it easier and safer to mount the blade 10 to the hub, for example. The diameter (or chord) of the root area 30 may be constant along the entire root area 30. The transition region 32 has a transition profile that gradually changes from the circular or elliptical shape of the root region 30 to the airfoil profile of the airfoil region 34. The chord length of the transition region 32 generally varies with distance from the hubrIs increased. The airfoil region 34 has an airfoil profile with a chord extending between the leading edge 18 and the trailing edge 20 of the blade 10. Width of chord according to distance from hubrIncreasing and decreasing.
The shoulder 40 of the blade 10 is defined as the location where the blade 10 has its maximum chord length. The shoulder 40 is generally provided at the boundary between the transition region 32 and the airfoil region 34.
It should be noted that the chords of different sections of the blade are generally not coplanar, as the blade may twist and/or curve (i.e. pre-bend), thus providing a chord plane with a correspondingly twisted and/or curved course, which is most often the case in order to compensate for the local speed of the blade depending on the radius from the hub.
The wind turbine blade 10 comprises a shell comprising two blade shell parts made of fibre-reinforced polymer, and typically manufactured as a pressure side or upwind blade shell part 24 and a suction side or downwind blade shell part 26, which are glued together along a bond line/glue joint 28, the bond line/glue joint 28 extending along the trailing edge 20 and the leading edge 18 of the blade 10. Typically, the root ends of the blade shell portions 24,26 have a semi-circular or semi-elliptical outer cross-sectional shape.
Fig. 3 and 4 depict parameters that may be used to illustrate the geometry of a blade shell portion manufactured according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view of an airfoil profile 50 of a typical blade of a wind turbine plotted with various parameters, which are typically used to define the geometry of the airfoil. The airfoil profile 50 has a pressure side 52 and a suction side 54 which, during use, i.e. rotation of the rotor, generally face towards the windward (or upwind) side and the leeward (or downwind) side, respectively. Airfoil 50 has a chord 60, chord 60 having a chord lengthcExtending between the leading edge 56 and the trailing edge 58 of the blade. The airfoil 50 has a thicknesstWhich is defined as the distance between the pressure side 52 and the suction side 54. Thickness of airfoiltVarying along chord 60. The deviation from the symmetrical profile is given by a camber line (camber line)62, which camber line 62 is the centerline through the airfoil profile 50. The centerline may be found by drawing an inscribed circle from the leading edge 56 to the trailing edge 58. The midline is along the center of these inscribed circles, and the deviation or distance from chord 60 is referred to as the arcf. Asymmetry may also be defined by using parameters called upper camber (or suction side camber) and lower camber (or pressure side camber), which are defined as the distances from the chord 60 to the suction side 54 and pressure side 52, respectively.
The airfoil profile is typically characterized by the following parameters: chord lengthcMaximum arcfMaximum arcfPosition ofd f Maximum airfoil thicknesstMaximum diameter, maximum thickness of an inscribed circle along mean camber line 62tPosition ofd t And a nose radius (not shown). These parameters are typically defined as chord lengthscThe ratio of (a) to (b). Thus, local relative blade thicknesst/cGiven as the local maximum thicknesstWith local chord lengthcThe ratio of (a) to (b). In addition, the position of the maximum pressure side arcd p May be used as a design parameter and, of course, the location of the maximum suction side arc is also possible.
Fig. 4 shows further geometrical parameters of the blade and the blade shell part. The blade and blade shell portions have a total blade length L. As shown in fig. 3, the root end is located at position r =0, and the tip end is located at position r =0r=LTo (3). The shoulder 40 of the blade shell portion is in placer=L w And has a shoulder widthWEqual to the chord length at the shoulder 40. The diameter of the root is defined as X. Furthermore, the blade/blade shell part is provided with a pre-bend, which is defined as ΔyWhich corresponds to an out-of-plane yaw from the pitch axis (pitch axis)22 of the blade.
Fig. 5 shows in part the manufacture of a wind turbine blade according to the invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-section perpendicular to a pitch axis of a portion of a blade mold having a blade shell portion. A first blade mold 70 having a first blade shell portion 72 is provided. The first blade shell portion 72 has a leading edge 74, a trailing edge (not shown), and a first leading edge glue surface 76 at the leading edge 74. The first blade mold includes a first mold shell 78 and a first leading edge flange 80. Furthermore, a second blade mould 82 with a second blade shell section 84 is provided. The second blade shell section 84 has a leading edge 86, a trailing edge (not shown), and a second leading edge gluing surface 87 on the inner side of the second blade shell section at the leading edge 86. The second blade mold 82 includes a second mold shell 88 and a second leading edge flange 89.
Glue 90 is applied to the first leading edge gluing surface 76 on the gluing flange 91 and a leading edge spacing element 92 is provided at the first leading edge flange 80 of the first blade mould 70 on the first excess material 94 of the first blade shell part 72. Upon application of glue 90 and provision of leading edge spacing elements 92, the second blade mould 82 is arranged on the first blade mould 70 by dropping the second blade mould 82 with the second blade shell portion 84 on the first blade mould 70 in the direction indicated by arrow 96 such that the leading edge spacing elements 92 are arranged between the first leading edge flange 80 and the second leading edge flange 89.
Fig. 6 partly shows the manufacture of a wind turbine blade according to the invention. The first blade mold 70 is disposed on the second blade mold 82 by aligning the leading edge 74 of the first blade shell portion 72 and the leading edge 86 of the second blade shell portion 84 and dropping the second blade mold 82 onto the first blade mold 70. The second blade mold 82 is disposed on the first blade mold 70 such that the leading edge spacing element 92 is disposed between the first leading edge flange 80 and the second leading edge flange 89. The leading edge spacing element 92 is disposed between the first excess material 94 of the first blade shell portion 72 and the second excess material 98 of the second blade shell portion 84, and is configured to control a distance between the first leading edge gluing surface 76 and the second leading edge gluing surface 87. After the second blade mould 82 is arranged on the first blade mould 70, pressure is applied to the second blade shell part 84 by applying a negative pressure to the inner side 100 of the wind turbine blade. In one or more exemplary methods, pressure is applied to the second blade shell portion 84 by applying positive pressure to the outer surface of the second blade shell portion 84, for example, via one or more pressure valves in the second mold shell 88. The negative or positive pressure is applied, for example, such that the pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the wind turbine blade is at least 100 mbar. The glue 90 is cured and the pressure on the second blade shell section 84 is released.
Fig. 7 shows in part the manufacture of a wind turbine blade according to the invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-section perpendicular to a pitch axis of a portion of a blade mold having a blade shell portion. A main web 102 with respective first and second glue flanges 104, 106 is arranged on the first blade shell part 72, wherein a first main spacing element, collectively designated 110, and glue are arranged between a first glue surface of the first glue flange 104 of the main web 102 and a main glue surface of a first main spar cap (spar cap)108 of the first blade shell part 72.
Further, a secondary web 112 having respective first and second glue flanges 114, 116 may be arranged on the first blade shell portion 72, wherein a first secondary spacing element and glue, collectively designated 120, is arranged between the first glue surface of the first glue flange 114 of the primary web 112 and the secondary glue surface of the first primary spar cap 108.
A second main spacing element and glue, collectively denoted 122, are arranged between the second gluing surface of the second gluing flange 106 of the main web 102 and the main gluing surface of the second blade shell section (second main spar cap 124). Thus, glue is arranged between the second gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the second blade shell part. Before arranging the second blade mould on the first blade mould, glue may be applied to the second gluing surface and/or glue may be applied to the main gluing surface of the second blade shell, such that after arranging the second blade mould on the first blade mould, glue is arranged between the second gluing surface of the main web and the main gluing surface of the second blade shell portion.
A second secondary spacing element, collectively designated 126, and glue are arranged between the second gluing surface of the second gluing flange 116 of the secondary web 112 and the secondary gluing surface of the second blade shell section (second main spar cap 124).
The primary spacer element(s) and/or the secondary spacer element(s) may be applied to the second gluing surface of the respective web 102,112 before arranging the second blade mould on the first blade mould. The primary spacer element(s) and/or the secondary spacer element(s) may be applied onto the primary/secondary gluing surface of the second blade shell before arranging the second blade mould on the first blade mould, such that when the second blade mould 82 is arranged on the first blade mould 70 as indicated by arrow 96, the glue and spacer elements are arranged between the second gluing surface of the respective web 102,112 and the primary/secondary gluing surface of the second blade shell portion 84. After arranging the second blade mould on the first blade mould as indicated by arrow 96, pressure is applied and the glue is cured as described in relation to fig. 6.
The invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and variations and modifications may be performed without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and may be changed or varied without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade (10), wherein the wind turbine blade is manufactured as a composite structure comprising a reinforcement material embedded in a polymer matrix, the method comprising:
providing a first blade mold (70) having a first blade shell portion (72), the first blade shell portion (72) having a leading edge (74), a trailing edge, and a first leading edge gluing surface (76) at the leading edge (74), the first blade mold (70) comprising a first leading edge flange (80);
providing a second blade mould (82) having a second blade shell portion (84), the second blade shell portion (84) having a leading edge (86), a trailing edge and a second leading edge gluing surface (87) at the leading edge (86), the second blade mould (82) comprising a second leading edge flange (89);
applying glue (90) to the leading edge gluing surface (76; 87);
providing one or more leading edge spacing elements (92) at the leading edge flange (80; 89);
arranging the second blade mould (82) on the first blade mould (70) such that the one or more leading edge spacing elements (92) are arranged between the first leading edge flange (80) and the second leading edge flange (89);
applying pressure to the second blade shell portion (84); and
curing the glue (90).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the leading edge spacer element (92) has a thickness in the range of 1mm to 10 mm.
3. The method according to any of claims 1-2, comprising aligning leading edges (74;86) of the first and second blade shell portions (72, 84) before applying pressure to the second blade shell portion (84).
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises:
arranging a primary web (102) on the first blade shell portion (72), wherein arranging a primary web (102) on the first blade shell portion (72) comprises arranging one or more first primary spacer elements (110) between a first gluing surface of the primary web (102) and a primary gluing surface of the first blade shell portion (72), and applying glue between the first gluing surface of the primary web (102) and the primary gluing surface of the first blade shell portion (72).
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the first primary spacing element (110) has a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises:
arranging one or more second primary spacer elements (122) between a second gluing surface of the primary web (102) and a primary gluing surface of the second blade shell portion (84); and
applying glue between the second gluing surface of the primary web and the primary gluing surface of the second blade shell part (84).
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the second primary spacing element (122) has a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises:
-providing one or more trailing edge spacing elements at a first trailing edge flange of the first blade mould (70) or at a second trailing edge flange of the second blade mould (82); and
arranging the second blade mould (82) on the first blade mould (70) such that the one or more trailing edge spacing elements are arranged between the first and second trailing edge flanges.
9. A method according to any of claims 1-2, wherein applying pressure to the second blade shell part (84) comprises applying a negative pressure to the inside of the wind turbine blade (10).
10. The method according to any of claims 1-2, wherein applying pressure to the second blade shell portion (84) comprises applying a positive pressure to an outer surface of the second blade shell portion (84).
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EP3475061B1 (en) 2021-08-04
CA3027606A1 (en) 2017-12-28
WO2017220596A1 (en) 2017-12-28
US20190232571A1 (en) 2019-08-01
BR112018076472A2 (en) 2019-04-09
EP3475061A1 (en) 2019-05-01
BR112018076472B1 (en) 2022-11-08
DK3475061T3 (en) 2021-11-15
MA45494A (en) 2019-05-01
ES2896249T3 (en) 2022-02-24

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