CN109637738A - Three-phase coaxial superconductive cable electrifying conductor - Google Patents
Three-phase coaxial superconductive cable electrifying conductor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109637738A CN109637738A CN201811495532.1A CN201811495532A CN109637738A CN 109637738 A CN109637738 A CN 109637738A CN 201811495532 A CN201811495532 A CN 201811495532A CN 109637738 A CN109637738 A CN 109637738A
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- phase
- low temperature
- insulation layer
- electric insulation
- wound
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- OSOKRZIXBNTTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ca].[Cu].[Sr].[Bi] Chemical compound [O].[Ca].[Cu].[Sr].[Bi] OSOKRZIXBNTTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTGZYWWSOPEHMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Cu].[Y].[Ba] Chemical compound [O].[Cu].[Y].[Ba] BTGZYWWSOPEHMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021521 yttrium barium copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/16—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase coaxial superconductive cable electrifying conductor, comprising: a flexible framework (2) for forming a refrigerant inflow channel (1); a first low temperature electrical insulation layer (6) wound on the flexible backbone (2); the three-phase electrified superconductor (3) is wound on the first low-temperature electric insulation layer (6); a second cryogenic electrically insulating layer (7) disposed between the superconductors of two adjacent phases and having a cryogenic microfluidic channel (8); a third low-temperature electric insulation layer (9) wound on the three-phase electrified superconductor (3); a copper shielding layer (4) wound on the third low-temperature electric insulation layer (9), and a protection and strapping layer (5) wound on the copper shielding layer (4). The invention improves the thermal stability of the intermediate phase of a three-phase energized superconductor and the thermal stability of the two adjacent phases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical power distribution electro-technical field more particularly to a kind of three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductors.
Background technique
High-temperature superconductive cable has many advantages, such as line loss is low, transmission capacity is big, corridor takes up little area, is environmental-friendly.
Comprehensively consider electric power energy demand sustainable growth, that energy-saving and emission-reduction demand enhances year by year, city power transmission and distribution corridor has hastened towards saturation etc. is all
It is multifactor, it can realize that efficient low-loss and the superconductive power transmission technology of large-capacity power conveying will have in the following transmission & distribution electrical domain simultaneously
There is unique competitive advantage.Therefore, high-temperature superconductive cable is in large capacity transmissions sides such as power plant, substation and down town distribution
Face will have broad application prospects.
Exchange high-temperature superconductive cable needs three-phase to form a circuit, has been developed that a variety of configurations, different to adapt to
Laid condition, voltage and current grade.Several configurations such as three-phase discrete (single), three core type, three-phase coaxial-type have obtained work
The verifying of journey demonstrative project.Wherein, three-phase coaxial-type is compact-sized with its, saves the features such as band dosage, external electromagnetic-radiation-free,
A referred to as main flow direction of three-phase alternating current hyperconductive cable application development.
The basic configuration of three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable is coiling electric insulation layer, A phase from inside to outside on flexible bellow
Superconductor, electric insulation layer, B superconductor phase, electric insulation layer, C superconductor phase, electric insulation layer, shielded layer, protective layer.If used
Voltage class is higher, superconductor layer close to two sides can also one thin layer of coiling semi-conductive layer.The so-called of above structure composition surpasses
Cable electrical conductor is placed among cryogenic envelope, between the flexible back bone of electrical conductor, electrical conductor and cryogenic envelope
The channel flowed as refrigeration working medium of semilune gap, superconductor stabilization is cooled in temperature range of operation.
But above structure shows certain deficiency under transient process, such as short circuit effect.A phase and C phase due to
Heat transfer distances apart from refrigeration working medium are short, can obtain good cooling, even if by fault current, heat can also transmit quickly
Into refrigeration working medium.But B phase is since the heat transfer distances of the refrigeration working medium apart from two sides are all far, once it is single-phase that B phase occurs
The heat of short trouble, generation needs longer Time Transmission to refrigeration working medium compared to A, C two-phase, and in diabatic process
It is middle the superconductor of A, C phase to be heated.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of three-phase coaxial-type for improving electrical conductor thermal stability
Hyperconductive cable electrical conductor.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductors, comprising:
It is used to form the flexible back bone of refrigeration working medium flow channel；
The first low temperature electric insulation layer being wound on the flexible back bone；
The three-phase energization superconductor being wound on the first low temperature electric insulation layer；
It is arranged between the superconductor of adjacent two-phase and has the second low temperature electric insulation layer of low temperature microchannel；
The third low temperature electric insulation layer being wound on the three-phase energization superconductor；
The copper shield being wound on the third low temperature electric insulation layer, and the protection and bundle that are wound on the copper shield
Prick layer.
Further, the second low temperature electric insulation layer including the first sublayer, the second sublayer and is clipped in first son
Web between layer and the second sublayer, the web are equipped with the low temperature microchannel.
Further, the low temperature microchannel includes the warp and weft for constituting the web, the warp and latitude
The orthogonal thereto arrangement of line.
Further, the diameter or equivalent diameter of the warp and weft are between 1mm-2mm.
Further, the diameter or equivalent diameter of the warp and weft are different, and the difference of the two is 0.5mm.
Further, the flexible back bone is made of bellows or spiral, and corrugated form is U-shaped or c-type.
Further, the first low temperature electric insulation layer and third low temperature electric insulation layer use insulating paper according to the angle of setting
Degree and packet stack rate are coiled into, and the first low temperature electric insulation layer and third low temperature electric insulation layer two sides are also wound with conducting paper.
Further, the three-phase energization superconductor by multilayer superconductive tape or superconducting line according to setting around angle and pitch around
At.
Further, the copper shield is single-ended or two-terminal-grounding, forms faraday cup.
Further, outflow channel is formed on the outside of the protection and binding layer.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is: logical by introducing miniflow in the interphase two sides of three-phase energization superconductor
On the one hand road structure shortens interphase to the heat transfer distances of refrigeration working medium, improves the thermal stability of electrical conductor；Another party
Face, can reduce the environment temperature of intermediate superconductor phase under steady state conditions, a reactor, and then improve its current-carrying capability；It is special in transient process
When not being that interphase passes through short circuit current, middle phase conductor quenches fever, which can be radiated by the microchannel of two sides,
Partial heat can be very significantly improved along transfers, the thermal stability of interphase.Further, since radial heat conduction amount drop
It is low, also improve the thermal stability of adjacent two-phase.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of cross section structure schematic diagram of three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the low temperature electric insulation layer in the embodiment of the present invention with microchannel.
Specific embodiment
The explanation of following embodiment be with reference to attached drawing, can be to the specific embodiment implemented to the example present invention.
The direction and position term that the present invention is previously mentioned, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outside", " top
Portion ", " bottom ", " side " etc. are only direction or position with reference to attached drawing.Therefore, the direction and position term used be to
Illustrate and understand the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor, packet
It includes:
It is used to form the flexible back bone 2 of refrigeration working medium flow channel 1；
The first low temperature electric insulation layer 6 being wound on the flexible back bone 2；
The three-phase energization superconductor 3 being wound on the first low temperature electric insulation layer 6；
It is arranged between the superconductor of adjacent two-phase and has the second low temperature electric insulation layer 7 of low temperature microchannel 8；
It is wound on the third low temperature electric insulation layer 9 of the three-phase energization superconductor 3；
The copper shield 4 being wound on the third low temperature electric insulation layer 9, and the protection being wound on the copper shield 4
With binding layer 5.
Specifically, flexible back bone 2 is made of bellows or spiral, and material can be stainless steel or copper, corrugated form
It can be U-shaped or c-type.Flexible back bone 2 provides refrigeration working medium channel 1, the channel flowed into generally as refrigeration working medium.
First low temperature electric insulation layer 6 and third low temperature electric insulation layer 9, which use, has good electrical insulation capability and machine under low temperature
Tool insulating paper of good performance is coiled into according to the angle and packet stack rate of setting.First low temperature electric insulation layer 6 and third low temperature electric are exhausted
The two sides of edge layer 9 will may cause around conducting paper, conducting paper for the rough of smooth superconductor material surface
Electric field distortion.
Three-phase electrical conductor 3 is made of high temperature superconducting materia, including but not limited to bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper oxide, yttrium barium copper oxide
Superconductive tape or superconducting line based on compound, iron-based high-temperature superconductive body, mgb 2 superconductor etc., are used for transmission electric current.Generally
It is to be coiled into according to certain around angle and pitch by multilayer superconductive tape or superconducting line.Copper shield 4 is wound on outermost layer superconductor
Except insulation, single-ended or two-terminal-grounding forms faraday cup, shields the external electric field of hyperconductive cable, while can also be in three-phase
Induced current is generated in the case where current imbalance, shields external magnetic field.Outflow channel is formed on the outside of protection and binding layer 5
10。
Second low temperature electric insulation layer is set (between A phase and B phase, between B phase and C phase) between the superconductor of adjacent two-phase
7, that is, the second low temperature electric insulation layer 7 is respectively set inside and outside interphase (i.e. B phase).Again as shown in Fig. 2, with micro-
Second low temperature electric insulation layer 7 of the 8 of circulation road is on the basis of the first low temperature electric insulation layer 6 or third low temperature electric insulation layer 9
It is divided into two parts --- the first sublayer 71 and the second sublayer 72, and one layer of fibre is added between the first sublayer 71 and the second sublayer 72
Net is tieed up, web is equipped with the low temperature microchannel 8 of refrigeration working medium.Specifically, low temperature microchannel 8 includes the warp for constituting web
Line 81 and weft 82, warp 81 and the orthogonal thereto arrangement of weft 82, warp 81 and weft 82 diameter (or be non-positive circular section, then
For equivalent diameter, similarly hereinafter) between 1mm-2mm, but the diameter of warp 81 and weft 82 is different, the two diameter difference δ ≈
0.5mm had both guaranteed the overall structure bonding strength of web in this way, also guaranteed the smoothness of microchannel.Web is as machine
Tool supports, and it is thin to form one between two insulating layers (the first sublayer 71 and the second sublayer 72) of the second low temperature electric insulation layer 7
Sheaf space, the space are connected to outer fluid space, after outer fluid space is filled with cryogenic refrigeration working medium, can also be filled in lamella space
Cryogenic refrigeration working medium.In this way, the two sides of the interphase of three-phase electrical conductor 3 are with the presence of refrigeration working medium, the temperature phase of superconductor
Than being declined slightly for no microchannel structure.On the one hand microchannel structure shortens heat transfer distances of the B with respect to refrigeration working medium,
Improve the thermal stability of electrical conductor；On the other hand, the environment temperature of B superconductor phase can be reduced under steady state conditions, a reactor, in turn
Improve its current-carrying capability.In transient process, when especially interphase passes through short circuit current, middle phase conductor quenches fever, the heat
Amount can be radiated by the microchannel 8 of two sides, and partial heat can obtain very big along transfers, the thermal stability of interphase
Improvement.On the other hand, since radial heat conduction amount reduces, the thermal stability of adjacent two-phase is also improved.Meanwhile microchannel
8 since pipeline is narrow, and the viscous force of refrigeration working medium fluid is dominant, and not will form the flowing of macroscopic view, will not complicate refrigeration system
The calculating and assessment of system.
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, is still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor characterized by comprising
It is used to form the flexible back bone (2) of refrigeration working medium flow channel (1)；
The first low temperature electric insulation layer (6) being wound on the flexible back bone (2)；
The three-phase energization superconductor (3) being wound on the first low temperature electric insulation layer (6)；
It is arranged between the superconductor of adjacent two-phase and has the second low temperature electric insulation layer (7) of low temperature microchannel (8)；
The third low temperature electric insulation layer (9) being wound on the three-phase energization superconductor (3)；
The copper shield (4) being wound on the third low temperature electric insulation layer (9), and be wound on the copper shield (4)
Protection and binding layer (5).
2. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second low temperature electric
Insulating layer (7) includes the first sublayer (71), the second sublayer (72) and is clipped in first sublayer (71) and the second sublayer (72)
Between web, the web be equipped with the low temperature microchannel (8).
3. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the low temperature miniflow is logical
Road (8) includes the warp (81) and weft (82) for constituting the web, the warp (81) and weft (82) orthogonal thereto arrangement.
4. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the warp (81) and
The diameter or equivalent diameter of weft (82) are between 1mm-2mm.
5. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the warp (81) and
The diameter or equivalent diameter of weft (82) are different, and the difference of the two is 0.5mm.
6. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flexible back bone
(2) it is made of bellows or spiral, corrugated form is U-shaped or c-type.
7. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first low temperature electric
Insulating layer (6) and third low temperature electric insulation layer (9) are coiled into using insulating paper according to the angle and packet stack rate of setting, and described first is low
Warm electric insulation layer (6) and third low temperature electric insulation layer (9) two sides are also wound with conducting paper.
8. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the three-phase is powered super
Conductor (3) being coiled into around angle and pitch according to setting by multilayer superconductive tape or superconducting line.
9. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the copper shield
(4) single-ended or two-terminal-grounding forms faraday cup.
10. three-phase coaxial-type hyperconductive cable electrical conductor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described protection and
Outflow channel (10) are formed on the outside of binding layer (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811495532.1A CN109637738A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Three-phase coaxial superconductive cable electrifying conductor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811495532.1A CN109637738A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Three-phase coaxial superconductive cable electrifying conductor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109637738A true CN109637738A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Family
ID=66072032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811495532.1A Pending CN109637738A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Three-phase coaxial superconductive cable electrifying conductor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109637738A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110570989A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Superconducting cable |
| CN110570986A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | three-phase high-temperature superconducting current conductor and operation mode of three-phase superconducting cable |
| CN110570988A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Three-phase high-temperature superconducting electrified conductor |
| CN110570987A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | High-temperature superconducting electrified conductor and winding structure of high-temperature superconducting strip |
| CN110570985A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | superconducting cable manufacturing method |
| CN110600190A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Three-phase high-temperature superconducting electrified conductor |
| CN110797149A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-14 | 河北环亚线缆有限公司 | 35kV/10kA cold insulation superconducting three-phase coaxial power cable |
| CN111161917A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-15 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Skeleton structure of superconducting cable |
| CN112151219A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-29 | 北京交通大学 | Three-phase coaxial superconducting cable |
| CN112331402A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-05 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | High-temperature superconducting cable electrifying conductor |
| CN112331403A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-05 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-temperature superconducting cable electrified conductor |
| CN112435799A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Three-phase coaxial superconducting cable current-carrying conductor cooling structure and superconducting cable current-carrying conductor |
| WO2022077568A1 (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Single-ended downstream refrigerating system for superconducting cable |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110570985B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Superconducting cable manufacturing method |
| CN110570986A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | three-phase high-temperature superconducting current conductor and operation mode of three-phase superconducting cable |
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| CN110797149A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-14 | 河北环亚线缆有限公司 | 35kV/10kA cold insulation superconducting three-phase coaxial power cable |
| CN111161917A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-15 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Skeleton structure of superconducting cable |
| CN112151219A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-29 | 北京交通大学 | Three-phase coaxial superconducting cable |
| CN112331402A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-05 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | High-temperature superconducting cable electrifying conductor |
| CN112331403A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-05 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-temperature superconducting cable electrified conductor |
| CN112435799A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Three-phase coaxial superconducting cable current-carrying conductor cooling structure and superconducting cable current-carrying conductor |
| WO2022077567A1 (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-21 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Cooling structure for energized conductor of three-phase coaxial superconducting cable, and energized conductor of superconducting cable |
| WO2022077568A1 (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Single-ended downstream refrigerating system for superconducting cable |
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